Mainstream processor development is mostly targeted at compatibility and continuity. Thus, the processor market is dominated by x86 compatible CPUs since more than two decades now. Several new concepts tried to gain some market share, but it was not possible to overtake the old compatibility driven concepts. A group of three corporates tries another way to come into the market with a new idea, the cell design. The cell processor is a new try to leverage the increasing amount of transistors per die in an efficient way. The new processor is targeted at the game console and consumer electronics market to enhance the quality of these devices. This will lead to a wide spreading, and if everybody has two or more cell processors in TV, game console or PDA, the interesting question comes up: what can I do with these processors? This paper gives a short overview of the architecture and several programming ideas which help to exploit the whole processing power of the cell processor.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Pretende-se uma análise crítica do projeto das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs), procurando entender como ele aparece como uma resposta possível para os problemas urbanos e de segurança na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em primeiro lugar, volta-se à importação do ideal civilizatório pelo Brasil no início do século XIX e o surgimento da polícia e de uma questão urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O resgate histórico permite entender o surgimento das favelas e de uma cidade partida. Em seguida, trata-se do aspecto da pacificação das UPPs, retomando o sentido que essa ideia teve ao longo da história do Brasil, em especial como subjugação dos povos indígenas e como repressão às insurreições da primeira metade do século XIX. Em um segundo momento, volta-se à configuração da governamentalidade policial no Rio de Janeiro e no Brasil, do surgimento das polícias à racionalidade governamental do neoliberalismo. Demonstra-se como a polícia surge como um agente civilizador e como uma racionalidade autoritária da militarização e da criminologia do outro marca as polícias brasileiras, o que explica sua histórica atuação violenta voltada às classes subalternas. Em seguida, partindo da concepção de território pressuposta pelas UPPs, elabora-se sua crítica, observando que constituem uma política de ocupação militarizada do território que reforça uma geografia das desigualdades e promove uma nova forma de territorialização. Por fim, trata-se dos mecanismos que a governamentalidade neoliberal assume na gestão da questão urbana no Rio de Janeiro, a partir das ideias de urbanismo militar e empresarialismo urbano.O urbanismo militar é entendido como a extensão de ideias militares para os espaços e circulações cotidianos, o que leva a uma tendência internacional de militarização da segurança pública e proliferação de territórios de exceção. Nesse contexto, a política das UPPs guarda proximidades com as ocupações das favelas em Porto Príncipe pela MINUSTAH, os territórios palestinos ocupados por Israel, acontrainsurgência estadunidense no Iraque e Afeganistão e os Proyectos Urbanos Integrales em Medellín, nos quais se inspirou. Mas condizem também com o ideal do empresarialismo urbano, modelo baseado na competitividade das cidades orientada para o mercado. Trata-se, portanto, de um projeto de controle militarizado das favelas, necessário para os megaeventos e para a construção de uma imagem de cidade maravilhosa. / This work intends to a critical analysis of the Pacification Police Units (PPU), searching to understand how it constitutes apossible answer to the urban and safety problems in Rio de Janeiro. First of all, we turn to the importation of the civilization ideal in the early 19th centurys Brazil and the advent of the police and the urban issues in Rio de Janeiro. The historical review allows understanding the appearance of the favelas and of a divided city. Then, we turn to the PPUs pacification aspect, resuming this ideas meaning throughout Brazilian history, particularly as the subjugation of indigenous people and as repression to the insurrections of the first half of the 19th century. In a second place, we turn to the configuration of a police governmentality in Rio de Janeiro and in Brazil, from polices appearance to the neoliberal governmental rationality. We demonstrate how the police appear as a civilizing agent and how an authoritarian rationality of militarization and criminology of the other marks the Brazilian polices, what explains its historical violent acting against the underprivileged classes. Then, from the territory conception assumed by the PPU, we elaborate its critic, observing that they constitute a politics of militarized occupation of the territory which reinforces a geography of inequality and promotes a new form of territorialization. Finally, we talk about the mechanisms that the neoliberal governmentality assumes in the management of the urban issues in Rio de Janeiro from the ideas of a military urbanism and urban entrepreneurialism. The military urbanism is understood as the extension of military ideas to the daily spaces and circulations, which leads to an international tendency of militarization of the public safety and proliferation of exception territories. In this context, the PPU politics resembles the MINUSTAHs slums occupations in Porto Príncipe, the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel, the American counterinsurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan and the ProyectosUrbanosIntegralesinMedellin, which inspired it. But they are also befitting with the urban entrepreneurialism ideal, based on the competition between cities marked orientated. It is, therefore, a militarized control project of the favelas, needed for the mega events and the construction of a Marvelous City image.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Pretende-se uma análise crítica do projeto das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPPs), procurando entender como ele aparece como uma resposta possível para os problemas urbanos e de segurança na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em primeiro lugar, volta-se à importação do ideal civilizatório pelo Brasil no início do século XIX e o surgimento da polícia e de uma questão urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O resgate histórico permite entender o surgimento das favelas e de uma cidade partida. Em seguida, trata-se do aspecto da pacificação das UPPs, retomando o sentido que essa ideia teve ao longo da história do Brasil, em especial como subjugação dos povos indígenas e como repressão às insurreições da primeira metade do século XIX. Em um segundo momento, volta-se à configuração da governamentalidade policial no Rio de Janeiro e no Brasil, do surgimento das polícias à racionalidade governamental do neoliberalismo. Demonstra-se como a polícia surge como um agente civilizador e como uma racionalidade autoritária da militarização e da criminologia do outro marca as polícias brasileiras, o que explica sua histórica atuação violenta voltada às classes subalternas. Em seguida, partindo da concepção de território pressuposta pelas UPPs, elabora-se sua crítica, observando que constituem uma política de ocupação militarizada do território que reforça uma geografia das desigualdades e promove uma nova forma de territorialização. Por fim, trata-se dos mecanismos que a governamentalidade neoliberal assume na gestão da questão urbana no Rio de Janeiro, a partir das ideias de urbanismo militar e empresarialismo urbano.O urbanismo militar é entendido como a extensão de ideias militares para os espaços e circulações cotidianos, o que leva a uma tendência internacional de militarização da segurança pública e proliferação de territórios de exceção. Nesse contexto, a política das UPPs guarda proximidades com as ocupações das favelas em Porto Príncipe pela MINUSTAH, os territórios palestinos ocupados por Israel, acontrainsurgência estadunidense no Iraque e Afeganistão e os Proyectos Urbanos Integrales em Medellín, nos quais se inspirou. Mas condizem também com o ideal do empresarialismo urbano, modelo baseado na competitividade das cidades orientada para o mercado. Trata-se, portanto, de um projeto de controle militarizado das favelas, necessário para os megaeventos e para a construção de uma imagem de cidade maravilhosa. / This work intends to a critical analysis of the Pacification Police Units (PPU), searching to understand how it constitutes apossible answer to the urban and safety problems in Rio de Janeiro. First of all, we turn to the importation of the civilization ideal in the early 19th centurys Brazil and the advent of the police and the urban issues in Rio de Janeiro. The historical review allows understanding the appearance of the favelas and of a divided city. Then, we turn to the PPUs pacification aspect, resuming this ideas meaning throughout Brazilian history, particularly as the subjugation of indigenous people and as repression to the insurrections of the first half of the 19th century. In a second place, we turn to the configuration of a police governmentality in Rio de Janeiro and in Brazil, from polices appearance to the neoliberal governmental rationality. We demonstrate how the police appear as a civilizing agent and how an authoritarian rationality of militarization and criminology of the other marks the Brazilian polices, what explains its historical violent acting against the underprivileged classes. Then, from the territory conception assumed by the PPU, we elaborate its critic, observing that they constitute a politics of militarized occupation of the territory which reinforces a geography of inequality and promotes a new form of territorialization. Finally, we talk about the mechanisms that the neoliberal governmentality assumes in the management of the urban issues in Rio de Janeiro from the ideas of a military urbanism and urban entrepreneurialism. The military urbanism is understood as the extension of military ideas to the daily spaces and circulations, which leads to an international tendency of militarization of the public safety and proliferation of exception territories. In this context, the PPU politics resembles the MINUSTAHs slums occupations in Porto Príncipe, the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel, the American counterinsurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan and the ProyectosUrbanosIntegralesinMedellin, which inspired it. But they are also befitting with the urban entrepreneurialism ideal, based on the competition between cities marked orientated. It is, therefore, a militarized control project of the favelas, needed for the mega events and the construction of a Marvelous City image.

Mainstream processor development is mostly targeted at compatibility and continuity. Thus, the processor market is dominated by x86 compatible CPUs since more than two decades now. Several new concepts tried to gain some market share, but it was not possible to overtake the old compatibility driven concepts. A group of three corporates tries another way to come into the market with a new idea, the cell design. The cell processor is a new try to leverage the increasing amount of transistors per die in an efficient way. The new processor is targeted at the game console and consumer electronics market to enhance the quality of these devices. This will lead to a wide spreading, and if everybody has two or more cell processors in TV, game console or PDA, the interesting question comes up: what can I do with these processors? This paper gives a short overview of the architecture and several programming ideas which help to exploit the whole processing power of the cell processor.

Au cours des dernières décennies, le Québec a connu une augmentation significative du nombre d’élèves ayant des défis particuliers dans les classes ordinaires du primaire. Cette diversification des profils d’apprentissage a complexifié l’enseignement, qui vise la réussite de tous les élèves indépendamment de leurs besoins spécifiques. Les pratiques pédagogiques et les ressources matérielles jouent un rôle crucial pour favoriser l’accès, la participation et la progression pour tous les élèves. Toutefois, les enseignants ne semblent pas suffisamment préparés, tant dans leur formation initiale que continue, pour mettre en place des pratiques dites accessibles dans la classe. Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre comment la formation courte s’appuyant sur le processus de planification universelle (PPU) peut soutenir les enseignants du primaire afin de planifier et mettre en œuvre la conception universelle de l’apprentissage (CUA) et les aides technologiques (AT) dans la classe. Plus spécifiquement, cette étude vise à concevoir un dispositif de formation à proposer aux enseignants, à documenter la réalisation des étapes du PPU par les enseignants et à décrire les apports et les limites du dispositif de formation quant au soutien apporté par ce dernier aux enseignants du primaire au Québec. À partir de la littérature recensée, un dispositif de formation a été élaboré et proposé à cinq enseignants du primaire. Les enseignants ont suivi une formation en ligne d’environ une heure de façon individuelle avant de participer à une rencontre de travail collectif. Les résultats de cette recherche, s’appuyant sur une méthodologie qualitative, montrent que le dispositif de formation courte offre un soutien prometteur aux enseignants. Celui-ci a contribué à changer les perceptions des enseignants en ce qui concerne les difficultés à apprendre orientant le regard vers l’identification des obstacles plutôt que des déficiences. De plus, le PPU a été utile pour soutenir la planification et la mise en œuvre de la CUA et des AT par les enseignants. Enfin, la collaboration, l’accompagnement et la conception des ressources de formation selon les principes de la CUA ont joué un rôle pour soutenir la compréhension et le développement d’habiletés au cours de cette formation. / Over the last few decades, Quebec has seen a significant increase in the number of students with special challenges in regular primary school classes. This diversification of learning profiles has complicated teaching, which aims at the success of all students regardless of their specific needs. Educational practices and material resources play a crucial role in promoting access, participation and progress for all students. However, teachers do not appear to be sufficiently prepared, both in their initial and continuing training, to implement so-called accessible practices in the classroom. This study aims to better understand how short training based on the Planning for all learners (PAL) can support primary school teachers in planning and implementing the Universal design of learning (UDL) and assistive technology (AT) in the classroom. More specifically, this study aims to design a training to be proposed to teachers, to document the achievement of the PAL stages by teachers and to describe the contributions and limits of the training system in terms of the support provided by the latter to primary school teachers in Quebec. Based on the literature collected, a training scheme was developed and proposed to five primary school teachers. Teachers took about an hour of online training individually before participating in a collective work meeting. The results of this research, based on a qualitative methodology, show that the short-term training system offers promising support to teachers. This has helped change teachers’ perceptions of learning difficulties by looking to identify obstacles rather than disabilities. Most of all, the PPU has been useful in supporting the planning and implementation of UDL and ATs by teachers. Finally, the collaboration, support and design of training resources in accordance with the UDL principles played a role in supporting understanding and skills development during this training.