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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Visibilité polygone à polygone : calcul, représentation, applications

Mora, Frédéric 10 July 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse aborde le problème du calcul et de la représentation de la visibilité mutuelle de polygones. Elle montre tout le potentiel et l'intérêt de cette information pour la résolution de problèmes difficiles en synthèse d'images et en propagation électromagnétique. <br />Nous proposons un nouvel algorithme pour calculer la visibilité dans l'espace de Plücker, afin de minimiser les coûts en temps et mémoire vis-à-vis des précédentes approches.<br />En synthèse d'images, nous utilisons l'information ainsi calculée pourproposer une nouvelle solution au calcul analytique des ombres douces en illumination directe. Cette solution concilie la qualité et la rapidité du rendu.<br />En propagation électromagnétique, nous proposons l'optimisation sans perte d'un modèle basé rayons. Celle-ci permet d'effectuer des simulations dont la précision est optimale tout en s'appliquant à des environnements de tailles significatives.
2

O problema das 4 retas do calculo de Schubert

Lisboa, Viviane de Jesus 26 May 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T11:45:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 941118 bytes, checksum: f8ae9b800c3284a22de7188884029167 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this dissertation we expose the solve the four line problem in Schubert Calculus using the Plucker embedding, giving emphasis to the study of the relative position of the four given lines in P3, this allows us to obtain an explicit description of the solution's set as well as to give the precise meaning to the notion of general position. In chapter 1, we insert the notion of projective space and other related, which are the basic notions for addressing the problem that we treat. In chapter 2, we introduce the Plucker embedding, !, which allows us to identify the set of lines that meet a xed given line l0 with the intersection of the Plucker's quadric, Q, and the tangent space of Q at !(l0). We also give the description of all the linear varieties contained in the Plucker's quadric Q. Finally, in chapter 3 we demonstrate the Theorem 3.0.3 which is a key ingredient to and solutions for our problem. Moreover, we establish a relationship between the relative position of the four given lines and their solution's set. Finally, we conclude in the appendix with the Shapiro-Shapiro conjecture in the case of the four line problem in Schubert Calculus. / Neste trabalho expomos a resolução do problema das 4 retas do Cálculo de Schubert utilizando o mergulho de Plücker, com ênfase no estudo da posição relativa das 4 retas dadas em P3, o que nos permite obter uma descrição explícita do conjunto de soluções é dar sentido preciso à noção de posição geral. No capítulo 1 inserimos a noção de espaço projetivo e outras correlatas que servirão de base no estudo do problema a ser resolvido. No capítulo 2 introduzimos o Mergulho de Plücker, &#969;, o qual nos permite identificar o conjunto das retas que encontram uma reta fixa l0 com a interseção da quádrica de Plücker e o espaço tangente à mesma no ponto &#969; l0. Além disso damos a descrição das variedades lineares contidas na quádrica de Plücker. Porém, no capítulo 3 demonstramos o Teorema 3.0.3 que é a chave para resolução do nosso problema e fazemos a descrição do conjunto solução cada para posição relativa possível das 4 retas. Concluímos com um apêndice onde tratamos da conjectura de Shapiro-Shapiro no caso do problema das quatro retas do cálculo de Shubert.
3

"Die Freude an der Gestalt" : méthodes, figures et pratiques de la géométrie au début du dix-neuvième siècle / "Die Freude an der Gestalt" : methods, figures and practices in early nineteenth century geometry

Lorenat, Jemma 10 April 2015 (has links)
L'histoire standard de la géométrie projective souligne l'opposition au 19e siècle entre méthodes analytiques et synthétiques. Nous nous interrogeons sur la manière dont les géomètres du 19e siècle ont vraiment opéré ou non des distinctions entre leurs méthodes et dans quelle mesure cette géométrie était "moderne'' comme le clamaient ses praticiens, et plus tard leurs historiens. Poncelet insistait sur le rôle central de la figure, qui selon lui pourrait être obscurci par les calculs de l'algèbre. Nous étudions son argument en action dans des problèmes de construction résolus par plusieurs auteurs différents -comme la construction d'une courbe du second ordre ayant un contact d'ordre trois avec une courbe plane donnée, dont cinq solutions paraissent entre 1817 et 1826. Nous montrons que l'attention visuelle est au coeur de la résolution, indépendamment de la méthode suivie, qu'elle n'est pas réservée aux figures, et que les débats sont aussi un moyen de signaler de nouvelles zones de recherche à un public en formation. Nous approfondissons ensuite la réception des techniques nouvelles et l'usage des figures dans les travaux de deux mathématiciens décrits d'ordinaire comme opposés, l'un algébriste, Plücker, et l'autre défendant l'approche synthétique, Steiner. Nous examinons enfin les affirmations de modernité dans les manuels français de géométrie publiés pendant le premier tiers du dix-neuvième siècle. Tant Gergonne et Plücker que Steiner ont développé des formes de géométrie qui ne se pliaient pas en fait à une caractérisation dichotomique, mais répondaient de manière spécifique aux pratiques mathématiques et aux modes d'interaction de leur temps. / The standard history of nineteenth century geometry began with Jean Victor Poncelet's contributions which then spread to Germany alongside an opposition between Julius Plücker, an analytic geometer, and Jakob Steiner, a synthetic geometer. Our questions centre on how geometers distinguished methods, when opposition arose, in what ways geometry disseminated from Poncelet to Plücker and Steiner, and whether this geometry was "modern'' as claimed.We first examine Poncelet's argument that within pure geometry the figure was never lost from view, while it could be obscured by the calculations of algebra. Our case study reveals visual attention within constructive problem solving, regardless of method. Further, geometers manipulated and represented figures through textual descriptions and coordinate equations. We also consider the debates involved as a medium for communicating geometry in which Poncelet and Gergonne in particular developed strategies for introducing new geometry to a conservative audience. We then turn to Plücker and Steiner. Through comparing their common research, we find that Plücker practiced a "pure analytic geometry'' that avoided calculation, while Steiner admired "synthetic geometry'' because of its organic unity. These qualities contradict usual descriptions of analytic geometry as computational or synthetic geometry as ad-hoc.Finally, we study contemporary French books on geometry and show that their methodological divide was grounded in student prerequisites, where "modern'' implied the use of algebra. By contrast, research publications exhibited evolving forms of geometry that evaded dichotomous categorization.The standard history of nineteenth century geometry began with Jean Victor Poncelet's contributions which then spread to Germany alongside an opposition between Julius Plücker, an analytic geometer, and Jakob Steiner, a synthetic geometer. Our questions centre on how geometers distinguished methods, when opposition arose, in what ways geometry disseminated from Poncelet to Plücker and Steiner, and whether this geometry was "modern'' as claimed.We first examine Poncelet's argument that within pure geometry the figure was never lost from view, while it could be obscured by the calculations of algebra. Our case study reveals visual attention within constructive problem solving, regardless of method. Further, geometers manipulated and represented figures through textual descriptions and coordinate equations. We also consider the debates involved as a medium for communicating geometry in which Poncelet and Gergonne in particular developed strategies for introducing new geometry to a conservative audience. We then turn to Plücker and Steiner. Through comparing their common research, we find that Plücker practiced a "pure analytic geometry'' that avoided calculation, while Steiner admired "synthetic geometry'' because of its organic unity. These qualities contradict usual descriptions of analytic geometry as computational or synthetic geometry as ad-hoc.Finally, we study contemporary French books on geometry and show that their methodological divide was grounded in student prerequisites, where "modern'' implied the use of algebra. By contrast, research publications exhibited evolving forms of geometry that evaded dichotomous categorization.
4

Rychlý výpočet průsečíku paprsku s trojúhelníkem / Fast Ray-Triangle Intersection

Havel, Jiří January 2008 (has links)
Triangle is the mostly used primitive in computer graphics. Calculation of its intersection with a ray has many applications and is often a bottleneck of a program. This work focuses on its usage and various methods of calculation. It tries to combine these techniques to achieve high performance on modern processors.
5

Asservissement visuel à partir de droites et auto-étalonnage pince-caméra

Andreff, Nicolas 29 November 1999 (has links) (PDF)
L'utilisation de droites en asservissement visuel pose, contrairement au cas des points, un problème de représentation. Nous y avons répondu en nous basant sur les coordonnées de Plücker d'une droite, ce qui nous a permis d'introduire la notion d'alignement en coordonnées de Plücker binormées. Grâce à ces dernières, nous avons défini deux lois de commande voisines qui réalisent le nouvel alignement ; sont explicites et partiellement découplées entre rotation et translation ; mélangent informations 2D et 3D ; et enfin, ne nécessitent pas d'estimation de profondeur. Nous avons exhibé des résultats de convergence de ces lois et caractérisé leurs singularités. Nous avons ensuite appliqué ces lois au positionnement d'une caméra face à un trièdre orthogonal. Cette configuration ne permet pas d'observer la profondeur. Pour compenser ce manque, nous avons adjoint un pointeur laser non étalonné à la caméra. En reformulant le problème d'étalonnage pince-caméra par un système purement linéaire, nous avons produit une analyse algébrique du système et une classification des mouvements d'étalonnage. Les procédures classiques sont contraignantes puisqu'elles nécessitent l'observation d'une mire et/ou l'interruption de la tâche effectuée par le robot. Afin de lever ces contraintes, nous avons adapté notre méthode linéaire pour proposer une méthode d'auto-étalonnage, qui se passe de mire, et une méthode d'étalonnage en ligne, qui n'interrompt pas la tâche.
6

O PASSEIO DE CATALAN NA PRAIA E AS GRASSMANNIANAS DE RETAS

GUIMARÃES, Hugo Leonardo de Andrade 01 1900 (has links)
Submitted by Etelvina Domingos (etelvina.domingos@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-10T17:09:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) HLAG.pdf: 1126552 bytes, checksum: 1e1ac46e79a77b1688e9cb1f88285609 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-10T17:09:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) HLAG.pdf: 1126552 bytes, checksum: 1e1ac46e79a77b1688e9cb1f88285609 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01 / O objetivo desse trabalho é mostrar que os Top Intersection Numbers das Grassmannianas de retas G(2,n+2) satisfazem a relação de recorrência apresentada no artigo "Catalan Traffic at the Beach" e a conexão desses dois com os números de Catalan. Tudo isso será feito com a teoria das Derivações de Schubert e sua conexão com as Grassmannianas de retas.
7

O passeio de Catalan na praia e as Grassmannianas de retas

Leonardo de Andrade Guimarães, Hugo 31 January 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:33:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo9589_1.pdf: 1126552 bytes, checksum: 1e1ac46e79a77b1688e9cb1f88285609 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / O objetivo desse trabalho é mostrar que os Top Intersection Numbers das Grassmannianas de retas G(2,n+2) satisfazem a relação de recorrência apresentada no artigo "Catalan Traffic at the Beach" e a conexão desses dois com os números de Catalan. Tudo isso será feito com a teoria das Derivações de Schubert e sua conexão com as Grassmannianas de retas

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