Almedahls have for some time started to receive more customer complaints about uneven roller blind fabrics or so-called waves over fabric. The waves are a major problem for Almedahls customers since they make it hard to cut the fabric into roller blinds. The company believes that the waves appear due to different process parameters within their finishing line but the company do not yet know how or where. The thesis project strives to find an explanation to what waves over fabric are, why they appear and how they can be reduced. The documentation that Almedahls have made of the problem so far, including photographs and customer complaints reports, was examined. Orders produced from four selected grey-weaves during the last three years was examined and compared to received customer complaints and standard operations lists. No clear relationship was found and weaves with longer process lines did not seem to cause more waves to appear. However, addition of an extra colouring to the standard operations appeared to be more frequently occurring when a standard operations list had been changed.Waves over fabric were at an early stage related to the mechanical properties of the weaves as the weaves are exposed to stresses and strains during the entire production line. In Almedahls’ finishing line the web and the beam tensions and the levelling mechanisms in the stenter frames appeared to be the parameters which especially apply stresses and strains. Tensile tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of a few of Almedahls grey-weaves and half processed weave. The test results showed that a strain between 11-27 % can be applied before the test samples start to deform while calculations of the amount of strain applied by the stenter frames showed to be much less, between 2.5-3.5 %. The difference in size between the test samples and the weaves must be considered when comparing these results. The small, repeated strains applied by the finishing line may eventually lead to permanent deformation of the weaves and appear as waves. The combination of the web and the beam tensions can also result in a stretch in the bias-direction of the weave which cause deformation in the middle of the weave where waves most often appear.The thermal properties of the same weaves were also tested through DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, tests. The test results showed that the polyester material in the weaves does not melt or deform at the temperatures Almedahls use in their processes. The shrinkage of the grey-weaves during the de-sizing processes was also considered through width measurements. The conclusion was that the structure of the grey-weave influences how much the weave will shrink and the dimension change of the weave may influence the appearance of waves and needs more investigation. / Program: Magisterutbildning i textilteknologi

No description available.

En la siguiente investigación se busca impulsar al sector construcción en el Perú hacia las nuevas tendencias de construcción como metodologías de construcción, nuevas formas de gestionar un proyecto y llevar un control activo para acercar al sector a la industrialización de la construcción conocida como “Contruction 4.0”. Evidencia de ello es que ya se están realizando construcciones con elementos prefabricados que han garantizado la mejora en la calidad del producto, pero la forma de gestionar este nuevo método constructivo, y en general cualquier método, se encuentra aún deficiente generando ciertos conflictos en la cadena de producción de proyectos de construcción de edificaciones inmobiliarias que repercuten en tiempo y costo del proyecto. Se aplica una metodología de gestión utilizando dos herramientas informáticas vigentes que están dando excelentes resultados en países extranjeros que son el BIM y el ERP. Ambas se focalizan en la integración de la información y un trabajo dinámico constante para mejorar la interacción entre las partes involucradas. Se realizó una simulación con las herramientas para evaluar las mejoras que la metodología puede contribuir en la cadena de producción de elementos prefabricados comparando los resultados obtenidos con la ponderación de datos reales de 3 casos de estudio que se seleccionaron por presentar una tendencia en problemas con más recurrencia. Se evidenciará una reducción en tiempo y costo lo que genera altas expectativas en su aplicación en un proyecto real. / The following research seeks to boost the construction sector in Peru towards new construction trends such as construction methodologies, new ways of managing a project and keeping active control to bring the sector closer to the industrialization of construction known as “Contruction 4.0 " Evidence of this is that constructions are already being carried out with prefabricated elements that have guaranteed the improvement in the quality of the product, but the way to manage this new construction method, and in general any method, is still deficient generating certain conflicts in the chain of production of construction projects of real estate buildings that impact on time and cost of the project. A management methodology is applied using two current computer tools that are giving excellent results in foreign countries that are BIM and ERP. Both focus on the integration of information and a constant dynamic work to improve the interaction between the parties involved. A simulation was carried out with the tools to evaluate the improvements that the methodology can contribute in the production chain of prefabricated elements comparing the results obtained with the weighting of real data of 3 case studies that were selected for presenting a trend in problems with more recurrence A reduction in time and cost will be evidenced, which generates high expectations in its application in a real project. / Tesis

The diploma work focuses on designing an automated machining, finishing and assembly line. Described in the chapters are the current technology of production, suggestions, the choice of a new solution and a technological-economical evaluation including capacitive and costs of running the production line and a comparison with the current technology. The result is proof that the return of the investment is roughly in one third.

This master’s thesis deals with the safety of a selected production node of an automated body production line. The first part is focused on a recherche of relevant directives by the Council and the European parliament. Follows a systems analysis of a solving issue and description of the production line. In the next part of the thesis, there is an accomplished analysis of harmonized standards in the safety of the production line. Furthermore, there is made hazard identification, risk estimation and risk assessment. The last part of the thesis is focused on a variants creation of safety of a workplace, technical-economic consideration of variants and computations for a final variant of the workplace.

This thesis introduces company ABB Brno and its products. It describes the manufacturing process of a switchgear and it is focused at working procedures at particular points of the assembly line. The main part analyzes the root causes of the incompleteness of switchgears in the relation to the components availability. Time footprint was worked out. As a conclusion the proposal of changes in manufacturing process to improve the level of completeness are stated.

This thesis is focused on collecting and analysing data from production of decorated plastic parts for Automotive. One of the aims is to describe actual situation of storing data and design new data model for this application.

This study examines the automatization potential for two production lines at Scania Transmission workshop in Södertälje using Industry 4.0 technologies. In order to do so, the capabilities of the operational performance and safety features of cobots and an Automated Visual Inspection System is theoretically investigated and intended to substitute CNC operators on certain tasks such as loading of conveyors and quality controls. The purpose of the study is to generate a realistic approach and give insight to the benefits of a future practical implementation.Previous research around these technologies as well as the actual data recordings and several interviews that took place during on-site visits is presented. The results show that a significant amount of time can be saved and allocated differently. Based on the findings of the study, a layout for the cobots and AVIS placement is proposed, aiming for CNC operator’s better control over the critical parts of the production lines, thus contributing to a much more manageable workflow.

This work deals with analysis one of the production lines at ModusLink Czech Republic s.r.o. It seeks to find possibilities for automation of different processes on the line, currently performed manually. The basic focus is to find the appropriate technical solutions to the automated control of the designated production line. The work seeks to describe all meaningful solutions and compare their advantages and disadvantages. From this comparison of the final proposal is based on comprehensive solutions with the use of machine vision. Another point is the selection of a suitable contractor for the implementation of the proposal, making its advantage in economic terms and the resulting recommendations, if implemented the proposal.

Målet med detta projekt var att optimera produktionslinjen för att maximera antalet färdigställda artiklar som produceras. Projektet påbörjades med en planering och en undersökning av de verktygen som skulle användas så som simulering, lean och information relaterat till produktionslinjen. Därefter modellerades den i simulerings-verktyget utifrån den faktainsamlingen som utfördes och simuleringsmetoden. När modellen var klar utfördes experimentella tester för att undersökningar hur specifika faktorer så som strategiskt placerade buffertar och antalet operatörer påverkade effektiviteten på produktionslinjens bearbetning. Utifrån resultaten av dessa tester bestäms en optimal nivå för faktorerna som skall användas i full factorial design testerna. Med dessa tester utförda kunde det noteras att ingen optimering kunde utföras på produktionslinjen då simuleringen uppnådde endast 72% när målet för produktionslinjen är 75%. Istället gavs andra strategiska rekommendationer på vad företaget kunde göra för att öka effektiviteten på produktionslinjen. Dessa rekommendationer inkluderar, en tillfällig buffert, vänta ut de tillfälliga stoppen, åtgärda avvikande processteg och minska kassationerna. / The goal of this project was to optimize the production line to maximize the number of completed items produced. The project started with a planning and research of the tools which will be used such as simulation, lean principles, and information related to the production line. Thereafter, it was modelled in the simulation tool based on the data collection that was carried out and the simulation method. Once the model was ready, experimental tests were conducted to investigate how specific factors, such as strategically placed buffers and the number of operators, affected the efficiency of the production line's processing. Based on the results of these tests, an optimal level for the factors to be used in the full factorial design tests was determined. With these tests performed, it was noted that no optimization could be carried out on the production line as the simulation achieved only 72% efficiency when the target for the production line is 75%. Instead, other strategic recommendations were provided on what the company could do to increase the efficiency of the production line. These recommendations include, a temporary buffer, waiting out temporary stoppages, addressing deviant process steps, and reducing rejections.