African perspectives of mothering and attachment have only started being explored recently. Conversely there has been extensive research on Western understandings of attachment and mothering from a psychoanalytic perspective. Due to the limited literature, little is known whether psychoanalytic theories can be related to African cultural perspectives of mothering and attachment. This study aimed to understand African grandmothers’ cultural knowledge of mothering and attachment through a psychoanalytic attachment theory perspective. Secondly the study intended to describe the points of convergence and divergence between psychoanalytic concepts of attachment and African grandmothers’ cultural knowledge on mothering. Using a qualitative research design, nine African grandmothers, from different locations in Johannesburg, were interviewed, using a semi-structured interview. The data gathered from the interviews was analysed using aspects of narrative analysis. The findings regarding African grandmother’s cultural descriptions of mothering were on the most part consistent with the literature reviewed. The discrepancies between the participants’ understandings and the psychoanalytic attachment literature arose as a result of the major influence of socio-economic circumstances on their lives as caregivers. Psychoanalytic attachment constructs were present in the participant’s narratives and even though they were not specifically named by the participants, the results suggested they are entrenched in African cultural practices. Thus, from a psychoanalytic attachment theory perspective the research was able to demonstrate the convergences and divergences between psychoanalytic concepts of mothering and African cultural understandings of mothering, thereby illustrating how there is room for dialogue between the two.

A umbanda pode ser considerada uma religião que retrata por meio de seus rituais as raízes africanas de nossa sociedade. A presente pesquisa objetivou investigar a construção de laços afetivos e de filiação nos rituais de uma família de santo umbandista. Para esse efeito, com base na teoria psicanalítica lacaniana examinou-se em que medida a vivência afro-brasileira de ancestralidade poderia prestar-se à restituição e consolidação desses laços no âmbito de uma concepção simbólica de família (a família de santo). O método utilizado foi o da escuta participante. Este método combina recursos técnicos psicanalíticos, nomeadamente a atenção ao modo de inclusão do pesquisador no campo e a atenção a aspectos transferenciais, com procedimentos etnográficos. A pesquisa foi realizada no terreiro Templo Seara da Esperança e no Abrigo Lar Dona Cotinha, instituição social administrada pela família em estudo, ambos localizados na cidade de São Paulo. A concepção de família observada apresenta uma matriz africana que se reflete na compreensão do sentido do trabalho no Abrigo. Verificou-se que os guias espirituais do terreiro interpretam-se como pais e espíritos ancestrais e os fiéis e demais integrantes da comunidade como seus filhos. Os últimos são entendidos como crianças a serem cuidadas e como antepassados ao mesmo tempo potencialmente cuidadores uma vez que essas posições se alternam na cadeia geracional. Esta representação de pessoa e de família não apenas é decisiva para o entendimento das relações intrafamiliares como também se alarga à compreensão do sentido do trabalho com as crianças no Abrigo, traduzindo-se em saberes e práticas sociais includentes que merecem a atenção de uma Etnopsicologia afrobrasileira. / Umbanda can be considered a religion that portrays through its rituals the African roots of our society. The present study aimed to investigate the construction of affective and filiation bonds in the rituals of an umbandist family. To this end, based on Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, it was examined into what extent the African-brazilian ancestry experiences are able to repare and consolidate affective and filiation bonds through a symbolic conception of family (a família de santo). The method used is named participant listening. This method combines psychoanalytic technical resources, including attention to the mode of inclusion of the researcher in the field and attention to transference aspects with ethnographic procedures. The research was conducted in a Temple, named Seara da Esperança and Lar Dona Cotinha, social institution administered by the family under study, both located in the city of São Paulo. About the concept of family, it was observed an African-brazilian matrix of understanding which reflects in the meaning of work in the social institution. The spiritual guides of the temple interpret themselves as \"parents\" and ancestral spirits and the faithful and other members of the community as their \"children.\" These latter are defined as children but also as ancestors potentially caretakers, since these positions may alternate in the chain generation of the family. This representation of person and family is not only crucial to the understanding of the relationships within the family but also broadens the understanding of the work meaning with children in shelter, translating into inclusive social knowledge and practices that deserve the attention of an Afro-Brazilian Ethnopsychology

Orientador: Francisco Hashimoto / Banca: Rozilda das Neves Alves / Banca: Catarina Satiko Tanaka / Banca: Maria de Fátima Araújo / Banca: Walter José Martins Migliorini / Resumo: As intensas e sucessivas alterações ocorridas no mundo de hoje, sejam pelo avanço tecnológico ou pela velocidade das informações, levam o homem a novas organizações da subjetividade. A forma contemporânea na administração do tempo não permite hoje ao sujeito que entre em contato com suas experiências emocionais, visto que é capturado pelos artefatos do consumo e seduzido pela superficialidade das relações afetivas. Nesse cenário, o homem sucumbe frente às patologias de hoje - narcísicas, depressivas, compulsivas - demonstrando que é determinante a influência da vivência acelerada do tempo na constituição das formações subjetivas. O reconhecimento da fragilidade humana e da passagem do tempo torna-se um caminho para o sujeito tolerar as perdas inevitáveis em seu processo de existência. Dentro da abordagem psicanalítica, o trabalho discorre sobre o tempo do sujeito, o tempo do mundo e o tempo da clínica, trazendo entendimento a respeito da temporalidade na construção da subjetividade contemporânea / Abstract: The intense and successive changes in the world today, whether by technology advancement or the speed of information, lead man to new organizations of subjectivity. The contemporary way in time management today does not allow the subject to contact his or her emotional experiences, as he or she is captured by artifacts of consumption and seduced by superficiality of affective relationships. In this scenario, the man succumbed to today's pathologies - narcissistic, depressive, compulsive - demonstrating that the influence of accelerated experience of time is determining in the constitution of subjective formations. The recognition of human frailty and of the passage of time becomes a way for the subject to tolerate the inevitable losses in the process of existence. Within the psychoanalytic approach, the study discusses the subject's time, the world's time and time of the clinic, bringing understanding of the temporality in the construction of contemporary subjectivity / Doutor

Com diversos trabalhos buscando compreender quais as mudanças ocorridas nas subjetividades ditas contemporâneas, buscamos delimitar o que diziam os autores que advogavam existir uma nova subjetividade nos tempos de hoje. Partindo de uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema selecionamos de três autores (Joel Birman, Nahman Armony e Jean- Pierre Lebrun) um livro que analisamos detidamente buscando delimitar, em seus discursos, quais os lugares eram configurados para este sujeito, a cultura, a família, o psicanalista etc. Este trabalho analítico foi realizado segundo a Análise Institucional do Discurso (AID) que nos permitiu trabalhar os textos de um ponto de vista pragmático, o que, entre outras coisas, nos possibilitou tratar os autores psicanalíticos sem assumirmos os pressupostos da psicanálise. O trabalho alcançou resultados em duas frentes: mostrou algumas das estratégias discursivas utilizadas pelos autores para legitimarem suas conclusões e concluiu que o sujeito contemporâneo nestes autores é sempre descrito de forma naturalizada, como uma versão que tem algo a mais ou a menos que o sujeito clássico atribuído à época freudiana. Nos textos Birman e Lebrun a análise mostrou que o sujeito agora, nestes discursos, não teria mais aquilo que define o sujeito de fato, enquanto no texto de Armony o sujeito é delineado como aquele que enfim pôde se desenvolver de forma plena, o borderline brando. Para além das argumentações teóricas, tais conclusões são sustentadas pela construção de um lugar privilegiado para o autor, nos discursos analisados o lugar do autor é um lugar de fala privilegiado, o lugar de quem sabe o que diz, que vê além das aparências, que é erudito, que é um clínico experiente; este lugar, mais que qualquer articulação teórica ou demonstração clínica, é o suporte das afirmações presentes dos textos analisados / With several studies trying to understand which are the changes in contemporary subjectivities, we try to define what are saying the authors that advocate a new subjectivity in today\'s times. Starting from a brief literature review on the subject, we then selected a book from each of these three authors (Joel Birman, Nahman Armony and Jean-Pierre Lebrun) and carefully analyzed them seeking to delimit, in his speeches, which places were set for this subjectivity, culture, family, psychoanalyst and so on. This analytical work was carried out according to Institutional Discourse Analysis (IDA) which allowed us to work the texts of psychoanalytic authors without having to agree with the assumptions of psychoanalysis. The analysis achieved results on two fronts: showed some of the discursive strategies used by the authors to legitimize their findings and concluded that the contemporary subject these authors is always described in a naturalized way, as a version that has something more or less than the \"classic subject\" of Freud\'s time. In the texts of Birman and Lebrun, the analysis showed that the subject now, in these speeches, no longer has what defines the \"real subject\"; while in the text Armony, the subject is outlined as the one who finally was able to develop completely, the so-called \"mild borderline\". In addition to the theoretical arguments, such conclusions are supported by the construction of a privileged place for the author: in the speeches analyzed the place of the author is a privileged speech, the place of those who know what it says, that see \"beyond appearances\", that is well read, an experienced clinician; this place more than any theoretical articulation or clinical demonstration, is the support of the statements presented in the texts

If, as author Toni Morrison believes, we tell stories about what we find most terrifying, then our cultural narratives suggest an overwhelming preoccupation with the murderous mother ??? the monster in our minds. This dissertation examines some of the most powerful and enduring stories told about the murderous mother and considers how these stories are shaped by the unconscious fears and fantasies that dominate the cultural psyche. Revolving around the idea of infanticide as an ???imaginary??? crime, this dissertation uncovers the psychoanalytic foundations of the obsessive telling and consumption of stories of maternal child-murder in Western culture and contends that infanticide narratives can be read as symptoms of psychocultural dis(-)ease. Underlying all stories about the murderous mother is an unconscious fear of infanticide and fantasy of maternal destructiveness that is repressed in the individual psyche. These fears and fantasies are expressed in our cultural narratives. Chapter 1 examines fairytales as the literary form that most clearly elaborates individual fears and psychic conflict and locates the phantasmic murderous mother within psychoanalytic narratives of individuation. Chapter 2 shows how individual fears and fantasies of maternal monstrosity are transferred to society and revealed in the myths through which our culture is transmitted. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the particular neuroses of ancient Greek society and early modern culture and consider stories of the murderous mother that most powerfully reflect anxieties of maternal origin and fantasies of maternal power. Chapters 5 and 6 shift to a contemporary setting and consider stories that reveal, in differing ways, how the murderous mother haunts the cultural psyche. Examining a variety of texts and drawing material from a spectrum of disciplines, including law, literature, criminology, theology, philosophy, and medicine, this dissertation concludes that it is only by exposing the underpinnings of our cultural stories about the murderous mother that we can hope to break free from the unconscious attitudes that imprison us. Emerging from this study is an original and important theoretical framework concerning conceptualisations of infanticide, the ways in which we imagine maternal child-murder and the limits of that imagination, and how we might escape the murderous maternal monster buried deep in the labyrinths of the mind.

If, as author Toni Morrison believes, we tell stories about what we find most terrifying, then our cultural narratives suggest an overwhelming preoccupation with the murderous mother ??? the monster in our minds. This dissertation examines some of the most powerful and enduring stories told about the murderous mother and considers how these stories are shaped by the unconscious fears and fantasies that dominate the cultural psyche. Revolving around the idea of infanticide as an ???imaginary??? crime, this dissertation uncovers the psychoanalytic foundations of the obsessive telling and consumption of stories of maternal child-murder in Western culture and contends that infanticide narratives can be read as symptoms of psychocultural dis(-)ease. Underlying all stories about the murderous mother is an unconscious fear of infanticide and fantasy of maternal destructiveness that is repressed in the individual psyche. These fears and fantasies are expressed in our cultural narratives. Chapter 1 examines fairytales as the literary form that most clearly elaborates individual fears and psychic conflict and locates the phantasmic murderous mother within psychoanalytic narratives of individuation. Chapter 2 shows how individual fears and fantasies of maternal monstrosity are transferred to society and revealed in the myths through which our culture is transmitted. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the particular neuroses of ancient Greek society and early modern culture and consider stories of the murderous mother that most powerfully reflect anxieties of maternal origin and fantasies of maternal power. Chapters 5 and 6 shift to a contemporary setting and consider stories that reveal, in differing ways, how the murderous mother haunts the cultural psyche. Examining a variety of texts and drawing material from a spectrum of disciplines, including law, literature, criminology, theology, philosophy, and medicine, this dissertation concludes that it is only by exposing the underpinnings of our cultural stories about the murderous mother that we can hope to break free from the unconscious attitudes that imprison us. Emerging from this study is an original and important theoretical framework concerning conceptualisations of infanticide, the ways in which we imagine maternal child-murder and the limits of that imagination, and how we might escape the murderous maternal monster buried deep in the labyrinths of the mind.

A umbanda pode ser considerada uma religião que retrata por meio de seus rituais as raízes africanas de nossa sociedade. A presente pesquisa objetivou investigar a construção de laços afetivos e de filiação nos rituais de uma família de santo umbandista. Para esse efeito, com base na teoria psicanalítica lacaniana examinou-se em que medida a vivência afro-brasileira de ancestralidade poderia prestar-se à restituição e consolidação desses laços no âmbito de uma concepção simbólica de família (a família de santo). O método utilizado foi o da escuta participante. Este método combina recursos técnicos psicanalíticos, nomeadamente a atenção ao modo de inclusão do pesquisador no campo e a atenção a aspectos transferenciais, com procedimentos etnográficos. A pesquisa foi realizada no terreiro Templo Seara da Esperança e no Abrigo Lar Dona Cotinha, instituição social administrada pela família em estudo, ambos localizados na cidade de São Paulo. A concepção de família observada apresenta uma matriz africana que se reflete na compreensão do sentido do trabalho no Abrigo. Verificou-se que os guias espirituais do terreiro interpretam-se como pais e espíritos ancestrais e os fiéis e demais integrantes da comunidade como seus filhos. Os últimos são entendidos como crianças a serem cuidadas e como antepassados ao mesmo tempo potencialmente cuidadores uma vez que essas posições se alternam na cadeia geracional. Esta representação de pessoa e de família não apenas é decisiva para o entendimento das relações intrafamiliares como também se alarga à compreensão do sentido do trabalho com as crianças no Abrigo, traduzindo-se em saberes e práticas sociais includentes que merecem a atenção de uma Etnopsicologia afrobrasileira. / Umbanda can be considered a religion that portrays through its rituals the African roots of our society. The present study aimed to investigate the construction of affective and filiation bonds in the rituals of an umbandist family. To this end, based on Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, it was examined into what extent the African-brazilian ancestry experiences are able to repare and consolidate affective and filiation bonds through a symbolic conception of family (a família de santo). The method used is named participant listening. This method combines psychoanalytic technical resources, including attention to the mode of inclusion of the researcher in the field and attention to transference aspects with ethnographic procedures. The research was conducted in a Temple, named Seara da Esperança and Lar Dona Cotinha, social institution administered by the family under study, both located in the city of São Paulo. About the concept of family, it was observed an African-brazilian matrix of understanding which reflects in the meaning of work in the social institution. The spiritual guides of the temple interpret themselves as \"parents\" and ancestral spirits and the faithful and other members of the community as their \"children.\" These latter are defined as children but also as ancestors potentially caretakers, since these positions may alternate in the chain generation of the family. This representation of person and family is not only crucial to the understanding of the relationships within the family but also broadens the understanding of the work meaning with children in shelter, translating into inclusive social knowledge and practices that deserve the attention of an Afro-Brazilian Ethnopsychology

Com diversos trabalhos buscando compreender quais as mudanças ocorridas nas subjetividades ditas contemporâneas, buscamos delimitar o que diziam os autores que advogavam existir uma nova subjetividade nos tempos de hoje. Partindo de uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema selecionamos de três autores (Joel Birman, Nahman Armony e Jean- Pierre Lebrun) um livro que analisamos detidamente buscando delimitar, em seus discursos, quais os lugares eram configurados para este sujeito, a cultura, a família, o psicanalista etc. Este trabalho analítico foi realizado segundo a Análise Institucional do Discurso (AID) que nos permitiu trabalhar os textos de um ponto de vista pragmático, o que, entre outras coisas, nos possibilitou tratar os autores psicanalíticos sem assumirmos os pressupostos da psicanálise. O trabalho alcançou resultados em duas frentes: mostrou algumas das estratégias discursivas utilizadas pelos autores para legitimarem suas conclusões e concluiu que o sujeito contemporâneo nestes autores é sempre descrito de forma naturalizada, como uma versão que tem algo a mais ou a menos que o sujeito clássico atribuído à época freudiana. Nos textos Birman e Lebrun a análise mostrou que o sujeito agora, nestes discursos, não teria mais aquilo que define o sujeito de fato, enquanto no texto de Armony o sujeito é delineado como aquele que enfim pôde se desenvolver de forma plena, o borderline brando. Para além das argumentações teóricas, tais conclusões são sustentadas pela construção de um lugar privilegiado para o autor, nos discursos analisados o lugar do autor é um lugar de fala privilegiado, o lugar de quem sabe o que diz, que vê além das aparências, que é erudito, que é um clínico experiente; este lugar, mais que qualquer articulação teórica ou demonstração clínica, é o suporte das afirmações presentes dos textos analisados / With several studies trying to understand which are the changes in contemporary subjectivities, we try to define what are saying the authors that advocate a new subjectivity in today\'s times. Starting from a brief literature review on the subject, we then selected a book from each of these three authors (Joel Birman, Nahman Armony and Jean-Pierre Lebrun) and carefully analyzed them seeking to delimit, in his speeches, which places were set for this subjectivity, culture, family, psychoanalyst and so on. This analytical work was carried out according to Institutional Discourse Analysis (IDA) which allowed us to work the texts of psychoanalytic authors without having to agree with the assumptions of psychoanalysis. The analysis achieved results on two fronts: showed some of the discursive strategies used by the authors to legitimize their findings and concluded that the contemporary subject these authors is always described in a naturalized way, as a version that has something more or less than the \"classic subject\" of Freud\'s time. In the texts of Birman and Lebrun, the analysis showed that the subject now, in these speeches, no longer has what defines the \"real subject\"; while in the text Armony, the subject is outlined as the one who finally was able to develop completely, the so-called \"mild borderline\". In addition to the theoretical arguments, such conclusions are supported by the construction of a privileged place for the author: in the speeches analyzed the place of the author is a privileged speech, the place of those who know what it says, that see \"beyond appearances\", that is well read, an experienced clinician; this place more than any theoretical articulation or clinical demonstration, is the support of the statements presented in the texts

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Women's Studies. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 192-201). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11579

A proposta geral deste estudo é examinar como o referencial psicanalítico freudiano poderia colaborar na abordagem do fenômeno da precarização do trabalho, investigando os modos de subjetivação presentes na contemporaneidade. Procuramos estabelecer um diálogo na interface psicanálise, saúde e trabalho, a partir da observação psicanalítica de um caso investigado na Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador do Município de São Paulo, dispondo de dispositivos de análise da articulação sujeito e sociedade e recuperando o fundamento do método psicanalítico na sua dimensão de extensão. A análise da organização do processo produtivo, no caso estudado, demonstrou que o trabalhador é submetido a uma condição de trabalho precarizada com exposições múltiplas que podem levá-lo a perda da saúde e morte precoce. A situação encontrada na empresa foi remetida ao conceito de cadeia produtiva que, sob a lente psicanalítica, revelaria uma montagem perversa, marcada pelo viés da servidão e sustentada por uma modalidade de manipulação do poder na contemporaneidade. A partir da idéia freudiana desenvolvida em O mal-estar na civilização (1930), segundo a qual o trabalho é um dos instrumentos que o homem criou para lidar com o seu desamparo (Hilflosigkeit) e viver em sociedade, foi possível articular precarização do trabalho, desamparo e servidão / The general propose of this study is to examine how the Freudian psychoanalytical approach could collaborate in the addressing the phenomenon of precariousness of the labor, investigating the contemporary ways of subjectivity construction. We seek a dialogue in psychoanalysis interface, health and work, from a psychoanalytic observation of a case investigated in the Workers Health Surveillance (VST-COVISA) of the city São Paulo, devices featuring analysis of the joint subject and society, and recovering the foundation of the psychoanalytic in dimension extension. The analysis of the organization of the production process, in the case studied, showed that the worker subjected to a precarious working condition with multiple exposures can have a loss in health and an early death. The situation faced in the company was referred to the concept of supply chain that, under the psychoanalytical lens, would reveal a perverse assembly, marked by the bias of bondage and sustained by a kind of manipulation of power in the contemporary society. From the Freudian idea developed in The civilization and its discontents (1930) whereby the work is one of the tools that the man has created to deal with his helplessness (Hilflosigkeit), it was possible to articulate precariousness of the labor, servitude and helplessness