published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Architecture, University Of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Town and Regional Planning Johannesburg, 1991 / This dissertaion will explore the principles of legal precedent and how they are applied in the legal decision-making process. This will take place in the framework of law and the South African legal system. The similar concerns of planning and law will be described. The nature of planning precedent and the way in which it is set and applied in principle and practice will be described. This will be compared to legal precedent and criticised accordingly. Case studies will be used to illustrate the practlcal ways in which planning precedent is created. All discussions will take place in terms of the notion of the pUblic interest as it is viewed from the perspective of the public sector planner. The growth and development of Planning and planning legislation will be traced to illustrate the public interest nature of planning. The dissertation will conclude with a set of recommendations which serve to formalise the way in which planning precedent is set and used.

Typescript. / Bibliography: leaves 228-233. / Microfilm. / xi, 233 leaves ill

Lesotho is faced with massive problems relating to the environment and landuse planning. The main concern is land degradation and soil erosion. The problems which have been identified are legislative and socio-economic. The social and economic make-up of the country makes it a difficult task to redress the identified problems. Lesotho has ample laws which addresses the environment and proper land-use planning but there is evident lack of implementation and law enforcement. A decisive government policy which recognise the importance of according environmental issues the highest priority is needed. This will facilitate proper implementation. / Private Law / LL.M.

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de análise os Mapas de Lei dos marcos urbanísticos da cidade de São Paulo. Objetivo é verificar como os mapas têm sido utilizados para a aplicação da legislação urbanística e em que medida o Mapa se torna o efetivo vínculo normativo na aplicação da lei. Busca-se aferir qual foi o papel atribuído ao Mapa no decorrer dessas legislações e qual a sua posição dentro da estrutura jurídica e urbanística. Para isso iremos avaliar os mapas dos planos diretores e zoneamento da cidade de São Paulo dividindo-os em três períodos, determinados pela vigência de cada plano: o Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Integrado de 1971 (PDDI), o Plano Diretor Estratégico de 2002 e o Plano Diretor Estratégico de 2014. / The object of this master\'s thesis is the Maps of Urban Landmarks Laws of São Paulo\'s city. Aim is to verify how the maps have been used for the application of the Urban Legislation and in what extent the Map becomes the effective normative link in the application of the Law. It seeks to study the role assigned to the Map in the course of these legislations and what its position within the legal and urban structure. For this purpose, we will evaluate the Maps of the master plans and zoning laws of the city of São Paulo, dividing them into three periods, determined by the validity of each plan: the Integrated Development Master Plan of 1971 (PDDI), the 2002 Strategic Master Plan and 2014 Strategic Master Plan.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-21T11:26:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Angélica Maria Santos Guimarães.pdf: 3474225 bytes, checksum: bbcaf721966eba161a65bc3ba0204fb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T11:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angélica Maria Santos Guimarães.pdf: 3474225 bytes, checksum: bbcaf721966eba161a65bc3ba0204fb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15 / The core of the present study is urban clean-up and solid waste management in large Brazilian cities of Salvador and Bogotá in Colombia as a constituent element of the right to the city. Initially, the analysis differentiates the Urban Law from the Right to the City. In the sequence, it focuses on the urban cleaning in the context of the Social State and its effectiveness, analyzing the normative treatment of the topic in the context of the Brazilian legal system, including individual and concrete standards produced by the Courts of Auditors in implementing indirect execution of these services. The main objective is to defend the need of redefine of the concepts of effectiveness of such services through the adoption of a control based on principles, requirements, assumptions, indicators of public health, quality of life and environmental sustainability, emphasizing the elements and functions of the city, prescribed in the Federal Constitution, the National Solid Waste Policy and the City Statute. It is evaluated the role of the Welfare State in urban cleaning and solid waste management, understood as socio-environmental goods of economic value, capable of transforming cities into "healthy living spaces", accomplishing of social rights, of happiness and of sustainable economic development. It defends also Urban clean-up and solid waste management are therefore advocated as a constitutive element of the Right to the City and, at the same time, guarantee instrument of leisure, education, housing, movement, employment and income in a sustainable urban environment. Urban cleaning and solid waste management must be able to assure the inhabitants of the town, physical and mental health, as well as quality of life in all its aspects / O cerne do presente estudo é a limpeza urbana e a gestão de resíduos sólidos nas cidades brasileiras de grande porte, a exemplo de Salvador e Bogotá, na Colômbia, como elemento constitutivo do Direito à Cidade. Inicialmente, a análise diferencia o Direito Urbanístico do Direito à Cidade. Em sequência, enfoca a limpeza urbana no contexto do Estado Social e sua efetivação, analisando o tratamento normativo do tema no âmbito do sistema jurídico brasileiro, inclusive de normas individuais e concretas produzidas pelos Tribunais de Contas em sede de controle da execução indireta destes serviços. O objetivo central é defender a necessidade de ressignificação da eficácia dos referidos serviços por meio do controle de efetividade a partir de princípios, requisitos, pressupostos, indicadores de saúde pública, de qualidade de vida e de sustentabilidade ambiental, enfatizando os elementos e funções da cidade, prescritas na Constituição Federal, na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e no Estatuto da Cidade. É avaliado o papel do Estado Social na limpeza urbana e na gestão dos resíduos sólidos, compreendidos como bens sócio-ambientais de valor econômico, capazes de transformar as cidades em “espaços de vida saudável”, de concretização dos direitos sociais, da felicidade e de desenvolvimento econômico sustentável. Defende-se, então, a limpeza urbana e a gestão dos resíduos sólidos como elemento constitutivo do Direito à Cidade e ao mesmo tempo instrumento garantidor do lazer, da educação, da habitação, da circulação, do emprego e da renda, em um meio ambiente urbano sustentável. A limpeza urbana e a gestão dos resíduos sólidos devem ser capaz de assegurar aos habitantes da cidade saúde física e mental, bem como qualidade de vida em todas as suas vertentes

L'espace naturel est l'objet d'enjeux très divers relayés par le droit qui y applique de nombreuses procédures et règles spécifiques. il doit concilier le développement des sociètés humaines et la protection de la nature. les aires protégées, pour l'essentiel, les parcs nationaux, les réserves naturelles et les arrêtés de protection de biotope, fournissent le cadre privilégié d'une étude d'ensemble du régime de protection dans ces espaces qui impose de sérieuses restrictions au droit des sols et notamment au droit de construire sur lequel se fonde le droit de l'urbanisme. des problèmes de conflit de normes apparaissent donc entre un droit de l'environnement qui a vocation à protéger les espaces, et un droit de l'urbanisme qui entend aménager, exploiter ces mêmes espaces. les relations conflictuelles entre des deux droits conduisent à analyser de manière systèmatique le régime de l'occupation des sols dans chaque aire protégée de france. au demeurant, le droit de l'environnement s'intéressera à la question de la superposition de réglementation qui conduit à des entraves à la conservation de la nature, ce, en raison d'une transformation de l'espace générée par la construction ou l'aménagement en terrains à bâtir. / The concept of protected natural area, including national parks and nature reserves, encompasses a variety of legal regimes. Among them, the most classical ones originate from a combination of legal statuses and police regulations. These protections are rooted in both environmental and planning laws, which tend to overlap, making it harder to clearly identify the regimes and principles that inspired them in the first place, and to appreciate their legal significance.On the one hand, the present work aims at defining the legal regime applicable to each of these protected natural areas, by explaining its specific normative organisation; on the other hand, its goal is to identify the contribution of planning law to the protection of natural areas, through its rules and procedures. The legal framework of the protection of natural areas thus clarified, it faces a double set of challenges. The first ones lay in the prioritisation and the articulation of regulations and procedures that derive from diverse laws applicable to the space. It also implies to remove certain obstacles linked to the competition of police regulations. The second set of challenges emanates from an emerging global law of sustainable development that has been granted constitutional status by the Chart for the Environnement. This global law irriguates the whole regulations and is now binding on all public policies, including city planning.constitutional level through the Environmental Charter..

Suscitée par l’impact des activités humaines sur l’environnement et sans jamais être réellement une notion explicitement consacrée par le droit, l’éco-citoyenneté transparaît au travers de nombreuses normes juridiques. Ambivalente, cette notion suggère à la fois un ensemble de droits dont le public est créancier mais également une responsabilité de ce dernier à l’égard de l’environnement.Partant de cette dualité de valeurs complémentaires, le droit de l’homme à un environnement sain se concrétise par la reconnaissance d’un droit d’accès à l’information, à participation au processus décisionnel et d’accès à la justice. Ainsi le droit fait de plus en plus dépendre l’acceptation de décisions du concours actif des citoyens. Le développement de la démocratie participative dans le domaine de l’aménagement et du développement durables constitue l’indice d’une transformation paradigmatique. En effet, tout en préservant certaines modalités classiques de l’action publique, le droit développe de nouveaux concepts et schémas organisationnels accompagnant cette évolution non encore achevée.Qu’il soit influencé par des phénomènes sociaux ou qu’il se développe spontanément, le droit de l’environnement décline progressivement le rôle du citoyen sous la forme du recours au prétoire mais également par l’évolution de la procédure administrative non contentieuse. Basée centralement sur l’étude du droit français de l’environnement ainsi que sur plusieurs incursions comparatistes, cette thèse s’appuie également sur la sociologie, la philosophie ou encore les sciences politiques et administratives. Ces travaux se proposent d’aborder la manière dont le droit prend en compte l’impératif de la participation éco-citoyenne. / Generated by the impact of human activities on the environment and without ever really being a notion explicitly consecrated by the law, eco-citizenship appears in many legal norms. Ambivalent, this notion suggests both a set of rights of which the public is creditor and a responsibility of the latter with respect to the environment.Starting from this duality of complementary values, the human right to a healthy environment is materialized by the recognition of a right of access to information, of participation in decision-making and access to justice. Thus, the law increasingly provides that the acceptance of decisions depends on the active support of citizens. The development of participatory democracy in the field of planning and sustainable development is indicative of a paradigmatic transformation. In effect, while preserving certain classical modes of public action, the law develops new concepts and organizational schemes that accompany this evolution which has not yet been completed.Whether it is influenced by social phenomena or spontaneously developed, environmental law gradually reveals the role of the citizen in the form of recourse to the courtroom but also by the evolution of the non-contentious administrative procedure. Centrally founded on the study of French environmental law as well as on several comparative incursions, this thesis is also based on sociology, philosophy or political and administrative sciences. This academic work intends to address the way in which the law takes into account the imperative of eco-citizen participation.

Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In terms of the Constitution (108 of 1996) provinces are given the responsibility for planning. Following the history of provincial planning it can be seen that the context of spatial planning have changed dramatically. This can be linked to changes in planning theory. The legal and policy environment for provincial planning have been shaped by different national departments concerned with planning. The Development Facilitation Act (67 of 1995) a key piece of legislation moved towards a normative based system for planning. Provinces were given the opportunity to introduce provincial specific legislation for planning. Since 1994 only four provinces the Western Cape, Northern Cape, Gauteng and KwaZulu- Natal have introduced Acts or Bills. To assist the remaining five provinces in introducing province specific planning legislation it is important to establish if the different systems are moving towards conformity. Through analysis of the different systems, mechanisms and institutions, a comparison and evaluation of the different Act and Bills it was established that the provincial planning systems are to a large extent similar and in deed moving towards conformity. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Provinsies is verantwoordelik vir beplanning volgens bepalings in die Grondwet (108 van 1996). Deur 'n historiese oorsig van provinsiale beplanning word dit duidelik dat die konteks van ruimtelike beplanning dramaties oor tyd verander het. Hierdie verandering kan gekoppel word aan verandering in beplanningsteorie. Die wetlike en beleidsomgewing van provinsiale beplanning is dinamies. Hierdie veranderende omgewing word geskep deur die invloed van verskillende nasionale departemente wat betrokke is by beplanning. 'n Toonaangewende wet die Wet op Ontwikkelingsfasilitering (67 van 1995) het beweeg na 'n normatief gebasseerde sisteem vir beplanning. Provinsies word die geleentheid gebied om wetgewing daar te stel wat handel oor beplanning. Sedert 1994 het slegs vier provinsies - die Wes-Kaap, Noord-Kaap, Gauteng en KwaZulu- Natal wette o fwetsontwerpe opgestel. In 'n poging om die oorblywende provinsies te help om hul eie wetgewing op te stel is dit van belang om te bepaal tot watter mate die verskillende sisteme van provinsiale beplanning beweeg na konformiteit. Deur 'n analise en vergelyking van die verskillende sisteme, meganismes en instellings, gevolg deur 'n evaluering, is daar bevind dat die provinsiale beplanningsisteme ooreenkomste toon en daadwerklik beweeg na konformiteit.

Orientador: Emilia Rutkowski / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Ubanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T13:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SabatinoCaldeyro_Veronica_M.pdf: 5515504 bytes, checksum: eb93e2e5d4c24608546a28eccb3dde6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho pretende apresentar a pesquisa desenvolvida para a dissertação de mestrado (DSA/FEC/UNICAMP), ¿As cidades que desenham Barão Geraldo¿. Trataremos do processo de formação do distrito Barão Geraldo que se configura num espaço privilegiado para entendermos a territorialização, a qualificação do espaço urbanode Campinas, cidade da qual é distrito. De cidade rural, marcada pela presença de grandes propriedades cafeeiras, numa área de afloramento basáltico, a partir da segunda metade do século 20, a área do distrito passa por um processo de diferenciação que se acelera com a implantação da Unicamp. Essa diferenciação pode ser vista como a sobreposição de várias cidades. Nossa abordagem metodológica se pauta pela busca dessas cidades, suas escalas e redes locais e regionais. Para tanto, levantamos a história do processo de territorialização do distrito até a década de 90 com os planos urbanos: O Plano Diretor do município de Campinas e o Plano Local de Gestão Urbana de Barão Geraldo (PLGU-BG), ambos de 1996. Utilizamos como metáfora dessas cidades: a cidade sanitária, a cidade universitária, a cidade tecnológica, a cidade ambiental e a cidade capitalista. Essas cidades se sobrepõe cronologicamente e sobre elas desenvolvemos uma cartografia perceptiva. Buscamos através dessa dissertação, a partir do estudo de Barão Geraldo, trazer essas várias cidades para a discussão do momento atual do planejamento urbano e ambiental / Abstract: This paper intends to present the research ¿The cities that outline Barão Geraldo¿ (¿As cidades que desenham Barão Geraldo¿), developed for the mastership degree dissertation (DSA/FEC/UNICAMP). We will deal with the process of formation of the Barão Geraldo district, located at a privileged area, to understand the territorial characteristics and the qualification of the urban zone of Campinas, a city of which Barão Geraldo is a district. From a rural town, distinguished for hosting large coffee producing agricultural properties, located at a basaltic outcropping area, the district area starts, as from the second half of the 20th century, to undergo a differentiation process which gains speed with the implantation of Unicamp. Such differentiation may be regarded as the overlapping of several cities. Our methodological approach is defined by the search for these cities, its local and regional scales and networks. For such, we researched the history of the district¿s territorial process up to the 1990s, with that decade¿s urban plans: the City of Campinas Directive Plan (¿Plano Diretor do município de Campinas¿) and the Barão Geraldo Local Plan of Urban Management (PLGU-BG, ¿Plano Local de Gestão Urbana de Barão Geraldo¿), both from 1996. We chose to use as metaphors for such cities: the sanitary city, the universitary city, the technological city, the environmental city and the real estate city. These cities chronologically superpose each other, and we developed a perceptive cartography about them. By means of this dissertation, and basde on the study of Barão Geraldo, we seek to bring these several cities into the discussion of the current moment for the urban and environmental planning / Mestrado / Saneamento e Ambiente / Mestre em Engenharia Civil