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Yes / This study investigates the psychological effects of social identity on both posters and lurkers in online brand communities (OBCs). The results reveal the intermediate mechanisms mediating and moderating members’ social identity effects on members’ brand commitment leading to positive word-of-mouth and their resistance to negative information about the brand. This article treats social identity as a multi-dimensional construct. Differences amongst posters and lurkers on the relationships between the cognitive, affective and evaluative components of social identity are investigated along with their positive effect on brand commitment and behavioral consequences. Using a sample of 752 OBC members, both posters and lurkers emerge as valuable members and equally likely to derive social identity from their membership of an OBC. However, there are counter intuitive results for relationships within the research model between active and passive members of OBCs. These results offer implications for theory and can help managers to be better interactive marketers.

In 1996, Zimbabwean graphic designer Chaz Maviyane-Davies created a set of human rights posters which represent several articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, from what he calls an “African perspective”. In this study I investigate how Maviyane-Davies has constructed ‘African-ness’ and probe what he refers to as the “alternative aesthetic” that he is trying to create. I use a visual social semiotic approach to examine the discourses he draws on to re-image and re-imagine Africa and Africans in a manner that contests the stereotypical representations found in political, news and economic discourses about Africa, paying particular attention to the ways he uses images of the body. My analysis of the posters shows how complex and difficult it can be to contest regimes of representation that work to fix racialised and derogatory meanings. In response to the pejorative stereotypes of the black body, Maviyane-Davies uses images of strong, healthy, and magnificent people (mostly men) to construct a more affirmative representation of Africa and Africans. Significantly, he draws on sports, touristic, traditional and hegemonic discourses of masculinity in an attempt to expand the complexity and range of possible representations of African-ness. In so doing he runs the risk of reproducing many of the stereotypes that sustain not only the racialised and gendered (masculinist) representations of Africa, but also a sentimentalisation and romanticisation of a place, a people and their traditions. Apart from women in prominent positions, other conspicuous absences from these images include white people and hegemonic references to Western modernity. I do not believe he is discarding whites and modernity as un-African, but is rejecting the naturalisation of whiteness as standing in for humanity, and particular icons of Western modernity as significations of ‘modernity’ itself

La investigación plantea como objetivo principal el análisis del lenguaje visual tipográfico en las composiciones del proyecto Swissted en posters musicales desarrollados bajo la visión del Swiss design. Por esta razón, se escogió distintas piezas gráficas desarrolladas en dicho proyecto para poder analizarlas de manera concreta. De esta manera, se realizó un análisis de contenido de un total de 10 piezas gráficas publicadas en el libro Swissted: Vintage Rock Posters Remixed and Reimagined, que, del mismo modo, se encuentran publicadas en la página web del diseñador Mike Joyce. Todo ello, con el objetivo de documentar características influenciadas por el Swiss Design. Entre los principales resultados encontrados se contempló el uso frecuente de recursos como líneas estrictas y precisas, además del amplio uso de figuras geométricas conformadas por colores vibrantes y llamativos, así como la representación del texto únicamente en la fuente tipográfica Berthold Akzidenz Grotesk. Consolidando así un estilo visual reconocible y marcado. / The main objective of the research is the anlysis of visual typographic language in the compositions of the Swissted Project in musical posters developed under the vision of Swiss design. For this reason, different graphic pieces developed in said Project were chosen to be able to analyze them concretely. In this way, a content analysis of a total of 10 graphic pieces published in the book Swissted: Vintage Rock Posters Remixed and Reimagined was carried out, which, in the same way, are published on the website of the designer Mike Joyce. All this, with the aim of documenting characteristics influenced by Swiss Design. The main results found included the frequent use of resources such as strict and precise lines, in addition to the extensive use of geometric figures made up of vibrant and striking colors, as well as the representation of the text only in the Berthold Akzidenz Grotesk typeface. Consolidating a recognizable and marked visual style. / Trabajo de investigación

Диссертация посвящена исследованию трансформации коммуникативной роли кинозрителя в современной культуре на примере альтернативного киноплаката. Автор анализирует процесс трансформации коммуникативной системы в результате цифровой революции, влияние цифровых технологий на художественный процесс создания киноплаката, а также историю и специфику феномена альтернативного киноплаката как особой формы участия кинозрителя в кинокоммуникационных процессах. В работе представлена разработанная концептуальная и содержательная составляющие проекта городского творческого лагеря для подростков «Киноклуб: 24х36» на базе Фотографического музея «Дом Метенкова». Эмпирической базой исследования выступили результаты проведенного социологического опроса, посвященного анализу социально-культурных практик современных кинозрителей и их отношения к киноплакату. / The dissertation is devoted to the study of the transformation of the communicative role of the moviegoer in modern culture on the example of an alternative movie poster. The author analyzes the process of transformation of the communication system as a result of the digital revolution, the impact of digital technologies on the artistic process of creating movie posters, as well as the history and specifics of the phenomenon of alternative movie posters as a special form of participation of the viewer in film communication processes. The paper presents the developed conceptual and content components of the project of the city creative camp for teenagers "Kinoklub: 24x36" on the Basis of the photographic Museum "Dom Metenkov". The empirical basis of the research is the results of a sociological survey devoted to the analysis of socio-cultural practices of modern moviegoers and their attitude to movie posters.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the academic requirements for the Master of Technology Degree: Graphic Design, Durban University of Technology, 2011. / In this dissertation I examine of the role of graphic design in the struggle for social justice in South Africa - with specific reference to the concept of human rights. I am motivated by an overwhelming awareness that the Bill of Rights in post-apartheid South Africa exists in striking contrast to the daily struggles for human dignity. In addressing this contradiction I present a historical examination that focuses on the visual impact of the creative combination of images and text to effect socioeconomic and political change. Drawing from Steve Biko’s philosophy of psychological liberation and Paulo Freire’s educational philosophy for critical thinking, I distinguish between propaganda and education. I take the stand that people are not really free if they blindly accept the myths of the established state order and I explore the various ways in which society is misguided by these myths. I argue that unlike graphic design that maintains the status quo and represents the propaganda of the established order, ‘graphic design for social justice’ represents the voice of people’s power against state power. Through this study and practice I conclude that the role of graphic design for social justice in South Africa is to uncover the myths of state power by presenting scenarios that encourage critical thinking, dialogue and open debate about power and the abuse of power in the continued struggle for human dignity. It is intended that this body of work, and the exhibition that results from it, contributes in part to the writing and documentation of a history of South African socio-political graphics. / National Research Foundation

Since 2006, the city of Chihuahua, Mexico has been engulfed in a wave of drug-related violence that has resulted in thousands of murders, kidnappings, and "disappearances." Because bloody headlines sell newspapers, violence dominates the mainstream media, which contributes to residents' sense of hopelessness and helplessness. In response, in my graduate work I have investigated ways in which I can use the persuasive tactics and appearance of mainstream commercial graphic design to effect social change: specifically, to shift Chihuahuans' attitudes about their city. Through three interventions (The Graffiti Workshop, the Riberas school identity, and the Se busca project), I have attempted to encourage civic participation, recognize positive contributions within the community, and build an economic engine around local heroes. By doing so, I hope to reverse the prevailing belief that individuals are powerless to confront large, complex social issues. In addition, I hope these projects demonstrate some of the ways in which graphic designers can effectively apply their design skills to social as well as commercial problems. / text

The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of the selected protectorate and socialist propaganda posters from the forties and early fifties of the 20th century. The analyzed period ends with year 1953. This particular piece of work strives to set the whole subject in a larger theoretical framework. Furthermore the characteristic features of the given ideologies, the theory of semiotics and a brief description of the given historical period is also encompassed. Within the theory of semiotics the main inspiration is drawn from the works of Ferdinand de Saussure, Charles Sanders Peirce and Charles Morris. The most crucial source for the semiotic analysis is the book Mythology from Roland Barthes, especially its second theoretical part of Myth today, from which the methodological approach was gathered. The semiotic analysis allows one to uncover and expose the hidden meanings of texts. Ten posters were chosen in total for the analysis, five from the protectorate era and five from the late forties and early fifties. This was carried out in order to juxtapose pairs of images which portray the same motif or theme. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the applied semiotic components of the individual posters and then to compare the respective motifs and elements within the two ideologies and the extent to...

Master of Public Health / Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology / Katherine S. KuKanich / Hand hygiene by healthcare workers is an effective means of preventing healthcare-acquired infections. However, hand hygiene compliance can be low among healthcare workers. This study used introduction of a gel sanitizer and informational poster as interventional tools in attempt to improve hand hygiene in two outpatient healthcare clinics. Healthcare workers at two outpatient clinics were observed for frequency of hand hygiene (attempts vs. opportunities). Gel sanitizer and informational posters were introduced together as an intervention. Direct observation of hand hygiene frequency was performed during baseline, intervention, and follow-up. A post-study survey of healthcare workers was collected. In both clinics, baseline hand hygiene was poor (11% and 21%) but significantly improved (p[less than or equal to]0.0001) after interventions (36 and 54%), and was maintained (p>0.05) through the follow-up period (32 and 51%). Throughout the study, post-contact hygiene was statistically observed more than pre-contact hygiene. In both clinics, healthcare workers self-reported a preference for soap and water, yet observations showed that sanitizer use predominated over soap and water use when sanitizer was available after the intervention. Fifty per cent of the surveyed healthcare workers considered the introduction of gel sanitizer to be an effective motivating tool for improving hand hygiene. Hand hygiene performance by healthcare workers in outpatient clinics may benefit from promoting gel sanitizer and using informational posters. Direct observation by trained observers may provide more accurate information of hand hygiene tool preference compared with survey results.

How were immigrants, immigrant issues and their histories represented through radical poster art created during the 1968 protests and strikes in France? The May 1968 protests remain one of the most significant moments in contemporary French history and it occurred during a time when immigrant populations were rapidly increasing. There is a multitude of research, analysis and reflections on the protests and strikes; yet there is very little mention of the place of immigrants during this event. Art collectives that were created during the protests designed and produced posters that later became a symbol of the strike. By using a variety of primary and secondary sources including small press publications, interviews, manifestos, historical and artistic secondary soured this work argues that it is during this social movement that immigrants and immigrant issues entered French social discourse and this can be seen by exploring the messages presented in the posters.