Esta dissertação apresenta resultados da pesquisa de mestrado intitulada O Programa Mais Educação: Um estudo da implantação em uma unidade escolar paulista, cujo objetivo é analisar o PME em uma escola do Estado de São Paulo. O PME foi instituído no segundo governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, por meio da Portaria Interministerial de 24 de abril de 2007, e integra as ações do Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE) lançado pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC), ao mesmo tempo em que a promulgação do Decreto nº. 6.094 instituiu o Programa de Metas Compromisso Todos pela Educação, mecanismo operacional do PDE. Tem como intuito induzir as escolas públicas de Ensino Fundamental do país à ampliação da jornada escolar e à organização curricular, na perspectiva da educação integral. A metodologia adotada para o alcance do objetivo proposto para a pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, utiliza a coleta de dados em uma unidade escolar de Ensino Fundamental, pertencente à rede municipal de São Carlos. A pesquisa dialoga com concepções expressas nos documentos orientadores do PME e com documentos legais que o estruturam na escola, além de realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com agentes responsáveis pelo programa e estudantes que o integraram. No contexto específico da escola, as limitações físicas e pedagógicas se destacaram. Verificamos a dificuldade de contratação de professores capacitados e a redução dos macrocampos. Além disso, havia necessidade de capacitação dos professores. Também, o espaço para a efetivação das atividades do programa na escola se restringiam a salas de aula, já que o local onde eram realizadas estas atividades não estava mais disponível. Aliadas a essas questões, havia a falta de integração entre o PME e a escola. Destacamos, também, a falta de interesse dos gestores municipais pelo programa, já que, não ofereciam o respaldo necessário para a sua efetivação. Apesar dos entraves na efetivação do PME, ele foi considerado, por entrevistados, uma ação positiva para os estudantes; estes por sua vez, expressaram gostar de integrar o Programa. / This masters thesis presents the results of the research entitled The Plus Education Program: A Study on the Implementation at a Scholar Unit in the State of São Paulo , whose goal is to analyze the PME in a school in the State of São Paulo. The PME was instituted at the second government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, by the Interministerial Ordinance from April 24th 2007, and integrate the actions from the Development Education Plan (PDE) launched by the Ministry of Education (MEC), at the same time that the promulgation of the Decree n°6.094 established the Targets Program All for Education, operational mechanism from PDE. It aims to induce public Elementary Schools from the whole country to extent the school day and the curriculum organization, on the perspective of comprehensive education. The adopted methodology to achieve the goal proposed for the research, that presents a qualitative nature, collects data from an Elementary School unit that belongs to the municipality of the city of São Carlos. The research dialogues with conceptions expressed at orientating documents from PME and with legal documents that structure the school, beside semi structured interviews with responsible agents from the program and students that were part of it. On the specific context of the school, the physical and pedagogical constraints stood out. We verified the difficulty on hiring trained teachers and the reduction of the macro fields. In addition, there was the necessity of training the teachers. Also, the space for the accomplishment of the activities from the program was restricted to the classroom, since the place where these activities were performed was not available anymore. Combined to these questions, there was the lack of integration between the PME and the school. We also highlight the lack of concern in the program from municipal managers, since they did not support its execution. Despite the obstacles in the implementation of the PME, it was considered by one of the interviewed a positive action for the students, who in turn, expressed to like to integrate the Program.

This diploma thesis deals with company performance assessment of MEDIN, a.s. Choosen company is analyzed according to multi-criterial model START PLUS. The final score of the company is done by this model, there are indentified company’s strenghts, areas for improvements and in conclusion of this work, there are suggested measures, which should lead to the company’s higher performance.

Heap models in the max-plus algebra are interesting dynamical systems that can be used to model a variety of tetris-like systems, such as batch flow shops for manufacturing models. Each heap in the model can be identified with a single product to manufacture. The objective is to manufacture a group of products in such an order so as to minimize the total manufacturing time. Because this scheduling problem reduces to a variation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (known to be NP-complete), the optimal solution is computationally infeasible for many real-world systems. Thus, a feasible approximation method is needed. This work builds on and expands the existing heap model in order to more effectively solve the scheduling problems. Specifically, this work:1. Further characterizes the admissible products to these systems.2. Further characterizes sets of admissible products. 3. Presents a novel algorithm, the asynchronous $t$-step approximation, to approximate these systems.4. Proves error bounds for the system approximation, and show why these error bounds are better than the existing approximation.

Loin de n’être réduit qu’à un simple système économique, le néolibéralisme est un authentique mode de gouvernement des hommes, et cela selon le seul principe du marché et de son mécanisme universel de la concurrence. Sa doctrine commande l’exercice global du pouvoir politique actuel. Notre début de XXIe siècle est aux prises avec les incidences à long terme de la mise à l’honneur des discours scientifique et capitaliste. À l’heure actuelle, nul n’est censé ignorer la loi du Marché. En diffusant et en imposant la rationalité marchande et entrepreneuriale dans les moindres domaines de l’existence humaine – santé, éducation, justice, monde universitaire, etc. –, le déploiement de l’économie de marché ne se limite plus à des sphères purement commerciales. D’une manière générale, la plus-value guide désormais toutes les économies humaines. La forme « entreprise » et la privatisation deviennent les nouveaux modèles sur lesquels se façonnent les normes de vie et d’existence, de société, mais aussi la norme subjective. L’asservissement politique aux forces du marché marque ainsi l’ensemble du champ social, du pouvoir étatique, aux institutions publiques, et jusqu’à l’individu même. Ce travail de recherche vise à démontrer que la diffusion extensive du discours néolibéral a des incidences sur le lien social et sur la subjectivité. En effet, le sujet divisé du langage s’inscrit toujours dans les discours qui l’environnent, avec un rapport renouvelé à son idéal, à sa jouissance, et à l’Autre. Nous montrerons, par l’examen critique et clinique de ces phénomènes structurants, comment ce sujet voit l’économie de ses valeurs et de son désir conditionnée par la nouvelle norme générale de la vie occidentale qui promet l’objet de jouissance parfait, dans un monde nouveau, plus libre, néo-libéral / Far from being merely a simple economic system, neoliberalism is a genuine mode of government of man, based on the sole and only principle of market guidance with its universal mechanism of competition. Its doctrine commands upon the global exercise of contemporary political power.Our societies are struggling with the long-term impact of the rise to power of the scientific and capitalist discourses. Nowadays, ignoring the laws of the Market is no excuse. Having spread and forced merchant and entrepreneurial rationality into the most remote fields of human existence – health, education, justice, university and others – the deployment of market economy is not limited to purely commercial areas anymore. Quite generally, all of mankind’s economies are now driven by the logic of gain. The enterprise as a form, along with privatisation, have become the new models upon which new norms of living and of existence, all the way down to the subjective norm, are being modeled. Political subservience to the forces of market thus leaves a mark on the whole social field : on State power, on public institutions, and on the individual themselves.The main aim of this research is to demonstrate that the extensive dissemination of the neoliberal discourse is having an impact on social ties and on subjectivity. Indeed, the divided subject of language is still inscribed in their surrounding discourses, with a renewed relation to their ideal, to their enjoyment, and to the Other. Through critical and clinical examination of these structuring processes, we will show how the economy of their values and of their desire is conditioned by the new, general norm of Western life, which promises a perfect object of enjoyment in a new, freer, neoliberal world

Denna studie undersöker hur olika graderingssätt jämförs mot företagets graderade grundliv. Undersökningen görs på uppdrag från ett svenskt modeföretag. Tidigare hade företaget en avdelning för sig med de största storlekarna, vilket togs bort för att istället slå ihop hela graderingsintervallen av storlekar till ett. Företaget har jobbat med att hitta de rätta intervallerna kring de största storlekarna och tyckte därför det vore intressant att jämföra sin gradering mot andra graderingssätt med deras grundliv som utgångspunkt. Metoder som har använts i denna studie har varit gradering, jämförelse av mönster och 3D simulering i Lectras programvaror Modaris, 3D prototyping och KaledoStyle. Uppsydda prover har även provats av på docka, person och avatar i storlek 50 samt analyserats och utvärderats efter ett avprovningsprotokoll. Studiens resultat visar att graderingen från företagets grund är jämförbar med det andra graderingssättet i övervägande koordinater. Det som skiljer dem markant åt är axelns längdgradering i de största storlekarna. Där har företaget valt att stanna av sin gradering, vilket de andra graderingssätten inte gör. De andra graderingssätten följer den data som finns tillgänglig kring kroppsmått och axelns ökning i de olika storlekarna. / This study examine how a grading system are compared to the company’s graded base pattern. The study is an assignment on a Swedish fashion company. The company used to have a section for plus-sizes in their clothing line, but decided to remove it. Instead, they merge the whole grading system into one. They have tried to find the right intervals of grading in the biggest sizes, which makes it interesting to compare their grading to other grading systems. The methods used in this study are grading, comparison of patterns and 3D prototyping in Lectra Softweares Modaris, 3D prototyping and KaledoStyle. Sewn samples have been fitted in size 50 and analyzed by a test protocol. The result of the study shows that the grading system from the company is comparable with the other grading system. The most distinct part that separates the grading systems is the shoulder length in the bigger sizes. The company has chosen to stop their grading, which the other grading system does not. The other grading system follows dada where body measurements are established.

Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the effectiveness of using a 37% phosphoric acid liquid etchant along with MI Paste Plus™ powered technology compared to using MI Paste Plus™ alone or to an artificially created saliva solution in decreasing the demineralization and enhancing the remineralization of artificial carious lesions created on extracted human teeth. The teeth were analyzed and compared using polarized light microscopy, quantitative light-induced fluorescence, and digital photography. Materials and Methods: One hundred three recently extracted non-carious human third molar teeth without observable white-spot lesions, decalcification, or dental fluorosis were selected for this twelve day study and randomly divided into four treatment groups as follows: Group 1 (Control) - Artificial saliva solution (27 teeth) Group 2 (MIP) - MI Paste Plus™ application for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (26 teeth) Group 3 (15MIP) - 15 second etch every third day and MI Paste Plus™ application for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (25 teeth) Group 4 (1MIP) - 1 minute etch on day one ONLY and application of MI Paste Plus™ for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (25 teeth). Results: Results of one<–>way ANOVA revealed there was a significant effect for the type of treatment on the lesion depth (p = 0.0027). The post-hoc Tukey-Kramer's test indicated there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (15MIP and 1MIP) that incorporated an acid etch in combination with MI Paste Plus™ and the group with exposure to MI Paste Plus™ alone (MIP). In addition, results of one<–>way ANOVA showed that there was no statistically significant effect for type of treatment on the change in fluorescence (p = 0.1417) or the change in density (p = 0.1934). Conclusions: The results of the present study revealed there was a significant effect for the type of treatment on the lesion depth (p = 0.0027). However, the only significant difference found was between the two groups (15MIP and 1MIP) that incorporated an acid etch in combination with MI Paste Plus™ and the group with exposure to MI Paste Plus™ alone (MIP). Thus, daily applications of MI Paste Plus™, with or without an acid etch, did not produce a statistically significant difference in mean lesion depth when compared to the control (artificial saliva group). In addition, the results of the present study showed that there was no statistically significant effect for type of treatment on the change in fluorescence (p = 0.1417) or the change in density (p = 0.1934). Further research is needed to evaluate MI Paste Plus™ capability in prevention of demineralization and/or enhancement of remineralization by conducting randomized clinical trials.

This work explores the use of hydroinformatics tools to provide a user friendly and accessible interface for executing and visualizing the output of distributed hydrological models for Iowa. It uses an IFIS-based web environment for graphical displays and it communicates with the ASYNCH ODE solver to provide input parameters and to gather modeling outputs. The distributed hydrologic models used here are based on the segmentation of the terrain into hillslope-link hydrologic units, for which water flow processes are represented by sets of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. This modeling strategy has shown promising results in in modeling extreme flood events in the state of Iowa – USA. The usage and evaluation of outputs from hillslope-link models (HLM) has been limited to a restrict group of academics due to the demand of high processing capability and the number of customized tools needed to visualize model outputs. HLM-based models provide abundant output information on rainfall-runoff processes of the hydrological cycle, including estimates of discharge for all streams in the state of Iowa, and for all conceptual vertical layers of water storage in soils. The interfaces and methodologies developed in this thesis respond to the constant demand for communicating effectively water-related information from academic communities to the public using hydroinformatics tools to provide an accessible portal to the information generated by complex hydrological models. It also facilitates model development and evaluation by allowing rapid development of what-if scenarios. This work represents a significant advance in this direction, and the results have been made publicly available online under the URL http://ifis.iowafloodcenter.org/ifis/sc/modelplus/.

In recent years, the salience of obesity and body image in society has given rise to a "fat activist" movement dedicated to defending non-normative body types. This activism has extended to the online environment, in which groups who are ostracized from the traditional realm have taken to blogging as a form of resistance and expression. The term "fat" has been reclaimed by the movement as a term of emancipation and defiance. The so-called "fatshion" blogs have a growing audience, and there is a burgeoning scholarly literature on this phenomenon. The aim of this research was to investigate college-aged females who identify as "fat," who may or may not have been exposed to the online fatshion (fat fashion) market or blogs. Are these blogs being used as resources for these women? Do they even know these websites exist? Thus, the aim of this study was to discover what the current fashion sector is like for those who may not participate as heavily within these communities. The main objective of this study was to find how plus-size women's fashion choices are shaped by the dominant discourses of the body and how this, in turn, influences their shopping experiences. By conducting semi-structured interviews along with participants filling out a small questionnaire, an in-depth look at the personal thoughts and feelings of fat women outside of this movement was explored. Fatshion was studied through four theoretical lenses: as a counter-discourse, as a place for identity construction, as a mode of gender performativity, and how fatshion is informed by intersectionality of race, class, and gender. Based on the interview data, the study found that the messages found on fatshion blogs have the potential to spark opposition in ways that mobilize a more positive self-image as well as nonconformist self-presentations through a heightened awareness of the possibilities for opposing dominant ideologies.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la statistique non paramétrique et porte sur la classification et la discrimination en grande dimension, et plus particulièrement sur la sélection de variables. Une première partie traite de la sélection de variables à travers CART, dans un cadre de régression et de classification binaire. La procédure exhaustive développée s'appuie sur le principe de la sélection de modèle qui permet d'obtenir des inégalités ``oracle'' et de réaliser la sélection de variables par contraste pénalisé. Une seconde partie est motivée par un problème industriel. Il s'agit de déterminer parmi les signaux temporels, mesurés au cours d'essais, ceux capables d'expliquer le ressenti de confort du conducteur, puis d'identifier les pages temporelles responsables de cette pertinence. La démarche adoptée s'articule autour du prétraitement des signaux, de la réduction de la dimension par projection dans une base d'ondelettes commune, et de la sélection de variables en mêlant CART et une stratégie pas à pas. Une dernière partie aborde le thème de la classification de données fonctionnelles au moyen des k-plus proches voisins. La procédure consiste à appliquer les k-plus proches voisins sur les coordonnées de la projection des données dans un espace fini dimensionnel. Cette procédure implique de déterminer simultanément la dimension de l'espace de projection et le nombre de voisins. La version usuelle des k-plus proches voisins et une version légèrement pénalisée sont considérées théoriquement. Un travail sur données réelles et simulées semble montrer qu'un faible terme de pénalité stabilise la sélection en conservant de bonnes performances.