This study is concerned with the description of the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the attributive adjective self-proclaimed, employing corpus-linguistic methodology to explore its meaning from user-based data. The initial query provided the material from which a lexical pro-file of the target word was constructed, systematically describing collocational data, semantic preferences, semantic associations and discourse prosodies. Qualitative analysis of sample con-cordances illustrated the role of the target word in expressing different kinds of meaning-bearing stances. The results demonstrate the importance of context and communicative functionality as constraints determining meaning, determining the discourse prosodies of self-proclaimed as one of either negation; accepted-positive and accepted-negative. Further, the analysis of self-proclaimed as a stance marker indicates the linking evaluative meanings of extended lexical units to the project of linguistic description of intersubjective stancetaking as a possibly fruitful venue for research

This qualitative study has its starting point in women's experiences around self-proclaimed singlehood. The sociological relevance in this study is to study how self-proclaimed single womens life situations look and how their living conditions are affected by this choice. The studies overall purpose is to get a deeper understanding of heterosexuall womens conscious choice of not to enter in a relationship with a person of the opposite sex, thus becoming a self-proclaimed single. The study has resulted in a survey of which driving forces that affect women's life choices. This was achieved through a qualitative method where in-depth interviews were used to collect the empirical material. To be able to create a deeper understanding of the chosen fenomenon and be able to analyze the material we have used the concepts of social construction, performativity and theories about the woman in the reflexive modernity. The primary result shows that the women from the group of focus have had bad experiences of both their own and others relationships. It can be about anything from infidelity, inequality, controlling behaviour, shortcomings in responsibility and implied expectations of sex. These factors entailed such great restrictions and adjustments in their everyday lives that they eventually came to an insight about their living standard becoming far too suffering in relation to the benefits of entering in a relationship. The conclusion became that singlehood gives an opportunity to more freedom and space for both independence and self-realization. / Denna kvalitativa studie tar sin utgångspunkt i kvinnors upplevelser kring självvalt singelskap. Den sociologiska relevansen i denna studie är att undersöka hur självvalda singelkvinnors livssituation ser ut och hur deras livsvillkor påverkas av detta val.  Studiens övergripande syfte är att få en djupare förståelse över heterosexuella kvinnors medvetna val om att inte ingå i ett förhållande med en person av det motsatta könet, således vara självvalt singel. Studien har utmynnat i en kartläggning av vilka drivkrafter som påverkar kvinnors levnadsval. Detta uppnåddes genom en kvalitativ metod där djupintervjuer användes för att samla in det empiriska materialet. För skapa en djupare förståelse för det valda fenomenet och kunna analysera materialet har vi använt oss av begreppen social konstruktion och performativitet samt teorier om kvinnan i den reflexiva moderniteten. Det huvudsakliga resultatet visar på att kvinnorna från fokusgruppen har haft dåliga upplevelser av både egna och andras förhållanden. Det kan handla om allt från otrohet, ojämställdhet, kontrollerade beteende, brister i ansvarstagande och underförstådda förväntningar på sex. Dessa faktorer medförde såpass stora begränsningar och anpassningar i deras vardag att de slutligen kom till en insikt om att deras levnadsstandard blev allt för lidande i förhållande till nyttan med att ingå i en relation. Slutsatsen blev att singelskap gav en möjlighet till mer frihet och utrymme för både självständighet och självförverkligande.

Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2018-03-19T22:38:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Gustavo Ribas.pdf: 5321723 bytes, checksum: 2c6704a0d349aa7f361b6019d47cc22c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-19T22:38:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Gustavo Ribas.pdf: 5321723 bytes, checksum: 2c6704a0d349aa7f361b6019d47cc22c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-12 / A partir de um cenário em que se está impulsionando a criação de iniciativas autodenominadas independentes no jornalismo brasileiro, sobretudo na internet, com redações de pequeno e médio porte, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, por meio de estudos de caso, como se configura o jornalismo autodenominado independente em iniciativas digitais com escopo na região Amazônica, criadas no jornalismo do século XXI. A proposta da pesquisa, que se desenvolve na linha de pesquisa 1, Processos de produção jornalística, do Programa de Pós Graduação Mestrado em Jornalismo da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, é verificar como se caracteriza o campo jornalístico dos profissionais que idealizaram os sites autodenominados independentes Amazônia Real e InfoAmazonia, identificar o que se compreende por “independência” em um contexto formatado por novos modelos de gestão e aferir nos produtos jornalísticos uma possível relação entre aspectos de noticiabilidade e independência jornalística. O que essas iniciativas autodenominadas independentes com escopo na região Amazônica nos revelam tanto sobre a cultura profissional quanto normas profissionais subjacentes? A trajetória profissional dos idealizadores da Amazônia Real e InfoAmazonia influencia nos modelos de gestão adotados? A criação de uma iniciativa autodenominada independente propicia uma autonomia profissional do jornalista? Que tipo de tensões interferem na prática profissional nessas iniciativas? Para isso, a reflexão considera as transformações do mercado em jornalismo no século XXI, suas repercussões no campo profissional e a emergência de novos modelos de gestão. A fundamentação teórica se estabelece em campos sociais e campo jornalístico, hiperconcorrência, governança e novos modelos de gestão, noções de configuração de um possível jornalismo independente e cultura profissional, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Além destas metodologias, o trabalho utiliza técnicas de entrevista com profissionais que fundaram as iniciativas autodenominadas independentes de jornalismo Amazônia Real e InfoAmazonia, representante da Fundação Ford, que financia diretamente a Amazônia Real e indiretamente o InfoAmazonia, e análise sistematizada de produtos jornalísticos concebidos pelos empreendimentos. Um dos apontamentos das considerações finais indica que mesmo condicionadas a novos modelos de gestão, distantes daqueles praticados nos meios tradicionais, as iniciativas autodenominadas independentes precisam desenvolver outras características que justifiquem a “independência”, como os critérios de noticiabilidade. / In a cenario that is stimulating the establishment of self-proclaimed independent Brazilian journalism initiatives, specially on the internet, with small to medium editorial newsrooms, the aim of this study is to analyze, through case studies, how this self-proclaimed independent journalism in digital media is characterized in the Amazon region in the 21st century. The objective of this research, which was conducted in accordance with the main research topic, that is, the Process of journalism production, in the Post-Graduation Program Master’s in Journalism at Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, is: to ascertain the characteristics of the journalistic field of the professionals who created the self-proclaimed independent sites Amazônia Rea e InfoAmazonia; to identify what is meant by “independence” in a context that is defined by new management models; and to gauge a possible relation between aspects of newsworthiness and journalistic independence. What do these self-proclaimed independent initiatives in the Amazon region reveal both about professional culture and underlying professional standards? Does the professional experience of the founders of Amazônia Real and InfoAmazonia influence the management models adopted? Does the establishment of a self-proclaimed independent initiative give the journalist professional authonomy? What type of tensions interfere in the professional practices of these initiatives? For these purposes, this analysis considers the transformation of the journalism market in the 21st century, its repercussions on the professional field and the emergence of new management models. The theoretical principles are based on the social and journalistic fields, hypercompetition, governance and new management models, basic concepts of the definition of possible independent journalism and professional culture, based on bibliographic and documental research. Besides these methodologies, this dissertation uses interviews techniques with the founders of the self-proclaimed independent journalism initiatives Amazônia Real e InfoAmazonia, the representing of Ford Foundation, that directly contributes with Amazônia Real and indirectly with InfoAmazonia, and a systematized analysis of the journalistic products conceived by these organizations. One of the final considerations applies that even though defined by new management models, different from the ones practiced by traditional media, the self-proclaimed independent initiatives need to develop other characteristics that justify the “independence”, like the newsworthiness.

MPD is an entity within the SANDF responsible for maintaining law and order, prevent and combat crime, investigates criminal cases or alleged within the DoD. The role of the MPs has changed drastically over the past years especially after the integration of the non-statutory and statutory forces with all changes in crime growth increased in South Africa and affected the DoD. This led to the MPD shifting from disciplinary crime prevention issues to criminal crime prevention, as the basic mission of the police is to prevent crime and disorder. MPs form part of the police agencies that are within South Africa, the uniqueness of the MPs they operating within the SANDF but they cannot be isolated from the complicated growing crime phenomenon that affects the whole South African community. As crime prevention is the catchphrase for all the police agencies and government departments, it is imperative for the MPs to align its crime prevention to the modern policing. This study gives a comprehensive explanation of what crime prevention is, from the literature reviewed relevant to the study, with the aim to critically analyse the role of the MPs in crime prevention within the military proclaimed environment. The researcher collected data in the form of unstructured interviews, documents and literature. Collected data was transcribed; larger text was broken into smaller segments, coded and then selected into themes. Participants had different views of the understanding of the meaning of crime prevention and different comprehension of the MPs crime prevention guideline and procedures. This analysis was done in order to determine the level of understanding of the role of the MPs, in crime prevention within the military proclaimed environment and how MPs can be effective and efficient within this environment. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Police Practice)