Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-15T11:55:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabel Cristina Solano Guerra.pdf: 942122 bytes, checksum: 5683fa570313b58392de0fb4c7778348 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T11:55:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabel Cristina Solano Guerra.pdf: 942122 bytes, checksum: 5683fa570313b58392de0fb4c7778348 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to partially characterize the oxidative enzymes and quantify the phenolic compounds in fruits of three cultivars of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.) on maturation and mature green, installed in the Active Germplasm Bank of the Agricultural Research Company of Pernambuco - IPA. We used green and ripe fruits of genotypes IPA 2.1, IPA4.1 and IPA 6.1 with hard shell and, respectively, totally green and yellow coloring. After collection the fruits were transported, washed, sanitized and separated into: peel and pulp. Were determined soluble solids (SST), titratable acidity (ATT), pH and total phenolics. Then the crude extract was obtained using EDTA, CaCl2 and PEG 10,000 and the activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were determined, as well as the quantification of soluble proteins. With the maturation of fruits were found to be a decrease in phenolic content and levels of ATT, an increased content of soluble solids and pH remained stable at various stages of pulp for genotype IPA 2.1 and IPA 4.1, while in There was a IPA 6.1 increase in pH during ripening. In caja fruit in both peel into the pulp in mature stage showed higher POD enzyme activity in the green maturity stage. Between average PPO activity in fruit peel and pulp of genotypes cajazeira in both maturity stages showed a significant difference, with higher activity in the bark, except for genotype IPA 4.1 green. Among the genotypes at maturity, which showed higher enzymatic activity for POD and PPO in the whole peel and pulp was IPA 6.1, except for genotype IPA 4.1 green. Through partial characterization of the pulp of genotype IPA 6.1 has been obtained the optimal pH and temperature of the enzymes POD and PPO, respectively, pH 7.0 and 50 ° C, pH 9.0 and 60 ° C. Both enzymes were stable at various pHs, from acidic and basic, keeping 100% of residual activity after 180 minutes. While the temperatures studied for the POD retained 100% of residual activity after 10 minutes and PPO showed relatively stable temperatures studied, maintaining 50% residual activity after 10 minutes at 90 ° C. The profile for POD and PPO enzyme obtained with the crude extract of the ripe pulp of genotype IPA 6.1 suggests the presence of isoforms. / Este estudo objetivou caracterizar parcialmente as enzimas oxidativas e quantificar os compostos fenólicos em frutos de três genótipos de cajazeira (Spondias mombin L.) nos estádios de maturação verde e maduro, instalados no Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária – IPA. Foram utilizados frutos verdes e maduros dos genótipos IPA 2.1, IPA 4.1 e IPA 6.1 com casca rígida e, respectivamente, de coloração totalmente verde e amarela. Após a coleta os frutos foram transportados, lavados, sanitizados e separados em: casca e polpa. Foram determinados os sólidos solúveis totais (SST), a acidez total titulável (ATT), o pH e os compostos fenólicos totais. Em seguida, o extrato bruto foi obtido utilizando-se EDTA, CaCl2 e PEG 10.000 e as atividades das enzimas peroxidase (POD) e polifenoloxidase (PPO) foram determinadas, como também a quantificação de proteínas solúveis. Com a maturação dos frutos detectou-se uma diminuição no teor de compostos fenólicos e nos teores de ATT, um aumento no conteúdo dos sólidos solúveis totais e o pH manteve-se estável nos diferentes estádios para polpa do IPA 2.1 e 4.1 , enquanto no genótipo IPA 6.1 houve um aumento no pH durante o amadurecimento. Em frutos de cajá tanto na casca quanto na polpa no estádio de maturação maduro a enzima POD apresentou maior atividade que no estádio de maturação verde. Entre as médias da atividade da PPO em casca e polpa dos frutos dos genótipos de cajazeira em ambos os estádios de maturação apresentou diferença significativa, com maior atividade nas cascas, exceto para o genótipo IPA 4.1 verde. Dentre os genótipos no estádio maduro, o que apresentou maior atividade enzimática para POD e PPO no conjunto casca e polpa foi o IPA 6.1, exceto para o genótipo IPA 4.1 verde. Através da caracterização parcial da polpa do genótipo IPA 6.1 foi obtido o pH e temperatura ótima das enzimas POD e PPO, respectivamente, pH 7,0 e 50ºC; pH 9,0 e 60ºC. Ambas as enzimas mostraram-se estáveis a vários pHs , entre ácidos e básicos, mantendo-se 100% de atividade residual após 180 minutos. Enquanto nas temperaturas estudadas, para a POD manteve 100% de atividade residual após 10 minutos e para PPO apresentou-se relativamente estável nas temperaturas estudadas, mantendo atividade residual de 50% após 10 minutos a 90ºC. O perfil enzimático para POD e PPO obtido com o extrato bruto da polpa madura do genótipo IPA 6.1 sugere a presença de isoformas.

Plants inherently produce polyphenols (i.e., antioxidants) as a response to reduce oxidative stress caused by abusive environmental pre- and postharvest conditions. These antioxidants, as well as vitamin C, are present in considerable levels in strawberries; however, excessive oxidative stress brought on by improper postharvest handling conditions can reduce the levels of antioxidants in the fruit and shorten the shelf-life of strawberries. Nevertheless, it may be possible to utilize strawberry’s naturally occurring polyphenols to reduce postharvest stress and extend their shelf life. The polyphenolic profile has been previously investigated in several strawberry cultivars, however no studies have determined the unique polyphenolic profiles of three important Florida strawberry cultivars (‘Florida Radiance’, Sweet Sensation® ‘Florida 127’and ‘Florida Beauty’) at harvest and during cold storage. Therefore, in order to better understand the distribution of individual polyphenols within these cultivars and their impact on postharvest shelf-life, this study examined the polyphenolic profiles throughout 7 days of cold storage (1 °C) using an HPLC-DAD. The activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyphenols, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), the enzyme responsible for polyphenol degradation, were also examined during cold storage to understand their possible influences on postharvest synthesis or degradation of polyphenols. This study revealed that the polyphenolic profile of strawberry fruit was genotype dependent; however, pelargonidin 3-glucoside was consistently the anthocyanin found in higher concentrations in the fruit regardless of the cultivar. Apart from the anthocyanins, the flavonols showed the most variation among the three cultivars. PAL was slightly induced during strawberry postharvest storage suggesting that a stress response occurred during cold storage while PPO showed variable induction patterns across all three cultivars most likely due to their different polyphenol profiles. Analysis of the distribution of polyphenols in the cortex and pith of strawberries showed that polyphenols were mostly concentrated in the cortex of the fruit and that the concentration of individual polyphenol in each fruit tissue varied by cultivar. These results indicate that the oxidative stress response varies in each of the strawberry cultivars studied contributing to their unique polyphenolic profile. Results from this study can ultimately help to identify the polyphenols and enzymes related to superior postharvest quality in future studies.

Thiophene ended poly(ethylene oxide) (ThPEO) and random copolymer (RPEO) of 3-methylthienyl methacrylate and p-vinylbenzyloxy poly (ethyleneoxide) units were synthesized chemically. Further graft copolymerization of RPEO and ThPEO with pyrrole (Py) and thiophene (Th) were achieved in H2O - sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), H2O - p-toluenesulphonic acid (PTSA) and acetonitrile (AN) - tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBAFB) solvent electrolyte couples via constant potential electrolyses. Characterizations were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphologies of the films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Conductivities of the samples were measured by using four-probe technique. Moreover, spectroelectrochemical and electrochromic properties of the copolymers obtained from thiophene were investigated by UV-Vis spectrometry and colorimetry. . Immobilizations of alcohol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes were performed in the matrices obtained via copolymerization of ThPEO and RPEO with pyrrole. Immobilization was carried out via entrapment of enzyme in matrices during the polymerization of pyrrole. Temperature optimization, operational stability and shelf-life of the enzyme electrodes were investigated. Maximum reaction rate (Vmax) and Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) were determined. It is known that wine includes phenolic groups that give astringency in high concentrations. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) converts mono and diphenols to quinone. By analyzing the product, one can find out the amount of phenolic groups. By using the enzyme electrodes via immobilization of PPO, amount of phenolics in different wines were analyzed.

Polyphenol oxidases are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of certain phenolic substrates to quinones in the presence of molecular oxygen. Polyphenol oxidases are widely used in several applications. In food industry, they are used for enhancement of flavor in coffee, tea and cocoa production, and determination of food quality. In medicine, they have several uses in treatments of Parkinson&rsquo / s disease, phenlyketonurea and leukemia. In wastewater treatment, they are used for the removal of phenolic pollutants from wastewaters. In pharmaceutical industry, differentiation of morphine from codeine is possible by means of polyphenol oxidase immobilized electrodes. In this study, a thermophilic fungus, Thermomyces lanuginosus was evaluated in terms of poyphenol oxidase production. The effect of different nutrient sources, inducers and fermentation parameters on enzyme production were investigated and maximum PPO activity of 97 U/ml was observed in bioreactor experiments at 50&deg / C, 400 rpm and pH 8.0 in a fermentation medium containing 1.4% yeast extract, 0.3% MgSO4, 1% KH2PO4, 0.003% CuSO4, 0.032% gallic acid. Type of polyphenol oxidase produced by Thermomyces lanuginosus was determined as laccase. For biochemical characterization studies, the enzyme was enriched by electrophoresis. Temperature and pH optima for the enzyme were determined as 60&deg / C and 8.0, respectively. Enzyme retained 67% activity after 1 h incubation at 80&deg / C and retained 87% of its activity after 1 hour of incubation at pH 9.0 at room temperature. The enzyme obeys Michealis-Menten kinetics with Km and Vmax values being 5 mg /ml catechol and 38 U/ml, respectively. Molecular weight of the enzyme was determined as 29 kDa and isoelectric point of enzyme was found to be approximately 6.0.

In this study, the aim was to find an economical plant source for polyphenol oxidase (PPO) production as an alternative to mushroom and possible application areas by characterization and immobilization of the PPOs. For this purpose, tissues of various plants of no commercial value were screened for their PPO activities. Mulberry leaf tissues showed the highest PPO activity against 4-methyl catechol which was comparable to that of mushroom. Average Km and Vmax values of free mulberry leaf PPOs were found as 7 mM and 218 U/ml, respectively. Mulberry leaf PPOs were immobilized in a polypyrole matrix and the Km and Vmax values of immobilized PPOs were calculated as 35 mM and 3 U/ml, respectively. Mulberry leaf PPO was the most active at 45&deg / C and pH 7. By using electrophoretic analysis, laccase and catechol oxidase type activities of PPOs and in addition, peroxidase activity were detected. Molecular weights of laccase, peroxidase and catechol oxidase were found to be about 62, 64 and 62-64 kDa, with pI values of 8.0-8.5, 4.5 and 10, sequentially.

A new thiophene derivative containing menthyl group (MM) was synthesized and polymerized via chemical and electrochemical methods. Polymers obtained and MM itself were used to synthesize copolymers with pyrrole under conditions of constant potential electrolysis. Cyclic Voltammetry, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed for the characterization of samples. Immobilization of invertase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes was performed in the matrices obtained via copolymerization of MM with pyrrole. Immobilization was carried out via entrapment of enzyme in matrices during the polymerization of pyrrole. Temperature optimization, operational stability and shelf-life of the enzyme electrodes were investigated. Maximum reaction rate (Vmax) and Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) were determined. It is known that wine includes phenolic groups that give astringency in high concentrations. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) converts mono and diphenols to quinone. By analyzing the product, one can find out the amount of phenolic groups. By using obtained enzyme electrodes via immobilization of PPO, amount of phenolics in different wines were analyzed.

Master of Science / Food Science Institute - Animal Sciences & Industry / Fadi M. Aramouni / Sweet potatoes are a significant crop and are popular among consumers, particularly as french fries. Because the processing steps of making white potato french fries may be detrimental to the quality of a sweet potato fry, it is important to understand the impact of processing on quality and consumer acceptability. The variety of sweet potatoes can affect the texture, appearance, and consumer preference. Peeling processes have evolved from harsh lye treatments to more quick and efficient methods such as steam peeling. Blanching is one of the most important steps because it deactivates enzymes, including polyphenol oxidase and amylases, that affect texture and appearance. While hot water blanching is used by majority of french fry manufacturers, novel techniques like microwave blanching may be similarly effective and less detrimental to the texture and nutritional composition. Time and temperature of the blanching method can affect the texture and flavor by weakening cell walls and leaching sugars. Drying of sweet potato fries prepares the product prior to frying. Drying drives moisture off and allows the starch on the surface of the fries to gelatinize. Many types of dryers, including vacuum, hot air, and fluidized bed, have been evaluated for the rate of moisture loss and final product texture. Drying should not be done too quickly because case hardening will occur and make the product have a tough and chewy bite. Frying uses oil at elevated temperatures to develop color, flavor, and a crispy external texture. The type of oil, oil temperature, and time of frying will affect the finished product attributes. Low oil temperature may lead to higher oil uptake into the sweet potato fries. Vacuum frying compared to deep fat frying can create sweet potato fries with less darkening and less oil uptake, but this method would be difficult in large scale manufacturing. Opportunities in creating high quality sweet potato french fries are directly related to consumer acceptability and manufacturing capability.

Neste trabalho, o forno de microondas focalizadas (CEM, Star System 2) e o forno de microondas doméstico adaptado (CCE, MW - 850) foram utilizados para o processo térmico descontínuo e contínuo, respectivamente para reduzir a atividade da POD e PFO presentes na água de coco. No processo descontínuo um sensor de fibra óptica permaneceu em contato direto com as amostras, o que permitiu a obtenção de perfis precisos da temperatura em função do tempo e a determinação dos parâmetros cinéticos D e z para as enzimas, no intervalo de temperatura entre 50 e 100 °C. No processo contínuo, a aquisição dos dados de temperatura foi realizada por termopar tipo T localizado na saída da cavidade do forno e alcançou temperatura máxima entre 66 e 91 °C. Para avaliar a influência dos principais constituintes químicos da água de coco na atividade enzimática soluções simuladas (água; água/açúcares; água/sais; água/sais/açúcares) e água de coco estéril com adição de POD e PFO comerciais foram submetidas ao processo descontínuo por microondas. Os parâmetros cinéticos determinados para as enzimas come rciais nas soluções simuladas obedeceram à cinética de 1ª ordem e os valores D e z foram respectivamente: PFO/água (D93°C = 16 s, z = 35,5 °C), PFO/açúcares (D91°C = 18 s, z = 33,0 °C), POD/água (D92°C = 44 s, z = 24,0 °C), POD/açúcares (D92°C = 21 s, z = 19,5 °C), PFO/água de coco estéril (D84,45ºC = 43 s, z = 39,5 °C) e POD/água de coco estéril (D86,54ºC = 20 s, z = 19,3ºC). Nas soluções simuladas com sais, as atividades iniciais das enzimas foram significativamente menores. Na água de coco as enzimas apresentaram resistência térmica maior quando comparadas aos resultados das soluções simuladas apresentando D92,20°C = 52 s e z = 17,6 °C para a PFO e D92,92°C = 16 s e z = 11,5 °C para a POD. Nos ensaios em processo contínuo a redução da atividade da PFO obedeceu à cinética de 1a ordem e os resultados corroboraram àqueles determinados para o sistema descontínuo. A POD não apresentou atividade residual detectável para temperaturas de saída acima de 88 °C, mas abaixo de 77 ºC a atividade residual foi próxima dos resultados para a POD na água de coco obtidos pelo processo descontínuo. É importante mencionar que para todos os ensaios com água de coco processada, seja no sistema descontínuo ou contínuo, não foi observada a coloração rósea, normalmente atribuída à ação enzimática. Somado a isso, o estudo mostrou que o tratamento térmico por microondas foi mais efetivo na redução da atividade da POD e PFO presentes em água de coco quando comparado com a pasteurização convencional o que torna o uso das microondas uma boa alternativa de processamento para a conservação desse alimento. / In this work a focused microwave oven (CEM, Star System 2) and an adapted domestic microwave oven (CCE, MW - 850) were employed to reduce POD and PPO activity using batch and continuous processing. In a batch processing an optic fiber sensor was kept in direct contact with the samples, thus precise temperature as a function of time profiles were obtained as well as the kinetic parameters (D and z) in the range between 50 and 100°C. In the continuous processing temperature data were obtained by type T thermocouples in the entrance and exit of the microwave oven cavity in the range between 66 and 90°C. Simulated solutions (water; water/sugars; water/salts; water/sugars/salts) and sterile coconut water were formulated with addition of commercial POD and PPO and were exposed to batch processing by microwaves to evaluate the influence of the main chemical substances present in coconut water on the enzymatic activity. Commercial enzymes in the simulated solutions followed a first order order kinetic model. D and z values were: PPO/water (D93°C = 16 s, z = 35.5 °C), PPO/sugars (D91°C = 18 s, z = 33.0 °C), POD/water (D91,5°C = 44 s, z = 24.0 °C), POD/sugars (D92°C = 21 s, z = 19.5 °C), PPO/sterile coconut water (D84,45ºC = 43 s, z = 39.5 °C) and POD/ sterile coconut water (D86,54ºC = 20 s, z = 19.3 ºC). Added salts influenced commercial PPO and POD stability and significantly reduced their activity. In coconut water the enzymes were more thermally resistant when compared to the simulated solution presenting D92,9°C = 52 s and z = 17.6 °C for PPO and D92,9°C = 16 s and z = 11.5 °C for POD. In continuous processing PPO inactivation followed a first order kinetic model and the results were similar to those obtained in the batch processing. POD didn´t present residual activity at exit temperatures above 88 ºC. Below 77 ºC residual activity was close to that of the POD/coconut water treated by batch processing. An important fact is that for all assays with coconut water, wether batch or continuous process was employed, no pink color (that is attributed to enzyme activity) was observed. Besides this study has shown that thermal treatment by microwaves was more efficient than conventional thermal treatment in reducing PPO and POD activity in coconut water, therefore microwaves are an interesting alternative for conservation of this food.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de biossensores eletroquímicos baseados na imobilização de duas enzimas diferentes em filmes de polipirrol (PPI) eletrodepositados, a fitase e a polifenol oxidase (PFO), esta última na forma de extrato bruto do fruto de abacate. Como a fitase hidrolisa cataliticamente ácido fítico (AF) em íons fosfatos, foram preparados biossensores por imobilização da enzima sobre filmes de PPI para a detecção indireta de ácido fítico via íons fosfatos. Foram utilizados dois métodos de imobilização; no primeiro, a enzima, fitase, foi imobilizada ao filme de PPI por imersão do filme em uma solução contendo a enzima por um período de 2 h, no segundo, a fitase foi encapsulada em lipossomos de dipalmitoil fosfatidil glicerol (DPPG) e depois foi imobilizada nos filmes de PPI depositados em eletrodos impressos. O segundo método se mostrou melhor para a detecção de ácido fítico, pois levou a um maior alcance linear e um baixo valor de limite de detecção. Neste caso, verificou-se que o DPPG preservou a integridade enzimática e levou a biossensores mais estáveis e sensíveis. Já para a PFO, que catalisa a oxidação de compostos fenólicos a quinonas, foram preparados biossensores para a detecção indireta de catecol. Para esta enzima, foram utilizados três métodos de imobilização: adsorção, ligação cruzada e confinamento, sendo o último que levou a melhores respostas. O método de confinamento consiste na adição da enzima, juntamente com o monômero, à solução de eletropolimerização, quando se procede com a metodologia normal de preparo dos filmes de PPI, que foram caracterizados por: microscopia de força atômica (AFM), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e espectroscopia de reflexão e absorção no infravermelho com modulação da polarização (PM-IRRAS). Estas técnicas de caracterização permitiram com que a presença da enzima fosse associada às modificações das características estruturais e morfológicas dos filmes de PPI. / This doctoral thesis reports on the development of electrochemical biosensors based on the immobilization of enzymes phytase and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (the latter in the form of crude extract of avocado fruit) on electrodeposited polypyrrole films (PPY). As phytase catalytically hydrolyzes phytic acid (PA) in phosphate ions, biosensors were prepared by its immobilization on PPY films for the indirect detection of PA via phosphate ions. In the first method the enzyme was maintained on the PPY film for a period of 2 h, whereas in the second, it was encapsulated in Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG) and immobilized on printed electrodes. The second system proved more viable for the detection of PA and showed broader linear range and low detection limit because DPPG preserved the integrity of the enzyme and produced more stable and sensitive biosensors. Regarding PPO, which catalyzes the oxidation of phenolic compounds to quinones, biosensors for the indirect detection of catechol via the formation of quinone in solution were prepared. Three methods of immobilization were used: adsorption, cross-linking and confinement. The latter yielded favorable results in comparison to other methods. The films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and reflection absorption and infrared polarization modulation (PM-IRRAS) techniques and revealed the presence of the enzyme and a modification in the structural characteristics and morphology of the films.

Orientador: Glaucia Maria Pastore / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T16:35:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Azevedo_AndreiaCristianeSouza_D.pdf: 1028995 bytes, checksum: 6758be8c224c65879df45396853361cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Diversos estudos epidemiológicos têm mostrado que o consumo regular de frutas e vegetais reduz a incidência de doenças crônico-degenerativas. A manga (Mangifera indica L.) é amplamente encontrada em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, é uma fruta popularmente conhecida no mundo, além de ter grande aceitação no Brasil e em outros países onde é produzida, seu consumo também tem se expandido para novos mercados, como na Europa. A manga, além de ser saborosa e aromática, possui ainda elevado valor nutritivo quando comparada com outras frutas e também alto valor comercial em muitas regiões do mundo, em especial nas regiões tropicais. Neste trabalho foram analisadas mangas produzidas no Brasil com os objetivos de estudar as enzimas oxidativas em diferentes cultivares da fruta, bem como em diferentes estádios de maturação e avaliar a presença de moléculas bioativas em mangas da cultivar Tommy Atkins. Para determinação da maturação da fruta, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: coloração da casca, consistência da polpa, pH, acidez total titulável e sólidos solúveis totais. Os resultados da análise de composição centesimal e vitamina C mostraram a influência da maturação na composição química da fruta, causando a redução dos teores de água, cinzas, gorduras, fibras e vitamina C e aumento do teor de açúcares totais. No caso do estudo das enzimas oxidativas em relação às diferentes cultivares, a ¿Tommy Atkins¿ apresenta maior atividade das enzimas polifenol oxidase e peroxidase do que as cultivares Haden e Palmer, esta última apresentou as menores atividades para ambas enzimas. Considerando as atividades dessas enzimas em manga ¿Tommy Atkins¿ relacionadas ao estádio de maturação, as frutas verdes apresentaram maior atividade da polifenol oxidase com diminuição gradativa até o estádio maduro, enquanto que a peroxidase apresentou-se mais ativa em frutas maduras do que em verdes, com um aumento gradual de frutos verdes para frutos maduros. Dos treze padrões de polifenóis avaliados por CLAE, sete foram encontrados nas amostras de polpa de manga analisadas, sendo eles, ácido gálico, metil galato, catequina, epicatequina, ácido ferúlico, ácido isoferúlico e propil galato. Estes compostos responderam de maneira diferente à influência da maturação. A concentração de epicatequina apresentou aumento inicial seguido de redução significativa em seu teor até o final do período de avaliação. O propil galato, metil galato e ácido gálico apresentaram aumento gradual durante todo o período de avaliação. As concentrações de catequina e ácido ferúlico aumentaram do estádio verde para ¿de vez¿, mantendo estáveis até o estádio maduro. O teor de ácido isoferúlico aumentou durante a maturação. No estudo de determinação da mangiferina, detectou-se sua presença apenas na casca da manga e observou-se que este composto apresentou maior teor na casca de manga verde e gradativa redução até atingir o estádio maduro / Abstract: In several studies epidemiological it has been shown that the regular consumption of fruit and vegetables reduces the incidence of chronic-degenerative diseases. The mango (Mangifera indica L.) is abundantly found in tropical and subtropical areas and is one of the most popular fruits in the world, besides having great acceptance in Brazil and in other mango producing countries, its consumption also if has expanded for new markets, as in the Europe. The mango fruit is tasty and aromatic and possesses high nutritional value when compared to other fruits and also reaches a high commercial value in many countries worldwide but especially in the tropical ones. Mangos produced in Brazil were analyzed in order to study oxidative enzymes in different kinds of Mangos as well as in different maturation stadiums as well as the presence of bioactive molecules like mangiferin in Tommy Atkins mangos. To determine the state of maturation of the fruit different parameters were evaluated like coloration of the peel, consistence of the pulp, pH, total titratable acid and total soluble solids. The results of the composition analysis and the vitamin C content demonstrated the influence of the maturation on the chemical composition of the fruit, causing a reduction of content of water, ashes, fats, fibers and vitamin C and an increase in the total sugar content. Regarding the study of oxidative enzymes of different cultivations, the Tommy Atkins mango had shown a higher activity of the enzymes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in comparison to Haden and Palmer mango. The last one showed the smallest activity of both enzymes. Considering the relationship of the activities of those enzymes in Tommy Atkins mango to the state of maturation, the green fruits showed a higher activity of polyphenol oxidase with a gradual decrease of activity during the ripening, while the peroxidase activity was higher in ripe fruits than in green ones with a gradual increased during the maturation process. Seven out of thirteen polyphenolic substances analysed by HPLC were found in the samples of mango pulp: gallic acid, methyl gallate, catechin, epicatechin, ferulic acid, isoferulic acid and propyl gallate. The found substances have shown different reactions to the influence of the maturation. The concentration of epicatechin was first increased and decreased significantly in the end of the analysis. The concentration of propyl gallate, methyl gallate and gallic acid was gradually increase during the whole evaluation period. The concentrations of catechin and ferulic acid increased from the green to half-green stadiums, and kept constant values until the ripe stadium. The concentration of isoferulic acid increased during the maturation. In the study of determination of the mangiferin content revealed that its occurrence is limited to the peel of the mango and the highest concentration was found in the peel of green mango with a gradual decrease to the ripe stadium / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos