Orientador: Regina Aparecida Leite de Camargo / Resumo: Esse trabalho teve como objeto de estudo o fenômeno da inovação no setor público através da análise do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF) no município de Claraval-MG, enquanto agente promotor de mudanças nesta política pública para o campo, e se propôs averiguar se havia e quais eram os aspectos inovadores presentes na aplicação do PRONAF naquele município. A partir do pressuposto de que as políticas públicas para a agricultura familiar devem superar o espectro da inserção mercadológica e buscar o enfoque do desenvolvimento rural, tendo como base a manutenção e continuidade da família rural no campo, este estudo buscou, à luz da teoria da inovação no setor público, avaliar quais aspectos são barreiras e quais são indutores da inovação na agricultura familiar do município para promoção de mudanças e desenvolvimento. Para a realização do estudo optou-se, como escolha metodológica, pela abordagem qualitativa através da aplicação do estudo de caso. As fontes secundárias de investigação desta pesquisa foram os registros em arquivos nos sítios eletrônicos da antiga Secretaria Especial de Agricultura Familiar e Desenvolvimento (SEAD), atualmente Secretaria de Agricultura Familiar e Cooperativismo. Para melhor compreender o funcionamento do Programa no município, foram realizadas entrevistas que serviram de fonte para a investigação da realidade e do fenômeno objeto desta pesquisa, bem como para a análise qualitativa dos dados. Os estudos que embasar... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this work was to study the phenomenon of public sector innovation through the analysis of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF) in the municipality of Claraval-MG, as a promoter of changes in this public policy for the countryside and proposed to find out if there were and what were the innovative aspects present in the application of PRONAF at that municipality. Based on the assumption that public policies for family farming should go beyond the spectrum of market insertion and focus on rural development, based on the maintenance and permanence of the rural family in the countryside, this study sought, in the light of innovation of the public sector, assess which aspects are barriers and which are inducers of innovation in family farming in the municipality to promote change and development. For the accomplishment of the study it was opted to, as methodological choice, the qualitative approach through the application of the case study. The secondary sources of investigation of this research were the archival records on the websites of former Special Secretariat of Family Farming and Development (SEAD), now the Secretariat of Family Farming and Cooperatives. To better understand the functioning of the Program in the municipality, interviews were conducted that served as source for the investigation of the reality and the phenomenon object of this research, as well as for the qualitative analysis of the data. The studies that su... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Svensk offentlig sektor står inför en utmaning att klara välfärdsuppdraget i framtiden, och digitalisering har lyfts som en potentiell lösning för att hantera den tilltagande efterfrågan av välfärd. Kommuner har tillskrivits en viktig roll i arbetet med digital utveckling till följd av att de tillhandahåller en stor del av välfärdsleveransen. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka barriärer för digitalisering för svenska kommuner och om det föreligger skillnader mellan kommuner av olika storlek och geografisk placering. En studie genomförs av tre kommuner av olika storlek och geografisk placering som alla bedriver ett aktivt digitaliseringsarbete. Resultatet visar att de mest framträdande barriärerna för digitaliseringsarbete är av organisatorisk karaktär. Resultatet visar även att de större kommunerna uppvisar likheter i hur barriärer upplevs men ingen indikation ges att geografisk placering är en faktor. Slutligen uppmuntrar uppsatsförfattarna till vidare forskning.

Our world today is facing unprecedented challenges in relation to creating a sustainable way of life. Urban areas have a significant potential to positively contribute to addressing these pressing challenges in sustainable development. The public sector plays a central role in ensuring a sustainable development of its municipality.This thesis presents a case study conducted on the example of Helsingborg municipality in Sweden, which is renowned for its approach to sustainable development as well as innovation.The authors have attempted understanding, why and how this Swedish municipality is so effective in its sustainable development by analyzing its use of the Concept Innovation of Quality of Life as a central component in its strategy.The Diffusion of Innovation Theory is used to analyze the adoption and potential of the Quality of Life Concept Innovation. Previous research is summarized and the findings from semi-structured interviews are presented and synthesized to develop a model that explains the diffusion and outcome of the Concept Innovation of Quality of Life. An interview guide for further use is also presented.

公共部門的組織運作相較於過去，正處在更為不穩定和動盪的環境之中，公部門必須提高其「創新」的能力以為因應，並由於治理網絡形式的顯現，也更加強調公部門創新的重要性。面對當前許多充滿高度複雜與棘手的公共問題，我們不僅需要公共創新的新途徑，同時也要為許多問題的解決方案提出必要的工具。無疑地，吾人必須關注如何透過治理網絡中行動者間的協力，即是公共管理者、民選官員、企業、非營利組織等行動者的協力，用以強化公共創新，因此，「協力創新」可以說是當前公部門創新的重要議題，同時也是公部門面對網絡治理亟欲尋求的新方法。簡言之，欲探究的「協力創新」，則是指以網絡為基礎的協力，促進治理過程中公部門的創新。 本研究主要聚焦在公共部門協力創新的理論與實務的討論，以下述兩個關鍵重點做為討論的主軸：一、重點是針對「公共部門的創新」，而非一般所談論的企業創新；二、著重於「跨部門間或網絡協力」的創新，並非單一組織內部的創新。研究問題包括：何謂是在公部門的協力創新？協力創新的過程需要具備哪些條件？網絡中的行動者如何透過協力過程以導引出創新？協力創新呈現的樣貌或結果為何？對文化行政機關而言，文化創意產業政策之推動，對文化行政官僚的協力創新經驗有何特殊性？協力創新的過程有何困難？如何克服這些障礙，以驅動協力創新？ 儘管公部門透過跨部門、跨組織的協力創新研究還處在發展萌芽的階段。在實務上，公部門必須審時度勢，在協力過程中透過制度設計，與行動參與者進行有效溝通、建立信任，並證明展現其領導、協調和整合的能力。因此，本研究關注協力創新在公部門的應用，一方面提出整合自公部門創新、協力治理文獻而發展出來的理論架構，另一方面也針對文建會在推動文化創意產業政策運用協力創新的過程和經驗，進行質化的實證研究，以提供公部門有關協力創新應用之理論面與實務面相互印證的機會。 研究發現公部門創新必須致力於創造更多的公共價值；政治的推力、回應外部發展趨勢、核心職能外新增業務的壓力、尋求和匯集外部資源、創造有利創新的組織文化是公共組織內外環境中存在激發協力創新的驅動因素；而網絡治理的領導能力、多層次與橫向溝通平台、互惠的信任關係基礎、良性的創新循環等是影響協力創新過程的關鍵因素；公部門適當的制度設計有利於協力創新的發展；協力創新的多元價值結果亦呈現出不同的創新類型。最後，本研究也針對協力創新的實務應用、制度設計及組織運作、文化創意產業推動方面提出若干建議。 / The importance of strengthening innovation in the operation and organization of the public sector is highlighted by both today's increasingly variable environment and the emergence of governance networks. The many complex and wicked problems that are currently encountered in civil sector indicates a need not only to innovate, but also to come up with necessary tools for solving multiple problems. No doubt the primary focus should be on uniting efforts among actors in governance networks, namely civil sector managers, elected officials, businessmen, and non-profit administrators, in order to strengthen public sector innovation. For these reasons, collaborative innovation is an important topic in public sector innovation and an anxiously pursued new method as the public sector faces collaborative governance. Moreover, collaborative innovation is network-based collaboration that promotes innovation in the public sector governance process. This study primarily focuses on theories of public sector collaborative innovation and discussions of actual practice in the field. The study revolves around two key points: a focus on public sector innovation as opposed to commonly discussed business innovation, and innovation in cross-sector collaboration or network-based collaboration as opposed to innovation within a single organization. Questions addressed in this study include: What is meant by public sector collaborative innovation? What are the prerequisites for collaborative innovation processes? How do actors within a network lead innovation through collaborative processes? What are the features or results of collaborative innovation processes? What special experiences have administrators of cultural bureaus had promoting cultural and creative industry policies with collaborative innovation? What difficulties are encountered during processes of collaborative innovation? How can these difficulties be overcome in order to spur collaborative innovation? Research of cross-sector and transorganizational collaborative innovation in the public sector is still in its developmental stages. Each collaborative process must be assessed through system design to ensure effective communication and the establishment of trust, as well as to verify leadership, coordination and integration capabilities. Therefore, this study concerned with the application of collaborative innovation in the public sector first constructs its theoretical framework on extant literature in the fields of public sector innovation and collaborative governance, and secondly is directed at the Council for Cultural Affairs use of collaborative innovation in its policies that promote cultural and creative industries. This study employs qualitative empirical research to provide opportunities for mutually verifiable theoretical and practical collaborative innovation applications related to the public sector. Results of this study suggest that innovation in the public sector should be directed at creating more public value. Governmental influence, response to external trends, pressure added by work extrinsic to core functions, the collection of external resources and organizational culture cultivating beneficial innovation are all factors that drive collaborative innovation in and around public organizations. Network governance leadership ability, forums for both horizontal and vertical communication, foundations of mutually beneficial trust, and healthy innovation cycles are all influential factors in collaborative innovation processes. Appropriate organizational design in the public sector spurs the development of collaborative innovation, and the manifold values of collaborative innovation result in different innovative forms. Finally, this study aims to make recommendations for the practical application, organizational design and operation of collaborative innovation, and the promotion of cultural and creative industries.

Government call centers (311) were first created to reduce the volume of non-emergency calls that were being placed to emergency 911 call centers. The number of 311 call centers increased from 57 in 2008 to about 300 in 2013. Considering that there are over 2,700 municipal government units across the United States, the adoption rate of the 311 centers is arguably low in the country. This dissertation is an examination of the adoption of 311 call centers by municipal governments. My focus is specifically on why municipal governments adopt 311 and identifying which barriers result in the non-adoption of 311 call centers. This dissertation is possibly the first study to examine the adoption of 311 call centers in the United States. The dissertation study has identified several significant factors in the adoption and non-adoption of 311 government call centers. The following factors were significant in the adoption of 311 government call centers: managerial support, financial constraints, organizational responsiveness, strategic plan placement, and technology champion. The following factors were significant barriers that resulted in the non-adoption of a 311 government call center; no demand from citizens, start up costs, annual operating costs, unavailability of funding, and no obvious need for one.If local government entities that do not have a 311 government call center decide to adopt one, this study will help them identify the conditions that need to be in place for successful adoption to occur. Local government officials would first need to address the barriers in setting up the 311 call centers.

It is impossible for the world to exist without water, then why do socio-political systems treat it like an unnecessary, disposable resource?  Currently, there is a water crisis happening globally, and specifically in Brazil it encompasses tremendous socio-ecological, political, cultural and economic injustices and challenges. The water resources management and the national infrastructures are inadequate to conserve and treat this valuable commodity. As a result, water is mismanaged and misused causing contaminations, scarcity and socio-economic imbalances. This condition is an unacceptable scenery that calls for radical systemic changes and incorporation of innovative approaches in governmental leadership and socio-political organisation and structure in order to achieve better governance. It is in fact a complex situation that urges the civil society and leaders in power to collaborate and collectively act towards a common mission; save the water and impede the water catastrophe that will cause unprecedented consequences in humanity and on the planet. This paper uses qualitative method research, specifically two case studies focused on the South of Brazil to address the revitalization of urban rivers as well as the issue of ocean governance. It also conducts 10 semi-structured interviews with sustainability experts from a multi-dimensional stakeholder perspective. Thus, the most critical findings of the study are the lack of governance and the insufficient engagement of the civil society due to mistrust, conservative leadership and governmental inadequate management of water resources. Moreover, this research concludes that social and public sector innovation encourage societal inclusivity and eventually foster a ‘bottom up’ system change to achieve interactive water governance and socio-political and ecological resilience.