The Swedish upper secondary education consists of different types of schools. One type of school is the upper secondary for pupils who have assessed as having an intellectual disability. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge and understanding of pupils’ experiences of everyday life in school, and how they perceive the significance of their sense of belonging to this type of school. An additional aim of the study is to increase the knowledge about different ways of organizing the education and teaching. The collection of data started with a national questionnaire survey which was directed to headteachers at the schools. Based on the results from the survey five schools were selected. By participant observations at the schools and repeated interviews with 14 young women and 12 young men, the first person perspective has been studied and analysed through an interpretive approach. The analysis showed that knowledge about the schools different ways of organizing the teaching are of importance, to understand pupils’ diverse experiences of school life. As an example it has an impact on how the pupils evaluate different types of knowledge, but also how they view their future opportunities. Any clear connection between the schools different ways of organizing the education and teaching and pupils’ experiences of their sense of belonging to this type of school has not emerged. Instead pupils’ awareness, confidence, uncertainty, dejection and determination are to be seen as a framework of understanding, telling us about their experiences of their school affiliation. Together they demonstrate a complexity surrounding pupils’ situation, associated to both advantages and disadvantages in school, but also their thoughts about identity and how they perceive being categorized as deviant by others. The analysis also showed that expectations on the pupils, and their possibilities in the school context, are related to a special school culture and to gender differences. / <p>Therése Mineur</p><p>is also affiliated to / är också knuten till</p><p>Högskolan i Halmstad</p>

Abstract Globalization and transition from an industrial society to an information society have contributed to change the labour market. This means that other skills are required from employees and citizens, more than ever before, which explains the challenge that upper secondary school teachers are facing, trying to define what skills and abilities students with intellectual disability will need in the future. Entrepreneurship in education has been displayed by several participants in the education system, in response to how students can be prepared to match the demands of globalization and a changeable environment. However, it seems complicated to get a consensus about the concept and even the teaching methods, as entrepreneurship in education can be interpreted in different ways. The overall aim of the study is to explore the meanings of the concepts of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial competences, based on some teachers' perspectives, in upper secondary education for pupils with intellectual disability.  A further aim is to illustrate what opportunities and challenges that upper secondary school teachers describe, that work with entrepreneurship in education for pupils with intellectual disability, can imply. The study is qualitative, with didactics and entrepreneurship as theoretical starting points. Data has been collected through semi structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. The result shows that the teachers mainly work on the basis of a broad definition of entrepreneurship, and confirm that there seems to be a confusion, about what entrepreneurship in education can mean. Entrepreneurship in education for pupils with intellectual disability appears as a relatively unexplored phenomenon, which highlights a need, as entrepreneurship is one of five perspectives that education in upper secondary school will be penetrated by.  My study increases the knowledge, of how some teachers, perceive entrepreneurship in upper secondary education for pupils with intellectual disability and can be seen as a contribution of knowledge, to participants in the same area of context.   Keywords Entrepreneurship, Broad perspective, upper secondary education for pupils with intellectual disability, interview study / Sammanfattning Globalisering och övergången från ett industrisamhälle till ett informationssamhälle, har bidragit till att arbetsmarknaden har förändras. Detta innebär att det krävs andra kompetenser, av arbetstagare och samhällsmedborgare nu, än det gjorde förr. Föregående aktualiserar den utmaning, som speciallärare/lärare på gymnasiesärskolan, ställs inför med hänsyn till att definiera vilka kunskaper och förmågor elever kommer att behöva i framtiden. Entreprenörskap i utbildning lyfts fram, av flera aktörer inom utbildningsväsendet, som svaret på hur elever kan förberedas för att matcha de krav som globalisering och en ombytlig miljö innebär. Dock, så verkar det komplicerat att få en samsyn kring begreppet och tillika då undervisningsmetoder, eftersom entreprenörskap i utbildning går att tolka på olika sätt. Det övergripande syftet med studien är att utforska innebörder av begreppen entreprenörskap och entreprenöriella kompetenser utifrån några lärares perspektiv på gymnasiesärskolans nationella program. Ytterligare ett syfte är att åskådliggöra de möjligheter och utmaningar, som gymnasiesärskolelärarna beskriver att arbete med entreprenörskap i utbildning kan innebära.  Studien är kvalitativ, med didaktik och entreprenörskap som teoretiska utgångspunkter. Data har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserats med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar, att lärarna främst arbetar utifrån en bred definition av entreprenörskap, samt bekräftar att det verkar råda en begreppsförvirring kring vad entreprenörskap i utbildning kan innebära. Entreprenörskap i utbildning, utifrån kontexten gymnasiesärskola, framstår som ett relativt obeforskat fenomen, vilket aktualiserar ett behov, eftersom entreprenörskap är ett av fem perspektiv som utbildningen i gymnasiesärskolan ska genomsyras av. Studien bidrar med kunskap, utifrån hur några lärare i gymnasiesärskolan, uppfattar entreprenörskap i utbildning, vilket kan ses som ett kunskapsbidrag till aktörer inom kontexten gymnasiesärskola.   Nyckelord Entreprenörskap, Bred definition, gymnasiesärskola, intervjustudie

The purpose of this study is to examine how some teachers reason regarding the IDP in upper secondary school for pupils with intellectual disability. The chosen theory of the study is curriculum theory and the chosen method of the study is qualitative content analysis.   Ten teachers from five upper secondary schools for pupils with intellectual disability in Central Sweden, which both used and did not use IDP as tools in teaching for pupils with intellectual disability have been interviewed. To analyze the interviews, both the inductive approach and the deductive approach have been used.   The results of the study shows that the IDP has many functions in teaching pupils with intellectual disability at upper secondary school. There were mostly advantages that emerged in the teachers' reasoning regarding the use of the IDP in the education of pupils with intellectual disability, although there were also some disadvantages. In those categories where it was possible to study the existence of curriculum ideologies, it was primarily the learner centered ideology as well as social efficiency ideology that were most prominent.   Current research on IDP has been discussed as well as curriculum and syllabus and how they relate to IDP and pupils with intellectual disability.

The Master's Thesis addresses prevention of the burnout syndrome in regards to teachers at special needs primary schools. These teachers work with pupils with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities, multiple disabilities and autism spectrum disorders. The theoretical part of the paper deals with the causes, risk factors, and prevention possibilities of the burnout syndrome. It deals with the burnout syndrome as a general phenomenon which affects the entire population. It furthermore addresses the risk of a burnout in teachers and the risk-factor specifics of this group. Furthermore, it outlines the specifics of education at primary schools for pupils with special needs. This part provides needed foundation for the actual research. The practical part of the thesis contains an analysis of a research conducted at a specific primary special school. For the research, I used the qualitative design method in the form of interviews. The interviews were conducted with five teachers and the director of the Kindergarten and Primary Special School Diakonie ČCE. The aim of the research was to collect data regarding the risk factors and experiences with prevention of a burnout, that from the individual standpoints of the teachers' approaches as well as from the perspective of the management of the school....