Yes / Background: This study investigated predictors of response to topical diphenylyclopropenone (DPCP) immunotherapy in patients with alopecia areata (AA). Objective: To identify predictors of response, or resistance, to treatment for AA through clinical observations and serum tests. Methods: Eighty four AA patients were treated with DPCP. Serum cytokine levels were measured in 33 AA patients pre- and post-treatment, and in 18 healthy controls, using ELISA assays. Results: Of patients, 56.1% responded to DPCP with satisfactory hair regrowth; the response rate was negatively correlated with hair loss extent. Before DPCP treatment, higher serum IFN-γ and IL-12 cytokine levels were observed in AA patients compared to healthy controls. Non-responders to DPCP had significantly elevated serum IL-4 pre-treatment (3.07 fold higher) and lower IL-12 levels compared with responders. After DPCP treatment, non-responders had persistently high IL-4, increased IL-12, negligible decrease in IFN-γ and decreased IL-10. Post-treatment DPCP responders exhibited significantly decreased IFN-γ and IL-12, and increased IL-4 and IL-10. Development of adverse side-effects was significantly associated with higher pre-treatment serum IgE levels. Limitations: A small number of subjects were evaluated. Conclusions: Potentially, elevated pre-treatment serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 can be used as unfavorable and favorable predictors of DPCP therapeutic effect, respectively. In addition, pre-treatment elevated serum total IgE may predict increased risk for severe adverse side-effects to DPCP application. Whether serum cytokine expression levels can be used as predictors of response to other forms of treatment is unknown, but it may warrant investigation in the development of personalized treatments for AA. / This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573066) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2014A030313098) to Xingqi Zhang.

ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada / Spacecraft and launch vehicle reliability is dominated by premature equipment failures and surprise equipment failures that increase risk and decrease safety, mission assurance and effectiveness. Large, complex aerospace systems such as aircraft, launch vehicle and satellites are first subjected to most exhaustive and comprehensive acceptance testing program used in any industry and yet suffer from the highest premature failure rates. Desired/required spacecraft equipment performance is confirmed during factory testing using telemetry, however equipment mission life requirement is not measured but calculated manually and so the equipment that will fail prematurely are not identified and replaced before use. Spacecraft equipment mission-life is not measured and confirmed before launch as performance is but calculated using stochastic equations from probability reliability analysis engineering standards such as MIL STD 217. The change in the engineering practices used to manufacture and test spacecraft necessary to identify the equipment that will fail prematurely include using a prognostic and health management (PHM) program. A PHM includes using predictive algorithms to convert equipment telemetry into a measurement of equipment remaining usable life. A PHM makes the generation, collection, storage and engineering and scientific analysis of equipment performance data "mission critical" rather than just nice-to-have engineering information.

Metástase é o fator prognóstico mais importante em pacientes com osteossarcoma. A identificação de genes que são cruciais para disseminação metastática é de grande interesse não só para o entendimento básico dos processos moleculares e celulares envolvidos, mas também por prover um potencial de novos alvos terapêuticos. No osteossarcoma tem sido relatado que o gene Ezrin, membro da família ERM (Ezrin- Radixin-Moesin) é importante para que ocorra metástase. Consiste em um componente do citoesqueleto que tem sido responsavel por muitas funções, como, por exemplo, como condutor de sinais entre superfície celular associada à metástase e tradução do sinal. Isto sugere que o gene Ezrin têm a chave da coordenação de sinais e do complexo celular que são necessários para o sucesso da ocorrência de metástases. CD44 é conhecida como a primeira proteína de superfície que demonstrou interação com as proteínas do complexo ERM. Formam um complexo que exerce diversos papéis em células normais e particularmente nas células do câncer. Aumento na expressão de CD44 potencialmente leva a um aumento funcional da ativação do Ezrin e tem sido correlacionada com aumento da invasão do osteossarcoma. Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo é correlacionar a expressão da proteína Ezrin e CD44 com fatores clínicos, identificar fatores prognósticos, sugerindo uma estratificação dos pacientes de risco, para que possa ser proposta no futuro uma terapêutica mais efetiva e com menor toxicidade. Casuística e Métodos: Foram revistos 52 pacientes com osteossarcoma tratados no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos entre 2000 e 2005. O tumor ósseo é uma das neoplasias sólidas mais freqüentes em nossa Instituição, representando aproximadamente 15% dos casos novos/ano. Devido a algumas particularidades, como atendimentos de pacientes em âmbito nacional, tivemos 46,2 % de pacientes metastáticos ao diagnóstico, 37,3 % de tumores maiores que 15 cm, 30,2 % de amputações e 11,5 % de recaídas locais em cirurgias conservadoras. Não demonstramos associação da duração dos sintomas com o tamanho do tumor, presença de metástases. O nível de expressão da proteína Ezrin e CD44H foi avaliado por imunoistoquimica na biópsia inicial em 34 amostras. O nível de expressão pela coloração imunoistoquímica foi classificada em 1+ (1 - 25%), 2+ (26 - 50%), 3+ (51 - 75%), 4+ (76 - 100%) para a proteína Ezrin e o CD44 foi classificada como negativa (até 10%), 1+ (até 50%) e 2+ (até 100%). Foi realizado um escore para classificar a expressão do Ezrin em baixa e alta expressão (levando em consideração a intensidade e a proporção de células coradas) e interação da expressão de ezrin com grau de responsividade à quimioterapia. A associação entre as variáveis foi realizada usando o teste de quiquadrado. O cálculo dos estimadores da probabilidade de sobrevida foi realizado pelo técnica de Kaplan-Meier e as comparações entre as curvas foi realizado pelo teste de log rank. Resultados: A imunorreatividade da proteína Ezrin foi detectada na maioria dos pacientes com osteossarcoma (76%), com igual distribuição em citoplasma e membrana (38,2%). Quanto à intensidade de coloração, tivemos 58,9% forte. Na escala semiquantitativa metade dos casos apresentou mais de 50% das células coradas. No escore que associa intensidade de coloração e proporção de células coradas tivemos 50,0% com alta expressão. Cinqüenta por cento dos pacientes apresentaram CD44H positivo, sendo predominante no citoplasma (38,2%). Na escala semiquantitativa 20,6 % apresentava coloração em mais de 50% das células. Ambos os marcadores não mostraram associação a nenhuma variável clínico-patológicas estudada. Entre os pacientes que apresentaram imunoreatividade de ezrin positivos a taxa de sobrevida apresentada em 5 anos foi de 12,8% versus com 41,7% dos pacientes com ezrin negativo.(p = 0,121). O escore realizado com a imunoreatividade de ezrin também não mostrou papel na sobrevida (p: 0,558). Já a interação da positividade de Ezrin com má resposta histológica para pacientes não metastáticos mostrou associação com sobrevida livre de recaída em 5 anos (100% x 12,7%; p: 0,042). Quanto à taxa de sobrevida global foi semelhante para pacientes com CD44 positivo (21,5%) ou negativo (25,3%) (p: 0,676). Conclusão: Em nossa experiência, a imunoexpressao de CD44H nem Ezrin mostraram ser preditor do prognóstico em pacientes com osteossarcoma. Os resultados sugerem que são necessárias outras investigações para melhor definir a relação entre padrão de expressão de Ezrin e CD44, status funcional e sobrevida em portadores de osteossarcoma. / Metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in patients with osteosarcoma. Identification of genes that are crucial for metastatic dissemination is of great interest, not only to gain a basic understanding of the molecular and cellular processes involved, but also to provide the potential for new therapeutic targets. In relation to osteosarcoma, it has been reported that the Ezrin gene, a member of the ERM family (ezrin-radixin-moesin), is important for enabling metastasis. Ezrin is a component of the cytoskeleton that has been implicated in many functions, for example as a conductor of signals between cell surfaces associated with metastasis and signal translation. This suggests that Ezrin holds the key to coordination of the signals and cell complexes needed for successful metastasis to occur. CD44 is known as the first surface protein that was shown to interact with proteins of the ERM complex. It forms a complex that plays various roles in normal cells and particularly in cancer cells. Increased CD44 expression potentially leads to functional increases in Ezrin activation and has been correlated with greater osteosarcoma invasion. Objective: The aim of this study was to correlate the expression of the Ezrin and CD44 proteins with clinical factors and identify prognostic factors, thereby enabling stratification of patients at risk, so that therapy of greater effectiveness and lower toxicity can be proposed in the future. Sample and Methods: Data on 52 patients with osteosarcoma who were treated at Barretos Cancer Hospital between 2000 and 2005 were reviewed. Bone tumors are among the types of solid neoplasia most frequently seen in our institution, accounting for around 15% of the new cases every year. Because of certain special features such as our institution\'s national-level attendance, 46.2% of the patients were metastatic at diagnosis, 37.3% of the tumors were larger than 15 cm, 30.2% of the cases led to amputation and 11.5% of the conservatively operated cases presented local relapse. We did not find any association between symptoms and either tumor size or presence of metastases. The expression levels of the Ezrin and CD44H proteins were evaluated using immunohistochemistry on the initial biopsy, for 34 samples. From the immunohistochemical staining, the Ezrin protein expression level was classified as 1+ (1 - 25%), 2+ (26 - 50%), 3+ (51 - 75%) or 4+ (76 - 100%). CD44 was classified as negative (up to 10%), 1+ (up to 50%) or 2+ (up to 100%). The Ezrin expression was scored to classify it as low or high (considering the intensity and proportion of stained cells) and the interaction of Ezrin expression with the degree of responsiveness to chemotherapy. The chi-square test was used to correlate the variables. Estimators for survival likelihood were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier technique and the curves were compared using the log-rank test. Results: Most patients with osteosarcoma (76%) were immunoreactive for Ezrin protein, equally distributed between cytoplasm and membrane (38.2%). High-intensity staining was found in 58.9%. On the semiquantitative scale, half of the cases presented more than 50% of the cells stained. From the score correlating staining intensity and proportion of cells stained, 50.0% showed high expression. Half of the patients were positive for CD44H, predominantly in cytoplasm (38.2%). On the semiquantitative scale, 20.6% presented staining in more than 50% of the cells. Neither of the markers showed associations with any of the clinicopathological variables studied. Among the patients who were immunoreactive for Ezrin, the five-year survival rate was 12.8%, while it was 41.7% among Ezrinnegative patients (p = 0.121). The score relating to Ezrin immunoreactivity was not shown to have a role in survival (p = 0.558). However, the interaction between Ezrinpositive findings and poor histological response among non-metastatic patients showed an association with five-year relapse-free survival (100% x 12.7%; p = 0.042). The overall survival rates for CD44-positive and negative patients were similar (21.5% and 25.3%, respectively) (p = 0.676). Conclusion: In our experience, neither CD44H nor Ezrin immunoexpression predicted the prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma. The results suggest that further investigations are needed in order to better define the relationships between Ezrin and CD44 expression patterns, functional status and survival among patients with osteosarcoma.

A extensão anatômica do tumor é o fator mais importante na avaliação do prognóstico e planejamento do tratamento dos carcinomas epidermóides da cabeça e do pescoço. Além do TNM, outros parâmetros relacionados ao paciente e ao tumor auxiliam na avaliação do prognóstico. Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar fatores prognósticos demográficos, clínicos, tumorais e histopatológicos, associados à sobrevida e resposta ao tratamento no carcinoma da orofaringe. Trata-se de uma análise de 361 pacientes, submetidos à radioterapia exclusiva ou associada à quimioterapia, de 1990 a 2001, no Hospital A. C. Camargo (São Paulo) e Hospital Erasto Gaertner (Curitiba, Paraná). Entre as variáveis estudadas, encontra-se a gravidade dos sintomas, avaliada conforme o modelo de Piccirillo e Pugliano. Foram analisados os sistemas de estadiamento de Berg, TANIS 3, TANIS 4, Hart, Kiricuta e Hall, que são modificações do TNM feitas a partir do reagrupando das categorias T e N, com a finalidade de melhorar a avaliação do prognóstico. A análise estatística utilizou o método de Kaplan-Meier e o modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Os principais resultados foram que a maioria dos tumores era da tonsila (47%) ou base da língua (28%), estádios clínicos III (13%) e IV (80%). A radioterapia exclusiva foi empregada em 73% dos casos. Houve resposta ao tratamento em 65% dos casos e 80% dos pacientes foram a óbito pela doença. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 24 meses, e as variáveis significativas na avaliação da sobrevida global, que aos 5 anos foi de 18%, foram: idade em anos ( 45: 13%; 46 55: 23%; 56 65: 19%; 66 75: 12%; > 75: 7%) (p = 0,0425); índice de Zubrod (1: 24%; 2: 8%; 3: 0%) (p < 0,001); emagrecimento (presente: 13%; ausente: 29%) (p = 0,0022); comorbidades (presentes: 11%; ausentes: 26%) (p < 0,001); estádio de Piccirillo (local: 31%, extra-local: 15%; regional: 14%) (p< 0,001); estádio de Pugliano (nenhum: 44%; leve: 15%; moderado: 13%; severo: 12%) (p< 0,001); envolvimento de partes moles (ausente: 21%; espaço carotídeo: 4%; espaço mastigatório: 0%) (p < 0,001); mobilidade dos linfonodos (móveis: 15%; semi-fixos: 12%; fixos: 6%) (p = 0,0300); dose de RT (< 60 Gy: 3%; 60 a 69Gy: 14%; 70 Gy: 22%) (p < 0,001). Todos os sistemas de estadiamento foram significativos na análise da sobrevida (p < 0,001) e na população estudada, destacaram-se o TANIS 3, Hart e Berg. A resposta ao tratamento foi melhor nos tumores do palato mole e exofíticos (p =0,022). A análise multivariada mostrou como fatores independentes: o índice de Zubrod, o estádio de gravidade dos sintomas de Pugliano, a presença de comorbidades, o estadiamento de Berg e a dose da radioterapia. Observou-se que a combinação de fatores clínicos, tais como sintomatologia, estado geral, emagrecimento e comorbidades, resulta num estádio de gravidade clínica de grande relevância, podendo ser associada aos dados morfológicos do TNM, para uma melhor avaliação do prognóstico do carcinoma da orofaringe / The size of a tumor is the most important anatomic factor for assessing the prognosis and planning the treatment of head and neck tumors.. In addition to TNM, other factors contribute to the assessment of the prognosis, such as symptoms, comorbidities, macroscopic and microscopic features of the tumor, among others. The objective of this study was to identify demographic, clinical, tumoral and histopathological prognostic factors associated with patient survival and treatment response. We reviewed 361 medical records of patients with oropharynx squamous carcinoma, admitted to the Hospital A. C. Camargo and Hospital Erasto Gaertner, submitted to radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy, from 1990 to 2001. Among the variables we studied, the severity of the symptoms was assessed according to Piccirillos and Puglianos staging systems. We also analyzed the staging systems developed by Berg, TANIS 3, TANIS 4, Hart, Kiricuta and Hall, which are TNM modifications based upon the regrouping of the T and N categories, aiming to improve the prognosis assessment. As for the statistical analysis, we used the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox model. The main results were the following: most tumors were sited at the tonsil (47%) or base of the tongue (28%), at clinical stage III (13%) or IV (80%). Radiotherapy alone was used in 73% of the cases. Treatment response was achieved by 65% of the patients, mortality was seen in 80% of the cases. The average follow-up time was of 24 months, and the significant variables in the assessment of overall survival, which was of 17.6 % at 5 years, were the following: age in years ( 45: 13%; 46 55: 23%; 56 65: 19%; 66 75: 12%; > 75: 7%) (p = 0.0425); Zubrod scale (1: 24%; 2: 8%; 3: 0%) (p < 0.001); weight loss (present: 13%; absent: 29%) (p = 0.0022); comorbidities (present: 11%; absent: 26%) (p = 0.0006); Piccirillos staging (local: 31%; extra-local: 15%; regional: 14%) (p< 0.001); Puglianos staging (none: 44%; mild: 15%; moderate: 13%; severe: 12%) (p < 0.001); involvement of soft areas (absent: 21%; carotid area: 4%; masticatory area: 0%) (p < 0.001); lymph node mobility (movable: 15%; semifixed: 12%; fixed: 6%) (p = 0.03); RT doses (< 60 Gy: 3%; 60 a 69Gy: 14%; 70 Gy: 22%) (p < 0,001). All the staging systems were significant for survival analysis (p < 0.001), and the ones that stood out were TANIS 3, Hart and Berg. Treatment response was better in the soft palate and exophytic tumors (p = 0.022). The multivariate analysis showed, as independent factors, the Zubrod scale, Puglianos clinical severity staging system, comorbidities, Bergs staging and the radiotherapy dose. We have come to the conclusion that the combination of clinical factors, such as symptomatology, the patients general condition, weight loss and comorbidities, leads to a highly relevant stage of clinical severity. As far as the prognosis assessment of oropharynx carcinoma is concerned, such factors may be associated with the TNM morphological features

Introdução: O câncer colorretal é um dos mais frequentes no mundo ocidental. Novas medidas de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento vêm melhorando o prognóstico para os pacientes, com novos achados biológicos inferindo relação com a evolução da doença. A PPARG é um receptor nuclear abundantemente expresso em células epiteliais do cólon, e variações na sua expressão podem ser relacionadas à evolução clínica do câncer colorretal. Objetivo: Avaliar a expressão gênica do PPARG em tumores colorretais e relacionar este dado com variáveis clínicas dos pacientes, como: idade, tipo histológico, CEA, estadiamento e a evolução clínica. Casuística e métodos: Analisamos a expressão gênica do PPARG em 50 amostras de tumores colorretais através da RT-PCR, e 20 amostras de tecido normal adjacente como controle. Os resultados destas quantificações foram correlacionados com as informações clínicas dos prontuários dos respectivos pacientes. Resultados: Houve menor expressão do PPARG no tecido tumoral em comparação ao tecido controle. Dentre os tumores, os pacientes com idade acima de 60 anos, tipo histológico com diferenciação mucinosa, estadiamento mais avançado ao diagnóstico e os pacientes que evoluíram com recidiva da doença ou óbito apresentavam maior expressão do PPARG. Discussão: Analisando os tecidos tumorais, pode-se inferir uma tendência a pior prognóstico nos pacientes com expressão mais elevada de PPARG. Esses achados, correlacionados aos demais estudos já publicados na literatura, apontam uma tendência desfavorável na evolução da doença. Estudos futuros com um maior número de pacientes e várias instituições podem inferir uma importância prognóstica e até terapêutica para a PPARG. / Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasm in the Western world. New strategies of prevention, early diagnosis and treatment have improved the prognosis for the patients, and new biological findings relate to the prognosis of the disease. PPARG is a nuclear receptor highly expressed in colon epithelial cells, and variations on its expression may be related to the clinical evolution of colorectal cancer. Objective: To evaluate the gene expression of PPARG in colorectal tumors and to correlate this data with clinical variables of the patients, such as: age, histological type, CEA, staging and clinical evolution. Casuistry and methods: We analyzed the gene expression of PPARG in 50 samples of colorectal tumors using RTPCR, and 20 adjacent normal tissue samples as control. The results of these quantifications were correlated with the respective patients\' medical records\' clinical information. Results: There was a lower PPARG expression in the tumor tissue compared to the control tissue. Among the tumors samples, patients older than 60 years, histological type with mucinous differentiation, more advanced staging at the time of diagnosis, and patients who evolved with recurrence of the disease or death presented higher PPARG expression. Discussion: Analyzing the tumor tissues, we can infer a tendency to worse prognosis in patients with higher PPARG expression. These findings, correlated with the other studies already published in the literature, point to na unfavorable trend in the disease\'s evolution. Future studies with a larger number of patients and several institutions may infer a prognostic and even therapeutic importance for PPARG.

The aim of this thesis was to investigate different aspects of male breast cancer (MBC), and to compare these with findings in female breast cancer (FBC). In paper I, a population–based study was performed to investigate possible differences in treatment and outcome between MBC and FBC patients. MBC and FBC presented with a similar distribution of stage. Although no differences in primary treatment strategy were demonstrated, MBC patients had significantly poorer overall and relative survival, indicating a more aggressive disease. Paper II aimed to assess the value of clinicopathological factors and molecular subtypes in MBC. One hundred and ninety-seven MBC tumors were characterized using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the findings were correlated to outcome. Lymph node positivity, larger tumor size and ER-negativity were independent risk factors for breast cancer death. Tumor grade, HER2, Ki 67 or IHC classification into molecular subtypes did not demonstrate any prognostic information. In paper III, the same patient material as in paper II was used for evaluation of proliferation markers. High levels of cyclin A and cyclin B expression and an elevated mitotic count were predictive of breast cancer death. Ki-67 was re-evaluated using different cut-offs, but no prognostic value could be demonstrated. Contrarily, overexpression of cyclin D1 was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer death. In papers IV-V, the molecular background of MBC tumors was investigated.  Global GEX analyses were performed and two novel subgroups of MBC tumors were identified; luminal M1 and luminal M2. When comparing the degree of similarity with the “intrinsic” subtypes in FBC tumors, more than half of the MBC tumors remained unclassified.  Comparative genomic hybridization was used to investigate DNA aberrations. Two MBC subgroups were identified, of which one did not resemble any of the female subgroups. In both studies on the molecular level, a majority of patients were classified into the subgroup with a more aggressive tumor behavior. In conclusion, MBC seems to be a unique tumor entity. The established molecular subtypes in FBC are not applicable in MBC. Other prognostic profiles, specific for MBC, need to be identified.

Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe and compare possible differences regarding selected prognostic factors for disability between patients with non-specific chronic pain who were about to start a multidisciplinary treatment program (MMR), either within primary care (MMR1) or hospital care (MMR2). METHODS: The study had a descriptive and comparative cross sectional design. Eighty-nine patients were recruited consecutively when they were about to start their team treatment (50 in MMR1,39 in MMR2). The measurements were; Evaluation of self-reported self-efficacy for eight daily activities (STIVA-8), The Pain Belief Screening Instrument (PBSI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS: The study found some significant differences between the answers from patients in MMR1 and those from patients in MMR2. For instance, patients in MMR2 estimated lower self-efficacy according to STIVA-8 than patients in MMR1. Also, there were fewer low risk patients and more high risk patients in MMR2 than in MMR1 regarding pain intensity according to PBSI. In addition to this, there were fewer patients without depression and more with moderate depression in MMR2 than in MMR1 according to HADS. No significant differences could be shown for either anxiety according to HADS or for low- and high risk regarding activity disability according to PBSI. No significant differences could be found when pain intensity was measured with mean values on a scale from 0-10. CONCLUSIONS: Patients in MMR2 experienced more negative consequences from their pain disease than patients in MMR1. Systematic use of standardized self-reported instruments for selected prognostic factors could be helpful when screening for complexity and make it easier to decide whether the rehabilitation should be within MMR1 or MMR2 for patients in need of MMR. / Sammanfattning SYFTE: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva och jämföra om patienter med långvarig smärtproblematik inom primärvård (MMR1) respektive specialiserad sjukhusvård (MMR2), som stod i begrepp att påbörja multimodal smärtrehabilitering (MMR), skattade olika avseende ett antal prognostiska faktorer för funktionsförmåga. METOD: Studien hade en deskriptiv och komparativ tvärsnittsdesign. Åttionio konsekutivt tillfrågade patienter deltog (50 i MMR1, 39 i MMR2). Datainsamlingen gjordes vid start av MMR med tre självskattningsformulär; Skattning av tilltro till sin förmåga att utföra åtta specificerade vardagsaktiviteter (STIVA-8), The Pain Belief Screening Instrument (PBSI) och Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTAT: Studien visade statistiskt signifikanta skillnader avseende att patienterna i MMR2 skattade lägre tilltro till sin förmåga enligt STIVA-8, det var färre andel lågriskpatienter och större andel högriskpatienter i MMR2 avseende smärtintensitet enligt PBSI samt färre andel patienter utan depression i MMR2 och fler med måttliga depressionsbesvär i MMR2 enligt HADS. Inga signifikanta skillnader kunde visas avseende låg- och högrisk för aktivitetsbegränsning enligt PBSI och inte heller för ångest enligt HADS. När smärtintensitet beräknades med medelvärde på skalan 0-10 fanns inga signifikanta skillnader. KONKLUSION: Patienterna i MMR2 skattade mer negativa konsekvenser av sin smärtsjukdom än i MMR1. Systematisk användning av skattningsformulär som ringar in olika prognostiska faktorer bör kunna underlätta selektion och sortering vid val av vårdnivå för patienter i behov av MMR.

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