近年來雲端運算逐漸盛行且其已被許多企業採用，雲端運算所帶來的好處包含提供更好的連結、企業不同廠的無間隙合作，進而提高生產效率。透過現存論文的研究，我們發現企業導入雲端運算與使其和企業內企業流程成功結合為兩大企業成功的因素。然而，要如何導入與對雲端運算加以控制卻很少在現存論文中談及，更遑論企業在導入雲端前該做哪些準備等議題。本研究也透過文獻的探討提出兩個研究面向（管理面與科技面），文獻探討也發現，此兩面向為企業選擇導入公有雲或是私有雲的主因。再者，本研究提出兩個討論面向的同時，也與現存的雲端服務供應商討論此兩面向，希望能讓兩面向更加符合現存雲端狀況。根據這兩面向的基礎，本研究在此兩大面向下提出許多因素來探討企業導入雲端的準備度。本研究也進一步透過問卷的方式訪問現存有採用或是導入雲端的企業，問卷內容涵蓋上述提到的兩面向，進而透過所收集的資料之分析來探討真正影響雲端導入成功與否的因素是否與研究所提出的假設符合。研究結果發現，虛擬化與IT建設的有無與完善程度對於私有雲的導入成功與否有正向關係。而研究結果也指出，公有雲與私有雲兩種型態的雲端也有相互的關係。 / Cloud computing has been dedicated to providing several benefits, such as better connectivity and seemingly seamless cooperation between different plants, that improve firm performance. Previous research maintains that introducing cloud computing and combining it with companies’ processes are two of the prime factors that lead companies to success; however, the manner of implementing this technology and exerting control over it are rarely discussed, especially with regard to the preparation before a company’s official launch of cloud computing. A literature review enables us to propose two dimensions—technological and managerial concerns—of factors driving companies to introduce cloud computing through both private and public clouds. Moreover, after proposing the two dimensions, we examine them by conducting interviews with several companies in the hopes of making these dimensions more applicable and pragmatic in business. Because the purpose of this research is to prepare companies to implement cloud computing, we design a questionnaire based on the dimensions and undertake a survey with several companies that have implemented cloud computing to determine the underlying factors influencing the performance of cloud computing. The results of this research show that both of the virtualization and IT infrastructure readiness factors have positive impacts on private clouds, and the results also indicate a relationship between public and private clouds, which means companies that have adopted public clouds are more likely to succeed in adopting private clouds.

Submitted by Haroudo Xavier Filho (haroudo.xavierfo@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-11T13:40:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertacao - Eliomar Gomes Campos - Mestrado Ciência da computação.pdf: 5177532 bytes, checksum: 4fc152f297f19c035a0affba1640dcc3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-11T13:40:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertacao - Eliomar Gomes Campos - Mestrado Ciência da computação.pdf: 5177532 bytes, checksum: 4fc152f297f19c035a0affba1640dcc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-03 / FACEPE / Composite web services, also known as mashups, are useful to build added-value products in the web. Cloud computing environments have been widely used for hosting web services due to the possibility of increasing or decreasing available resources through automatic mechanisms (i.e.: auto scaling). Such elastic behavior ease the task of reaching satisfactory performance on peaks of demand without wasting resources. It is hard to determine the right components to tune such systems performance when eventually needed. This study evaluates the performance of auto scaling mechanisms for private clouds hosting an event recommendation web service. A hierarchical modeling approach is used to cope with the complexity of such a system, and represent specific details of these mechanisms. Our study applies parametric sensitivity analysis from several performance metrics of the models, such as mean execution time of the auto scaling monitoring, mean time of VMs instantiation, and the mean response time perceived by the web service user. We also have carried a General Full Factorial Experiment, in order to calculate the relevance and effects of each factor involved in the processes of auto scaling and virtual machines (VMs) instantiation. For the auto scaling monitoring, we analyze the factors: collection period of a metric, number of monitored virtual machines, and the time of monitoring of a metric. Regarding the instantiation process, the following factors have been chosen: VM type, VM image size, and VM caching. This analysis allows checking the impact of parameters on the system response time and pointing out effective ways for improvement of performance. / Serviços web compostos, também conhecidos como mashups, são úteis para construir produtos de valor agregado na web. Ambientes de computação em nuvem têm sido amplamente utilizados para hospedar serviços web, devido à possibilidade de aumentar ou diminuir os recursos disponíveis através de mecanismos automáticos (i.e.: escala automática). Tal comportamento elástico facilita a tarefa de alcançar um desempenho satisfatório nos picos de demanda sem desperdiçar recursos. É difícil determinar os componentes certos para ajustar o desempenho desses sistemas eventualmente, quando necessário. Este estudo avalia o desempenho dos mecanismos de escala automática e elasticidade para nuvens privadas hospedando um serviço web de recomendação de eventos. Uma abordagem de modelagem hierárquica é utilizada afim de lidar com a complexidade de tal sistema, e representar detalhes específicos desses mecanismos. Nosso estudo aplicou análise de sensibilidade paramétrica a partir de várias métricas de desempenho dos modelos, tais como o tempo médio de execução do monitoramento de escala automática, tempo médio da instanciação de VMs e o tempo médio da resposta percebida pelo usuário do serviço web. Realizamos também um Experimento Geral Fatorial Completo, com o objetivo de calcular os efeitos e relevâncias de cada fator envolvido nos processos escala automática e instanciação de máquinas virtuais (virtual machines - VMs). Para o monitoramento de escala automática, analisamos os fatores: período de coleta de uma métrica, número de máquinas virtuais monitoradas, e o tempo de monitoração de uma métrica. Quanto ao processo de instanciação, os seguintes fatores foram escolhidos: tipo de VM, tamanho da imagem da VM, e cache da VM. Estas análises permitem verificar o impacto dos parâmetros sobre o tempo de resposta do sistema e apontar formas eficazes de melhoria do desempenho.

A computação em nuvem é considerada um paradigma computacional da atualidade. Sua adoção vem crescendo nos últimos anos, contudo ainda é incipiente nas organizações brasileiras. Por ser uma tecnologia inovadora, a computação em nuvem vem recebendo maior atenção da academia nos últimos anos, contudo a abordagem do assunto na literatura de Sistemas de Informação ainda é considerada baixa, apesar de crescente. A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os fatores de adoção da tecnologia, estabelecendo uma relação entre elementos de teorias de base e fatores de adoção. Foram identificados na literatura elementos teóricos e fatores relacionados à computação em nuvem, sendo realizadas associações entre tais fatores e elementos. Os elementos teóricos identificados na revisão da literatura são oriundos da teoria dos custos de transação, teoria da dependência de recursos e teoria de difusão da inovação. A pesquisa realizada é de caráter exploratório, por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos, realizados em três empresas que já adotaram computação em nuvem. O estudo utilizou como fontes de evidências entrevistas semiestruturadas, documentos e consulta a sites corporativos das organizações pesquisadas. Para análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, com o auxílio do software MAXQDA10. Os resultados do estudo apresentaram como fatores de adoção de computação em nuvem: confiabilidade, escalabilidade, economia, privacidade e segurança. A pesquisa também contribui para o preenchimento da lacuna na literatura de Sistemas de Informação, oferecendo subsídios para estudos quantitativos que confirmem os fatores levantados. / Cloud computing is considered a new computational paradigm for many researchers and practitioners. The adoption of this technology has been arisen in the last few years by the organizations, nevertheless it is still emerging in Brazil. As considered an innovative technology, cloud computing adoption has been gathering more attention in the academy. However, this subject in the Information Systems literature still has little attention, although increasing. This dissertation intends to analyze the adoption factors of cloud computing and establish associations between technology adoption factors and theory elements. Initially were identified in the literature of economic and organizational theories some elements related to the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Dependency Theory. Then, the technology adoption factors were related directly to the cloud computing features. Consequently the theory elements were associated with the technology adoption factors. This research was exploratory, through multiple case studies in three companies that already adopted cloud computing. The data collection was made by interviews and documents analysis. To analyze the seven interviews this research used the content analysis method, using the software MAXQDA10. Thereafter, was conducted an association between the theory elements and the technology adoption factors. As main results, were confirmed as adoption factors in cloud computing: reliability, scalability, security, privacy and economy. This study also contributes for fill in a lack in the literature, as well as offer information for future quantitative researches about the technology adoption factors.

A computação em nuvem é considerada um paradigma computacional da atualidade. Sua adoção vem crescendo nos últimos anos, contudo ainda é incipiente nas organizações brasileiras. Por ser uma tecnologia inovadora, a computação em nuvem vem recebendo maior atenção da academia nos últimos anos, contudo a abordagem do assunto na literatura de Sistemas de Informação ainda é considerada baixa, apesar de crescente. A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os fatores de adoção da tecnologia, estabelecendo uma relação entre elementos de teorias de base e fatores de adoção. Foram identificados na literatura elementos teóricos e fatores relacionados à computação em nuvem, sendo realizadas associações entre tais fatores e elementos. Os elementos teóricos identificados na revisão da literatura são oriundos da teoria dos custos de transação, teoria da dependência de recursos e teoria de difusão da inovação. A pesquisa realizada é de caráter exploratório, por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos, realizados em três empresas que já adotaram computação em nuvem. O estudo utilizou como fontes de evidências entrevistas semiestruturadas, documentos e consulta a sites corporativos das organizações pesquisadas. Para análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, com o auxílio do software MAXQDA10. Os resultados do estudo apresentaram como fatores de adoção de computação em nuvem: confiabilidade, escalabilidade, economia, privacidade e segurança. A pesquisa também contribui para o preenchimento da lacuna na literatura de Sistemas de Informação, oferecendo subsídios para estudos quantitativos que confirmem os fatores levantados. / Cloud computing is considered a new computational paradigm for many researchers and practitioners. The adoption of this technology has been arisen in the last few years by the organizations, nevertheless it is still emerging in Brazil. As considered an innovative technology, cloud computing adoption has been gathering more attention in the academy. However, this subject in the Information Systems literature still has little attention, although increasing. This dissertation intends to analyze the adoption factors of cloud computing and establish associations between technology adoption factors and theory elements. Initially were identified in the literature of economic and organizational theories some elements related to the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Dependency Theory. Then, the technology adoption factors were related directly to the cloud computing features. Consequently the theory elements were associated with the technology adoption factors. This research was exploratory, through multiple case studies in three companies that already adopted cloud computing. The data collection was made by interviews and documents analysis. To analyze the seven interviews this research used the content analysis method, using the software MAXQDA10. Thereafter, was conducted an association between the theory elements and the technology adoption factors. As main results, were confirmed as adoption factors in cloud computing: reliability, scalability, security, privacy and economy. This study also contributes for fill in a lack in the literature, as well as offer information for future quantitative researches about the technology adoption factors.

A computação em nuvem é considerada um paradigma computacional da atualidade. Sua adoção vem crescendo nos últimos anos, contudo ainda é incipiente nas organizações brasileiras. Por ser uma tecnologia inovadora, a computação em nuvem vem recebendo maior atenção da academia nos últimos anos, contudo a abordagem do assunto na literatura de Sistemas de Informação ainda é considerada baixa, apesar de crescente. A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os fatores de adoção da tecnologia, estabelecendo uma relação entre elementos de teorias de base e fatores de adoção. Foram identificados na literatura elementos teóricos e fatores relacionados à computação em nuvem, sendo realizadas associações entre tais fatores e elementos. Os elementos teóricos identificados na revisão da literatura são oriundos da teoria dos custos de transação, teoria da dependência de recursos e teoria de difusão da inovação. A pesquisa realizada é de caráter exploratório, por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos, realizados em três empresas que já adotaram computação em nuvem. O estudo utilizou como fontes de evidências entrevistas semiestruturadas, documentos e consulta a sites corporativos das organizações pesquisadas. Para análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, com o auxílio do software MAXQDA10. Os resultados do estudo apresentaram como fatores de adoção de computação em nuvem: confiabilidade, escalabilidade, economia, privacidade e segurança. A pesquisa também contribui para o preenchimento da lacuna na literatura de Sistemas de Informação, oferecendo subsídios para estudos quantitativos que confirmem os fatores levantados. / Cloud computing is considered a new computational paradigm for many researchers and practitioners. The adoption of this technology has been arisen in the last few years by the organizations, nevertheless it is still emerging in Brazil. As considered an innovative technology, cloud computing adoption has been gathering more attention in the academy. However, this subject in the Information Systems literature still has little attention, although increasing. This dissertation intends to analyze the adoption factors of cloud computing and establish associations between technology adoption factors and theory elements. Initially were identified in the literature of economic and organizational theories some elements related to the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Dependency Theory. Then, the technology adoption factors were related directly to the cloud computing features. Consequently the theory elements were associated with the technology adoption factors. This research was exploratory, through multiple case studies in three companies that already adopted cloud computing. The data collection was made by interviews and documents analysis. To analyze the seven interviews this research used the content analysis method, using the software MAXQDA10. Thereafter, was conducted an association between the theory elements and the technology adoption factors. As main results, were confirmed as adoption factors in cloud computing: reliability, scalability, security, privacy and economy. This study also contributes for fill in a lack in the literature, as well as offer information for future quantitative researches about the technology adoption factors.

Goal of this thesis is to provide a summary of information connected to cloud project management. The thesis describes, what cloud is, what types of cloud there are and also describes project management methodologies and their specifics. In the practical part of this thesis one of the methodologies is applied to a practical project. The thesis contains also a summary of practical information about cloud projects and risks associated with cloud projects.

This thesis describes existing cloud storage systems. Description of the prerequisites of developing cloud and distributed systems are presented. Current storage systems such as Dropbox, iCloud and Google drive are described. Description is mainly focused on the resources of both protocols and derive a conclusion for the use in the cloud storage systems. The practical part of this work is focused on creating two labs, what will be implemented in the teaching syllabus of Projecting, Administration and Security of Computer Networks subject. The first of the labs is focused on the implementation of own cloud services. In the last lab students attention will concentrate on interception of communication secured with SSL protocol.

Cloud computing allows on-demand provision, configuration and assignment of computing resources with minimum cost and effort for users and administrators. Managing the physical infrastructure that underlies cloud computing services relies on the need to provision and manage bare-metal computer hardware. Hence there is a need for quick loading of operating systems in bare-metal and virtual machines to service the demands of users. The focus of the study is on developing a technique to load these machines remotely, which is complicated by the fact that the machines can be present in different Ethernet broadcast domains, physically distant from the provisioning server. The use of available bare-metal provisioning frameworks require significant skills and time. Moreover, there is no easily implementable standard method of booting across separate and different Ethernet broadcast domains. This study proposes a new framework to provision bare-metal hardware remotely using layer 2 services in a secure manner. This framework is a composition of existing tools that can be assembled to build the framework.

I dag anses molntjänster vara ett omtalat ämne som har ändrat hur IT-tjänster levereras och som skapat nya affärsmodeller. Några av molntjänsternas mest frekvent nämnda fördelar är flexibilitet och skalbarhet. Molntjänster är i dagsläget extensivt använda av privatpersoner genom tjänster så som Google Drive och Dropbox. Å andra sidan kan en viss försiktighet gentemot molntjänster uppmärksammas hos de organisationer som innehar känslig data. Denna försiktighet kan anses leda till en långsammare tillämpningshastighet för dessa organisationer. Detta examensarbete har som syfte att undersöka sambandet mellan molntjänster och känslig data för att kunna erbjuda stöd och kunskapsbas för organisationer som överväger en övergång till molntjänster. Känslig data är definierat som information som omfattas av den svenska Personuppgiftslagen. Tidigare studier visar att organisationer värdesätter en hög säkerhetsgrad vid en övergång till molntjänster och ofta föredrar att leverantören kan erbjuda ett antal säkerhetsmekanismer. En molntjänsts lagliga överensstämmelse är en annan faktor som uppmärksammas. Datainsamlingen skedde genom en enkät, som var riktad till 101 av de svenska organisationerna i syfte att kartlägga användningen av molntjänster samt att identifiera möjliga bromsande faktorer. Dessutom genomfördes tre (3) intervjuer med experter och forskare inom IT-lag och/eller molnlösningar. En analys och diskussion, baserad på resultaten, har genomförts, vilket ledde till slutsatserna att en molnlösning av hybrid karaktär är bäst lämpad för den försiktiga organisationen, de olika villkoren i serviceavtalet bör grundligt diskuteras innan en överenskommelse mellan parter uppnås samt att i syfte att undvika att lösningen blir oförenlig med lagen bör främst en leverantör som är väl etablerad i Sverige väljas. Slutligen, bör varje organisation utvärdera om molntjänster kan tillgodose organisationens säkerhetsbehov, då det i stor mån berör ett risktagande. / Cloud computing is today a hot topic, which has changed how IT is delivered and created new business models to pursue. The main listed benefits of Cloud computing are, among others, flexibility and scalability. It is widely adopted by individuals in services, such as Google Drive and Dropbox. However, there exist a certain degree of precaution towards Cloud computing at organizations, which possess sensitive data, which may decelerate the adoption. Hence, this master thesis aims to investigate the topic of Cloud computing in a combination with sensitive data in order to support organizations in their decision making with a base of knowledge when a transition into the Cloud is considered. Sensitive data is defined as information protected by the Swedish Personal Data Act. Previous studies show that organizations value high degree of security when making a transition into Cloud computing, and request several measures to be implemented by the Cloud computing service provider. Legislative conformation of a Cloud computing service is another important aspect. The data gathering activities consisted of a survey, directed towards 101 Swedish organizations in order to map their usage of Cloud computing services and to identify aspects, which may decelerate the adoption. Moreover, interviews with three (3) experts within the fields of law and Cloud computing were conducted. The results were analyzed and discussed, which led to conclusions that hybrid Cloud is a well chosen alternative for a precautious organization, the SLA between the organizations should be thoroughly negotiated and that primarily providers well established on the Swedish market should be chosen in order to minimize the risk of legally non-consisting solution. Finally, each organization should decide whether the security provided by the Cloud computing provider is sufficient for organization’s purposes.

Cloud Computing (CC) is one of the fast growing computer network technologies and many companies offer their services through cloud network. Cloud Computing has many properties with respect to the existing traditional service provisions like scalability, availability, fault tolerance, capability and so on which are supported by many IT companies like Google, Amazon, Salesforce.com. These IT companies have more chances to adapt their services into a new environment, known as Cloud computing systems. There are many cloud computing services which are being provided by many IT companies.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate which cloud environment (public, private and hybrid) and services (Infrastructure as a Service, Software as a Service, and Platform as a Service) are suitable for Swedish Armed Forces (SWAF) with respect to performance, security, cost, flexibility and functionality. SWAF is using private (internal) cloud for communications where both sensitive and non-sensitive information are located in the internal cloud. There are problems like maintenance of hardware, cost issues and secure communication while maintaining the private cloud. In order to overcome those problems we have suggested a hybrid and community cloud environment and SaaS, IaaS, PaaS services for SWAF.For suggesting these cloud environments and cloud services we have performed a literature study and two empirical studies (survey and interviews) with different organizations.A new cloud model is designed based on the suggested cloud environment, separate storage spaces for sensitive and non-sensitive information, suitable services and an effective infrastructure for sharing the internal information for SWAF.