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Poços, potes e pedras: uma longa história indígena na Costa da Guayana / Pits, pots and rocks: A long indigenous history at the Guayana\'s CoastSaldanha, João Darcy de Moura 22 March 2017 (has links)
A arqueologia amazônica passou por uma série de mudanças no entendimento sobre a natureza da ocupação pré-colonial desta região ao longo dos anos. Há hoje sólidas bases para perceber que a Amazônia, tanto no passado quanto no presente, é extremamente heterogênea, indo além do que colocam os modelos dicotômicos que historicamente influenciaram a arqueologia amazônica. Neste contexto, esta tese busca descrever uma longa história indígena em uma região da Amazônia, o litoral da Guayana, mais especificamente uma região compreendida entre foz do Amazonas até a foz do rio Orinoco, parte da conhecida historicamente \"Costa Selvagem\". Uma das perguntas fundamentais da tese, que busco perseguir através da descrição desta longa história, é qual a origem e natureza dos monumentos e das cerâmicas altamente elaboradas encontradas associadas a eles nesta região a leste da Guayana. Desta forma aqui apresentaremos uma síntese da ocupação, advinda dos novos dados obtidos nos últimos anos, iniciando com os primeiros ocupantes da Guayana Oriental até uma reconfiguração ética ocorrida na região a partir dos séculos XVIII e XIX D.C. Buscamos desta forma aqui alinhavar relações possíveis entre diversos elementos presentes na cultura material da região, monitorando continuidades e mudanças nas relações entre objetos, lugares e pessoas. / Branco.
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Omhedi: displacement and legitimacy in Oukwanyama politics, Namibia, 1915-2010Shiweda, Napandulwe Tulyovapika January 2011 (has links)
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This is a study of the contest over political and social legitimacy in a former precolonial kingdom, Oukwanyama, in northern Namibia, from 1915 to the present. It tracks the historical shifts in this long time frame through the history of one place, a site of important local power, Omhedi. The research begins with the colonial occupation of the kingdom by Portugal and South Africa during World War 1, which resulted in the displacement of the kingship to the southern half of the territory which was now bifurcated by an international boundary between Angola and South West Africa. Following resistance by the last king Mandume, the institution of kingship was abolished and a Council of Headmen installed in its place. Omhedi emerged as a site of important opposition to Mandume by a leading headman, Ndjukuma, and he became one of the senior headman elevated to new levels of authority by olonial rule. The thesis tracks the establishment and consolidation of the policy of Indirect Rule under South Africa, whose aim was the efficient supply of migrant labour to the south, and the selective preservation of traditional customs in Oukwanyama in order to maintain stability in a time of rapid change. The main contribution of the research however is to follow this story into the second half of the 20th century, when Ndjukuma was succeeded by Nehemia Shoovaleka and then Gabriel Kautwima, at a time when nationalist opposition to South African rule was growing and old political legitimacies were tested. Omhedi became a site of the enforcement of headmen’s authority over both striking workers and the educated elite in the early 1970s when Ovamboland became a Bantustan homeland under apartheid. After Independence in 1990 and the demise of Kautwima, Omhedi remained empty until the restoration of the Kwanyama kingship occurred under postcolonial legislation on Traditional Authorities. The question becomes one of how political legitimacy can be reactivated at such a contradictory site of ‘traditional’ power like Omhedi, now the seat of the new Kwanyama Queen. The thesis engages with notions of gender, history, landscape and memory, as well as theories of space developed by Lefebvre and de Certeau, in order to understand the local reconceptualisation of Omhedi as different things over different times. It also analyses the textual, visual and cultural representations of the place, most notably under colonial rule, and the impact of this archive (or its limits) on postcolonial political developments / South Africa
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Poços, potes e pedras: uma longa história indígena na Costa da Guayana / Pits, pots and rocks: A long indigenous history at the Guayana\'s CoastJoão Darcy de Moura Saldanha 22 March 2017 (has links)
A arqueologia amazônica passou por uma série de mudanças no entendimento sobre a natureza da ocupação pré-colonial desta região ao longo dos anos. Há hoje sólidas bases para perceber que a Amazônia, tanto no passado quanto no presente, é extremamente heterogênea, indo além do que colocam os modelos dicotômicos que historicamente influenciaram a arqueologia amazônica. Neste contexto, esta tese busca descrever uma longa história indígena em uma região da Amazônia, o litoral da Guayana, mais especificamente uma região compreendida entre foz do Amazonas até a foz do rio Orinoco, parte da conhecida historicamente \"Costa Selvagem\". Uma das perguntas fundamentais da tese, que busco perseguir através da descrição desta longa história, é qual a origem e natureza dos monumentos e das cerâmicas altamente elaboradas encontradas associadas a eles nesta região a leste da Guayana. Desta forma aqui apresentaremos uma síntese da ocupação, advinda dos novos dados obtidos nos últimos anos, iniciando com os primeiros ocupantes da Guayana Oriental até uma reconfiguração ética ocorrida na região a partir dos séculos XVIII e XIX D.C. Buscamos desta forma aqui alinhavar relações possíveis entre diversos elementos presentes na cultura material da região, monitorando continuidades e mudanças nas relações entre objetos, lugares e pessoas. / Branco.
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Uso da cartografia e da geomorfologia na construção de mapas de potencial arqueológico para sítios pré-coloniais: um estudo de caso em Pindamonhangaba, estado de São Paulo / The use of cartography and geomorphology at creation of archaelogical potential maps for pre-colonial sites: a case of study in Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo StateLeal, Silvia Kameyama Domingos 14 December 2017 (has links)
Nesta dissertação, apresentamos os procedimentos adotados para a elaboração de um modelo geoarqueológico de localização de material arqueológico relacionado aos sítios pré-coloniais. A área de estudo abrangeu os limites da carta topográfica do município de Pindamonhangaba, situado na região do Vale do Paraíba no estado de São Paulo. Para a construção desse modelo, realizamos o mapeamento morfológico de feições que julgamos ser propícias ao assentamento humano, por meio da estereoscopia de fotos aéreas e uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Com base na carta topográfica, também se produziu uma carta hipsométrica e perfis topográficos. Após a confecção de um mapa prévio de potencial arqueológico, com destaque para as áreas das grandes depressões, colinas e do terraço fluvial do rio Paraíba do Sul, foram elencados 3 setores para a realização de prospecção arqueológica. A execução das etapas de controle de campo resultou na coleta de um fragmento de cerâmica, encontrado a 3 metros de profundidade, próximo a uma depressão, bem como de alguns fragmentos de quartzo, em relevo escarpado que, após análise em laboratório, foram classificados como duvidosos quanto ao potencial arqueológico. Conclui-se que o emprego da Geoarqueologia no estudo de grupos pré-coloniais do Vale do Paraíba Paulista constituiu-se de uma abordagem eficiente para o entendimento do padrão de assentamento em função da distribuição dos recursos naturais. / In this dissertation, we present the procedures used for the creation of an archaeogeological model employed for the localization of archeological material related to precolonial sites. This study encompassed the city limits of Pindamonhangaba, in the Vale do Paraiba region, located in the state of Sao Paulo. For the purposes of this project, we used morphological mapping we deemed suitable for human settlement, through stereocopy of aerial photographs and geoprocessing techniques. Based on the topographic map, we also produced a hypsometric map and topographic profiles. After the compilation of a previous map with archeological potential, highlighting areas of great depressions, hills and the fluvial terrain of the Paraiba do Sul River, three sectors were selected for the archeological prospection. The field work yielded the discovery of a ceramic fragment, found in a excavation of 3 meters deep into the ground, close to a depression, as well as some quartz fragment. After laboratorial testing, these were found to have no archeological value. It is concluded that employing techniques from Geoarcheology to study precolonial groups in Paraíba Paulista Valley emerges as an efficient approach to the knowledgle of natural resources-oriented settlement patterns.
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Uso da cartografia e da geomorfologia na construção de mapas de potencial arqueológico para sítios pré-coloniais: um estudo de caso em Pindamonhangaba, estado de São Paulo / The use of cartography and geomorphology at creation of archaelogical potential maps for pre-colonial sites: a case of study in Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo StateSilvia Kameyama Domingos Leal 14 December 2017 (has links)
Nesta dissertação, apresentamos os procedimentos adotados para a elaboração de um modelo geoarqueológico de localização de material arqueológico relacionado aos sítios pré-coloniais. A área de estudo abrangeu os limites da carta topográfica do município de Pindamonhangaba, situado na região do Vale do Paraíba no estado de São Paulo. Para a construção desse modelo, realizamos o mapeamento morfológico de feições que julgamos ser propícias ao assentamento humano, por meio da estereoscopia de fotos aéreas e uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Com base na carta topográfica, também se produziu uma carta hipsométrica e perfis topográficos. Após a confecção de um mapa prévio de potencial arqueológico, com destaque para as áreas das grandes depressões, colinas e do terraço fluvial do rio Paraíba do Sul, foram elencados 3 setores para a realização de prospecção arqueológica. A execução das etapas de controle de campo resultou na coleta de um fragmento de cerâmica, encontrado a 3 metros de profundidade, próximo a uma depressão, bem como de alguns fragmentos de quartzo, em relevo escarpado que, após análise em laboratório, foram classificados como duvidosos quanto ao potencial arqueológico. Conclui-se que o emprego da Geoarqueologia no estudo de grupos pré-coloniais do Vale do Paraíba Paulista constituiu-se de uma abordagem eficiente para o entendimento do padrão de assentamento em função da distribuição dos recursos naturais. / In this dissertation, we present the procedures used for the creation of an archaeogeological model employed for the localization of archeological material related to precolonial sites. This study encompassed the city limits of Pindamonhangaba, in the Vale do Paraiba region, located in the state of Sao Paulo. For the purposes of this project, we used morphological mapping we deemed suitable for human settlement, through stereocopy of aerial photographs and geoprocessing techniques. Based on the topographic map, we also produced a hypsometric map and topographic profiles. After the compilation of a previous map with archeological potential, highlighting areas of great depressions, hills and the fluvial terrain of the Paraiba do Sul River, three sectors were selected for the archeological prospection. The field work yielded the discovery of a ceramic fragment, found in a excavation of 3 meters deep into the ground, close to a depression, as well as some quartz fragment. After laboratorial testing, these were found to have no archeological value. It is concluded that employing techniques from Geoarcheology to study precolonial groups in Paraíba Paulista Valley emerges as an efficient approach to the knowledgle of natural resources-oriented settlement patterns.
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Diffusion du droit et Internet en Afrique de l'ouestTagodoe, Amavi 08 1900 (has links)
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit des technologies de l'information" / L'accès au droit en Afrique de l'Ouest est difficile et restreint, et cela pour de
nombreuses raisons. Parmi celles-ci peut être citée la faible diffusion papier
des ressources juridiques nationales, qui est en partie due au manque de
moyens matériels et financiers. Or, depuis une dizaine d'années, des projets
de diffusion des ressources juridiques via Internet se développent, donnant
ainsi un accès libre aux informations juridiques publiques. Ce mode de
diffusion du droit représente une alternative pour les États africains, leur
permettant de bâtir de nouvelles stratégies favorisant l'accès au droit.
Néanmoins, ce nouveau mode de diffusion du droit fait ressurgir une réflexion
relative à la nature plurale des droits ouest africains et de la place des droits
originellement africains dans ces nouvelles stratégies.
La présente analyse montre que l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies, telles
qu'Internet, dans des stratégies de diffusion du droit est pertinente, à la
condition que les États africains redéfinissent leur culture juridique, en
prenant en considération les sources originellement africaines afin qu'elles
prennent place dans la diffusion du droit via Internet. / Access to legal information in West Africa is difficult and restricted because of
a weak dissemination network. The insufficient publication and distribution of
national legal resources can partly be attributed to a lack of financial and
material resources. Over the past ten years, legal resource publication
projects on the Web have been developed to offer free access to public legal
information. This type of document dissemination model represents an
alternative solution for African States by allowing them to elaborate new
strategies to increase legal information dissemination. This new law
publishing model, however, has brought about the need to reconsider the
pluralistic nature of West African laws and the place these originally African
laws occupy within the new strategies being put forth.
The following analysis demonstrates how the use of new technologies such
as the Internet has proven to be relevant for legal resource publication and
distribution insofar as African states always take into consideration originally
African sources when redefining their legal cultures through the dissemination
of their laws via the Internet.
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Information-pouvoir et politique au Cameroun : de la période précoloniale à la deuxième décennie post indépendance / Information, power and politics in Cameroon : from the precolonial period to the second decade following independenceDia, André 07 December 2010 (has links)
Cette thèse traite de l’aide qu’apporte le renseignement à la prise de décision pour les pouvoirs politiques en place, de la période précoloniale à la période postcoloniale. La chronologie nous a conduit à étudier le renseignement, son infrastructure et son personnel pendant la période précoloniale, puis le renseignement pendant la période coloniale, que ce soit de la conquête à l’installation administrative française. Après l’indépendance, le service de renseignement a perduré en se restructurant, mais en conservant des liens avec l’ancienne puissance coloniale. Ce travail sur le long terme a fait apparaitre une large continuité dans le temps et des dynamiques d’adaptation entre les différentes périodes. Les informateurs traditionnels ont continué d’alimenter aussi bien les pouvoirs locaux, les pouvoirs coloniaux que postcoloniaux. (Ils constituent en quelque sorte les « soutiers » du renseignement). Plus que de ruptures, cette étude met en évidence de très larges continuités entre le passé et le présent. / The subject deals with the contribution that intelligence made to decision making by the political powers from the precolonial period to the postcolonial period. The chronology has lead us to examine the intelligence service, its infrastucture and its staff during the precolonial period, followed by intelligence during the colonial period, from conquest to the setting up of the French administration. Following independence, intelligence services continued to exist by restructuring themselves, while at the same time maintaining links with the old colonial powers. This long term study has revealed a broad continuity in time and the dynamics of adaptation between the different periods. The traditional informants continued to supply local and colonial powers as well as postcolonial powers. (In a way they constituted the firemen of the “furnace of information”). More than a departure, this study brings to light the very broad continuity between the past and the present.
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Diffusion du droit et Internet en Afrique de l'ouestTagodoe, Amavi 08 1900 (has links)
L'accès au droit en Afrique de l'Ouest est difficile et restreint, et cela pour de
nombreuses raisons. Parmi celles-ci peut être citée la faible diffusion papier
des ressources juridiques nationales, qui est en partie due au manque de
moyens matériels et financiers. Or, depuis une dizaine d'années, des projets
de diffusion des ressources juridiques via Internet se développent, donnant
ainsi un accès libre aux informations juridiques publiques. Ce mode de
diffusion du droit représente une alternative pour les États africains, leur
permettant de bâtir de nouvelles stratégies favorisant l'accès au droit.
Néanmoins, ce nouveau mode de diffusion du droit fait ressurgir une réflexion
relative à la nature plurale des droits ouest africains et de la place des droits
originellement africains dans ces nouvelles stratégies.
La présente analyse montre que l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies, telles
qu'Internet, dans des stratégies de diffusion du droit est pertinente, à la
condition que les États africains redéfinissent leur culture juridique, en
prenant en considération les sources originellement africaines afin qu'elles
prennent place dans la diffusion du droit via Internet. / Access to legal information in West Africa is difficult and restricted because of
a weak dissemination network. The insufficient publication and distribution of
national legal resources can partly be attributed to a lack of financial and
material resources. Over the past ten years, legal resource publication
projects on the Web have been developed to offer free access to public legal
information. This type of document dissemination model represents an
alternative solution for African States by allowing them to elaborate new
strategies to increase legal information dissemination. This new law
publishing model, however, has brought about the need to reconsider the
pluralistic nature of West African laws and the place these originally African
laws occupy within the new strategies being put forth.
The following analysis demonstrates how the use of new technologies such
as the Internet has proven to be relevant for legal resource publication and
distribution insofar as African states always take into consideration originally
African sources when redefining their legal cultures through the dissemination
of their laws via the Internet. / "Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit des technologies de l'information"
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OS REPÓRTERES DO BRASIL PRÉ-COLONIAL: gêneros e formatos folkcomunicacionais / The reporthers of Brasil Precolonial: genres and formats folk communicationFerreira, Fábio Gonçalves 21 March 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is an inventory about the existence of means of communication in Brazilian territory, on the period before its discovery by the European colonists (before 1500). The main goal of this survey is to trace how they used to produce their messages and how they established their folk communication channels between the Indians and the tribes that existed in pre-colonial Brazil. We also intend to study the elements of folk communication adopted by the Indians and to draw a parallel, coming from the starting point of the concepts of the pernambucano (a person who is born in the city of Pernambuco) researcher Luiz Beltrão and his disciples created. This will result in the application and updated review of the typology of folk communication that was used in that historical period. The study was made with empiric foundation due to observation, which shows the importance of Indian communication in the context of Brazil, where people lived in society groups and had their values reduced and destroyed by the colonists. The methodology used in the work was able to embrace a confluence of techniques, such as: bibliographic research (books, articles and journals), documental research (in specialized magazines, printed and virtual publications). All this material was gathered in public and private collections. / Trata-se de inventário da existência de meios de comunicação no território brasileiro no período anterior a descoberta pelos colonizadores europeus (pré-1500). O objetivo da pesquisa é mapear como se produziam as mensagens e como se estabeleciam os canais folkcomunicacionais entre os indígenas e as tribos existentes no Brasil pré-colonial. Pretendemos, ainda, estudar elementos de folkcomunicação adotados entre os índios e traçar um paralelo a partir dos conceitos do pesquisador pernambucano Luiz Beltrão e de seus discípulos, resultando na aplicação, revisão e atualização da Tipologia da Folkcomunicação em uso para aquele período histórico. O estudo tem como base empírica observáveis que demonstram a importância da comunicação indígena brasileira naquele contexto como pessoas que viviam agrupados em sociedade e tiveram valores subjugados e destruídos pelos colonizadores. A metodologia comportou uma confluência de técnicas quais sejam: pesquisa bibliográfica (livros, artigos e jornais) e pesquisa documental (em revistas especializadas, periódicos impressos e virtuais) localizadas em acervos públicos e privados.
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Knotted Numbers, Mnemonics, and Narratives: Khipu Scholarship and the Search for the “Khipu Code” throughout the Twentieth and Twenty First CenturyLysaght, Veronica L., Lysaght January 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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