South African schools are quickly, and progressively, becoming arenas for violent behaviour. These days, schools are no longer considered safe and protected environments where children can go to learn, develop, enjoy themselves, and feel secure. Rather, schools are being defined as unsafe and dangerous settings for teaching and learning, plagued by various forms of school violence (Van Jaarsveld, 2008). According to De Wet (2003), the causes of school violence are numerous and exceptional to each violent incident. Research indicates that most perpetrators of school violence are in the adolescent stage of development (O‟Toole, 2000). Adolescence as a transition stage implies severe changes on both an anatomical and a psychological level, presenting psycho-social adjustment demands that could be too much for certain adolescents and end in dysfunctional adaptive behaviour such as aggression (Louw & Louw, 2007; Sigelman & Rider, 2006). According to Meece and Daniels (2008), there seems to be no single cause for aggression and it is seen as an interaction of the adolescent’s own characteristics, family environment, culture, peer relations and community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intra- and inter-psychological factors such as self related well-being, coping self-efficacy, general health and inter-personal relations contribute to manifested anger/hostility/aggression of learners in secondary schools. A quantitative research design of the cross sectional survey type was used to reach the aims of this study. The population included grade nine learners of four secondary schools who fitted the selection criteria. The size of the research group was N=512, which included male (N=217) and female (N=295), African (N=311) and White (N=201) adolescent learners. Quantitative data collection was done by means of the Personal, Home, Social and Formal Relations Questionnaire (PHSF) of Fouché and Grobbelaar (1971), the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE) of Chesney, Neilands, Chambers, Taylor, and Folkman (2006), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) of Goldberg and Hillier (1979) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) of Buss and Perry (1992). A biographical questionnaire was also included to collect the participants‟ socio-demographic information. The empirical research was described and results reported in two manuscripts intended for publication. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity of the measuring instruments used, correlations among the operationalized constructs, significance of differences on the scales for subgroups and regression analyses to identify predictors of aggression and moderating variables, were calculated. The results of the study indicated that although means and standard deviations correspond to those reported in literature for the same scales, the participants in this study manifested only moderate levels of the phenomena measured. The reliability and validity of the measuring instruments were mostly acceptable, with a few exceptions. Correlational results indicated that psychological factors have significantly negative relationships with aspects of aggressive behaviour, suggesting that the more psychological wellness and adjustment youth experience, the less they will experience or express aggressive behaviour. Significance of differences on several of the variables investigated was found between the gender and racial sub-groups with moderate to large practical effect. Furthermore, aspects of personal and social adjustment and of coping self-efficacy and mental health, significantly predicted features of aggression in youth who participated. Intra- and inter-personal aspects of psychological adjustment significantly moderated the strength of the relationships between coping self-efficacy and aggression as well as general mental health and aggression. These findings were theoretically expected and could be explained by means of research findings reported in literature and relevant theories. Conclusions and recommendations were discussed. / Thesis (MA (Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

Diss. (sammanfattning) Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2007.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rebustini_f_me_rcla.pdf: 346678 bytes, checksum: 9dcb289b8a6b3d14867657c4560fee4d (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Nos últimos 30 anos, o estudo dos estados de humor tem sido um dos assuntos mais abordados pela psicometria esportiva. Contudo, um dos grandes desafios é conseguir identificar e mensurar a interferência dos fatores externos (família, amigos e escola) sobre os mesmos e seus reflexos sobre a estruturação do treinamento. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi tentar avaliar o impacto dos fatores externos sobre os estados de humor. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi realizada com uma equipe de voleibol feminina infantil (14 e 15 anos) que compete regularmente nos campeonatos organizados pela Federação Paulista de Voleibol. A mensuração dos estados de humor foi feita por meio do teste POMS (Profile of Mood States) que avalia 6 estados de humor: Tensão, Depressão, Raiva, Vigor, Fadiga e Confusão, ainda adotamos um 7° indicador denominado IEEA (índice de equilíbrio emocional atual), calculado a partir do Vigor subtraído da somatória das outras variáveis. Acrescentamos 4 questões a planilha do POMS para que pudéssemos relacionar os estados de humor ao objetivo de verificar os fatores externos, que foram: Como você está se sentindo em relação ao seu dia até agora? Como você está em relação a sua convivência em casa com seus pais, irmãos e familiares? Como está o relacionamento com suas amigas? e, Como você está na escola em relação a suas notas, tarefas e desempenho?. Foi utilizada uma escala de 1 a 5 (1 muito mal a 5 muito bem) para que a atleta pudesse intensificar sua percepção para cada um dos fatores. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da correlação de Pearson e a análise de variância Anova One Way, Scheffé post hoc test, em ambos os casos foi adotado o nível de significância de p<0.01. Os resultados apontaram haver diferenças significativas entre os níveis de intensidade... . / For over 30 years, the study of the mood states has been one of the subjects most studied in the sport s psychometric. However, one of the greatest challenges is to obtain to identify and to measure the interference of the external factors (family, friends and school) on the mood states and its consequences on the training planning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to try to evaluate the impact of the external factors on the mood states. So, the research was done with young volleyball female athlete participants (14 and 15 years old) that play regularly in the championships organized by the Sao Paulo State Volleyball Federation. To measure the mood states was used the POMS Test (Profile of Mood States) that it evaluates 6 mood states: Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, Fatigue and Confusion, still we adopt a 7th one indicator called IEEA (index of current emotional equilibrium), calculated from the Vigor deducted from the sum of negative factors. We add 4 questions in the POMS sheet to relate the mood states and external factors intensity, that had been: How are you feeling regarding your day? How are you feeling about your relationship with your parents and relatives? How are you feeling about your friends? And, How are you in the school in relation regarding your grade, tasks and performance. A scale of 5 points was applied, regarding 1 very bad, 2 bad, 3 normal, 4 well and 5 very well, for that athlete could intensify its perception for each one of the factors. It was used an analysis of variance Anova One Way and Scheffé post hoc test and the correlation of Pearson, the techniques had adopted as level of significance (p<0.01). The results had pointed out some significant differences between the levels of intensity in the external factors and the mood states. To Depression, Vigor... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).

Orientador: Afonso Antônio Machado / Banca: Maria Teresa K. Leitão / Banca: Silvia Deutsch / Resumo: Nos últimos 30 anos, o estudo dos estados de humor tem sido um dos assuntos mais abordados pela psicometria esportiva. Contudo, um dos grandes desafios é conseguir identificar e mensurar a interferência dos fatores externos (família, amigos e escola) sobre os mesmos e seus reflexos sobre a estruturação do treinamento. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi tentar avaliar o impacto dos fatores externos sobre os estados de humor. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi realizada com uma equipe de voleibol feminina infantil (14 e 15 anos) que compete regularmente nos campeonatos organizados pela Federação Paulista de Voleibol. A mensuração dos estados de humor foi feita por meio do teste POMS (Profile of Mood States) que avalia 6 estados de humor: Tensão, Depressão, Raiva, Vigor, Fadiga e Confusão, ainda adotamos um 7° indicador denominado IEEA (índice de equilíbrio emocional atual), calculado a partir do Vigor subtraído da somatória das outras variáveis. Acrescentamos 4 questões a planilha do POMS para que pudéssemos relacionar os estados de humor ao objetivo de verificar os fatores externos, que foram: Como você está se sentindo em relação ao seu dia até agora? Como você está em relação a sua convivência em casa com seus pais, irmãos e familiares? Como está o relacionamento com suas amigas? e, Como você está na escola em relação a suas notas, tarefas e desempenho?. Foi utilizada uma escala de 1 a 5 (1 muito mal a 5 muito bem) para que a atleta pudesse intensificar sua percepção para cada um dos fatores. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da correlação de Pearson e a análise de variância Anova One Way, Scheffé post hoc test, em ambos os casos foi adotado o nível de significância de p<0.01. Os resultados apontaram haver diferenças significativas entre os níveis de intensidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: For over 30 years, the study of the mood states has been one of the subjects most studied in the sport’s psychometric. However, one of the greatest challenges is to obtain to identify and to measure the interference of the external factors (family, friends and school) on the mood states and its consequences on the training planning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to try to evaluate the impact of the external factors on the mood states. So, the research was done with young volleyball female athlete participants (14 and 15 years old) that play regularly in the championships organized by the Sao Paulo State Volleyball Federation. To measure the mood states was used the POMS Test (Profile of Mood States) that it evaluates 6 mood states: Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, Fatigue and Confusion, still we adopt a 7th one indicator called IEEA (index of current emotional equilibrium), calculated from the Vigor deducted from the sum of negative factors. We add 4 questions in the POMS sheet to relate the mood states and external factors intensity, that had been: How are you feeling regarding your day? How are you feeling about your relationship with your parents and relatives? How are you feeling about your friends? And, How are you in the school in relation regarding your grade, tasks and performance. A scale of 5 points was applied, regarding 1 very bad, 2 bad, 3 normal, 4 well and 5 very well, for that athlete could intensify its perception for each one of the factors. It was used an analysis of variance Anova One Way and Scheffé post hoc test and the correlation of Pearson, the techniques had adopted as level of significance (p<0.01). The results had pointed out some significant differences between the levels of intensity in the external factors and the mood states. To Depression, Vigor... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below). / Mestre

Objetivos: Avaliar o impacto da Enxaqueca e de outros subgrupos de DTM na severidade da Dor Miofascial da musculatura mastigatória e cervical. Adicionalmente, comparar índices de depressão e ansiedade, além da intensidade de dor subjetiva e outras características associadas entre pacientes com Dor Miofascial com e sem o diagnóstico adicional de Enxaqueca. Material e Métodos: Foram selecionados 203 pacientes, com idade média de 40,3 anos (89,2% do gênero feminino), que se apresentaram à Clínica de Dor Orofacial da UCLA-USA, todos com diagnóstico primário de Dor Miofascial. Pacientes com diagnóstico secundário de Enxaqueca, Cefaléia Tipo-Tensional, Osteoartrite e Capsulite também foram incluídos. Para a análise do impacto, foi utilizado o teste de Regressão Linear Múltipla. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para comparar o grupo 1 (Dor Miofascial) com o 2 (Dor Miofascial +Enxaqueca) quanto à intensidade de dor objetiva (palpação) e subjetiva (EAV), ansiedade (BAI) e depressão (BDI), estado de humor, problemas com a função e qualidade do sono (EAV), e incapacidade (EAV e MIDAS). Em todos os testes foi adotado um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: O modelo de regressão demonstrou um impacto significante de todos os diagnósticos incluídos na amostra (p<0,05) na severidade da Dor Miofascial, com valores de beta maiores para Osteoartrite (0,314), seguido da Enxaqueca (0,299), Capsulite (0,244) e Cefaléia Tipo-Tensional (0,232). O grupo 2 apresentou níveis de dor à palpação muscular estatisticamente maiores que o grupo 1 (p<0,05). Ao se analisar a intensidade de dor subjetiva obtida através de EAV, o grupo 2 apresentou níveis maiores em todas as medições, com significância estatística para \"dor no momento\" e \"dor máxima\" (p<0,05). Da mesma maneira, o grupo 2 mostrou níveis maiores, obtidos através de EAV, de problemas com humor, incapacidade, problemas com a função mandibular e problemas com sono/descanso, sendo que apenas o último apresentou significância estatística (p<0,05). Níveis estatisticamente maiores de ansiedade e depressão foram encontrados também no grupo 2 em relação ao 1 (p<0,05). A análise dos resultados do questionário MIDAS demonstrou que o grupo 2 apresentou níveis de incapacidade (dias perdidos por causa da cefaléia) significativamente maiores em 4 das 5 perguntas e no total de dias (p<0,05). Conclusões: O diagnóstico adicional de Enxaqueca, numa população com Dor Miofascial, exerce forte impacto na severidade da dor e na qualidade de vida do paciente. / Objectives: To assess the impact of migraine, tension-type headache and TMD subgroups on pain levels of masticatory and cervical Myofascial Pain (MFP) patients. Moreover, to compare anxiety and depression scores, pain intensity and associated characteristics in MFP patients with and without migraine. Material and Methods: The sample was comprised by 203 consecutive patients, mean age of 40,3 (89.9% of females), primarily diagnosed with MFP, who presented to the UCLA Orofacial Pain Clinic. Secondary diagnoses of Migraine, Tension-Type Headache, Osteoarthritis and Capsulitis were also included. Linear Regression Analysis was used to assess the impact. In order to compare group 1 (Myofascial Pain) with group 2 (Myofascial Pain + Migraine) regarding pain objective (palpation scores) and subjective (VAS) levels, anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI) scores, mood problems, jaw function problems and sleep quality (VAS), and disability levels (VAS and MIDAS), Mann-Whiney test was performed. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: The regression model detected a significant impact of all diagnoses included (p<0,05) on the pain levels of the MFP patients, with higher beta values for Osteoarthritis (0,314), followed by Migraine (0,299), Capsulitis (0,224) and Tension-Type Headache (0,232). Mann- Whitney test revealed that group 2 presented significantly higher pain levels on palpation of masticatory and cervical muscles in comparison to group 1 (p<0,05). Group 2 also presented higher levels of subjective pain, with statistical significance for \"pain at the moment\" and \"highest pain\" (p<0,05). Additionally, the group 2 showed higher levels of mood problems, disability, jaw function impairment and sleep problems than group 1 with statistical significance for the later (p<0,05). Significant higher levels of anxiety and depression were found in group 2 as well (p<0,05). MIDAS questionnaire revealed that group 2 presented significantly higher levels of disability (number of missed days due to the headache) on 4 out of 5 questions and on the total of missed days (p<0,05). Conclusions: Additional diagnosis of Migraine demonstrated a significant impact on pain intensity and life quality of patients with Myofascial Pain. Clinicians should approach both conditions in order to achieve better treatment outcomes.

Mater's thesis (hereinafter MT) is focused on working enviroment analysis in Adventura ltd. The main stress is put on practical aspects derivited from the teoretical background. MT is divided into 4 parts. In the beginning hypothesis is settled. The second part focus on theory for formulation of the teoretical starting point. The third pard consist of detailed analyses of the company enviroment. Recommendations for managament of the company are included in the final part.

Title: Psychological Factors of Weight Loss in Patients after Bariatric Surgery Author: PhDr. Markéta Zajícová Department: Department of Psychology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts Supervisor: PhDr. Tamara Hrachovinová, PhD. Abstract: Obesity with its comorbidities has enormous impacts on the life of the individual as well as the whole society. Therefore, the attention is paid to the treatment of obesity, where bariatric surgery appears to be one of the most effective. The surgical solution offers excellent results in terms of weight reduction in the short- and medium-term period, but the increased number of weigh gain cases appears in long-term perspective. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether any of the psychological factors that are included in the psychological assessment prior to the bariatric surgery, can predict the development of weight after the surgical procedure. The research is retrospective and quantitative; it focuses on monitoring variables from psychological assessment as well as weight development from the time of the surgery to 4 years after the surgery with intervals of 3, 6, 9 months and 1, 2, 3, 4 years. Attention is focused not only on the weight itself, but also on the weight change (compared to the initial weight and the comparison between consecutive...

There are many factors that affect academic achievement among first year college students in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to improve our understanding of academic achievement of first year college students in Saudi Arabia by investigating the relationship between a selection of demographic, academic, and psychological variables and their effects on first-year students’ GPA. All first-year students admitted to the King Saud University in fall 2016 or spring 2017 were invited to complete a self-report survey. 1457 students have completed and submitted the survey. Multiple regression analysis was performed with all independent variables in order to determine whether there were any significant relations between the independent variables and academic achievement. Among the study variables, six variables predicted first-year students’ GPA. Those variables were high school, Saudi aptitude test, Saudi achievement test, gender, stress, and mother’s education level.

Psychological factors and their appearance in upper secondary English education are the focus of this study to collect knowledge regarding the effects on written and oral language production among upper secondary students. Three specific factors are mainly covered, videlicet depression, stress, and anxiety. This issue was selected because of personal interest, furthermore, to collect knowledge and didactic tools regarding the area. The psychological factors are explained in the study and thereafter explored in the context of upper secondary students, specifically in their English language production. The study targets upper secondary students and the psychological factors affecting their language production in English, therefore the survey research had this specific age group as correspondents. The survey included was constructed to collect the quantitative data necessary to answer the research questions. The study involves suggestions for didactical improvements for teachers to consider in future education to be able to support the students suffering from psychological factors. The results observed a presence of psychological factors in the majority of cases and severe effects of it during language production in English.