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abstract: Phantom Sun is a ten-minute piece in three sections, and is composed for flute, clarinet in b-flat, violin, cello, and percussion. The three-part structure for this work is a representation of the atmospheric phenomenon after which the composition is named. A phantom sun, also called a parhelion or sundog, is a weather-related phenomenon caused by the horizontal refraction of sunlight in the upper atmosphere. This refraction creates the illusion of three suns above the horizon, and is often accompanied by a bright halo called the circumzenithal arc. The halo is caused by light bending at 22° as it passes through hexagonal ice crystals. Consequently, the numbers six and 22 are important figures, and have been encoded into this piece in various ways. The first section, marked “With concentrated intensity,” is characterized by the juxtaposition of tonal ambiguity and tonal affirmation, as well as the use of polymetric counterpoint (often 7/8 against 4/4 or 7/8 against 3/4). The middle section, marked “Crystalline,” provides contrast in its use of unmetered sections and independent tempos. The refraction of light is represented in this movement by a 22-note row based on a hexachord (B-flat, F, C, G, A, E) introduced in measure 164 of the first section. The third section, marked “With frenetic energy,” begins without pause on an arresting entrance of the drums playing an additive rhythmic pattern. This pattern (5+7+9+1) amounts to 22 eighth-note pulses and informs much of the motivic and structural considerations for the remainder of the piece. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Composition 2017

En Europe de l’Ouest et tout particulièrement dans le Sud-Ouest de la France, la période comprise entre environ 60 et 40 mille ans avant le présent est marquée par une mosaïque de changements culturels et démographiques. L’étude des industries lithiques montre que les derniers groupes néandertaliens semblent avoir diversifié leurs comportements techniques juste avant de disparaître. Les industries dites de « transition »,notamment le Châtelperronien, sont souvent considérées comme l’aboutissement d’une trajectoire d’évolution technique néandertalienne. Cependant, notre compréhension des différentes industries du Moustérien récent, de leur chronologie, de leur organisation et de leur succession, ainsi que de leurs liens potentiels avec l’émergence du Paléolithique supérieur, est rendue infiniment complexifiée par, d’une part, le recours à des collections anciennes provenant de fouilles parfois réalisées il y a plus d’un siècle, et, d’autre part, l’absence de révision critique de certaines séquences clés. Ce travail présente une étude techno-typologique et taphonomique des industries lithiques de plusieurs niveaux majeurs de l’Abri inférieur du Moustier, sur la base d’une révision des collections anciennes mais aussi de l’analyse de matériel issu de la reprise récente des fouilles dans ce gisement de référence. Les résultats acquis au Moustier, combinés avec une révision critique de l’association présumée entre industrie châtelperronienne et restes humains néandertaliens à Saint-Césaire, soulèvent d’intéressantes questions sur les modalités de définition des techno-complexes lithiques et sur notre perception des conditions de la disparition des Néandertaliens. / During the period between broadly 60 ky and 40 ky Western Europe, and especially south-western France, was the theatre for a mosaic of bio-cultural changes. Late Neanderthal groups appeared to have diversified their lithic technology just prior to disappearing. This technological trajectory is commonly seen as culminating in the so-called ‘transitional ‘industries, notably the Châtelperronian. However, our understanding of the chronology, organisation and succession of the Late Mousterian and its possible relation to the emergence of the Upper Palaeolithic in this region is complicated due to the reliance on sites excavated sometimes as longas a century ago combined with the absence of a critical appraisal of certain key sites. This thesis presents arevision of previously recovered and newly excavated material from several important levels of Le Moustier(Lowe Shelter). When considered in light of a revision of the Châtelperronian-Neandertal association at Saint-Césaire, these results pose interesting questions for the definition of lithic techno-complexes and how we view the complex question of Neandertal extinction/replacement.

Ämnet för denna kandidatuppsats är Arnold Schönbergs verk Pierrot Lunaire. Det komponerades under sommaren 1912 och är än idag ett av de mest fascinerande modernistiska verk som finns, ofta framfört och ständigt aktuellt. Jag har i uppsatsen, förutom att ha gett en redogörelse för uppkomsten av Pierrot Lunaire och dess betydelse, undersökt min egen inlärningsprocess när jag som sångerska instuderat fyra satser ur verket, och utifrån resultatet dragit slutsatser om hur den här typen av musik bäst instuderas. Syftet med studien var alltså en utforskning av olika metoder för instudering, specifikt inom området svårinlärd vokalmusik. Metodiskt består denna undersökning av några olika komponenter. Själva studien i inlärning genomfördes på min loggbok över övningstimmar ägnade åt Arnold Schönbergs Pierrot Lunaire, vilken jag strukturerat efter tre sinsemellan olika instuderingsmetoder, som sedan i retrospektiv vägs mot varandra för att påvisa vilken som ger störst effektivitet. Utöver detta har jag läst en rad vetenskapliga artiklar i akt och mening att få begrepp om Pierrot Lunaire’s upphovspersoner samt deras levnadsförlopp, och därtill om själva verkets natur. Vidare har jag tillsammans med en pianist navigerat mig igenom musiken och spelat in ett klingande exempel som bifogas till denna uppsats. Resultatet av studien har varit relativt entydigt men vägen till den slutsats jag kunde dra har inte varit helt rak – det har visat sig att olika inlärningsprocesser kan ge olika resultat beroende på om man vill lära sig materialet på lång eller kort sikt. Man kan dra slutsatsen att en grundlig och systematisk instudering av de olika musikaliska aspekterna var för sig, påvisat med instuderingsmetod nr. 2 har det mest långsiktiga resultatet i fråga om precision och säkerhet, vilket i sin tur leder till större konstnärlig frihet. Detta resultat innebär insikt om hur jag, och förhoppningsvis andra, bör förhålla oss till instudering av modernistisk konstmusik. / <p>Bilaga 1 – Partitur på fyra satser ur <em>Pierrot Lunaire (</em>Arnold Schönberg, Op. 21 komponerad år 1912),<em> </em>se nedan. </p><p>Bilaga 2 - MP3-fil innhehållandes framförandet av fyra satser ur <em>Pierrot Lunaire.</em> </p><p>Sopran: Eleonora Poignant </p><p>Piano: Anonymiserad student vid KMH</p><p>1. Mondestrunken</p><p>4. Eine blasse Wäscherin</p><p>6. Madonna</p><p>7. Der kranke Mond </p>

Sizhu was written for the standard Pierrot ensemble though with percussion replacing the singer. This particular ensemble is capable of producing a multitude of colors while maintaining the balance inherent to a chamber group. The Chinese name, si’zhu, is a literal and figurative metaphor for these elements of the ensemble. Literally translated “silk” (sī) and “bamboo” (zhú), the word is a generalization for Chinese classical music developed in the Jiangsu province (Jiāngnán sīzhú) that utilizes strings, or “silk” instruments, and flutes, or “bamboo,” instruments in combination. A typical work involves two or more players of either ilk. In reference to the work presented here, Sizhu is a metaphor for the western instruments (flute and clarinet as “bamboo,” and violin and cello as “silk”) that are employed within the piece. It also refers to my use of a Chinese melody in the compositional process. The song, Er Quan Ying Yue (The Moon Reflected In Second Spring), was composed and performed regularly on the streets by the blind erhu player A Bing. The song has been fragmented, stretched, and varied to the point of near inscrutability, though it becomes more comprehensible following the mid-point. It inspires both structural and local events. The work also employs aspects of the spectral style. The first section is a slow distortion and transformation of the A harmonic spectrum; specific partials are emphasized as the spectrum expands and contracts. Additionally, fragments of the Chinese melody appear within the confines of each specific harmonic structure. The second part completely diverges utilizing assimilated pentatonic scale permutations. Finally, the third section synthesizes these two elements of musical material within the piece as the instruments morendo into silence.

This thesis is a reflection upon three aspects of my practice as a performer: it explores the ways in which the seaside pierrot troupe, the fairground sideshow and the peepshow contribute to a deeper understanding of the showman’s role. This practice is combined with published materials in the form of broadcasts and publicly accessible media, which contextualize my research. I shall demonstrate how a showman may use historical performance forms to present subversive, social and political comment, in contemporary public space.

Orientador: Adriana Giarola Kayama / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T07:10:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vasconcelos_LuciadeFatimaRamos_D.pdf: 11887790 bytes, checksum: 3c9cf34fd688fea0def7772f715819e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Com o objetivo de prover material de pesquisa capaz de auxiliar futuros tradutores de obras vocais, o presente trabalho é um estudo interdisciplinar que reúne teóricos da linguística e da música, com o fim de delimitar e aprofundar, por meio de uma análise de caso, ferramentas que auxiliem o processo de tradução de obras vocais. Partindo do princípio que texto e a música são fenômenos sonoros indissociáveis, neste trabalho, recorremos à melopoética como fio condutor desse processo criativo. Diante de tal corrente de estudo que trabalha especificamente com as questões sonoras que permeiam letra e música, as ferramentas de trabalho que desenvolvemos possuem íntima relação com esses fenômenos. Métrica, acentuação rítmica, prosódia, rimas internas e externas e os processos de união e separação de palavras em música são os elementos que foram aqui aprofundados, em uma pesquisa quem sua essência, promove a intercomunicação entre a música e a linguística. A tese tem um capítulo introdutório, com um levantamento bibliográfico de autores clássicos e atuais da área de tradução, especificamente de tradução poética. Na introdução também é apresentada a linha de pensamento na qual iremos desenvolver nossa análise: a melopoética. As ferramentas que serão defendidas e utilizadas como parâmetro na análise de caso são expostas no primeiro capítulo, enquanto no segundo capítulo é desenvolvida a análise da obra Pierrot Lunaire de Arnold Schoenberg, traduzida por Augusto de Campos, com a participação da maestrina e cantora Edmar Ferreti, figura fundamental nesse processo de tradução / Abstract: With the aim of providing research material able to help future translators of vocal works, this paper is an interdisciplinary study that brings together theoretical linguistics and music, in order to define and develop, through a case analysis, tools to assist the translation process of vocal works. Starting from principle that text and music are inseparable sound phenomena, in this work we resort to the theory of melopoetics as the connecting line for this creative process. With this line of work that deals specifically with the issues that permeates music and text the tools we have chosen have close relation with these aspects. Metric, rhythmic accentuation, prosody, internal and external rhymes, and processes of union and separation of words in music, are the elements that have been discussed here, in a research that, in its core, promotes the intercommunication between music and language. The thesis has an introductory chapter, with a discussion of bibliography of current and classic authors in the area of translation, specifically poetic translation. Also included in the introduction is the line of thought in which we will develop our analysis: melopoetics. The tools that will be defended and used as a parameters in the analysis of the case study are stated in the first chapter, while the second chapter analyses Arnold Schoenberg's work Pierrot Lunaire, translated by Brazilian author Augusto de Campos, with the participation of the conductor and singer Edmar Ferreti, key figure in this translation process / Doutorado / Praticas Interpretativas / Doutora em Música