Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T18:46:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) mariana_resende_castro.pdf: 795870 bytes, checksum: e00feebf3320e268af70b9a9f164f00a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T18:46:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) mariana_resende_castro.pdf: 795870 bytes, checksum: e00feebf3320e268af70b9a9f164f00a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T18:46:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) mariana_resende_castro.pdf: 795870 bytes, checksum: e00feebf3320e268af70b9a9f164f00a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Foram desenvolvidos sete experimentos para determinar as rela??es metionina + cistina (M+C): lisina (Lis) digest?veis em ra??es de codornas de corte (Coturnix coturnix). Para os per?odos de crescimento (um a sete, oito a 14 e 15 a 21 dias de idade) as codornas foram criadas em lotes mistos, e receberam ra??o basal, contendo 0,76 g metionina + cistina digest?vel, suplementada com cinco n?veis de DL-Metionina, o que correspondeu ?s rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis de 0,61; 0,66; 0,71; 0,76 e 0,81. Para os per?odos de termina??o (22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade), aves foram criadas em lotes sexados, e receberam ra??o basal, contendo 0,63 g metionina + cistina digest?vel, suplementada com cinco n?veis de DL-Metionina, o que correspondeu ?s rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis de 0,68; 0,73; 0,78; 0,83 e 0,88. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e oito repeti??es. Nos per?odos de um a sete e oito a 14 dias de idade observou-se efeito das rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis para todas as vari?veis de desempenho, exceto para viabilidade das aves. Durante o per?odo de 15 a 21 dias, as crescentes rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis influenciaram todas as vari?veis, exceto a uniformidade e viabilidade das codornas. N?o houve efeito das rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis no per?odo de 22 a 28 dias, para as codornas machos, entretanto, para as f?meas observou-se efeito para consumo de ra??o e ganho em peso. No per?odo de 29 a 35 dias para os machos, observou-se efeito para o consumo de ra??o, consumo de metionina + cistina, ganho em peso, extrato et?reo da carca?a, rendimento de coxa+sobrecoxa, prote?na bruta da carca?a e balan?o de nitrog?nio. No entanto, para as codornas f?meas de 29 a 35 dias de idade, n?o observou-se efeito para nenhuma das vari?veis estudadas frente ?s rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis. As rela??es M+C: Lis digest?veis que otimizaram o ganho em peso foram de 0,81; 0,75 e 0,77 para os per?odos de um a sete, oito a 14 e 15 a 21 dias de idade, respectivamente, para codornas de ambos os sexos. Durante os per?odos de 22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade das codornas f?meas recomendam-se as rela??es de 0,79 e 0,68, respectivamente, e para as codornas machos, recomendam-se as rela??es de 0,68 e 0,88 M+C: Lis digest?veis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Seven experiments were conducted to determine the relations methionine and cystine (M+C): digestible lysine (Lys) in feed quails (Coturnix coturnix). For the growth periods (one to seven, eight to 14 and 15 to 21 days old) quails were created in mixed batches, and fed a basal diet containing 0.76 g methionine + cystine, supplemented with five levels of DL-Methionine, corresponding to the relations M+C: digestible Lys 0.61, 0.66, 0.71, 0.76 and 0.81. For final periods (22 to 28 and 29 to 35 days old), quails were created in sexed lots, and received basal diet containing 0.63 g methionine + cystine, supplemented with five levels of DL-Methionine, the corresponding to the relations M+C: digestible Lys 0.68, 0.73, 0.78, 0.83 and 0.88. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and eight replicates. In periods of one to seven and eight to 14 days of old was observed effect of the relations M+C: digestible Lys for all performance traits, except for viability of quails. During the period of 15 to 21 days, the growth relations M+C: digestible Lys influenced all traits, except the uniformity and viability of quail. There was no effect of the relations M+C: digestibles Lys in the period 22 to 28 days for male quails, however, for females observed effect on feed intake and weight gain. In the period 29 to 35 days for males, there was effect for feed intake, methionine and cystine intake, weight gain, carcass ether extract, thigh + drumstick yield, carcass crude protein and nitrogen balance. However, for female quails 29 to 35 days of old, there was no effect on any of the traits studied in the face of relations M+C: digestible Lys. The relations M+C: digestibles Lys which optimized the weight gain were 0.81, 0.75 and 0.77 for periods of one to seven, eight to 14 and 15 to 21 days of old, respectively, for quail both sexes. During periods 22 to 28 and 29 to 35 day old females quails are recommended relations of 0.79 and 0.68, respectively, and for males quails are recommended relations of 0.68 and 0 88 M+C: digestible Lys.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-09-06T17:52:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DiannyElizabethJimenezJojoaTese2017.pdf: 3946754 bytes, checksum: 81cb9190de587ca935463b13f7a89e30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-09-06T17:52:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DiannyElizabethJimenezJojoaTese2017.pdf: 3946754 bytes, checksum: 81cb9190de587ca935463b13f7a89e30 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T17:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiannyElizabethJimenezJojoaTese2017.pdf: 3946754 bytes, checksum: 81cb9190de587ca935463b13f7a89e30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / The physiological and pathological processes are leaded by infinity of mechanisms and metabolic pathways. In the last decades, researches have focused on to small vesicles, the exosomes, from endosomal origin that could be involved in these processes. These vesicles can be released by different cell types carrying important components that could become biomarkers for the diagnosis of diseases or as moldable tools for controlled release of bioactive substances for clinical and therapeutic application. However, one of the challenges in the study of these interesting and versatile microvesicles is the purification process. Currently, significant difficulties are found as the lack of purity, yield and reproducibility revealed in the unreliable data at both the protein and transcriptional levels. Therefore, our aim in the present study was to compare in human serum samples the currently used purification techniques: ExoQuick??? (Systems Biosciences), Total Exosome Isolation (Life Technologies), Ultrafiltration and Ultracentrifugation and Size Exclusion Chromatography as regards to yield, size and purity evaluating, in addition, the reproducibility. The results obtained revealed the existence of differences between the techniques in the amount of particle recovery with sizes corresponding to the exosomes. Ultrafiltration was the most efficient technique followed by polymer precipitation methods and Ultracentrifugation. Protein content diversified considerably, with the Ultrafiltration almost ten times more than Ultracentrifugation. Different profiles of proteins in acrylamide gel were found, with 50 kDa to 70 kDa bands suggesting the co-precipitation of abundant contaminating proteins as albumin. When the chromatography was used to evaluate the recovery efficiency of the other techniques, the result showed no interference in the separation of populations by size, but could represent an additional tool for techniques as Ultrafiltration in the isolation of albumin as the main interfering in the serum samples. Important data were found when particle number normalization was performed in the analysis by the TRPS method, where a reduction of the aggregation and a change in the particle distribution were visible. In our results it was possible to confirm the need for the new reproducible and reliable protocols that can allow the isolation of exosomes for clinical application. On the other hand, our data provide guidance on the use of current methods for obtaining exosomes from serum and other biological fluids. / Os processos fisiol??gicos e patol??gicos s??o regidos por uma infinidade de mecanismos e vias metab??licas. Nas ??ltimas d??cadas, as pesquisas dirigiram-se a pequenas ves??culas, os exossomas, de origem endossomal que poderiam estar involucradas nestes processos. Estas ves??culas podem ser liberadas por diferentes tipos de c??lulas carregando no seu interior componentes importantes que poderiam transformar-se em biomarcadores para o diagn??stico de doen??as ou podem servir como ferramentas mold??veis para libera????o controlada de subst??ncias bioativas de aplica????o cl??nica e terap??utica. No entanto, um dos grandes desafios no estudo destas interessantes e vers??teis microves??culas constitui o processo de purifica????o. Atualmente, dificuldades significantes s??o encontradas no que se refere ?? falta de pureza, rendimento e reprodutibilidade refletidos nos dados pouco confi??veis tanto a n??vel proteico como transcricional. Por conseguinte, o nosso objetivo no presente estudo foi comparar em amostras de soro humano as t??cnicas de purifica????o atualmente utilizadas: ExoQuick??? (Systems Biosciences), Total Exosome Isolation (Life Technologies), Ultrafiltra????o e Ultracentrifuga????o e Cromatografia de exclus??o pelo tamanho em termos de rendimento, tamanho e pureza avaliando, al??m disso, a sua reprodutibilidade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a exist??ncia de diferen??as marcantes entre as t??cnicas na quantidade de recupera????o de part??culas com tamanhos correspondentes aos exossomas. A Ultrafiltra????o foi a t??cnica mais eficiente seguida pelos m??todos de precipita????o com pol??mero e a Ultracentrifuga????o. O conte??do proteico tamb??m variou consideravelmente sendo na Ultrafiltra????o quase dez vezes maior que a Ultracentrifuga????o. Perfis diferentes de prote??nas em gel de acrilamida foram encontrados, ressaltando a presen??a de bandas de 50 kDa a 70 kDa sugerindo a coprecipita????o de prote??nas contaminantes abundantes como a albumina. Quando a cromatografia foi usada para avaliar a efici??ncia de recupera????o das outras t??cnicas, o resultado obtido revelou que a mesma n??o auxilia na separa????o de popula????es pelo tamanho, mas que poderia representar uma ferramenta adicional para t??cnicas como a Ultrafiltra????o no isolamento de albumina como principal interferente nas amostras de soro. Dados relevantes foram encontrados quando foi realizada a normaliza????o do n??mero de part??culas na an??lise pelo m??todo de TRPS onde foi vis??vel uma redu????o da agrega????o e uma mudan??a da distribui????o das part??culas. Nos nossos resultados foi poss??vel evidenciar a necessidade da cria????o de novos protocolos reprodut??veis e confi??veis que podem permitir o isolamento de exossomas para a sua aplica????o cl??nica. Por outro lado, nossos dados fornecem uma orienta????o no uso dos m??todos atuais para a obten????o de exossomas derivados de soro e outros fluidos biol??gicos.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-07T13:22:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 tiago_jose_silva.pdf: 1811358 bytes, checksum: 1654fd6d60ba2571e51302a48d7407c9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-07T13:25:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 tiago_jose_silva.pdf: 1811358 bytes, checksum: 1654fd6d60ba2571e51302a48d7407c9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-07T13:25:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 tiago_jose_silva.pdf: 1811358 bytes, checksum: 1654fd6d60ba2571e51302a48d7407c9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-07T13:26:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 tiago_jose_silva.pdf: 1811358 bytes, checksum: 1654fd6d60ba2571e51302a48d7407c9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-07T13:26:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 tiago_jose_silva.pdf: 1811358 bytes, checksum: 1654fd6d60ba2571e51302a48d7407c9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A produ??o biotecnol?gica de enzimas por fungos filamentosos requer o conhecimento das suas caracter?sticas de crescimento, fisiologia e metabolismo porque a compreens?o das respostas biol?gicas e nutricionais contribui para o ajuste dos bioprocessos. Neste trabalho foram analisados o crescimento apical e alguns par?metros bioqu?micos e fisiol?gicos da resposta das linhagens Aspergillus tubingensis AN1257 e Talaromyces trachyspermus T10.5 a fontes de carbono complexas indutoras de carboidrases. Foi utilizada uma abordagem polif?sica de identifica??o baseada em caracter?sticas fenot?picas e moleculares. As linhagens foram cultivadas em meio suplementado com glicose (controle), amido e carboximetilcelulose (CMC). O crescimento apical foi avaliado quanto aos eventos iniciais, hidrata??o, polariza??o e extens?o do tubo germinativo, bem como foi investigado o papel da via de PKC nestes processos. As linhagens diferiram quanto ao potencial de produ??o de carboidrases sendo o T. trachyspermus T10.5 o mais eficiente para a express?o de amilase. A produ??o de celulase foi verificada apenas em meio s?lido. Os eventos iniciais do crescimento apical de T. trachyspermus T10.5 foram atrasados pelos carboidratos polim?ricos em meio s?lido: ap?s 14h de cultivo a propor??o de con?dios apolares, polares e com tubo germinativo foi de 31,0 ? 5,7%; 34,0 ? 0,0% e 35,0 ? 5,7% (glicose) contra 40,0 ? 0,0%; 45,0 ? 0,8% e 14,0 ? 1,6% (amido) ou 90,0 ? 4,9%; 6,0 ? 1,6% e 4,0 ? 3,3% (CMC). A biomassa de T. trachyspermus T10.5 foi formada exponencialmente no per?odo de 24 a 48h em cultivo submerso e n?o foi diminu?da por nenhuma fonte de carbono. Nas culturas submersas, a fase exponencial de crescimento foi simult?nea ao consumo exponencial do substrato; o esgotamento das fontes de carbono precedeu o in?cio da fase estacion?ria; a atividade de ?-amilase (239,2 ? 11 U/min.mL) induzida por amido coincidiu com o crescimento exponencial, permaneceu est?vel durante a fase estacion?ria e foi reprimida por glicose. O crescimento apical de A. tubingensis AN1257 respondeu mais rapidamente ? fonte de carbono: 36,0 ? 4,3% dos con?dios cultivados em meio suplementado com glicose estavam polarizados ap?s 6h, contra 1,3 ? 0,9% (amido) e 2,7 ? 1,9% (CMC). A extens?o do tubo germinativo da linhagem AN1257 tamb?m foi atrasada e reduzida por amido e CMC. A forma??o de biomassa de A. tubingensis AN1257 nas culturas submersas foi fortemente reduzida por CMC, que apresentou um efeito tamponante no meio. Nas demais culturas submersas, o crescimento exponencial de A. tubingensis AN1257 ocorreu entre 0 a 24h (glicose) ou 12 a 24h (amido) coincidindo com forte acidifica??o do meio e consumo acentuado de substrato. O efeito da ativa??o de PKC foi distinto nas duas linhagens: a ativa??o dessa enzima n?o parece modular a germina??o em A tubingensis AN1257, mas inibe fortemente a germina??o de T. trachyspermus T10.5. Assim, as duas esp?cies apresentaram respostas diferentes ? fonte de carbono e ? ativa??o de PKC, com fisiologia, germina??o e crescimento apical peculiares, cuja compreens?o permitir? direcionar a aplica??o biotecnol?gica das linhagens AN1257 e T10.5 de forma mais eficiente. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Farmac?uticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The biotechnological production of enzymes by filamentous fungi requires the knowledge of its characteristics of growth, physiology and metabolism because the comprehension of the biological and nutritional responses contributes to the adjustment of the bioprocesses. In this work, it were analyzed the apical growth, and some biochemical and physiological parameters of the response of the strains Aspergillus tubingensis AN1257 and Talaromyces trachyspermus T10.5 to complex carbon sources that induce carbohydrases. It was utilized a polyphasic approach of identification based on phenotypic and molecular characteristics. The strains were cultivated in media supplemented with glucose (control), starch and carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC). The apical growth was evaluated regarding the initial events, hydration, polarization and germtube extension, and the role of the PKC pathway in these processes was investigated as well. The strains differed according to their potential for carbohydrase production and T. trachyspermus T10.5 was the more efficient for amylase expression. Cellulase production was verified only in solid media. The initial events of T. trachyspermus T10.5 apical growth were delayed by the polymeric carbohydrates in solid media: after 14h of cultivation, the proportion of non-polar, polar and germtube-containing conidia was 31.0 ? 5.7%; 34.0 ? 0.0% and 35.0 ? 5.7% (glucose) versus 40.0 ? 0.0%; 45.0 ? 0.8% and 14.0 ? 1.6% (starch) or 90.0 ? 4.9%; 6.0 ? 1.6% and 4.0 ? 3.3% (CMC). The biomass of T. trachyspermus T10.5 was formed exponentially from 24 to 48h during submerged cultivation, and it was not decreased by any carbon source. In the submerged cultures, the exponential growth phase was simultaneous to the exponential consumption of the substrate; depletion of the carbon sources preceded the stationary phase; the ?-amylase activity (239.2 ? 11 U/min. mL) induced by starch coincided with the exponential growth, remained stable during the stationary phase and was repressed by glucose. A. tubingensis AN1257 apical growth responded more promptly to the carbon source: 36.0 ? 4.3% of the conidia cultivated in medium supplemented with glucose were polarized after 6h, versus 1.3 ? 0.9% (starch) and 2.7 ? 1.9% (CMC). Germtube extension by strain AN1257 was also delayed and reduced by starch and CMC. Biomass formation by A. tubingensis AN1257 in submerged cultures was strongly reduced by CMC, which presented a buffering effect in the medium. In other submerged cultures, the exponential growth of A. tubingensis AN1257 occurred from 0 to 24h (glucose) or 12 to 24h (starch), concomitant to a strong acidification of the medium and to intense substrate consumption. The effect of PKC activation was different in the two strains: activation of this enzyme does not seem to modulate germination in A. tubingensis AN1257, but it strongly inhibits T. trachyspermus T10.5 germination. Thus, the two species presented different responses to the carbon source and to PKC activation, with peculiar physiology, germination and apical growth, whose comprehension will allow direct the biotechnological application of strains AN1257 and T10.5 more efficiently.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:59:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006- Nicolas Fernando Parraga Davila.pdf: 1368936 bytes, checksum: 7587b72d2e2223f96d5110531bcc5237 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-17 / Two experiments were carried out aiming to evaluate the effect of cotton seed meal on the growth of rabbits. Eight rabbits 50 days of age (four males and four females) were utilized in the digestibility trial. The experimental period lasted for 12 days (8 days for adaptation and 4 days of whole faeces collection). Cotton seed meal was offered as single feed, with 0.5% of NaCl end 0.4% of mineral vitamin mixture. The cotton seed meal was then moisted with 40% of water until past was got. The food excess was taken off the feeder daily. The chemical composition of the cotton seed meal for dry matter, crude protein, neutral fiber detergent, acid fiber detergent, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, extract ether and gross energy were respectively : 89.57; 38.18; 33.55; 22.93; 13.82; 0.34; 1.26; 0.75% and 4,169.62 kcal/kg. The apparent digestibility coefficients were: 66.81; 84.65; 41.14; 39.00 and 68.27% for dry matter, crude protein, neutral fiber detergent, acid fiber detergent and gross energy, respectively. In the performance trial were utilized 32 rabbits (16 males and 16 females) White New Zealand 41 days of age kept in individual cages. Data were analyzed under a randomized design with replication and three treatments (three levels of soybean meal for cotton seed meal crude protein substitution: (0; 33; 66 and 100%). During performance trial (from 62 nd to 67 th day whole faeces collection was made to establish the diet digestibility. At the end of the experiment the rabbits (76 days old) were slaughter to determine carcass quality. The digestibility coefficient of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral fiber detergent, acid fiber detergent and gross energy of the diets were affected (P<0.05) by treatments. There was significant effect (P<0,05) for daily feed intake and feed: gain ratio, while there was no significant effect of treatments on the live weight gain average and the carcass quality. The results show that crude protein of cotton seed meal may replace the crude protein of soybean meal in feeding of growing rabbits. It?s advisable to study economic evaluation. / Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar o uso do farelo de algod?o na alimenta??o de coelhos em crescimento. No ensaio de digestibilidade, foram utilizados oito coelhos de ambos os sexos, com 50 dias de idade. O per?odo experimental constou de oito dias de adapta??o ?s condi??es experimentais e quatro dias de coleta total de fezes. O farelo de algod?o foi fornecido como ?nico alimento, adicionando-se 0,5% de cloreto de s?dio e 0,4% de mistura mineral vitam?nico, sendo em seguida umedecido com 40% de ?gua formando uma pasta. Para evitar fermenta??es, diariamente retiravam-se as sobras de ra??o. A composi??o qu?mica do farelo de algod?o para mat?ria seca, prote?na bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ?cido, fibra bruta, c?lcio, f?sforo, extrato et?reo e energia bruta, foram respectivamente de, 89,57; 38,18; 33,55; 22,93; 13,82; 0,34; 1,26; 0,75% e 4169,62 Kcal/kg. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente foram de 66,81; 84,65; 41,14; 39,00 e 68,27% para mat?ria seca, prote?na bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ?cido e energia bruta, respectivamente. Os valores de mat?ria seca digest?vel, prote?na digest?vel, fibra em detergente neutro digest?vel, fibra em detergente ?cido digest?vel e energia digest?vel, com base na mat?ria natural, foram, respectivamente de: 59,84; 32,32; 13,80; 8,94% e 2846,60 Kcal ED/kg. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 32 coelhos de ambos os sexos (16 machos e 16 f?meas) da ra?a Nova Zel?ndia branca com 41 dias de idade alojados individualmente e distribu?dos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em quatro tratamentos (tr?s n?veis de substitui??o da prote?na bruta do farelo de soja: 33; 66 e 100%) e oito repeti??es. Durante o experimento de desempenho, dos 62 aos 67 dias, procedeu-se a coleta total de fezes. Ao final do experimento (76 dias) os animais foram abatidos para avalia??o de carca?a. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da mat?ria seca, mat?ria org?nica, prote?na bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ?cido e energia bruta das dietas experimentais foram afetados (P<0,05) pelos tratamentos. Observou-se aumento (P<0,05) no consumo di?rio de ra??o e na convers?o alimentar, por?m o ganho de peso m?dio e as caracter?sticas de carca?a n?o foram afetados, sugerindo que a prote?na do farelo de algod?o (38 % PB) pode substituir totalmente a prote?na do farelo de soja, ficando seu uso na depend?ncia da oferta e pre?o de mercado.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-19T11:27:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Jos? Claudio Bezerra M. Junior.pdf: 1045163 bytes, checksum: d759d4bffb13bbf9696edda30c7326f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T11:27:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Jos? Claudio Bezerra M. Junior.pdf: 1045163 bytes, checksum: d759d4bffb13bbf9696edda30c7326f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The determination of digestible lysine requirements for Nile tilapia is essential to adjust the correct balance of amino acids in it?s food. Lysine is the amino acid reference for studies in ideal protein, which is currently an important concept in animal nutrition once it allows a reduction in the protein amount of the diet without compromising performance, and furthermore reducing the nitrogen excretion and eutrophication risks of the water. This study aimed to determine the digestible lysine requirement for Nile tilapia in the final phase of growth (500 to 600 g of body weight). Isocaloric and isoproteic experimental diets were utilized with different levels of digestible lysine in each formulation. The amounts of L-lysine HCl 78% used were 0.000; 0.388; 0.776; 1.164, and 1.552% replacing the ingredient glutamic acid 99%; which adjust the treatments to 0.932; 1.23; 1.53; 1.83, and 2.14% of digestible lysine. Nile tilapia weighing 519 g making a sum of 300 animals were utilized in this experiment. They were distributed in 25 water tanks each one measuring a 1000 liters using a renewable system of water. The pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and conductivity were monitored daily and ammonia was measured weekly. Slaughters happened when fishes reached 28 and 50 days counting from the beginning of the experiment. The following animal science aspects were evaluated at the end: weight gain (WG), daily weight gain ratio (DWGR), specific growth rate (SGR), food intake (FI), consumption of digestible lysine (CDL), food conversion (FC) protein efficiency gain (PEG), lysine efficiency gain (LEG), nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE), protein deposition rate (PDR), Daily fat deposition rate (DFDR), protein retention efficiency (PRE), and survival rate (SR). The data was interpreted by analysis of variance with 5% probability. There was quadratic effect for GP, CA, TCE, ELG, EPG. The estimated value of lysine for both the largest GP and the best CA is 1.31% digestible lysine. There was no significant differency regarding the food intake, carcass or filet characteristics. This result is in part due to the fact of the gain being proportional throughout the body of the fish. In the second slaughter were obtained quadratic effect in the ether extract and carcass moisture. The Nile tilapia in the weight range of 500 to 600 grams of body weight presents the requirement for 1.31% of digestible lysine, corresponding to 5.31% of digestible dietary protein and 0.431% per Mcal of digestible energy for greater weight gain and better food conversion in it?s experiment conditions / A determina??o da exig?ncia de lisina para a til?pia-do-Nilo ? importante para a elabora??o de ra??es com adequado balanceamento de amino?cidos. A lisina ? o amino?cido refer?ncia nos estudos de prote?na ideal, um conceito relevante atualmente uma vez que permite a redu??o na quantidade de prote?na da ra??o sem comprometimento do desempenho, diminuindo ainda a excre??o de nitrog?nio para a ?gua e o risco de eutrofiza??o. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a exig?ncia em lisina digest?vel para a til?pia-do-Nilo na fase de 500 a 600 g de peso vivo. Foram utilizadas dietas experimentais que consistiram em ra??es isocal?ricas, isoproteicas e com valores crescentes de lisina digest?vel. A L-lisina HCl 78% foi utilizada com valores crescentes (0,000; 0,388; 0,776; 1,164 e 1,552%), em substitui??o ao ingrediente ?cido glut?mico (99%), perfazendo os tratamentos com 0,932; 1,23; 1,53; 1,83 e 2,13% de lisina digest?vel. Foram utilizadas 300 til?pias-do-Nilo com peso m?dio de 519 g e distribu?dos em 25 caixas d??gua de 1000 L em sistema aberto de circula??o de ?gua. O pH, oxig?nio dissolvido, temperatura, salinidade e condutividade da ?gua foram monitorados diariamente e a am?nia foi medida semanalmente. Foram realizados 2 abates, aos 28 dias e aos 50 dias de experimento. Foram avaliados os seguintes ?ndices zoot?cnicos: ganho de peso (GP), ganho de peso di?rio (GPD), taxa de crescimento espec?fico (TCE), ingest?o alimentar (IA), consumo de lisina digest?vel (CLD), convers?o alimentar (CA), efici?ncia proteica para ganho (EPG), efici?ncia de lisina para ganho (ELG), efici?ncia de reten??o de nitrog?nio (ERN), taxa de deposi??o de prote?na (TDP), taxa de deposi??o di?ria de gordura (TDG), efici?ncia de reten??o de prote?na (ERP) e taxa de sobreviv?ncia (TS). Os dados foram interpretados por meio de an?lise de vari?ncia a 5% de probabilidade. Houve efeito quadr?tico para GP, CA, TCE, ELG, EPG, sendo o valor estimado de lisina tanto para o maior GP quanto para a melhor CA de 1,31% de lisina digest?vel. N?o houve diferen?a significativa para o consumo de ra??o, rendimento de carca?a, rendimento de fil?, caracter?sticas da carca?a e do fil?. Esses resultados se devem em parte ao fato do ganho ter sido proporcional em todo o corpo do peixe. No segundo abate houve efeito quadr?tico no extrato et?reo e na umidade da carca?a. A Til?pia-do-Nilo na faixa de peso de 500 a 600 gramas de peso vivo apresenta a exig?ncia de 1,31% de lisina digest?vel, que corresponde a 5,31% da prote?na digest?vel da dieta e a 0,431%/Mcal de energia digest?vel para o maior ganho de peso e melhor convers?o alimentar nas condi??es deste experimento.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T16:04:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 renata_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 686590 bytes, checksum: 0f17761923025eae7337021352f6c0bd (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T16:04:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 renata_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 686590 bytes, checksum: 0f17761923025eae7337021352f6c0bd (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T16:04:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 renata_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 686590 bytes, checksum: 0f17761923025eae7337021352f6c0bd (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T16:04:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 renata_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 686590 bytes, checksum: 0f17761923025eae7337021352f6c0bd (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos para avaliar n?veis de lisina digest?vel para frangos de corte tipo caipira, linhagem Colonial, machos e f?meas, criados em semiconfinamento durante as fases: inicial (1 a 21 dias), crescimento I (22 a 42 dias), crescimento II (43 a 56 dias) e final (57 a 60 dias). As aves foram alojadas em 30 boxes (?rea de abrigo), com acesso ? ?rea de pastejo. Em cada experimento foram utilizados 630 frangos e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualisado, em esquema fatorial 5x2 (n?veis de lisina x sexo) e tr?s repeti??es de 21 aves cada. Os n?veis de lisina digest?vel avaliados foram: 8,1; 9,5; 10,9; 12,3 e 13,7(g/kg) na fase inicial; 7,07; 8,07; 9,07; 10,7 e 11,07 (g/kg) na fase de crescimento I; 6,07; 7,07; 8,07; 9,07 e 10,07 (g/kg) na fase de crescimento II e 6,0; 7,0; 8,0; 9,0 e 10,0 (g/kg) na fase final. As vari?veis de desempenho avaliadas foram: consumo de ra??o (CR, g/ave), consumo de lisina (CL, g/ave), ganho em peso (GP, g/ave) e convers?o alimentar (CA, g ra??o consumida/ g de ganho em peso). Foram avaliadas as vari?veis de carca?a e de qualidade da carne: rendimento de carca?a, peso da gordura, rendimento e peso dos cortes de peito, de asa+coxinha e de coxa+sobrecoxa, o potencial hidrogeni?nico (pH), a capacidade de reten??o de ?gua (CRA), a perda de peso por cozimento (PPC), a maciez objetiva (MO) cor e luminosidade (L*, a*, b*). Para o per?odo inicial, recomenda-se o n?vel de 12,95 g de lisina/kg, na ra??o de machos e f?meas para melhor CA. Na fase de crescimento I, recomenda-se 9,61 g de lisina/kg na ra??o para minimizar a CA de ambos os sexos, e, para melhor GP, os n?veis de 10,08 e 9,49 g de lisina digest?vel/kg na ra??o de machos e f?meas, respectivamente. Verificou-se que, para a fase de crescimento II, o n?vel de 6,0 g lisina/kg de ra??o atende ?s exig?ncias dos frangos. Para a fase final, observou-se efeito dos n?veis de lisina digest?vel para a CA, sendo recomendados 8,51 g de lisina/kg de ra??o. Para as vari?veis de rendimento de carca?a obteve-se efeito linear crescente de lisina sobre o rendimento de coxa + sobrecoxa das f?meas. A MO da carne de coxa aumentou, linearmente, com os n?veis de lisina, e, para a CRA e L* da carne do peito, observou-se efeito linear decrescente dos n?veis de lisina. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013 / ABSTRACT Four experiments were carried out to determine the digestible lysine requirements for alternative line of broilers, Colonial line, male and female, created in free range system during phases: initial phase (1 to 21 days), growing I (22-42 days), growing II (43-56 days) and last phase (57-60 days). The birds were distributed into 30 pens (shelter area) with access to the pasture. In each trial, 630 birds were used and the experimental design was a completely randomized in a factorial arrangement 5 x 2 (levels of lysine and gender), with three replicates of 21 birds each. The digestible lysine levels evaluated were: 8.1; 9.5; 10.9, 12.3 and 13.7 (g/kg) for initial phase, 7.07, 8.07, 9.07, 10.07 and 11.07 (g/kg) for growing phase I, 6.07, 7.07, 8.07, 9.07 and 10.07 (g/kg) for growing phase II and 6.00, 7.00, 8.00, 9.00 and 10.0 (g/kg) for the last phase. The performance parameters evaluated were: feed intake (FI, g/bird), lysine intake (LI, g/bird), weight gain (WG, g/bird) and feed convertion (FC, g feed intake/ g weight gain). There was evaluated carcass parameters and meat quality: carcass yield, fat weight, yield and weight about the cuts (breast, wing + drumstick, thigh + drumstick), hydrogen potential (pH), water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss (CL), tenderness, color and brightness (L*, a*, b*). For the initial phase we recommend the level of 12.95 g of lysine/ kg, on the ration for males and females to improve FC. In the growing phase I, we recommend 9.61 g of lysine/kg in the ration to minimize FC for both genders, and to improve WG the levels 10.08 and 9.48 g of digestible lysine/kg on the ration for males and females, respectively. We verified that for growing phase II, the level of 6.0 g of lysine/kg on the ration meets the chicken?s requirements. At last phase, there was digestible lysine effect for FC and can be recommended 8.51 g of lysine/ kg. For yield carcass parameters, there was an increasing linear effect of females? thigh + drumstick. The tenderness increased linearly with lysine levels and for WHC and L* of the meat breast there was a decreasing linear effect of lysine levels.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-18T18:04:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-18T18:04:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-18T18:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar o efeito de dietas com diferentes n?veis de prote?na degrad?vel no r?men (PDR) sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes, o balan?o de nitrog?nio e o desempenho em cordeiros. As dietas consistiram de quatro n?veis de PDR (9,15; 9,97; 10,79 e 11,61% na MS), correspondentes a 14,25; 15,50; 16,75 e 18,00% de PB, com 40% de silagem de milho e 60% de concentrado, na base da mat?ria seca. No ensaio de digestibilidade e balan?o de nitrog?nio foram utilizados oito cordeiros machos inteiros da ra?a Santa In?s, com peso vivo m?dio de 26,9 e 24,7 kg, distribu?dos em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4. Cada per?odo experimental teve a dura??o de 15 dias, sendo 10 para adapta??o e cinco para coletas. Os animais foram mantidos em gaiolas metab?licas individuais, usando-se sacolas para coleta total de fezes, para fins de c?lculos dos coeficientes de digestibilidade in vivo. A coleta de urina foi realizada durante 24 horas, utilizando-se baldes pl?sticos cobertos com telas, quando mediu-se o volume da quantidade excretada nesse per?odo. N?o houve efeito de n?veis crescentes de PDR sobre os consumos de nutrientes, exceto de PDR. As digestibilidades aparentes totais dos nutrientes, bem como o balan?o de nitrog?nio, tamb?m n?o foram influenciadas pelos n?veis de PDR. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 31 cordeiros machos inteiros da ra?a Santa In?s, com peso vivo m?dio de 22,0 kg, distribu?dos no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (9,15 a 11,61% de PDR na MS), tr?s com oito repeti??es e um com sete repeti??es. Al?m desses animais, mais quatro foram abatidos no in?cio da fase experimental, representando os animais-refer?ncia na metodologia do abate comparativo. N?o houve efeito de n?veis crescentes de PDR sobre os consumos de nutrientes, exceto de PB, PDR e PNDR, bem como para o peso vivo ao abate, ganho de peso total, ganho m?dio di?rio, convers?o alimentar e caracter?sticas de carca?a (peso, ganho e rendimento). Conclui-se que os n?veis de PDR, de 9,15 a 11,61% na MS das dietas, n?o alteram o consumo de nutrientes, exceto de PB, PDR e PNDR, nem a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes, o balan?o de nitrog?nio e o desempenho de cordeiros. Assim, pode-se recomendar a utiliza??o do n?vel mais baixo de PDR (9,15% na MS, com 14,25% de PB), contribuindo para a redu??o da excre??o de nitrog?nio no ambiente e de custos no sistema de produ??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with different levels of rumen degradable protein (RDP) on the intake, total apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and performance in lambs. Diets consisted of four levels of RDP (9.15, 9.97, 10.79 and 11.61% in DM), corresponding to 14.25, 15.50, 16.75 and 18.00% CP, with 40% corn silage and 60% concentrated on dry matter basis. In the digestibility trial and nitrogen balance were used eight Santa In?s lambs, with average weight of 26.9 and 24.7 kg divided into two 4 x 4 latin squares. Each experimental period lasted 15 days, considering 10 for adaptation and five for collections. The animals were kept in individual metabolic cages, using bags for total fecal collection for purposes of calculating the digestibility in vivo. The urine collection was performed during 24 hours, using plastic buckets covered with canvas, when the volume of the amount excreted in this period was measured. There was no effect of increasing levels of RDP on the nutrients intake, except for RDP. The apparent digestibilities of nutrients and nitrogen balance were also not influenced by levels of RDP. In the performance test were used 31 male Santa In?s lambs, with average weight of 22.0 kg, allotted in a completely randomized design with four treatments (9.15 to 11.61% RDP in DM), three with eight and one with seven replicates. Besides these animals, four were slaughtered in the early experimental stage, representing the reference animals in the methodology of comparative slaughter. There was no effect of increasing levels of RDP on intake of nutrients, except for CP, RDP and RUP as well as the slaughter live weight, total weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion and carcass traits (weight, gain and yield). We conclude that levels of RDP, from 9.15 to 11.61% in DM of diets, do not alter nutrient intake, except for CP, RDP and RUP nor the total apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and lambs performance. Thus, we can recommend the use of the lower level of RDP (9.15% DM, with 14.25% CP), contributing to the reduction of nitrogen excretion in the environment and of costs in the production system.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T16:00:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T16:52:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-22T16:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da formula??o de dietas que consideram o atendimento das exig?ncias de prote?na bruta, dietas com redu??o dos valores de prote?na bruta e atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis e dietas com atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos sobre os par?metros de desempenho, consumo de energia, prote?na, amino?cidos, rendimento de carca?a e cortes, empenamento e custos na produ??o de frangos de corte nas diferentes fases de cria??o. Foram realizados cinco experimentos, conduzidos no setor de Avicultura da UFVJM, no Campus JK, em Diamantina ? MG. As aves usadas nos experimentos foram todas machos, da linhagem Cobb 500. No total, foram usadas 2.430 aves e consideradas as fases de 1 a 7, 8 a 21, 22 a 35, 36 a 42 e 42 a 49 dias de idade. Em todos os experimentos, as aves foram distribu?das segundo um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos (T1 ? Dieta-controle formulada de acordo com recomenda??es das Tabelas Brasileiras para aves e su?nos (2011) para atender prote?na bruta e amino?cidos digest?veis; T2 ? Dieta com 5% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T3 - Dieta com 10% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T4 - Dieta com 15% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T5 - Dieta formulada para atender as exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis da dieta-controle com o valor da prote?na bruta livre; T6 - Dieta formulada para atender o valor da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle deixando livre o atendimento dos amino?cidos digest?veis. Na fase de 42 a 49 dias foram utilizadas tr?s repeti??es, mas nas demais fases foram usadas quatro repeti??es por tratamento. Com rela??o ao desempenho das aves, foi observado que, com o atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis, ? poss?vel reduzir em at? 10% os valores da prote?na bruta nas recomenda??es nutricionais feitas por Rostagno et al. (2011) e, dessa forma, o desempenho das aves n?o ? afetado. No entanto, dietas formuladas para atender apenas as exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis, pioram o desempenho das aves. De modo geral, n?o houve diferen?as no consumo de energia; por?m, o consumo de prote?na e de amino?cidos diferiu ? medida em que se alterou os n?veis de prote?na bruta e amino?cidos digest?veis das dietas. A redu??o dos valores de prote?na bruta das dietas em at? 15% n?o afetou o rendimento de carca?a e cortes, mas as dietas formuladas para atender apenas ?s exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis causaram pioras no rendimento de carca?a e carne do peito das aves. O empenamento das aves n?o foi afetado pelas dietas avaliadas. As an?lises de custos realizadas mostraram que dietas formuladas para o atendimento da prote?na bruta apresentam menor custo; por?m, at? os 35 dias, a redu??o de at? 10% dos valores da prote?na bruta com suplementa??o de amino?cidos digest?veis melhoram o custo do ganho em peso das aves. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of diet formulation considering the attendance of crude protein, diets with reduced crude protein values and requirements of digestible amino acids and diets to meet the amino acid requirements on parameters performance, energy consumption, protein, amino acids, carcass yield and cuts, feathering and costs in the production of broiler chickens at various stages of creation. We conducted five experiments, conducted in the experimental aviary of UFVJM on campus in JK Diamantina - MG. The birds used in the experiments were all male, the strain Cobb 500. In total 2430 birds were used and considered stages 1-7, 8-21, 22-35, 36-42 and 42-49 days of age. In all experiments, the birds were distributed according to a completely randomized design with six treatments (T1 - diet control and formulated in accordance with recommendations of Rostagno et al. (2011) to meet crude protein and digestible amino acids, T2 - diet 5% reduction in crude protein diet control, T3 - diet with 10% reduction of crude protein in the control diet; T4 - diet with 15% reduction of crude protein in the control diet; T5 - diet formulated to meet the requirements the digestible amino acids of diet control with the amount of crude protein free; T6 - diet formulated to meet the amount of crude protein diet control with the amount of digestible amino acids free). In the period from 42 to 49 days were three replicates, but in the other phases were used four replicates per treatment. The performance of the birds, it was observed that, with the assistance of digestible amino acid requirements can be reduced up to 10% of the crude protein nutritional recommendations made by Rostagno et al. (2011), that performance is not affected. However, diets formulated to meet only the requirements of digestible amino acids, decrease the performance of the birds. In general, no differences in energy consumption, however, the consumption of protein and amino acids differ as altered levels of crude protein and digestible amino acid diets. The decreased levels of dietary crude protein up to 15% did not affect carcass yield and cuts, but the diet formulated to meet only the requirements of digestible amino acids, caused decrease in carcass and breast meat of birds. The feathering of the birds was not affected by the diets evaluated. The cost analysis performed showed that diets formulated to meet crude protein have a lower cost, however, up to 35 days, a reduction of up to 10% of the crude protein supplementation with digestible amino acids, improve the cost of weight gain birds.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-04T16:44:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 paula_fernandes_aguiar.pdf: 1304398 bytes, checksum: b5ba032ae507e6546623de36ad29645a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-04T16:45:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 paula_fernandes_aguiar.pdf: 1304398 bytes, checksum: b5ba032ae507e6546623de36ad29645a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-04T16:45:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 paula_fernandes_aguiar.pdf: 1304398 bytes, checksum: b5ba032ae507e6546623de36ad29645a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Apesar da falta de conhecimento sobre os mecanismos da imers?o dos membros inferiores em ?gua fria (IAF) p?s-exerc?cio, este m?todo de recupera??o se faz presente ap?s o exerc?cio f?sico, principalmente no meio esportivo. Os objetivos de sua pr?tica s?o baseados nas poss?veis redu??es da inflama??o muscular, edema, dor e acumula??o de metab?litos, acelerando assim a recupera??o p?s-exerc?cio. Neste contexto, n?o est? claro se a IAF interfere nas adapta??es em n?vel molecular do conte?do da prote?na de choque t?rmico 72 kDa (Hsp72) do tecido muscular esquel?tico. Sendo assim, o presente estudo avaliou se a IAF ap?s as sess?es de exerc?cio, durante um programa de 4 semanas de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT), altera a resposta adaptativa do desempenho f?sico e da Hsp72 do tecido muscular esquel?tico. Foram selecionados 17 volunt?rios, do sexo masculino, adultos (idade: 23 ? 3 anos; peso corporal: 68.7 ? 9.2 kg, estatura: 171 ? 7 cm; gordura corporal: 23.5 ? 5.2%), n?o treinados e saud?veis para participar deste estudo, que assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Os volunt?rios foram pareados em dois grupos de acordo com o desempenho no teste de 15 km em cicloerg?metro. Um grupo foi submetido ? IAF dos membros inferiores ap?s o exerc?cio (n=8), e o outro grupo serviu como controle (CNTRL, n=9). O programa de treinamento f?sico consistiu de 4 semanas de ciclismo intervalado de alta intensidade, com frequ?ncia semanal de 3 vezes. Cada sess?o de HIIT foi composta por 8-12 est?mulos com intensidade entre 90-110% da pot?ncia pico por 60 segundos, seguidos por intervalos de recupera??o ativa de 75 segundos ? 30W. A IAF compreendeu em imergir os membros inferiores em ?gua a 10 ?C, por 15 minutos, ap?s cada sess?o de treinamento. Os volunt?rios do grupo controle ficaram sentados em uma cadeira, na sala de treino a temperatura ambiente. As vari?veis medidas foram consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2max), desempenho no teste de 15 km e resist?ncia de for?a muscular localizada. Al?m disso bi?psias musculares foram realizadas 3 dias antes e 3 dias ap?s o per?odo de treinamento para avalia??o do conte?do muscular de Hsp72. O tempo para completar o teste de desempenho de 15 km diminuiu com o treinamento, mas n?o foi diferente entre os grupos (CNTRL 42.9?1.9 para 38.7?2.9 min e IAF 42.4?2.5 para 37.7?3.0 min, pr? versus p?s-treino, respectivamente). O VO2max aumentou com o treinamento em ambos os grupos, mas tamb?m n?o foi diferente entre os grupos (CNTRL 48.7?5.6 para 51.2?4.8 ml?kg-1?min-1 e IAF 45.7?5.6 to 50.4?4.8 ml?kg-1?min-1, pr? versus p?s treino, respectivamente). Quanto ? resist?ncia muscular localizada, o pico de torque m?dio aumentou com o treinamento em ambos os grupos, sem diferen?a entre as situa??es (CNTRL de 92,7?15,6 n/m para 96,7?14,5 n/m e IAF de 86,0?19,8 n/m para 91,3?13,2 n/m pr? versus p?s-treino, respectivamente). Mas o ?ndice de fadiga (CNTRL 70,0?6,1 % para 67,1?6,8 % e IAF 65,8?8,0 % para 69,3?6,6 % pr? versus p?s-treino, respectivamente) n?o alterou com o treinamento. O conte?do muscular de Hsp72 aumentou com o treinamento, mas n?o foi diferente entre os grupos (CNTRL 100?28% para 124?37% e IAF 100?31% para 131?23%). Sendo assim, n?s conclu?mos que a imers?o em ?gua fria p?s-exerc?cio n?o alterou as adapta??es de desempenho e moleculares avaliadas ap?s 4 semanas de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Despite a general lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms, cold water immersion (CWI) is a recovery strategy commonly employed by athletes. The purpose of its use is based on possible reductions in muscle inflammation, oedema, pain and metabolite accumulation, thereby hastening recovery. Furthermore, it is not clear if CWI can interfere with training adaptation and intramuscular heat shock protein. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CWI in training adaptation and intramuscular heat shock protein after 4 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT). All subjects provided written informed consent and the study was approved by the research ethics committee. Seventeen healthy, young subjects (age: 23 ? 3 years old, body weight: 68.7 ? 9.2 kg, height 171 ? 7 cm; body fat: 23.5 ? 5.2%) were allocated into 2 groups: control (CON, n=9) and cold water immersion (CWI, n=8). Training adaptation was evaluated before and after 4 weeks of HIIT through an individualized ramp test and 15 km cycling time trial (workload set at 50% of peak power), VO2max, and maximal knee extension and flexion of the dominant leg on an isokinetic dynamometer. Additionally, vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained one week before the first and 3 days after the last training session to evaluate intramuscular content of heat shock protein 72 kDa (Hsp72). Each HIIT session consisted of 8-12 cycling exercise bouts with intensity set between 90-110% of the peak power for 60 seconds followed by active recovery intervals of 75 seconds at 30W. HIIT occurred 3 times per week. After each HIIT session, the CWI group had their lower limbs immersed in cold water (10?C) for 15 minutes and the CON group recovered at room temperature. Time to complete the time trial reduced with training, but was not different between recovery methods (CON 42.9 ? 1.9 to 38.7 ? 2.9 min and CWI 42.4 ? 2.5 to 37.7 ? 3.0 min, pre versus post, respectively). VO2max increased with training in both groups, but was not different between recovery methods (CON 48.7 ? 5.6 to 51.2 ? 4.8 mL?kg-1?mim-1 and CWI 45.7 ? 5.6 to 50.4 ? 4.8 mL?kg-1?mim-1, pre versus post, respectively). On the localized muscle strength test average of peak torque increased with training in both groups, with no difference between the situations (CON 92.7 ? 15.6 n / m to 96.7 ? 14.5 n/m and CWI 86.0 ? 19.8 n/m to 91.3 ? 13.2 n/m pre versus post-training, respectively). The relative work per repetition decreased with training (CON 37.6 ? 9.0 J to 32.1 ? 7.6 J and CWI 33.0 ? 8.4 J to 28.0 ? 4.4 J pre versus post -training, respectively) while the fatigue index (CON 70.0 ? 6.1% to 67.1 ? 6.8% and 65.8 ? CWI 8.0% to 69.3 ? 6.6% pre versus post-training, respectively) didn?t change with training. The Hsp72 muscle content increased with training, but was not different between recovery methods (CON 100 ? 28% to 124 ? 37% and CWI 100 ? 31% to 131 ? 23%, p=0.29), without interaction between groups. We conclude that the HIIT protocol was effective in improving performance and increasing muscle Hsp72, and that CWI did not affect the adaptations induced by the training protocol.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-06T18:07:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) keila_abadia_barbosa.pdf: 569445 bytes, checksum: 96bda3ea764c4ae7e6e76c0c9ed5b9cf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-30T14:54:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) keila_abadia_barbosa.pdf: 569445 bytes, checksum: 96bda3ea764c4ae7e6e76c0c9ed5b9cf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-30T14:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) keila_abadia_barbosa.pdf: 569445 bytes, checksum: 96bda3ea764c4ae7e6e76c0c9ed5b9cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se avaliar a energia metaboliz?vel aparente (EMA), a energia metaboliz?vel aparente corrigida (EMAn) e o coeficiente de metaboliza??o aparente da energia bruta (CMAEB) do farelo de crambe e sua inclus?o em ra??es para codornas de corte sobre o desempenho, caracter?sticas de carca?a e an?lise de rentabilidade econ?mica. O primeiro experimento foi realizado para a determina??o da EMA, da EMAn e o CMAEB pelo m?todo de coleta total de excretas. Para isso utilizou-se 315 codornas de corte machos, com 42 dias de idade, durante 10 dias, distribu?das em tr?s tratamentos, sendo T1: ra??o refer?ncia (RR); T2: 80% RR + 20% de farelo de crambe e T3: 70% RR + 30% de farelo de crambe, com sete repeti??es de 15 aves por unidade experimental. Para o segundo experimento foram utilizadas 390 codornas, Coturnix coturnix, da linhagem LF1, machos e f?meas, distribu?das em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e seis repeti??es de 13 aves por unidade experimental. As fases experimentais foram divididas em inicial (8 a 21 dias) e de crescimento (22 a 35 dias de idade). Os n?veis de substitui??o de parte da prote?na da ra??o pela prote?na do farelo de crambe foram: 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12%. Para o primeiro experimento os valores obtidos de EMA, EMAn e CMAEB foram de 2445,58 kcal; 2197,29 kcal e 51,97%, respectivamente, para a ra??o teste T2. Para ra??o teste T3, obteve-se para EMA, EMAn e CMAEB os valores de 1772,18 kcal; 1592,25 kcal e 37,66%, respectivamente. Para o segundo experimento observou-se que n?o houve diferen?as significativas pela substitui??o de parte da prote?na bruta da ra??o pela prote?na do farelo de crambe sobre o desempenho das codornas nas fases inicial e de crescimento. Recomenda-se a substitui??o de parte da prote?na da ra??o pela prote?na do farelo de crambe at? o n?vel de 12%, por n?o influenciar negativamente no desempenho das codornas de corte. Pela an?lise de rentabilidade o n?vel de 6% de substitui??o de parte da prote?na da ra??o pela prote?na do farelo de crambe apresentou o melhor resultado. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / This study aimed to evaluate the apparent metabolizable energy (AME), the corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) and apparent metabolization coefficient of gross energy (AMCGE) of crambe meal and their inclusion in diets for meat quails on performance, carcass features, and economic profitability analysis. The first experiment was conducted to determine the AME, the AMEn and AMCGE by the total excreta collection method. Three hundred and fifteen male meat quails with 42 age days, during 10 days, distributed in three treatments, T1: basal diet (BD); T2: 80% BD + 20% crambe meal and T3: 70% BD + 30% crambe meal, with seven replicates and fifteen birds each. For the second experiment, three hundred and ninety quails, Coturnix coturnix, the LF1 strain, male and female, were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and six repetitions with thirteen birds each. Experimental phases were divided into initial phase (8 to 21 days) and growing phase (22 to 35 days of age). The replacement levels of feed protein by crambe meal protein were 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%. For the first experiment AME, AMEn and AMCGE values were 2445.58 kcal, 2197.29 kcal and 51.97%, respectively, to feed test T2. To feed test T3, was obtained for AME, AMEn and AMCGE values of 1772.18 kcal, 1592.25 kcal and 37.66%, respectively. For the second experiment there were no significant differences by dietary crude protein replacing part by crambe meal protein on the quails performance in the initial and growing phases. It is recommended to replace part of the feed protein at level 12% of crambe meal, not influencing negatively the meat quails performance. For the profitability analysis the replacement level of 6% crambe meal have better results.