This thesis presents the results of a multi-disciplinary investigation of a variant Ancestral Pueblo mortuary rite at Wallace Ruin, southwest Colorado (USA). This multi-storey building is one of four Lakeview Group great houses connected to the Pueblo II regional system centred at Pueblo Bonito of Chaco Canyon some 100 km to the south. From c. AD 1060-1150, Wallace Ruin functioned as a ritual-economic centre with a small residential component. Then, habitation of this great house, the Lakeview Group and all domiciles within 10 kilometres ceased. However, three or more decades later at least six rooms were used as a non-residential, Pueblo III mortuary facility for a minimum of 32 individuals. This utilisation was in marked contrast to the enduring Ancestral Pueblo practice of residential burial, usually in the extramural midden. The interrogation of several hypotheses regarding this anomaly entails a bioarchaeological approach that integrates skeletal evidence with spatial analyses regarding diachronic mortuary location choices at Wallace Ruin. Taphonomic methods that segregate bone displacements during corpse decomposition in a filled versus a void space provide accurate determinations of the depositional versus discovered mortuary microenvironments. The diachronic analysis of data from roughly 200 San Juan Region sites reveals additional ways in which Wallace’s Pueblo III mortuary program departs from longstanding communities of practice, whether great house or domicile. Chief among these are the use of a surface room floor and the postural arrangement of supine bodies with knees upright. These results, in combination with material culture evidence, form the basis of this thesis: The Pueblo III mortuary program at Wallace Ruin is a variant rite that entails a Mesa Verde Region reformulation of a Pueblo Bonito house society. The sanctioned retrieval of objects of memory offers a plausible explanation for intentional intrusions into two mortuary contexts. Beyond addressing questions concerning Wallace Ruin, a major contribution of this study includes advancement of the house society model as an interpretive scheme for evaluating Mesa Verde Region socio-ritual dynamics. This research also demonstrates the effectiveness of anthropologie de terrain (Duday, 2006) to retrospectively determine the original status of Ancestral Pueblo mortuary microenvironments. The refinement developed for this study, in which Range of Motion criteria are used to detect large-scale movements of lower limbs during corpse decomposition, is suitable for bioarchaeological analyses the world over.

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abstract: My research focuses on Indigenous and Pueblo women’s knowledges and the role of our knowledges as they relate to the future of Indigenous and Pueblo communities. My main research question is multifaceted—what is Indigenous and Pueblo women’s knowledge, how is this knowledge communicated and taught, what changes have occurred to those knowledges over time, and what changes have happened due to perceived and real threats. In answering that question, the sources used for my research include the qualitative data collected from personal interviews with Pueblo women, my literature review, and information that I know or have learned from personal experience, including my knowledge as a Pueblo woman. My dissertation is in three parts: a journal article, a book chapter and a policy paper. The journal article responds to this question: How and in what ways have Pueblo and Indigenous women’s knowledges been impacted, influenced or shaped by colonialization? I contribute to conversations about how colonization has impacted, influenced, and transformed Indigenous women’s identities, knowledges, roles, and ways of living. My book chapter takes a look at definitions of Indigenous and Pueblo women’s knowledges and teachings from the perspectives of Indigenous and Pueblo women. The book chapter focuses on the modern day issues facing Pueblo women, specifically, how to ensure our survival and our Pueblo ways of life in the face of colonization. The book chapter focuses on Pueblo women’s teachings and knowledges as they are passed down from generation to generation. Those teachings have been key to our survival and key to maintaining our traditions, our language and our Pueblo way of life. The policy paper discusses my views on the importance for Pueblo nations to adopt policies that protect Pueblo women which will protect and ensure the passage of Pueblo women’s knowledges to future generations towards ensuring that Pueblo people continue to exist and be who we are, Pueblo people. In the policy paper, I also discuss what well-being or health means and how that relates to the importance of adopting policies to protect Pueblo women from sexual assault, domestic violence, human trafficking and other forms of violence that may be used against Pueblo women in our communities. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2018

The purposes of this study were to analyze and describe leisure activities, in order to provide useful data for school administrators, teachers, and writers of textbooks for Indian children. Particular consideration will be given in this field research to the following questions: 1. What are Taos Indian children's preferences for leisure activities? 2. Do children of the same Pueblo but of different sex have similar leisure activities?

No description available.

Durante la conquista española del imperio Inca (1532), una de las instituciones más admiradas y celebradas por los conquistadores hispanos fueron las posadas de descanso o los denominados tambos que se encontraron a lo largo del Capac Ñan o camino Inca principal que unificó el Tawantinsuyo (1400 d.C. – 1532), nombre con el que los Incas llamaban a su imperio (Pizarro 1969 [1571]). Estos edificios prehispánicos estaban ubicados cada cierto tramo de distancia, contaban con espacios de descanso y provisiones, resultando ser importantes para el éxito de la conquista española en el agreste territorio Andino. Los tambos fueron instituciones incaicas que junto con los caminos Incas contactaron los principales centros administrativos y zonas de interés económico del imperio en las provincias. Estas instalaciones fueron sistemáticamente construidas cada 15 a 25 km de distancia a lo largo de los aproximadamente 40,000 km de caminos principales y secundarios, del más grande imperio de las Américas precolombinas. / Tesis

Cranial and post-cranial non-metric variants are used to examine 664 individuals from the Grasshopper Pueblo skeletal series. The pueblo was inhabited from the 12th to the 14th century A.D. A variety of statistical analyses are utilized to examine patterns of morphological variation which can be used to assess whether biological differences can be demonstrated on the basis of non-metric trait frequencies. All traits are examined for frequency of occurrence, and trait frequencies are then tested to determine if they vary by side of the body, sex, age, type of cranial deformation or association with one another. A series of skeletons are re-tested in order to test intra- and inter-observer reliability. A refined list of traits developed from these analyses is then used to examine trait frequency distributions among the three major room blocks at the site. The full battery of traits used in this study are found to be free of the effects of side of the body, sex, type of cranial deformation and associations with one another, but are affected slightly by age. Intra- and inter-rater reliability are low for this sample and battery of traits. The conclusion is that individuals from the Pueblo do not aggregate into groups which are distinguishable on the basis of non-metric traits.

Desde el año 2010, un grupo de pobladores de Maras, en Cusco, impulsa una iniciativa de turismo que consiste en la revaloración de los activos culturales del pueblo, a través de la cultura viva y los talentos locales. Bajo el Marco de los Capitales Comunitarios, la presente investigación realiza un estudio de caso, con metodología cualitativa, a la iniciativa impulsada por la Asociación Artística Cultural Piel de Sal Maras para determinar los factores sociales que condicionan o limitan el impulso y la consolidación de iniciativas de Turismo Rural, impulsadas por los actores locales, en contextos de Nueva Ruralidad. Se evidencia que, para impulsar la actividad turística, es necesaria la construcción y gestión un capital social, que permita el desarrollo de la cohesión entre los pobladores/socios, así como la construcción de las conexiones que facilitan el acceso a los medios y canales de promoción y comercialización. Los capitales cultural y humano permiten asegurar los talentos, capacidades y competencias necesarias para la consolidación y la sostenibilidad de la experiencia y la propia construcción del capital social. El capital financiero, permite adaptar y mejorar activos, invirtiendo en mejoras que se traducen la calidad del servicio ofrecido y que, sumado a la implementación de los demás capitales logra asegurar la consolidación de la experiencia. Sin embargo, para lograr que el esfuerzo, asociado a la construcción de todos los capitales se traduzca en la sostenibilidad de las iniciativas, es necesario que el capital político, a nivel de instituciones que tienen un rol dentro de la actividad turística, trabajen de manera articulada y puedan generar las condiciones mínimas necesarias para que iniciativas turísticas, impulsadas por pobladores locales, puedan consolidarse y sostenerse en el tiempo.

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LA-UR-09-02500A wide range of theories - resilience theory and the study of complex adaptive systems, for example - are advancing our understanding of anthropological systems. Recently, anthropologists have applied the panarchy framework to study socionatural systems. This framework allows researchers to assess growth, conservation, release, and reorganization in this nested-cycle model that operates simultaneously at multiple spatio-temporal scales. The long time-depth of the archaeological record is a critical factor in our ability to investigate human behavior within the panarchy's set of nested adaptive cycles.Archaeological investigation in the US Southwest has focused on processes of aggregation and culture change due to varying environmental and social conditions; the Pajarito Plateau, NM, has been the subject of archaeological research since the late 1800s. The Los Alamos National Laboratory portion of the Plateau has been thoroughly surveyed for cultural resources, but has received less attention by scholars than surrounding areas, including Bandelier National Monument. I use the panarchy framework to build a model of Puebloan settlement, land use, demography, and adaptation to assess the utility of the panarchy model for anthropological systems and fill a void in archaeologists' understanding of the Puebloan Southwest.I analyze patterns of residential and agricultural land use during the Rio Grande Coalition and Classic periods (A.D. 1150-1600) for the Pajarito Plateau. I conclude that there is no major change in the use of various landscape ranges between these periods. I reconstruct regional Puebloan momentary population and investigate recent evidence that supports a San Juan Basin source of the dramatic population increase during the Late Coalition. I also investigate aggregation into large plaza pueblos, the development of craft specialization, agricultural intensification, architectural change, and increased participation in the wider Rio Grande marketplace economy as responses of households, clans, villages, and the entire Pajarito population to the highly fluctuating climate of the local landscape. I address these results within the panarchy framework. Further, I argue that the Pajarito Plateau system continued after the population dispersed into the Rio Grande Valley below, to be closer to reliable sources of water and the growing Rio Grande economy.