Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Communications and Culture. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-105). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ99398

Revision of Thesis (doctoral)--University of Helsinki, 1978. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-112).

Thesis (Ph.D. (Education)) - Rhodes University, 2007.

Contexte Les programmes de promotion de la santé dans le milieu du travail sont des interventions complexes qui requièrent une compréhension des facteurs de risque pour l’identification des populations à cibler. Leur développement s’appuie souvent sur des méthodes de montage de projet qui ne tiennent pas compte de principes de promotion de la santé de la Charte d’Ottawa. Des approches méthodologiques adaptées sont nécessaires pour comprendre le fonctionnement de ces programmes. Objectifs Mener une réflexion autour de la promotion de la santé dans le milieu du travail à travers : (i) le développement de la « théorie de programme » d’une intervention de promotion de la santé intitulée « Plus Saine la Vie » réalisée à la Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français (SNCF) et (ii) l’identification des déterminants du diabète de type 2 et de l’hypertension artérielle que l’on peut mesurer en routine auprès d’une population de salariés en surpoids en milieu du travail. Méthodes L’outil de catégorisation des résultats de Promotion Santé Suisse a été utilisé pour développer la « théorie de programme » à l’aide d’une approche inductive fondée sur la documentation disponible sur l’intervention et l’observation de celle-ci sur le terrain. Vingt réunions itératives du comité de pilotage de l’intervention ont assuré la validation du processus qui a abouti au modèle final. Ensuite, nous avons utilisé la méthode de conception de programme proposée par Fry et Zask (2016) pour comprendre quels leviers d’action de la Charte d’Ottawa ont été mobilisés par l’intervention. L’identification des déterminants du diabète de type 2 et de l’hypertension artérielle a été réalisée par deux études transversales auprès des salariés en surpoids de la SNCF volontaires pour participer à un dépistage lors de la visite périodique de médecine du travail (janvier 2011- mars 2015). Résultats Une première « théorie de programme » a été développée avec des informations détaillées sur les activités, les résultats intermédiaires et les objectifs de l’intervention. Quatre axes stratégiques de la Charte d’Ottawa ont été mobilisés par l’intervention : création d’environnements favorables à la santé, renforcement de l’action communautaire, acquisition d’aptitudes individuelles et réorientation des services de santé. Dans la deuxième partie de notre travail, les quatre déterminants suivants ont été identifiés pour expliquer une hyperglycémie chez les salariés en surpoids : le sexe masculin, un âge ≥50 ans, une pression artérielle élevée (≥140/90 mm Hg), et une consommation quotidienne de produits sucrés. De plus, six déterminants ont été identifiés pour expliquer une pression artérielle élevée : le sexe masculin, un âge ≥40 ans, un indice de masse corporelle compris entre 27,5 et 29,9 kg/m², une hyperglycémie (mesurée par la glycémie capillaire ≥ 7 mmol/L), un risque élevé d'apnée du sommeil, et le travail de nuit. À l'inverse, être cadre au sein de la SNCF a été identifié comme un facteur protecteur de pression artérielle élevée. Discussion Notre travail propose un cadre conceptuel pour modéliser les programmes de promotion de la santé dans le milieu du travail et relève ainsi, par l’exemple concret de l’action « Plus Saine la Vie », comment certains des axes stratégiques de la Charte d’Ottawa ont pu être mobilisés dans le milieu du travail. Enfin, l’identification de déterminants du diabète de type 2 et de l’hypertension artérielle au cours d’une visite systématique de médecine du travail des salariés en surpoids montre la faisabilité d’interventions ciblées de promotion de la santé dans le milieu du travail. / Background Workplace health promotion programmes are complex interventions that need a wide understanding of risk factors to target high risk populations. The implementation of these programmes often requires the mobilization of classical methods of programme design and planning. However, these methods usually are not based on the Ottawa Charter five priority areas which provides a framework ensuring programme effectiveness. Understanding how a specific program is supposed to work is a crucial point in health promotion and could contribute to the appropriate programme planning and implementation. Thus, programme theory is a practical tool which captures the complexity of a programme by clarifying its objectives, activities and expected outcomes. Objective The aim of this work was to provide a deep insight about workplace health promotion by (i) developping the underlying programme theory of a health promotion programme entitled “Plus Saine la Vie” (“Healthier Life”) carried out in the French National Railways Company (SNCF) and (ii) identifying the factors that are associated with type 2 diabetes and hypertension and can be routinely measured in French overweight employees to develop targeted preventive strategies in the workplace. Methods The “Swiss Model for Outcome Classification in Health Promotion and Prevention” was used to develop the programme theory. Then, we used the design process proposed by Fry and Zask (2016) to understand which levers of action from the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion had been mobilised in the programme. Secondly, two cross-sectional studies were conducted to identify the determinants of type 2 diabetes and hypertension among SNCF overweight employees who participated in a health screening conducted during their regular occupational health check-up (January 2011-March 2015). Results Our work provides a programme theory with detailed information regarding how this health promotion programme was supposed to work and what it was expected to be implemented in the workplace setting. Moreover, the programme design analysis showed that the programme had mobilised the following Ottawa Charter’s action areas in the workplace setting: “creating supportive environments”, “strengthening community action”, “developing personal skills” and “reorienting health services”. Significant predictors of hyperglycaemia were male sex, age ≥50 years, high blood pressure, and daily intake of sugary food. In addition, male sex, older age (age ≥40), body mass index between 27.5 and 29.9 kg/m², hyperglycaemia, high risk of sleep apnoea, and night work schedule were significantly associated with high blood pressure. Conversely, high job position was identified as a protective factor for high blood pressure. Discussion Our work provides an example of a programme theory which can be used as a framework to develop health promotion programmes in the workplace setting. Moreover, our work presents an analysis of the programme concerning the mobilisation of the Ottawa Charter’s action areas for health promotion in the workplace. Our findings could be used by occupational health professionals to design specific health promotion interventions in the workplace setting to target individuals at high risk for developing hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

Many management studies report poor implementation of organisational strategy into practice (Yukl and Lepsinger, 2007; Li et al., 2008) and the absence within the literature of the question of how to translate strategy into effective practice provides the encouragement for this study. There are suggestions that by adopting a project management approach, organisations can better implement their overall strategies, meaning that what they do is properly and totally aligned with their goals (Pellegrinelli and Bowman, 1994). However, recent studies have concluded that project management makes little contribution to the achievement of organisational objectives, and possibly causes failure in this respect (Young and Grant, 2014). That said, Young and Grant (2014) have not provided any detailed information on the reason for such failure. At the same time, some management studies have revealed a number of challenges that confront organisations when approaching strategy implementation. Given these observations, this study aims to explore how organisations in Saudi Arabia are practising project management. It does so by adopting a qualitative method, involving thirty (30) face-to-face semi-structured and unstructured interviews undertaken in two phases with five organisations from the banking, property development, and higher education sectors. Two exploratory case studies (IT and Construction) were used to investigate the translation challenges in respect of strategy and project management implementation. From these, the study has identified a number of challenges confronting the participating organisations, and shows these challenges to be inter-related. Furthermore, it arrives at an understanding of why these challenges arise by investigating how the practice has been translated in these organisations. The tools and materials which resulted as objects from the translation are used to establish common knowledge, but are insufficient to create a clear view of the strategy within the participating organisations. Three main challengers related directly to the translation of project management practice emerged, namely: change, individual influences, and the role of the objects. The study makes several recommendations to improve the translation concept so that strategy implementation and overall project management practice can be enhanced. Additionally, it makes recommendations for further research to continue the efforts in this field of enquiry.

The thesis is focused on one of cross-disciplinary topics of Framework Education Programme for Basic Education - media education. By means of concrete examples from selected schools in the region of South Bohemia it describes current realization of important topics in media literacy and shows its pros and cons, including examples of good experience. The aim of this work is to give classification of a new educational dimension - media education - within the given region.

A presente dissertação é fruto da experiência profissional da autora como instrutora em um Programa de Aprendizagem situado no município de Porto Alegre/RS e tem como objetivo investigar a maneira pela qual os jovens são inseridos no mundo do trabalho amparados pela Lei da Aprendizagem (Lei 10.097/2000). Trata-se de um estudo de caso de caráter qualitativo, com aproximação ao Materialismo Histórico-Dialético. Embasa-se nas ideias de Karl Marx, no que refere à análise da sociedade capitalista e à concepção de trabalho; nos estudos de Gaudêncio Frigotto para fundamentar a relação trabalho-educação na perspectiva do trabalho e na abordagem da Teoria do Capital Humano, para fundamentar a relação educação e trabalho na perspectiva do capital. Os estudos de Acácia Kuenzer, István Mészáros, Dermeval Saviani e Virgínia Fontes também foram essenciais para as reflexões produzidas, situando o fenômeno social nas relações de produção capitalista. Com a intenção de obter informações sobre a produção acadêmica referente a esta temática, realizamos uma pesquisa utilizando como fontes de busca o Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, o Portal Domínio Público e o Repositório Digital da UFRGS. Durante a atuação como instrutora de aprendizagem, foram coletados dados, através de questionários, referentes às posições e significados que o Programa de Aprendizagem e a consequente inserção no mundo do trabalho têm para os jovens aprendizes iniciantes no programa. Utilizamos os dados coletados nestes questionários para embasar nossa compreensão a respeito destas posições e significados que o Programa de Aprendizagem proporciona aos jovens aprendizes. Buscamos compreender também, as posições trazidas pelo marco regulatório deste processo de inserção profissional. Nossa análise possibilitou a aproximação com outros estudos relacionados à temática, permitindonos compreender pontos em comum entre estes. Em relação à visão dos aprendizes quanto ao processo de formação para o mundo do trabalho, pudemos refletir sobre seus entendimentos quanto aos conceitos “trabalho” e “aprendizagem”, mensurar suas expectativas em relação às diferentes situações vinculadas ao mundo do trabalho, assim como pensar nas condições a que estão sujeitos neste processo de inserção e formação profissional. Nossas considerações apontam a importância que o Programa de Aprendizagem representa na inserção dos jovens ao mundo do trabalho. Os aprendizes respondentes da pesquisa consideraram o Programa um importante meio de inserção profissional, facilitando o acesso destes, mesmo que a formação propiciada pela instituição não atendesse às funções exercidas nas empresas. Porém, não podemos deixar de destacar as limitações do Programa, pois este não garante a permanência dos aprendizes após o término do contrato de aprendizagem, assim como o cumprimento da legislação em diferentes situações vivenciadas pelos aprendizes. / This dissertation is the result of the author's professional experience as a teacher in a Learning Programme in the municipality of Porto Alegre / RS, and aims to investigate the way in which young people are inserted into the world of work supported by the Apprenticeship Law (Law 10,097 / 2000). This is a case study of a qualitative nature, with the approach-Dialectical Historical Materialism. Embasa on the ideas of Karl Marx, as regards the analysis of capitalist society and the concept of work; in studies of Gaudencio Frigotto to support the workeducation relationship in view of the work and the Theory of Human Capital approach to support the education and employment relationship from the perspective of capital. Studies of Acacia Kuenzer, István Mészáros, Dermeval Saviani and Virginia Fontes were also essential for the reflections produced, putting the social phenomenon in capitalist relations of production. With the intention of obtaining information about the academic production regarding this issue, we conducted a search using the search sources such as the Bank of Theses and Dissertations from CAPES, the Portal and the Public Domain Repository of UFRGS. While acting as an instructor learning, data were collected through questionnaires, regarding the positions and meanings that the Learning Programme and subsequent insertion into the world of work have for the young beginner learners in the program. We use the data collected in these questionnaires to support our understanding of these positions and meanings that the Learning Programme provides young learners. We also seek to understand the positions brought about by this regulatory framework for professional insertion process. Our analysis enabled the approach with other related thematic studies, allowing us to understand commonalities between them. Regarding the view of learners and the training for the world of work process, we can reflect on their understandings about the concepts "labor" and "learning", to measure their expectations of different linked to the world of work situations, as well as thinking the conditions to which they are subject in this insertion and training process. Our considerations indicate the importance that the learning program represents in the inclusion of youth to the working world. Respondents apprentices research considered the program an important means of employability, facilitating their access, even if the training offered by the institution did not attend to the duties performed in the companies. However, we can not fail to highlight the limitations of the program, because this does not guarantee the permanence of the learners after the learning contract, as well as compliance with legislation in different situations experienced by the learners.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA (DVS) / The Reconstruction Development Programme (RDP) housing program was instituted to provide South Africans with quality housing that meet their basic needs. For people, fortunate enough to receive RDP houses, numerous complaints were raised. With government's focus on quantitative housing delivery, there have been qualitative shortcomings and the perceptions are that the constructed houses are of very low quality and do not meet the needs of the occupants. Consequently, the quality of housing constitutes the physical condition of housing as well the perceptions of occupants. However, since perceptions of housing quality are context specific and differs from one person to the other and across cities/countries, what therefore constitutes as housing quality is highly subjective. Also, despite the increased discussion on the quality of housing and people's perception of it, most empirical research on housing has been undertaken in the larger metro areas while there is not much focus on housing in small towns. The purpose of this the study was to explore the perceptions of RDP beneficiaries on the housing quality in the small community of Nollothville, Northern Cape. Since housing is important as it satisfies many different human needs, a case study approach was adopted and Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs was used as a theoretical framework to guide this study. Research conducted in Nollothville reveals that the RDP houses especially the first phase of the RDP houses are of sub-standard quality. Both primary and secondary resources were used to obtain data. The study used a semi-structured interview guide as a data collection tool while the questionnaire was used to solicit the magnitude of RDP beneficiaries' perceptions of the RDP houses and, lastly, observations were conducted to validate these findings. Findings revealed that although the RDP houses were well received by the recipients, many complained about the substandard quality of these houses and that the houses do meet the criteria for quality housing. The following perceptions raised by most of the study participants regarding the quality of the houses included unstable foundation, poor quality roofing; poor quality doors or no doors inside the house; cracking floors; no bath or shower, weak and poor-quality toilets. Also, since many of the houses were in such bad conditions there was a struggle to cope with the financial upkeep of the houses. Based on previous research conducted in other provinces, the study concludes the RDP houses are the of the same sub-standard quality as the houses found in the other provinces.