No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

M.S.

Statins, hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors (HMG-Co-A), are known to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Interestingly, Simvastatin was previously reported to have a positive effect on the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. However, the biocompatibility of Simvastatin has not been studied thoroughly. The purpose of this study was to further compare the effectiveness of different concentrations of Simvastatin on the attachment, proliferation, differentiation, toxicity, mineralization, and flow cytometry of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and osteoblasts. HDPCs and osteoblasts were cultured with Simvastatin at various concentrations of 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, and 0 μmol/L was used as a control. The cell attachment was evaluated at 16 hours for HDPCs and 9 hours for osteoblasts. The proliferation rate, differentiation, cytotoxicity, and mineralization were investigated at 7, 14 and 21 days. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed at 1 and 3 days. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. P-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results showed that 25 μmol/L demonstrated the highest cell attachment efficiency when compared to the control in HDPCs (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance (P>0.05) amongst the groups in the cell attachment efficiency in osteoblasts. All tested concentrations showed a significant decrease in the proliferation rate and mineralization (P<0.001) and an increase in cytotoxicity and cytostasis (P<0.001) in both cell types. ALP levels increased in HDPCs and osteoblasts (P<0.001). DSP and RUNX2 levels decreased in HDPCs (P<0.001). OSC levels were increased in osteoblasts, but RUNX2 was decreased (P<0.001). Cell cycle and apoptosis significantly increased as time increased (P<0.001) in both cell types. In conclusion, the present findings showed that Simvastatin adversely affects the proliferation, cell viability of HDPCs and osteoblasts by inducing apoptosis, which were confirmed by flow cytometry results. There was an increase in the odontogenic and osteogenic markers hinting at early differentiation, which decreased as time increased. / 2025-07-10T00:00:00Z

In the pulp production industry one potential problem is the production of gas from microbial activity in the storage tank. If left unchecked such gas production can in extreme cases lead to an explosion. To prevent any such event the current method of maintaining microbial activity in pulp plants is to use hazardous biocides. Such biocides can be expensive and dangerous to handle – therefore a safer and cheaper alternative would be preferred. This study aims to examine and evaluate two potential alternatives: Tannins extracted from trees with natural antibacterial properties and introduction of Lactobacillus plantarum to see if a more manageable bacteria can out-compete the bacteria already in the pulp. The results were measured by observing gas production in different trials where pulp from a nearby plant was mixed with different concentrations of tannins or Lactobacillus. The results showed that this strand of Lactobacillus plantarum had no effect on gas volume production while the pulp mixed with tannins did have some effect by lowering the amount of gas volume produced. However, the experiments with tannins and pulp showed no clear dose-response relationship which most likely is caused by varying quality and handling of the pulp used in the experiments. In summary this study shows that tannins can have an effect on the volume of gas produced by recycled paper pulp by lowering it – although not completely inhibiting it.

To produce paperboard is a complex process which requires sophisticated monitoring to achieve a paperboard of high quality. Holmen Iggesund is a company in the paperboard manufacturing industry, aiming to produce paperboard of world leading quality. Therefore, they continuously develop their knowledge the production process. In this study, conducted at Holmen Iggesund, the focus is the property of delamination, which is tested with a method called Scott bond. Seven different input signals, measured over a two-year period, were used as input to six different models and used to predict the output (Scott bond). The result showed that a Random Forest model provided the best prediction performance among the tested models. EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) was then used to better understand the predictions of the Random forest model. It provided an understanding of which input signals were most significant for the model predictions and the values that the input signals should have to predict a high or low value of the output signal. The results from the work give an increased understanding of the process behavior which may help to improve the monitoring of the process and how to counter interact when a process disturbance occurs. It also shows the potential of using complex machine learning models combined with XAI algorithms.

Syfte och avgränsningar Studiens syfte har varit att ta fram effektiviseringslösningar kopplat till lager- ochutlastningshanteringen genom att ta fram automatiseringslösningar. Studien har avgränsat sigtill lager- och utlastningshanteringen och inte tagit hänsyn till andra delar i värdeflödet. Fokushar varit lagringen av massabalar men författaren anser att resultaten är tillämpningsbara iandra lager också. Metod Studiens grund ligger i att vara en undersökande studie där tidigare forskningen står förramverket. Primärdata samlades in genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer medindivider i olika befattningar för att erhålla en helhetsförståelse av automatiseringens effekter.Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys, kompletterad av innehållsanalys. Resultat och analys Studiens resultat lyfter vikten av förståelse om behoven vid automatisering för att undvikaöverdrivet komplexa och kostsamma system. För att automatisera i tung industri anses detbästa alternativet vara traverskranar då den klarar storleken på produkterna. Studien belyserde effekter en automatisering skulle medföra för beslutsfattande. Genomförandet avförändringar kan en viss form av motstånd förväntas, vilket behöver hanteras genom olikametoder såsom att kartlägga och bedöma omfattningen av motståndet.