In recent years, many sexually attractive PR females can be seen at every exhibition. They are top models, stars, adult video actresses, poster girls, show girls, etc. A lot of literatures have mentioned that females are frequently objectified and commercialized in order to satisfy the desire of males in a patriarchal and capitalistic society. Due to the changing trends, saleswomen reveal different appearances in various frameworks of exhibition. Sexually attractive females have become the key persons in the exhibition; their mission is not only to soften the atmosphere permeated by cold hard products, but also to attract visitors, engage in customer relations, and achieve the expected turnover. The study subjects were visitors at the 2007 Kaohsiung Computer Multimedia and Audio Exhibition. By answering the questionnaires their ¡§visiting purpose¡¨ and ¡§purchase intention¡¨ as well as the ¡§demographic statistic variables¡¨ were all investigated. All data were analyzed via: descriptive statistics, reliability factors, correlation and single-factor variation (one way ANOVA). The correlation and study assumptions can therefore be verified. The research results showed that there is a correlation among ¡§visiting purpose¡¨, ¡§purchase intention¡¨ and ¡§demographic statistic variables.¡¨ It proved that the sexually attractive females did not necessarily attract consumers with pure intentions to purchase their desired products, but they did attract consumers who love to ogle scantily clad females or who just want to spend their free time at the exhibition. The demographic statistic variables presented that those sexually attractive females did attract many students under the age of 25, and they were willing to change their purchase intention. Companies can refer to this research in planning their sales strategies and determine special promotions where sexually attractive PR females can be used to help hawk their products, so that the best benefits can be achieved. Keywords: exhibition, feminism, sexually attractive females, visiting purpose, purchase intention

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For decades, the semiconductor industry enjoyed exponential improvements in microprocessor power and performance with the device scaling of successive technology generations. Scaling limitations at sub-micron technologies, however, have ceased to provide these historical performance improvements within a limited power budget. While device scaling provides a larger number of transistors per chip, for the same chip area, a growing percentage of the chip will have to be powered off at any given time due to power constraints. As such, the architecture community has focused on energy-efficient designs and is looking to specialized hardware to provide gains in performance. A focus on energy efficiency, along with increasingly less reliable transistors due to device scaling, has led to research in the area of approximate computing, where accuracy is traded for energy efficiency when precise computation is not required. There is a growing body of approximation-tolerant applications that, for example, compute on noisy or incomplete data, such as real-world sensor inputs, or make approximations to decrease the computation load in the analysis of cumbersome data sets. These approximation-tolerant applications span application domains, such as machine learning, image processing, robotics, and financial analysis, among others. Since the advent of the modern processor, computing models have largely presumed the attribute of accuracy. A willingness to relax accuracy requirements, however, with goal of gaining energy efficiency, warrants the re-investigation of the potential of analog computing. Analog hardware offers the opportunity for fast and low-power computation; however, it presents challenges in the form of accuracy. Where analog compute blocks have been applied to solve fixed-function problems, general-purpose computing has relied on digital hardware implementations that provide generality and programmability. The work presented in this thesis aims to answer the following questions: Can analog circuits be successfully integrated into general-purpose computing to provide performance and energy savings? And, what is required to address the historical analog challenges of inaccuracy, programmability, and a lack of generality to enable such an approach? This thesis work investigates a neural approach as a means to address the historical analog challenges of inaccuracy, programmability, and generality and to enable the use of analog circuits in general-purpose, high-performance computing. The first piece of this thesis work investigates the use of analog circuits at the microarchitecture level in the form of an analog neural branch predictor. The task of branch prediction can tolerate imprecision, as roll-back mechanisms correct for branch mispredictions, and application-level accuracy remains unaffected. We show that analog circuits enable the implementation of a highly-accurate, neural-prediction algorithm that is infeasible to implement in the digital domain. The second piece of this thesis work presents a neural accelerator that targets approximation-tolerant code. Analog neural acceleration provides application speedup of 3.3x and energy savings of 12.1x with a quality loss less than 10% for all except one approximation-tolerant benchmark. These results show that, using a neural approach, analog circuits can be applied to provide performance and energy efficiency in high-performance, general-purpose computing. / text

The purpose of this study is to find out teachers view on manipulatives as a way to concretize a certain mathematical content and to highlight knowledge and experiences within the range of using manipulatives to concretize. By answering the questions below different approaches a teacher may have towards the manipulatives and how that may impact on student’s learning will also be discussed in comparison to mainly traditional and socially constructive theories of learning. What is the teachers view on manipulatives as a way to concretize? What purpose do they have when using manipulatives? According to the teachers, what does it mean to concretize a certain mathematical content? According to the teachers, what connection is there between manipulatives and concretizing? Through interviews and observations conclusions can be made that the teachers are in general positive towards using manipulatives as a way to concretize a certain mathematical content although the definition of what a manipulative is differ somewhat between the teachers. The teachers working with manipulatives do it in a well thought out fashion but more research is needed to furthermore define the purpose of using manipulatives. Few countries spend so much time concretizing and working with manipulatives as Sweden do, but still Sweden score below the OECD-average on the mathematical PISA-tests. You make ask yourself if this then is the right way to go to enhance student’s mathematical knowledge.

Didėjant informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų plėtrai į visas gyvenimo sritis, visų socialinių lygių žmonių bendravimas, ypatingai paauglių, vis labiau persikelia į virtualią erdvę. Kas paskatina priklausomybės nuo virtualios komunikacijos atsiradimą. Moksliniame lygmenyje vis labiau kalbama apie virtualią priklausomybę, tačiau gilesnės mokslinės analizės ypač Lietuvoje, labai trūksta. Siekiant išvengti ar mažinti šią priklausomybę būtinas gilesnis požiūris į šią problematiką, todėl ir atliekama nagrinėjamos temos analizė, kuri padės priartėti prie gilesnio šios problemos suvokimo. Tikslas – nustatyti priklausomybės nuo virtualios komunikacijos požymius. Darbo objektas – požymių nuo virtualios komunikacijos identifikavimas. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti komunikacijos proceso sudedamąsias dalis. 2. Apibrėžti psichologinės priklausomybės raidos ir požymių santykį. 3. Identifikuoti priklausomybės nuo kompiuterio požymius. 4. Identifikuoti priklausomybės nuo interneto požymius. 5. Apžvelgti Lietuvoje esančias prevencines priemonių nuo priklausomybės kompiuteriui ir internetui. 6. Atlikti paauglių priklausomybės nuo virtualios komunikacijos požymių identifikavimo empirinį tyrimą. Tikslui pasiekti ir uždaviniams išspręsti naudotasi šiais metodais: mokslinės literatūros palyginamąja analize ir sinteze, kontent analize, anketine apklausa. Tyrimas iš dalies patvirtino hipotezę, jog paaugliai jaučia stipriausią priklausomybę internetui, kuri didžiausias neigiamas pasekmes... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The relationship among various level of cociety has been moving on to virtuality, because the development of information and communication technologies grows to all spheres of life. It incites the dependence of virtual communication. There is a big discussion about virtual communication on the scientific level, but also we face a shortage of deeper analysis even in Lithuania. The deeper attitude is necessary to solve this problem. That is why this work deals with a discussed problem into a deeper way. Purpose of work – to ascertain the signs of dependence from virtual communication. Object of work – the signs identification from virtual communication. Tasks of work: 1. To ascertain the components of communication process. 2. To definite the relation of psychological dependence evolution and its sings. 3. To identify the signs of dependence from computer. 4. To identify the signs of dependence from internet. 5. To review and eveluate prevention means of dependence from computer and internet in Lithuania. 6. To carry out the empirical research of teens dependence signs identification from virtual communication. The research has been approved the hyphotesis partly only. The stongest dependence for teens is the internet, which has high negative impact for youth psychology. 50 per cent of teens agree with the biggest dependence from internet (33,3 per cent). But on the other hand there has been ascertain that researches of dependencies are very popular and the most important... [to full text]

This thesis is centered around the problem of attribute learning -- using the joint effort of humans and machines to describe objects, e.g., determining that a piece of music is "soothing," that the bird in an image "has a red beak", or that Ernest Hemingway is an "Nobel Prize winning author." In this thesis, we present new methods for solving the attribute-learning problem using the joint effort of the crowd and machines via human computation games. When creating a human computation system, typically two design objectives need to be simultaneously satisfied. The first objective is human-centric -- the task prescribed by the system must be intuitive, appealing and easy to accomplish for human workers. The second objective is task-centric -- the system must actually perform the task at hand. These two goals are often at odds with each other, especially in the casual game setting. This thesis shows that human computation games can accomplish both the human-centric and task-centric objectives, if we first design for humans, then devise machine learning algorithms to work around the limitations of human workers and complement their abilities in order to jointly accomplish the task of learning attributes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in three concrete problem settings: music tagging, bird image classification and noun phrase categorization. Contributions of this thesis include a framework for attribute learning, two new game mechanisms, experiments showing the effectiveness of the hybrid human and machine computation approach for learning attributes in vocabulary-rich settings and under the constraints of knowledge limitations, as well as deployed games played by tens of thousands of people, generating large datasets for machine learning.

The aim of this thesis is to explore purpose in life among very old people. The proportion of elderly is increasing in Sweden, especially among the group of very old aged over 85 years. Ageing has been associated from some perspectives with health, wisdom, maturity, and inner strength. Ageing can also, however, lead to reduced physical function, cognitive impairments, and loss of purpose in life. A loss of purpose in life can lead to mental health problems such as depression. This thesis is part of the Umeå 85 + study/GERDA begun in 2000. Half of all 85-year-olds, all 90-year-olds, and all those 95 years of age or older living in the municipality of Umeå were invited to the larger study, which was expanded in 2002 to include five rural municipalities in Västerbotten County with the same inclusion criteria. The Umeå 85 + study/GERDA is a collaborative project between several departments at Umeå University. Selection criteria for participants in the thesis were the ability to answer Likert-type questionnaires and the ability to participate in interviews. A follow-up study was conducted in Umeå in 2005 and in Västerbotten County in 2007. Paper I is a cross-sectional study with 189 participants (120 women and 69 men) who had responded to several questionnaires including the Purpose in Life test (PIL). In the results women scored significantly lower on the PIL test than men; attitudes towards one’s own aging were associated with purpose in life for both men and women; and musculoskeletal disorders were associated with lower purpose in life in women. Paper II includes the 189 participants from study I. In results at baseline the 40 who were diagnosed with depression had significantly lower purpose in life, and women were diagnosed with depression more often than men (32/120 women and 8/69 men). The 40 participants with a diagnosis of depression were excluded five years later, when 78 of 149 participants were available for the follow-up, 21 of whom (26.9%) had developed depression. There was no difference in the mean scores on the PIL test between those who had developed depression and those who had not. Purpose in life does not seem to protect very old people from developing depression. Paper III includes 51 people who responded to the PIL test on two occasions five years apart, and its results show that purpose in life decreased after five years. There was no difference in mean PIL scores at baseline between those with a diagnosis of depression and those without depression, but purpose in life declined significantly over the five years in those with diagnosed depression. In study IV, to gain a deeper understanding of purpose in life, content analysis was conducted on interviews from 30 women. To obtain 5 variety and breadth in the stories we selected 10 women with low estimated purpose in life, 10 women with undecided estimated purpose, and 10 women with high estimated purpose in life. The results show that despite the fact that women estimated their purpose in life lower than men, their stories were positive. The women experienced purpose in their daily life where social relations was important and on a spiritual level. However, there were also expressions of experiencing life as simply existing. In Study V we included 23 men who had responded to a question about purpose in life. Their answers were subjected to content analysis and the results show that for men work is an important part of purpose in life. All men except one had a positive outlook on life, and the men found purpose in life most strongly in memories of when they were younger. Lack of purpose in life can result in mental disorders like depression. Stereotypes of older people can affect their views of their own ageing, which in turn can weaken their purpose in life. To prevent mental illness it is important to experience purpose in life throughout life. Society at large and the health care system must consider purpose in life integral to mental health and work to combat ageist stereotypes to support purpose in life through the entire lifespan. / Det övergripandet syftet med avhandlingen är att utforska livsmening hos de allra äldsta. Andelen äldre ökar i Sverige, och de allra äldsta över 85 år har under åren 1990-2007 ökat med 40 %. Att åldras har beskrivits från olika perspektiv som att ha hälsa, mogna till visdom samt att ha inre styrka. Att åldras kan också innebära en försämrad rörelse förmåga, kognitiva nedsättningar samt förlust av livsmening. En förlust av livsmening kan leda till psykisk ohälsa vilket kan leda till depression. Avhandlingen är en del av Umeå 85+ studien/GERDA vilken utgår från Umeå och startade år 2000. Hälften av alla 85 åringar, alla 90 åringar samt alla som var 95 år och äldre boende i Umeå kommun inbjöds till studien. Studien utvidgades år 2002 med att innefatta fem inlandskommuner i Västerbottens län med samma urvalskriterier. Umeå 85+ studien är ett samarbetes projekt mellan ett flertal institutioner vid Umeå Universitet. Urvalskriterierna för deltagarna i avhandlingen var att de skulle kunna svara på frågeformulär av Likert karaktär samt att de skulle orka delta i intervjuer. En uppföljning genomfördes år 2005 i Umeå kommun samt år 2007 i Västerbottens inland. Delarbete I är en tvärsnitts studie och innefattar 189 personer fördelat på 120 kvinnor och 69 män, alla deltagarna hade svarat på ett flertal frågeformulär varav ett av formulären var test för livsmening. Resultatet visar att kvinnor skattar livsmeningen signifikant lägre än män. Egna attityder mot åldrande var starkast associerat med livsmening för både kvinnor och män, för kvinnor var även muskeloskeletala besvär associerat med lägre livsmening. Delarbete II innefattar vid baslinjen de 189 personerna från studie I. Resultatet vid baslinjen visar att de 40 deltagarna av de 189 deltagarna som var diagnostiserade som deprimerade hade signifikant lägre livsmeningen. Kvinnor var diagnostiserade som deprimerade i högre utsträckning än män (32 kvinnor och 8 män). De 40 deltagarna med en depressions diagnos uteslöts och ingick inte i analysen 5 år senare. Efter 5 år fanns 78 personer av 149 deltagare tillgängliga, av dem hade 21 personer (26.9%) utvecklat depression, det var ingen skillnad mellan män och kvinnor i andelen som utvecklade depression. Det var ingen skillnad i medelvärdet på test för livsmening bland de som hade utvecklat depression efter 5 år jämfört med de som inte utvecklat depression. Det förefaller som att livsmening inte skyddar riktigt gamla människor från att utveckla depression. Delarbete III innefattar 51 personer vilka svarat på test för livsmening vid två tillfällen med 5 års mellanrum. Resultatet visar att livsmeningen minskar efter 5 år i högre grad bland kvinnorna jämfört med männen. Det var ingen skillnad i medelvärdet i livsmening vid baslinjen mellan de som hade en depression diagnos och de som inte hade en, men bland de med en depressionsdiagnos hade livsmeningen minskat signifikant efter 5 år. För att fördjupa kunskapen om livsmening analyserades intervjuer från 30 kvinnor med hjälp av innehållsanalys i delarbete IV. För att få en variation i berättelserna valdes 10 kvinnor som skattat livsmeningen som låg, 10 kvinnor som skattat livsmeningen som medel samt 10 kvinnor som skattat livsmeningen som hög. Kvinnornas berättelser om att åldras och vara gamla var positiva. De upplevde livsmening i både vardagen där sociala relationer var viktiga samt i kontakt på ett andligt plan. Det uttrycktes även i berättelserna att det inte fanns någon livsmening. I delarbete V ingår 23 män vilka alla hade svarat på en fråga om livsmening, svaren analyserades med hjälp av innehålls analys och resultatet visar att för männen var arbete en viktig del för livsmening. Alla utom en man hade en positiv syn på livet, männen berättade om livsmening främst i relation till minnen från när de var yngre. Sammanfattningsvis visar studierna att inte uppleva livsmening kan resultera i psykisk ohälsa vilket kan leda till depression. Livsmening måste beaktas både i samhället och i sjukvården för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa. Det är av stor betydelse att uppleva livsmening under hela livet samt att samhällets syn på äldre människor är sannolikt en viktig aspekt för att de allra äldsta ska uppleva livsmening.

Thesis--University of Florida. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Vita. Bibliography: leaves 106-111.

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SANTOS, Maria Célia dos. O pensamento teleológico de Immanuel Kant. 2008. 92f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2008. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-02T16:30:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_mcsantos.pdf: 632670 bytes, checksum: 31ae113a15e4ec5d7fe0090101f4e1c3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-04T15:45:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_mcsantos.pdf: 632670 bytes, checksum: 31ae113a15e4ec5d7fe0090101f4e1c3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T15:45:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_mcsantos.pdf: 632670 bytes, checksum: 31ae113a15e4ec5d7fe0090101f4e1c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / This research has as its objective present the concept of Theology by Immanuel Kant, having as a base “The Critic of the thinking faculty”, emphasizing, most of all, the idea of Nature finality. In this matter, we will try to show, according to Kant, the necessity to think something in conformity to the judgment be possible; it will describe the consonant between the reason and the world. Nevertheless, accentuating the conformity purpose, it is not a necessary start of nature, but a simple regulation to the judgment phenomena; a source to submit these phenomena to rules where there is casualty law, by its own mechanism, do not attain. Kant by the specifics constitution of our knowledge faculty, we can’t judge in another way the possibility of organized beings and its respective production, in the measure of our thinking to their intentional cause. We did not get to know sufficiently the organized beings guided by simple mechanics nature foundations and less, explain it from the law or nature for any organized intention. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar o conceito de Teleologia no pensamento de Immanuel Kant, tomando como base a Crítica da Faculdade do Juízo, tendo em vista salientar, sobretudo, a idéia de finalidade na Natureza. Assim sendo, tentaremos mostrar, de acordo com Kant, a necessidade de se pensar alguma forma de conformidade a fins para que qualquer juízo possa ser possível; ela vai descrever uma sintonia entre juízo e mundo. Porém, salientando que a conformidade a fins objetiva não é nenhum princípio necessário da natureza, mas regulativo para o simples ajuizamento dos fenômenos; um princípio a mais para submeter esses fenômenos a regras onde as leis da causalidade, segundo o mecanismo da mesma, não alcançam. Para Kant, segundo a constituição específica das nossas faculdades de conhecimento, não podemos julgar de outro modo a possibilidade dos seres organizados e a sua respectiva produção, senão na medida em que pensamos para eles uma causa que aja intencionalmente. Não chegamos a conhecer suficientemente os seres organizados guiados por princípios da natureza simplesmente mecânicos e, ainda menos, explicá-los, a partir de leis da natureza, a qual nenhuma intenção organizou.