Ten subjects were randomly assigned to train one arm with ballistic movements (BT), whereas the other arm trained with ballistic and heavy resistance movements (BT+HRT). The training program consisted of three training sessions per week, over a ten week period. The BT arm executed ten sets of six maximal ballistic elbow extension actions (10% MVC), whereas the BT+HRT arm executed five sets of six repetitions of maximal ballistic actions followed by five sets of five to eight repetitions of heavy resistance elbow extension actions. After training, evoked twitch contractile properties, ballistic, 1 RM, and isometric MVC measures were analyzed. Incorporated with all performance measures were EMG recordings of the agonist (AG) triceps and antagonist (ANT) biceps. Muscle biopsies of triceps were also taken to determine muscle fibre type composition, and fibre area. The BT+HRT arm demonstrated a significant decrease in the percent population of type IIb fibres (22% to 18. 8%). Furthermore, the BT+HRT arm produced hypertrophy, type IIa (6184 to 7086 μm²) and IIb (5714 to 6734 μm²) fibre areas increased, whereas type I fibre areas (3503 to 3828 μm²) did not significantly increase, after training. In contrast, the BT arm and control arm did not display fibre transformation or hypertrophy after training. Triceps evoked twitch peak torque increased for only the BT+HRT arm (12.5 to 13.8 N·m). Furthermore, the 1 RM increased significantly in the BT+HRT arm (~24%) but did not change significantly in the BT arm. However, ballistic and isometric MVC PT values increased similarly in both the BT (19.6 to 23.5 N·m; 45.4 to 52.6 N·m) and the BT+HRT (19.6 to 23.6 N·m; 49.6 to 56.0 N·m) arms. The EMG results corresponded to the performance results in that triceps AEMG in the 1 RM test tended to increased more after HRT (0.71 to 1.01 mV) than only BT (0.72 to 0.81 mV), but in the ballistic (HRT= 0.63 to 0.79 mV; BT= 0. 62 to 0. 73 mV) and isometric MVC performance measures (HRT= 0.80 to 0.84 mV; BT= 0.80 to 0.87 mV), the AEMG results were similar. Supplementary HRT caused muscle hypertrophy, particularly of the type II fibres, but did not promote improvement in ballistic performance with loads equal to or less than 10% of maximal isometric force. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / This paper presents a model for Quality of Service (QoS) management in a mix of fixed Ground Station (GS) and ad-hoc telemetry networks, and introduces an enhanced clustering scheme that jointly optimizes the performance of the network using multiple distance measures based on the location of the wireless nodes and the traffic level. It also demonstrates that a "power" performance measure is an effective tool for modeling and managing QoS in Mixed Networks. Simulation results show that significant QoS performance improvements can be obtained and maintained even under severe traffic conditions.

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Wind farm operators utilize various financial agreements to generate revenue and mitigate risk. These agreements are often based on some estimate of the energy production from the wind farm. A power purchase agreement (PPAs), which is a long-term fixed volume fixed price arrangement, was the most common type of agreement for much of the growth of wind energy in the U.S. Recently, wind turbine power production estimations are relying less on fixed production volumes and PPAs as the basis for energy estimation in financial agreements and more on proxy generation, or an estimate of what the wind farm should make given a set of inflow conditions. These newer types of financial agreements are shifting the focus to when power is produced rather than just how much, and so it is imperative to understand and analyze the errors arising in proxy generation and how it may impact the financial agreements that use proxy generation. This work quantifies the errors in proxy generation and compares two methods of estimating power production, examining the financial impacts of both, for one wind project. These two methods are the nacelle transfer function (NTF) method and the reanalysis data method, which may be used if onsite data is unavailable. The different methods of estimating power production have varying impacts on the financial outcome of the project. Errors in power production estimates that coincide with large price events can result in significant financial impacts for the wind project, and this is more likely to occur with the reanalysis method compared to the NTF method. The results show that the Nacelle Transfer Function (NTF) method of estimating power production via onsite measurements has much less risk of being impacted by a price excursion than the reanalysis data method.

ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / The integrated Network Enhanced Telemetry effort (iNET) was launched to create a telemetry network that will enhance the traditional point-to-point telemetry link from test articles (TAs) to ground stations (GS). Two of the critical needs identified by the Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) are, "the need to be able to provide reliable coverage in potentially high capacity environments, even in Over-The-Horizon (OTH) settings", and "the need to make more efficient use of spectrum resources through dynamic sharing of said resources, based on instantaneous demand thereof". Research conducted at Morgan State University (MSU) has focused on providing solutions for both critical problems. The Mixed Network architecture developed by MSU has shown that a hybrid network can be used to provide coverage for TAs that are beyond the coverage area of the GS. The mixed network uses clustering techniques to partition the aggregate network into clusters or sub-networks based on properties of each TA, which currently include signal strengths, and location. The paper starts with a detailed analysis of two parameters that affect the performance of each sub-network: contention between the TAs in the mobile ad-hoc network, and queuing at the Gateway TAs that serve as the link between the mobile ad-hoc and the Cellular networks. Contention and queuing will be used to evaluate two performance (distance) measures for each sub-network: throughput and delay. We define a new distance measure known as "power", which is equal to the ratio of throughput over delay, and is used as a measure of performance of the mixed network for Quality of Service (QOS). This paper describes the analytical foundation used to prove that the "power" performance measure is an excellent tool for optimizing the clustering of a mixed network to provide QOS.

This disquisition aims for the study of turbulence intensity influence over the power performance of different sizes of turbines with the intent to validate a hypothesis. The hypothesis formulated for the analysis is the relationship between the rotor diameter (turbine size) and turbulence intensity. The hypothetical relationship is that the smaller turbines tend to experience more influence on the power performance from the turbulence in comparison with larger ones. For this examination, three different wind turbines of models Vestas V90, V100, V126 were chosen from three Swedish wind farms. The power performance of turbines at various levels of turbulence intensity were analyzed and the power deviation from the mean value due to influence of turbulence were assessed. The power deviation values of different turbines were compared at same level of wind speeds and also the power coefficients at same level of tip speed ratios were compared to validate the hypothesis. It was observed that the hypothesis seemed to appear true as higher influence on power curves were observed on V90 compared to others. Nevertheless, there were some obscene results which might be due to several factors such as influence of variation in hub height, site and inadequacy of data. / Detta examensarbete syftar till att studera hur ett vindkraftverks storlek påverkar inflytande från turbulens på effektuttaget. Hypotesen är att vindkraftverk med mindre rotordiameter påverkas mer av turbulens än de större. Tre vindkraftverksmodeller (Vestas V90, V100 och V126) från svenska vindkraftsparker valdes ut. De olika modellernas effektuttag för olika grader av turbulens analyserades och avvikelsen från effektmedelvärdet jämfördes. Effektavvikelserna samt verkningsgradsavvikelsen  för de olika vindkraftverksmodellerna jämfördes vid samma vindhastighet respektive löptal för att kunna testa hypotesen. Hypotesen styrks då den mista modellen (Vestas V90) påverkas mest av turbulens. Resultatet har dock troligtvis påverkats av andra faktorer såsom tornhöjd, terräng och en begränsad mängd data.

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京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第20581号 / 工博第4361号 / 新制||工||1678(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 安部 武志, 教授 作花 哲夫, 教授 阿部 竜 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

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Today, power consumption costs supercomputer centers millions of dollars annually and the heat produced can reduce system reliability and availability. Achieving high performance while reducing power consumption is challenging since power and performance are inextricably interwoven; reducing power often results in degradation in performance. This thesis aims to address these challenges by providing theories, techniques, and tools to 1) accurately predict performance and improve it in systems with advanced hierarchical memories, 2) understand and evaluate power and its impacts on performance, 3) control power and performance for maximum efficiency. Our theories, techniques, and tools have been applied to high-end computing systems. Our theroetical models can improve algorithm performance by up to 59% and accurately predict the impacts of power on performance. Our techniques can evaluate power consumption of high-end computing systems and their applications with fine granularity and save up to 36% energy with little performance degradation. / Ph. D.