La présence de cassures double-brin de l'ADN en mitose est problématique pour les cellules, car cette situation produit des fragments de chromosome ne possédant pas de centromères. En l'absence d'un mécanisme permettant leur prise en charge, ces fragments acentriques n'étant pas attachés au fuseau mitotique, pourraient être ségrégés aléatoirement dans les cellules filles, causant de l'instabilité génomique. Nous avons découvert un mécanisme permettant la transmission correcte des fragments acentriques dans les cellules filles via une structure faisant le lien entre les deux fragments cassés. Plusieurs protéines sont recrutées sur les cassures, comme les kinases mitotiques BubR1 et Polo, et favorisent la ségrégation correcte de ces chromosomes cassés. Cependant, les mécanismes permettant le recrutement de BubR1 et Polo sur les cassures d'ADN en mitose sont inconnus. De plus, les mécanismes moléculaires par lesquels BubR1 et Polo favorisent la ségrégation correcte des fragments acentriques restent à être identifiés. La première partie de mon projet a été d'étudier le rôle et la régulation de BubR1 sur les cassures d'ADN pendant la mitose. Nous avons montré que BubR1 requiert Bub3 pour se localiser sur les chromosomes cassés afin de favoriser leur ségrégation correcte. Nous avons également détecté l'accumulation de FizzyCDC20, un cofacteur de l'E3 ubiquitine ligase APC/C (Anaphase-Promoting- Complex/Cyclosome), sur les cassures d'ADN, et son recrutement dépend de son interaction avec la KEN Box de BubR1. De plus, l'utilisation d'un substrat synthétique de l'APC/C nous a permis de démontrer que la dégradation par l'APC/C est inhibée localement autour du chromosome cassé, de manière dépendante de BubR1. Ces résultats suggèrent fortement que le complexe BubR1/Bub3 recrut é sur les cassures d'ADN inhibe localement l'APC/C en séquestrant FizzyCDC20 et empêche ainsi la dégradation de substrats clefs impliqués dans la ségrégation correcte des chromosomes cassés. La seconde partie de mon projet a été d'étudier les relations d'interdépendance entre Polo et BubR1/Bub3/Fizzy sur les cassures d'ADN en mitose. Nous avons utilisé un laser UV pulsé pour induire des cassures dans un chromosome à un instant précis pendant la mitose, puis nous avons suivi le recrutement de protéines tagguées GFP sur les cassures de chromosome. Cette étude révèle que Polo est rapidement recrutée sur les cassures d'ADN et précède BubR1, Bub3 et Fizzy. De plus, la disparition de BubR1, Bub3 et Fizzy des cassures d'ADN coïncide avec la télophase alors que Polo disparait des cassures pendant l'interphase. Nous avons également montré que le recrutement de BubR1, Bub3 et Fizzy sur les cassures d'ADN est retardé dans les mutants polo, indiquant que Polo est requis pour un recrutement efficace de BubR1, Bub3 et Fizzy sur les cassures d'ADN. Pour finir, nous avons montré que l'accumulation de Polo et BubR1/Bub3/Fizzy sur les cassures d'ADN dépend de deux composants de la réponse aux dommages à l'ADN, le complexe MRN (Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1) et ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated). Ce travail a permis d'avoir une meilleure compréhension sur la dynamique de recrutement de Polo et BubR1/Bub3/Fizzy sur les cassures d'ADN en mitose. De plus, le mécanisme moléculaire par lequel le complexe BubR1/Bub3 agit pour faciliter la ségrégation des chromosomes cassés a pu être en partie élucidé. / The presence of DNA double strand breaks (DSB) during mitosis is challenging for the cell, as it produces fragments of chromosome lacking a centromere. If not processed, this situation can cause genomic instability resulting in improper segregation of the broken fragments into daughter cells. We uncovered a mechanism by which broken chromosomes are faithfully transmitted to daughter cells via the tethering of the two broken chromosome ends. Several proteins including the mitotic kinase BubR1 and Polo are recruited to the breaks and mediate the proper segregation of the broken fragments. However, the mechanism underlying Polo and BubR1 recruitment to DNA breaks is unknown. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms by which Polo and BubR1 mediate the proper segregation of the broken fragments remain to be elucidated. We first investigated the role and regulation of BubR1 on DNA breaks during mitosis. We show that BubR1 requires Bub3 to localize on the broken chromosome fragment and to mediate its proper segregation. We also find that FizzyCdc20, a co--‐factor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Anaphase--‐Promoting--‐Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), accumulates on DNA breaks in a BubR1 KEN box--‐dependent manner. A biosensor for APC/C activity demonstrates a BubR1--‐dependent local inhibition of APC/C around the segregating broken chromosome. These results are consistent with a model where Bub3/BubR1 complex on DNA breaks functions to inhibit the APC/C locally via the sequestration of FizzyCdc20, thus preserving key substrates from degradation, which promotes proper transmission of broken chromosomes. In a second study, we investigated the dependency relationship between Polo and BubR1/Bub3/Fizzy on DNA breaks in mitosis. We used a pulsed UV laser to break one chromosome at a define time during mitosis. We immediately follow the recruitment of GFP--‐tagged proteins to laser--‐induced DNA breaks. My study reveals that Polo is promptly recruited to DNA breaks and precedes BubR1, Bub3 and Fizzy. In addition, while BubR1, Bub3 and Fizzy dissociation from the breaks coincide with telophase and the nuclear envelope reformation, Polo remains on the breaks well into interphase. We further show that the appearance of BubR1, Bub3 and Fizzy on DNA breaks is delayed in polo mutant, indicating that Polo is required for the robust and efficient recruitment of BubR1, Bub3 and Fizzy to DNA breaks. Finally, the timely accumulation of Polo, BubR1 and Bub3 to DNA breaks depends on two components of the DNA Damage Response, the MRN complex (Mre11--‐Rad50--‐Nbs1) and ATM (ataxia--‐telangiectasia mutated). This work gives us a better understanding on how Polo and BubR1, Bub3 and FizzyCdc20 are recruited to DNA breaks in mitosis and how they promote broken chromosomes segregation.

No description available.

The purpose of this study is to examine how members of the Oregon State University polo team negotiate aspects of their social identity. Over the course of the 2011-2012 school year, 15 interviews and 30 hours of observations were conducted. From the data, five overarching themes were identified: inclusion as a motivation to join the club, perceived stereotypes associated with polo, levels of self-presentation when discussing identity, hierarchy within the club structure, and the perceived future connection with the social identity as an OSU polo club member. Discussion of the themes include applications to Ting-Toomey's identity negotiation theory and Picket and Brewer's ingroup inclusion and exclusion concepts. This study also provides recommendations based on the findings in order to promote competent identity negotiation amongst the members. / Graduation date: 2013

Submitted by Alane dos Santos Viana (alane.viana@ucsal.br) on 2017-06-08T14:14:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOELINEBARRETO.pdf: 8767551 bytes, checksum: 8b2067f5b9c2a43831e067f353a17a86 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-06-08T20:01:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOELINEBARRETO.pdf: 8767551 bytes, checksum: 8b2067f5b9c2a43831e067f353a17a86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-08T20:01:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOELINEBARRETO.pdf: 8767551 bytes, checksum: 8b2067f5b9c2a43831e067f353a17a86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / O estabelecimento de um padrão urbano-industrial de aceleração de crescimento econômico da década de 1970, assegurado pela junção dos municípios com planejamento integrado em Regiões Metropolitana (RM) em 1973, conduziu a urbanização dos espaços com características locais diferentes. Esta tendência de homogeneização urbana-industrial transformou a dinâmica territorial de Dias d´Ávila. O território de Dias d´Ávila, localizado no melhor aquífero do Recôncavo Baiano, possuía sua identidade centralizada nas suas águas e as atividades econômicas ligadas à esta centralidade. No processo de aceleração de crescimento com a implantação de um polo de crescimento na Bahia, o Complexo Petroquímico de Camaçari (COPEC), a identidade territorial de Dias d´Ávila foi desconstruída. Decorridos 39 anos desta implantação, o COPEC, a partir dos anos 2000, passou a ter um padrão mais diversificado, sendo denominado de Polo Industrial de Camaçari (PIC), mas, Dias d´Ávila ainda possui desafios a serem enfrentados. Nesse estudo podem ser constatados, as transformações na territorialização histórica em Dias d´Ávila, a destituição de uma identidade subjetiva com as águas, as transformações ocorridas com a expansão urbana no processo de urbanização industrial, o padrão urbano-ambiental decorrente desta expansão, o padrão da ocupação territorial, evidencia também, as principais tensões ocorridas por uma gestão metropolitana debilitante, assim como, o surgimento do Polo Empresarial Governador César Borges (PEGCB) surgido por pressão urbano-industrial imposta pela metropolização em busca de constituir uma nova identidade local industrial. / The establishment of an urban-industrial pattern of accelerated economic growth of the 1970s, ensured by the merging of municipalities with integrated planning in the Metropolitan Regions (RM) in 1973, led to the urbanization of spaces with different local characteristics. This trend of urban-industrial homogenization transformed the territorial dynamics of Dias d'Ávila. The territory of Dias d'Ávila, located in the best aquifer of the Recôncavo Baiano, had its identity centralized in its waters and the economic activities linked to this centrality. In the process of acceleration of growth with the implementation of a growth pole in Bahia, the Complexo Petroquímico of Camaçari (COPEC), the territorial identity of Dias d'Ávila was deconstructed. After 39 years of implementation, COPEC, since 2000, started to have a more diversified pattern, being called the Polo Industrial of Camaçari (PIC), but Dias d'Ávila still has challenges to be faced. In this study we can see the transformations in the historical territorialization in Dias d'Ávila, the removal of a subjective identity with the waters, the transformations that occurred with the urban expansion in the industrial urbanization process, the urban-environmental pattern resulting from this expansion, the Territorial tensions, as well as, the emergent of the Polo Empresarial Governador César Borges (PEGCB) arising from urban-industrial pressure imposed by metropolization in order to constitute a new Local industrial identity.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:53:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO SYLVANIO.pdf: 564476 bytes, checksum: 7c9b5f89a3083023e59a9597d6bf4d45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-28 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / As indústrias do PIM, pela sua natureza são intensivas em capital, e por conta disto tem investido algumas somas de recursos em novas tecnologias na tentativa de ampliar o seu mercado nacional e internacional. Nesses mercados, algumas empresas, nos últimos anos, têm internacionalizado parcela considerável de sua produção em mercado latino-americano e americano. A produção eletroeletrônica e de transporte de duas rodas (motocicletas) têm predominado na pauta de exportação. Por conta dessa abertura de comércio justifica-se diagnosticar a sua repercussão no esforço de exportação, na demanda por mão-de-obra qualificada e em investimento no segmento de motocicletas do Pólo Industrial de Manaus. Em termos específicos: a) dimensionar o volume de capital investido em máquinas e equipamentos; b) Analisar o nível de instrução da demanda de trabalho; e c) estudar o comportamento do preço final de produtos de maior penetração no mercado internacional e seu quantum por market-share. O marco teórico pauta-se nas principais explicações sobre a importância do comércio internacional para o desenvolvimento de países emergentes, subsidiadas pelas teorias mais importantes que embasam o comércio internacional em qualquer dimensão especial. Nesta perspectiva cuida-se de exemplificar alguns traços da História Econômica de alguns países desenvolvidos e emergentes, ressaltando, principalmente, o crescimento de suas exportações como fator decisivo para o alcance do desenvolvimento econômico. O Método Analítico baseia-se na tentativa de estabelecer uma correlação entre reestruturação produtiva e o crescimento das exportações, a partir do comportamento evolutivo das exportações. Essa análise leva a exprimir o estado gravitacional do destino das exportações. Os resultados mostram que o crescimento do volume de exportação está associado a uma combinação de fatores de ordem econômica e institucional. No plano econômico, além da abertura econômica, o fator fundamental foi a ampliação dos investimentos em máquinas e equipamentos, contratação de trabalho com acúmulo de 11 anos de estudos, de modo que possibilitou o lançamento de novos produtos com maior intensidade tecnológica capazes de competir no mercado. Esse esforço exportador convergiu com a demanda originária de países próximos ao Amazonas, ou seja, por conta do efeito gravitacional prevaleceu na pauta de exportação da indústria de duas rodas países da América Latina tais como: Argentina, Colômbia, Peru, Venezuela, e na América do Norte, sobressai os Estados Unidos. No plano institucional foram importantes os programas de estímulo as exportações do Governo Federal e a desburocratização. Conclui-se que o crescimento das exportações da indústria de duas rodas no âmbito da abertura do mercado brasileiro tem forte correlação com a intensidade de investimento em capital, ampliação da plantas de produção, demanda de mão-de-obra com maiores níveis de escolaridade, enfim, o crescimento do próprio mercado internacional.

Le sujet de la thèse est la Version Catalane (K) du Devisement du Monde de Marco Polo. Rédaction abrégée, K est conservée dans une copie catalane Kc (Florence Ricc. 2048), une traduction française Kf (Rome, Bibliothèque du Vatican, Ott. Lat. 2207) et une traduction aragonaise Ka (Madrid, Escorial, Z. I. 2). La thèse présente une introduction en cinq chapitres. Le premier contient la description des manuscrits; le deuxième chapitre développe un stemma codicum, démontre l’existence de l’archétype Kx, en définit les erreurs et la langue. Le troisième chapitre se penche sur les erreurs de traduction et montre la descendance franco-italienne de la Version K. Le quatrième chapitre étudie K comme une version résumée, en mettant en relief les lacunes sur la base d’une comparaison avec la version de référence F (Paris, BNF, fr. 1116). Le cinquième chapitre, enfin, propose la localisation de K dans le stemma codicum général de l’œuvre. Ensuite, la thèse présente l’édition des trois témoins Kc, Kf et Ka, chacune accompagnée d’une analyse linguistique. La thèse se termine par la traduction critique en français de la Version K. / The issue of the thesis is the Catalan Version (K) of the Devisement du Monde by Marco Polo. An abbreviated version, K is preserved in a Catalan copy called Kc (Florence, Ricc. 2048), a French translation named Kf (Rome, Vatican Library, Ott. lat. 2207) and an Aragonese translation called Ka (Madrid, Escorial, Z. I. 2). The thesis presents an introduction divided into five chapters. The first chapter contains the description of the manuscripts; the second chapter develops a stemma codicum, identifies the archetype Kx and defines its errors and language. The third chapter focuses on the translation mistakes, which demonstrate that the Catalan version had a Franco-Italian model. The fourth chapter studies K as text summary, highlighting its gaps on the basis of a comparison with the reference version F (Paris, BNF, fr. 1116). The fifth chapter, finally, proposes a localization of K in the general stemma codicum of the work. After the introduction, the thesis presents the edition of the three copies, each one accompanied by a linguistic analysis. The thesis ends with the critical translation, in modern French, of the Catalan Version K.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:40:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo717_1.pdf: 1985659 bytes, checksum: 1e52d87980c2ffbc7ae697144908f381 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Este trabalho apresenta uma análise do Polo de Confecções do Agreste Pernambucano, com base na percepção dos empresários da região e dos consumidores, identificando as suas potencialidades e fragilidades. Além disso, foi realizado um estudo de caracterização socioeconômica dos municípios que integram o polo, como também um breve levantamento histórico dos seus três principais municípios (Caruaru, Santa Cruz do Capibaribe e Toritama). Na sequência, através da tabulação das opiniões dos empresários com relação a estratégias de consolidação do Arranjo Produtivo Local de Confecção no Agreste Pernambucano, foi possível calcular índices que auxiliaram no desenvolvimento deste trabalho, como Índice de Inovação Organizacional, Índice de Inovação em Marketing, Índice de Inovação de Produtos e Processos e Índice de Novos Materiais. Por fim, foram tabuladas as opiniões dos consumidores com o objetivo de identificar o perfil sócio demográfico dos compradores; as características e o destino das compras feitas no polo; e a avaliação do polo elencando seus pontos positivos e negativos

No description available.

Recent research has highlighted that information-movement couplings are unique to the constraints of the task, environment and performer. This recent research implies that skills should be developed in practice environments that are reflective of those found in competition. Representative environments should also allow the performer to attune to specifying information essential for success of a skill. However, in water polo, shooting practice is often conducted without the presence of a goalkeeper or defender. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of game-specific task constraints on the ball speed, accuracy and technique of the water polo shot. Ten male competitive level water polo players performed a total of forty shots comprising ten shots in each of four conditions from the 4m-penalty line. Conditions included all combinations of goalkeeper and defender (absent or present). Three Sony mini-digital cameras (50Hz) were placed perpendicular to the movement, giving rear, overhead and a right sagittal view. Ball speed was measured using a Radar-gun (Stalker Pro, USA). For each condition, means and standard deviations were determined for all outcome measures (shooting accuracy and ball speed) and technique variables. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effect (p<0.05) of the goalkeeper and defender individually as well as in combination on the dependent variables. Cohen's effect sizes were also used to determine the magnitude of the difference between conditions. The presence of a defender resulted in a significant increase in lateral trunk flexion at ball release, decreased the duration of the shot and selected swing sub-phases (i.e. pick-up to top of back swing time) and significantly altered the placement of the ball in the goal. When the goalkeeper only was present, this resulted in decreases in total shot time and pick-up to top of back swing time and significantly altered the placement of the ball in the goal. The presence of the defender and goalkeeper in combination brought about a moderate effect, decreasing the ball speed, significantly decreasing the success of the shots, scores achieved and significantly altering the placement of shots. Forward swing distance and selected swing sub-phases (i.e. total shot time, pick-up to top of back swing time, forward swing start to midway and forward swing start to release) were also significantly decreased in the presence of the defender and goalkeeper. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining appropriate task constraints during water polo shooting practice. In effect the removal of the defender and goalkeeper leads to the development of inappropriate information-movement couplings. Specifically, the presence of the defender and/or goalkeeper lead to reductions in the durations of selected swing sub phases, resulting in changes in the relative coordination and timing of the water polo shot. These findings indicate that in order to facilitate the development of this specific shooting skill, coaches should structure practice to replicate the perceptual information available during competition.

No description available.