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Thesis (J.C.L.)--Catholic University of America, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-70).

Univ., Diss.--Paris II, 1999. / Bibliogr. S. [437] - 471.

Thesis (J.C.L.)--Catholic University of America, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-70).

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Nesta dissertaÃÃo, apropriamo-nos da base teÃrica da SemiÃtica Francesa para depreender como as diferentes linguagens que compÃem o filme Dogville se articulam e contribuem para a construÃÃo do sentido e para a produÃÃo do efeito de realidade nesse texto fÃlmico. Esse tipo de texto se caracteriza pela pluralidade de linguagens cujas categorias do plano da expressÃo se relacionam para produzir um Ãnico conteÃdo. Assim, para atingir nosso objetivo, partimos do conceito de sincretismo proposto por Hjelmslev (1975), Greimas e CourtÃs (2011) e das contribuiÃÃes teÃricas de Floch (1986) sobre o semissimbolismo. Em seguida, utilizamo-nos do percurso gerativo do sentido centrando a nossa atenÃÃo sobre o nÃvel discursivo da narrativa fÃlmica de Dogville, para depreender como os procedimentos da ordem da Sintaxe Discursiva se articulam com os mecanismos de tematizaÃÃo e figurativizaÃÃo para a produÃÃo do sentido e efeito de realidade. Por fim, descrevemos, com base em Bertrand (2003), como as figuras que compÃem o universo figurativo da narrativa se apresentam e contribuem para a impressÃo referencial por parte do espectador, tendo em vista que o plano visual desse filme apresenta um desinvestimento figurativo que lhe confere uma âestÃtica teatralâ. Quanto aos resultados, observamos que o desinvestimento figurativo que caracteriza o filme Dogville constitui uma opÃÃo do enunciador para chamar a atenÃÃo do espectador para conteÃdos de natureza temÃtica. Nesse processo de desadensamento de figuras, o sincretismo de linguagens contribui sobremaneira para a apreensÃo do efeito de realidade pelo espectador jà que seus elementos constituintes nos ajudam a compor essas lacunas que sÃo deixados pelo plano visual, levando-nos à identificaÃÃo das isotopias presentes e à compreensÃo da narrativa. / In this dissertation, we use the theoretical basis of French Semiotics to understand how the different languages that form the film Dogville articulate and contribute for the construction of meaning and for the production of the effect of reality in this filmic text. This kind of text contains language plurality which categories of the expression plan are combined to produce a unique meaning. Thus in order to achieve our objectives, we start with the concept of syncretism proposed by Hjelmslev (1975), Greimas and CourtÃs (2011) and the theoretical contributions of Floch (1986) about Semisymbolism. Next, we follow the route of the generative process in meaning focusing our attention on the discourse level of the narrative of the film Dogville to understand how the procedures of discursive syntax articulate the mechanisms of themes and figures in order to produce the meaning and the effect of reality. Finally, we describe, based on Bertrand (2003) how the figures that form the figurative universe of the narrative present and contribute to referential illusion relative to the spectator, taking in the consideration that the visual plan of this film presents a figurative disinvestment that provides a theatrical appearance. Regarding the results, weÂve observed that the figurative disinvestment that characterizes the film Dogville is an option of the enunciator to draw the attention of the viewer for its thematic contents. In this process, the syncretism of languages contributes to referential illusion once its elements help us to fill the gaps left by the visual plan, leading us to identify the present isotopies and to understand the narrative.

Iudicet iudicarive iubeat. Reflexões sobre os origens do processo civil romano e as causas da bipartição. Depois da introdução, o segundo capítulo analisa os aspectos da história constitucional da Monarquia e início da República, sobretudo as críticas à historiografia tradicional no tocante à passagem de um regime ao outro, além de estudar a religião romana arcaica. O terceiro capítulo busca elementos da administração da justiça no direito comparado (babilônico, gregos e germânicos), enquanto que o quarto analisa o início do processo criminal romano. O quinto capítulo, por sua vez, investiga as várias teorias acerca do início do processo civil, como da arbitragem, defesa privada, Volksjustiz etc. O sexto capítulo trata das várias teorias da bipartição, procurando estabelecer se teve caráter originário no processo civil romano e suas causas. O sétimo capítulo analisa as legis actiones mais antigas (legis actio sacramento, legis actio per manus iniectionem e legis actio per iudicis arbitrive postulationem). O oitavo capítulo tenta verificar o conteúdo da iurisdictio romana e suas relações com o imperium, enquanto que o capítulo nono trata das figuras do iudex e do arbiter. O décimo capítulo apresenta as críticas às teorias expostas, formulando hipótese acerca do surgimento do processo civil romano por meio de resolução das controvérsias no âmbito da comunidade anteriormente à formação da civitas com base em cultura e religião comuns, razão por que a presente tese propõe a adoção do termo justiça comunitária pré-cívica para qualificar esse sistema, propugnando pelo abandono das expressões autotutela/justiça privada e Volksjustiz por serem ambas portadoras de equívocos. No tocante à bipartição, a presente tese considera verossímil sua consolidação na época da Lei das XII Tábuas em razão sobretudo do fenômeno da dessacralização do processo / Iudicet iudicarive iubeat. Remarks on the origins of the Roman civil procedure and the causes of its dual mode. After the introduction, the second chapter analyses some aspects of constitucional history of Monarchy and the beginning of Republic, mainly the critics against the tradicional historiography concerning the transition from the first to the latter and it also studies the ancient Roman religion. The third chapter seeks elements from the administration of justice in comparative law (Babylonic, Greeks and Germanics), while the forth one analyses the beginning of the criminal persecution in Rome. The fifth chapter investigates the theories about the beginning of civil litigation, such as arbitration, self help, Volksjustiz etc. The sixth chapter deals with the dual mode procedure theories, trying to set if is had an original character and its causes. The seventh chapter analyses the most ancient legis actiones (legis actio sacramento, legis actio per manus iniectionem e legis actio per iudicis arbitrive postulationem). The eighth chapter tries to verify the content of the Roman iurisdictio and its relationships with imperium, while the nineth chapter deals with the figures of iudex and arbiter. The last chapter presents the critics to the analysed theories and formulates a hypothesis about the beginning ot the Roman civil procedure through the disputes settlement inside the community before the creation of civitas basing on common culture and religion. Thus, the thesis proposes the adoption of the term justiça comunitária pré-cívica (precivic community justice) in order to qualify this system, refusing the expressions self help, private justice and Volksjustiz, who are dubious. Regarding the dual mode, the thesis sustains it is plausible that it had already benn consolidated by the time of the Twelve Tables Law according mainly to the dessacralization of process.

In dieser Arbeit werden wesentliche Verletzungen des Strafprozesses, ihre Uhrsachen, die Merkmalen, unterscheidende wesentlichen Prozessverletzungen von anderen Verletzungen des Strafprozesses, die Ordnung der Anerkennung als wesentlich, und auch die Folgen, analysiert.

Iudicet iudicarive iubeat. Reflexões sobre os origens do processo civil romano e as causas da bipartição. Depois da introdução, o segundo capítulo analisa os aspectos da história constitucional da Monarquia e início da República, sobretudo as críticas à historiografia tradicional no tocante à passagem de um regime ao outro, além de estudar a religião romana arcaica. O terceiro capítulo busca elementos da administração da justiça no direito comparado (babilônico, gregos e germânicos), enquanto que o quarto analisa o início do processo criminal romano. O quinto capítulo, por sua vez, investiga as várias teorias acerca do início do processo civil, como da arbitragem, defesa privada, Volksjustiz etc. O sexto capítulo trata das várias teorias da bipartição, procurando estabelecer se teve caráter originário no processo civil romano e suas causas. O sétimo capítulo analisa as legis actiones mais antigas (legis actio sacramento, legis actio per manus iniectionem e legis actio per iudicis arbitrive postulationem). O oitavo capítulo tenta verificar o conteúdo da iurisdictio romana e suas relações com o imperium, enquanto que o capítulo nono trata das figuras do iudex e do arbiter. O décimo capítulo apresenta as críticas às teorias expostas, formulando hipótese acerca do surgimento do processo civil romano por meio de resolução das controvérsias no âmbito da comunidade anteriormente à formação da civitas com base em cultura e religião comuns, razão por que a presente tese propõe a adoção do termo justiça comunitária pré-cívica para qualificar esse sistema, propugnando pelo abandono das expressões autotutela/justiça privada e Volksjustiz por serem ambas portadoras de equívocos. No tocante à bipartição, a presente tese considera verossímil sua consolidação na época da Lei das XII Tábuas em razão sobretudo do fenômeno da dessacralização do processo / Iudicet iudicarive iubeat. Remarks on the origins of the Roman civil procedure and the causes of its dual mode. After the introduction, the second chapter analyses some aspects of constitucional history of Monarchy and the beginning of Republic, mainly the critics against the tradicional historiography concerning the transition from the first to the latter and it also studies the ancient Roman religion. The third chapter seeks elements from the administration of justice in comparative law (Babylonic, Greeks and Germanics), while the forth one analyses the beginning of the criminal persecution in Rome. The fifth chapter investigates the theories about the beginning of civil litigation, such as arbitration, self help, Volksjustiz etc. The sixth chapter deals with the dual mode procedure theories, trying to set if is had an original character and its causes. The seventh chapter analyses the most ancient legis actiones (legis actio sacramento, legis actio per manus iniectionem e legis actio per iudicis arbitrive postulationem). The eighth chapter tries to verify the content of the Roman iurisdictio and its relationships with imperium, while the nineth chapter deals with the figures of iudex and arbiter. The last chapter presents the critics to the analysed theories and formulates a hypothesis about the beginning ot the Roman civil procedure through the disputes settlement inside the community before the creation of civitas basing on common culture and religion. Thus, the thesis proposes the adoption of the term justiça comunitária pré-cívica (precivic community justice) in order to qualify this system, refusing the expressions self help, private justice and Volksjustiz, who are dubious. Regarding the dual mode, the thesis sustains it is plausible that it had already benn consolidated by the time of the Twelve Tables Law according mainly to the dessacralization of process.

No description available.

Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Western Cape is one of the most seismically active regions in South Africa. It features geological properties which can develop earthquakes as large as 6.87 on the Richter scale. This poses a serious threat to all of the buildings that are currently located within this region. A recent study has found that typical three-storey Unreinforced Masonry (URM) buildings in the Cape Town area shows a high probability of failure or damage if subjected to such a large earthquake. Many of these buildings can be found in an area of Cape Town called the Cape Flats, housing approximately 11 000 individuals. The structural integrity of these buildings are of concern to engineers since it houses a number of individuals. The purpose of the study was to develop a risk assessment procedure that could be used to assess low-rise multi-storey (2, 3 and 4 storeys) URM buildings in order to determine where the risk of earthquake related damage would be the highest. The risk assessment procedure compared various characteristics regarding the buildings, residents, seismic attributes of the region and the recovery capability of the residents. The result, in the form of a risk rating, enabled the buildings to be prioritized according to their seismic risk. The aim was to develop a comparative model which could be applied to a range of buildings, indicating where the impact of an earthquake would be greatest. This result could then be used for further remedial action (such as retrofitting) where it is needed the most. The risk assessment procedure used an Earthquake Risk Assessment Model (ERAM) which was specifically developed to assess the earthquake risk of each building with the use of 26 factors. These factors would each be individually scored and through the ERAM model would produce a risk rating. The buildings' can then be ranked (prioritized) according to it's risk rating to determine where remedial actions or procedures are needed first. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Wes-Kaap is een van die mees seismiese aktiewe streke in Suid-Afrika. Dit bevat geologiese eienskappe wat aardbewings met groottes van 6,87 op die Richterskaal kan laat ontwikkel (1 in 475 jaar herhaal periode). Dit hou 'n bedreiging vir baie die geboue wat tans in hierdie streek geleë is. 'n Onlangse studie het bevind dat tipiese drie-verdieping lasdraende steengeboue in die omgewing van Kaapstad 'n hoë waarskynlikheid van faling of skade toon as dit blootgestel word aan 'n groot aardbewing. Baie van hierdie geboue kan gevind word in 'n gebied van Kaapstad genaamd die Kaapse Vlakte, wat vir ongeveer 11 000 individue behuising bied. Die strukturele integriteit van hierdie geboue is van belang aangesien dit 'n groot aantal individue huisves. Die doel van die studie was om 'n risiko-evaluerings proses te ontwikkel wat gebruik kan word om multi-verdieping (2, 3 en 4 verdiepings) lasdraende steengeboue te evalueer ten opsigte van aardbewing verwante skade. Die risiko-evaluering proses vergelyk verskeie kenmerke van die geboue, die inwoners, seismiese eienskappe van die streek en die vermoë van die inwoners om terug te keer na hul alledaagse leefstyl. Die resultaat is in die vorm van 'n risiko-gradering, wat die gebruiker in staat stel om die geboue te prioritiseer volgens hul aardbewings risiko. Die doel was om 'n vergelykende model te ontwikkel wat toegepas kan word om 'n verskeidenheid van geboue te evalueer, en aan te dui waar die impak van 'n aardbewing die grootste sal wees. Hierdie resultaat kan dan gebruik word vir verdere remediërende optrede of prosedures soos versterkings. Die risiko-evaluerings proses gebruik 'n "Earthquake Risk Assessment Model" (ERAM) wat spesifiek ontwikkel is om die aardbewings-risiko van elke gebou te evalueer met die gebruik van 26 faktore. Hierdie faktore word elkeen individueel beoordeel en 'n risiko-gradering word verkry met behulp van die ERAM model. Die geboue kan dan geprioritiseer word volgens elkeen se risiko-gradering om te bepaal waar daar remediërende optrede nodig is.