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This paper presents research on isolated human remains from Grasshopper Pueblo and analyzes the processes by which bone becomes displaced from burials. Isolated human bone has never been systematically examined, which represents a significant gap in the study of the prehistoric American Southwest. This research is important because it is the first determination of the pattern of isolated bone found at an archaeological site and the formation processes that are responsible. It is also relevant for the creation of a standard isolated bone methodology and because it enables a better understanding of burial assemblages and anomalous assemblages of culturally modified bone.Subadults dominate the assemblage and larger elements are better represented than smaller elements. Most of the modifications present are postmortem but perimortem breakage and toolmarks are also present. This research produced a baseline of detailed data on isolated human bone in which patterns and anomalies can be inferred; the results suggest multiple causes of the isolation of the specimens, including prehistoric cultural disturbance, rodent disturbance, and the process of excavation.

Although human land use in the industrial and post-industrial world has had demonstrable impacts on global climate, human land use may also improve or reduce the resilience of ecosystems to anthropogenic and natural climate change. This dissertation tests the hypothesis that low severity anthropogenic burning by prehistoric and protohistoric indigenous societies in the ponderosa pine forests of east-central Arizona improved the resilience of these forests to low frequency climate change. I use sedimentary charcoal, phosphorus, stable carbon isotopes, and palynology to reconstruct changes in fire regimes over the last 1000 years from seven radiocarbon dated alluvial sequences in five watersheds across a gradient of indigenous land use and occupation histories. Paleoecological evidence from occupied watersheds is consistent with small-scale, agricultural burning by Ancestral Pueblo villagers (between AD 1150-1325/1400) and anthropogenic burning by Western Apaches to promote wild pant foods (ca. AD 1550-1900) in addition to naturally frequent, low severity landscape fires. Statistical reconstructions of climate driven fire activity from tree-ring records of annual precipitation indicate that Southwestern forests were vulnerable to increased fire severity and shifts to alternative stable states between AD 1300-1650. In watersheds that were unoccupied or depopulated by AD 1325, paleoecological and sedimentological evidence is consistent with an increase in fire severity, whereas areas occupied and burned by indigenous people until AD 1400 did not yield evidence of increased fire severity. These results suggest that anthropogenic burning by small-scale societies may have improved the resilience of Southwestern forests to climate driven environmental changes.

This dissertation analyzes archaeological features and materials related to metal production excavated from the early colonial component (1598-1680 AD) of the Pueblo of Paa-ko (LA 162), Bernalillo County, New Mexico. The dissertation characterizes the metallurgical technology employed at Paa-ko through the integration of archaeological, technological and ethnohistorical data in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of the technology in terms of its material and social aspects. By integrating many scales of analysis, from site specific behavioral observations, to regional and global economic networks, the project investigates how economic, technical and social knowledge is communicated, contested, and transformed across the social and cultural boundaries present in early colonial communities. The dissertation addresses how the situated agency of indigenous practitioners incorporated within colonial industries, shapes such industries. It also explores the effects of such agency in the resulting technology at LA 162, and early Spanish colonial constructions of 'value' (of both an economic and social nature), more broadly.

Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1934. / "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago Libraries, Chicago, Illinois." "July 1934." Published also as the University of New Mexico bulletin, Monograph series, vol. 1, no. 1. Includes bibliographical references (p. ix-x).

Project Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [200]-206).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1934. / "Private edition, distributed by the University of Chicago Libraries, Chicago, Illinois." "July 1934." Published also as the University of New Mexico bulletin, Monograph series, vol. 1, no. 1. Includes bibliographical references (p. ix-x).