Submitted by FERNANDA DA SILVA VON PORSTER (fdsvporster@univates.br) on 2017-06-29T17:28:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016PamelaCaminiConstantin.pdf: 801061 bytes, checksum: 752334ce003a6fefe60bbc6d19852f6e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Lisboa Monteiro (monteiro@univates.br) on 2017-07-04T15:58:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016PamelaCaminiConstantin.pdf: 801061 bytes, checksum: 752334ce003a6fefe60bbc6d19852f6e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T15:58:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2016PamelaCaminiConstantin.pdf: 801061 bytes, checksum: 752334ce003a6fefe60bbc6d19852f6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06 / CAPES / Introdução: O transtorno de deficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) é uma desordem comportamental comum em crianças e que pode persistir na idade adulta. Ele caracteriza-se por sintomas persistentes de desatenção, hiperatividade e impulsividade. Embora as estimativas de prevalência relatadas em estudos variam, a prevalência de TDAH em crianças e adolescentes oscila de 5,9-7,1%, e resultados semelhantes são encontrados para adultos: 2,5-5,0%. Além disso, uma proporção significativa dos pacientes com TDAH também apresenta outras comorbidades associadas. Diversos estudos moleculares têm sido realizados na busca pelos genes envolvidos com o TDAH e, alguns deles, sugerem o envolvimento de variações no gene codificador da enzima monoamino oxidase A (MAOA), a qual desempenha um papel importante na regulação de componentes dos sistemas dopaminérgico e serotoninérgico. Estudos moleculares sugerem que o gene possui um papel importante em características relacionadas à impulsividade, agressividade e comportamentos aditivos. Objetivo: O objetivo principal deste estudo é avaliar a associação entre o polimorfismo MAOA-uVNTR, localizado na região promotora do gene MAOA, e o TDAH em adultos. Metodologia: As amostras foram compostas por 562 indivíduos com TDAH, diagnosticados de acordo com os critérios do DSM-4, e 638 indivíduos controles, de ambos os sexos. O polimorfismo MAOA-uVNTR foi amplificado pela técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e genotipado por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida 6%. Resultados: Não foi detectada uma associação significativa entre o polimorfismo investigado e o TDAH. Observou-se, no entanto, um efeito do polimorfismo nos escores de quociente de inteligência (QI) estimado em homens com TDAH. Portadores do alelo de baixa atividade do polimorfismo (3 repetições) apresentaram escores de QI verbal (p= <0,0001) e QI total (p= 0,001) significativamente mais baixos, quando comparados aos indivíduos portadores dos alelos de alta atividade (3.5 e 4 repetições). Conclusão: Nossos resultados indicam que o polimorfismo MAOA-uVNTR não está associado diretamente ao TDAH. No entanto, sugerem que o mesmo possa estar envolvido com a variabilidade observada nos escores de QI de pacientes com TDAH, mais especificamente em indivíduos do sexo masculino. / Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common behavioral disorder in children that can persist into adulthood. ADHD is characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Although the estimates of prevalence vary in some studies, the prevalence of this disorder in children and adolescents ranges from 5.9-7.1%, and similar results are found for adults: 2.5-5.0%. In addition, a significant proportion of ADHD patients present other comorbidities. Several molecular studies have been employed in the search for the genes involved in ADHD susceptibility and some of them suggest the involvement of the gene that codes for the monoamine oxidase A enzyme (MAOA), which plays an important role in the regulation of components of the dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems. Molecular studies have suggest an important for the MAOA gene in characteristics related to impulsivity, aggressiveness and additive behaviors. Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the association between the MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism, located in the promoter region of the MAOA gene, and ADHD in adults. Methods: The samples were composed by 535 individuals with ADHD, diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, and 639 control subjects, of both genders. The MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyped by 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: There was no significant association between the investigated polymorphism and ADHD. However, it was observed an effect of the polymorphism on estimated intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in men with ADHD. Carriers of the low activity allele (3 repeats) presented significantly lower verbal IQ (p < 0.001) and total IQ scores (p = 0.001) when compared to individuals with high activity alleles (3.5 and 4 repeats). Conclusion: Our results indicate that the MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism is not directly associated with ADHD. However, they suggest that MAOA may be involved in the observed variability of IQ scores of patients with ADHD, more specifically in males.

Dissertation--Regensburg--Universität, 2001. / Bibliogr. p. 251-271.

This dissertation explores the discursive voices present in a late Qing inner alchemy (neidan) compilation, the Nudan hebian. Inner alchemy is a meditation/visualization practice centered on purification of the physical body as the essential element in gaining physical immortality; therefore the physical body is of utmost importance. Yin-yang theory associates male with heaven and yang, and female with earth and yin. (Kunjue 1a) In neidan, both men and women must purge the earthly elements from their mind-body matrix to create a 'golden yang immortal's body' (Hutian xingli nudan shize 463a). This process can be accomplished by men through self-cultivation, but in mainstream Qing Daoism, women were limited by their gender, and could not attain complete mind-body purification without resort to outside assistance from the gods. / The theoretical consequences of these limitations notwithstanding, many women practiced neidan and were thought to have reached the highest states of perfection. The symbolic processes through which this becomes possible are complex and often contradictory. Some Nudan hebian texts reveal many levels of discursive play, rendering new meanings for old symbols and revealing rifts and commonalities in the tradition. Exploration of these rifts and commonalities reveals important dilemmas and understandings operative in the particular socio-historical contexts in which they were drafted, and offers a gender-sensitive historical perspective on the development of neidan during the late Qing period.

在中國古代道家宇宙論研究之中，「道」與「氣」的關係如何，一直是難以 簡單解釋的問題，學者對這問題意見不一，歧見紛呈。本文希望透過《管子》四 篇的解讀及《老子》、《莊子》、《淮南子》宇宙系統的研究來論證部分學者主張「道」 等同「氣」的意見之不妥當處，並提出「道」與「氣」實為相互區別，「道」與「氣」並不是「同一」的看法。此外，本文會以「修心練氣」的角度揭示古人在「修心練氣」的過程中做到「練氣體道」，繼而「氣道並生」的效果。本文將以 此提出，在先秦至漢的道家宇宙論中，「道」與「氣」雖屬不同層次的概念，但 卻是處於同一「軌跡」，「同軌並生」的看法。最後，本文再以「氣」與「道」的 關係來粗淺地回應陳漢生提出的「中國並未發展出抽象實體理論」的問題。本文的第二章將會探討人們在探尋天地秩序，生命起源時，如何回應世界的 最初起源是甚麼及其生滅法則又是甚麼這兩條問題。第二章以這兩條問題來審視 古希臘哲學家的宇宙系統與「道」、「氣」宇宙系統，從而揭示，無論是古代中國 的道家，抑或是古希臘的哲學家都未能完好地回答這兩條問題。第二章因而提出， 沒有周詳考慮這兩條核心問題使「道」與「氣」的宇宙理論存有不確定及不清晰 的地方的看法。本文的第三章嘗試探討道家宇宙論中「氣」與「道」的關係，以此考究「氣」 與「道」究竟是「同一性」，抑或是不同層次的概念。第三章將以《管子》四篇 的文獻解讀 及《管子》四篇的理論體系來作考察，以指出「氣或精氣等同道的 理論」的欠妥當處。第四章將考察《老子》、〈恆先〉及《淮南子》宇宙生成系統，再次揭示「氣」 與「道」是相互區分的，它們是屬於不同層次的概念。第五章將會以「修心練氣」的角度切入，以揭示古人在「修心練氣」的過程 中做到「練氣充道」，繼而「氣道並生」。第五章將以此提出，在先秦至漢的道家 宇宙論中，「道」與「氣」雖屬不同層次的概念，但卻是處於同一「軌跡」，「同 軌並生」的看法。另外，第五章亦會以「氣」與「道」的關係來粗淺地回應陳漢 生提出的「中國並未發展出抽象實體理論」的問題。本文認為，中國古人選擇的 是「抽象原理」與「具象世界」相結合的世界觀來發展抽象理論，跟西方「抽象 原理」與「具象世界」截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。所以，簡單地以西方哲學系統 與中國古代思想作對比，未必可以窺見中國古代思想的真象。;「同軌並生」的看法。另外第 五章亦會以「氣」與道的關係來粗 淺地回應陳漢生提出的 「中國並未發展出抽象 實體理論」的問題。本文認為， 理論」的問題。本文認為， 理論」的問題。本文認為， 理論」的問題。本文認為， 理論」的問題。本文認為， 中國古人選擇的是「抽象原理」與具世界相結合觀來發展理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 理論，跟西方「抽象原」與具世界截然劃分的哲學傳統不同。 所以， 簡單地以西方哲學系統與中國古代思想作對比，未必可窺見的真象。;For many years, the relations between the two concepts of "Dao" and "Qi", in ancient Taoist Cosmology, has not been clearly explained. Based on a meticulous study of the relevant Taoist canons, mainly the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子, Laozi 老子, Zhuangzi 莊子 and Huainanzi 淮南子, the author of this thesis reviews different views in previous scholarship, provides his own observations and hypotheses. This thesis examines how the ancient people conceive to attain "Dao" by cultivating their mind and practicing "Qi"; meanwhile, "Dao" and "Qi" is generated simultaneously in one's body. In addition, by reviewing the trajectory of the development of Taoist Cosmology from the Pre-Qin period to the Han dynasty, this thesis argues that, although "Dao" and "Qi" are different in concept, they can be naturally generated and developed on a same track in one's body. With the analysis of the relations between "Dao" and "Qi", this thesis discuss Chad Hansen's theory that Chinese thought lacks abstract entities in anything resembling the way Western theories of abstract entities did". The second chapter of this paper examines how ancient Chinese respond to the following questions: What is the origin of the world? And what are the laws governing the life and death of the myriad things? In this chapter, the cosmic system of ancient Greek philosophy is also discussed to compare with its counterpart in China, the cosmological system of which is elaborated from the concepts of "Dao" and "Qi". This reveals that neither ancient Chinese Taoists, nor ancient Greek philosophers be able to fully address these two questions. It is hence concluded that the interpretation of the cosmological theory based on "Dao" and "Qi" lacks clarity and precision without addressing to the above mentioned two fundamental questions. The third chapter explores the relations between "Dao" and "Qi" in early Taoist literature . Through literary reviews of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子and the Theoretical System of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子, with a focus on the differences and similarities of these two substances, "Dao" and "Qi" , according to this author, cannot be equalized in the contexts of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子. The third chapter explores the relations between "Dao" and "Qi" in early Taoist literature . Through literary reviews of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子and the Theoretical System of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子, with a focus on the differences and similarities of these two substances, "Dao" and "Qi" , according to this author, cannot be equalized in the contexts of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子. The third chapter explores the relations between "Dao" and "Qi" in early Taoist literature . Through literary reviews of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子and the Theoretical System of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子, with a focus on the differences and similarities of these two substances, "Dao" and "Qi" , according to this author, cannot be equalized in the contexts of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子. The third chapter explores the relations between "Dao" and "Qi" in early Taoist literature . Through literary reviews of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子and the Theoretical System of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子, with a focus on the differences and similarities of these two substances, "Dao" and "Qi" , according to this author, cannot be equalized in the contexts of the Four Chapters of Guanzi 管子

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:01:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo8621_1.pdf: 522684 bytes, checksum: 8969d9884f2c886200b938cd1bed8c8a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar aspectos cognitivos de crianças com hidrocefalia congênita (HC) associada com mielomeningocele. Foram avaliadas 42 crianças com HC e 42 crianças saudáveis. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos a uma avaliação neuropsicológica com o teste da figura complexa de Rey, para avaliar a memória visual, e as escalas de inteligência para crianças de Weschsler, para avaliar os índices de processamento da memória, e os quocientes intelectuais (QI). As crianças com HC apresentaram menor número de anos de escolaridade e os escores foram também significativamente menores nos testes que avaliaram memória visual, velocidade de processamento, organização perceptiva, resistência à distração e compreensão verbal. Os QI verbais e executivos, bem como o QI total, estavam também significativamente diminuídos no grupo com HC. Concluímos que existe como característica freqüente um comprometimento das funções cognitivas nas crianças com HC. Algumas destas crianças apresentam um desempenho cognitivo próximo do padrão normal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:15:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo8395_1.pdf: 723551 bytes, checksum: 1d1b4b50ade6572d5c10b99cf96a57b4 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A inteligência é um tema de interesse multidisciplinar, despertando a atenção de profissionais das áreas de educação, comportamento e saúde. A visão epidemiológica sobre este tema é mais uma contribuição para possíveis ações preventivas, que favoreçam a universalização da aquisição desta importante característica humana. Para esta dissertação foram realizados dois artigos; uma revisão bibliográfica e um artigo original. Para a revisão bibliográfica foram pesquisados artigos sobre o desenvolvimento cognitivo infantil abordando fatores de proteção, fatores de risco, resiliência e vulnerabilidade. Foram consultados os bancos de dados Lilacs, Medline e Scielo, usando os descritores: IQ, cognitive development, vulnerability, risk, resilience e cognition. A literatura mostra uma importante associação entre desenvolvimento cognitivo e fatores socioeconômicos, destacando-se a escolaridade materna, estimulação domiciliar e a renda. Para o artigo original foi realizado um estudo transversal aninhado a uma coorte, para verificar que fatores bio-sociais estavam associados ao desenvolvimento cognitivo de crianças aos oito anos de idade, residentes na zona da mata de Pernambuco. Foram analisados aspectos biológicos ao nascer e aspectos biológicos, socioeconômicos e demográficos aos oito anos. Nesta pesquisa encontramos os melhores índices de desenvolvimento cognitivo associados à melhor escolaridade materna, renda familiar per capita, estimulação domiciliar e à escola privada. Concluímos que a proteção ao desenvolvimento cognitivo na infância poderá ser favorecida à medida que sejam priorizadas atividades educativas junto às famílias e de melhoria ao ensino público

This dissertation aims to establish a philosophical framework, described from the spectator’s viewpoint, for the analysis of the embodiment process of Qi in Taiwanese hypermedial theatre works, which subtly convey a traditional Chinese aesthetic of Qi. This traditional Chinese aesthetic based on the idea of Qi suggests that the spectator participates in the development of certain Qi-energy, which is inherent in and continuously transmitted between humans and various other beings or things. The establishment of the spectator-work relation with respect to Qi-energy suggests that there are potential communication pathways between humans and the cosmos. I explore how the world model based on Qi is realised in Taiwanese hypermedial theatre through the spatial configuration of the spectator-work relation. I argue that this world model based on Qi indicates a mode of existence in which both the spectator and the multiple media used in the work are transformed and become certain beings that are cultivated by Qi and originally merge with each other. The spectator’s reactions to a theatre work emerge, as I contend, as performative acts that interact with and continue the flow of Qi. Furthermore, these acts generate a performative space that corresponds to a spiritual and cosmological aspect of Qi. This framework provides a complement to the phenomenological discourses of performative space in the context of new media and hypermedial theatre studies. In Chapter 2, I examine the correlation between the constitution of performative space and the channelling of agency in contemporary Western theatre. Based on this examination, I propose that in the course of such constitution, three aesthetic actions of agency occur: sharing agency between the spectator and the work leads to the inter-activity between the two sides; meanwhile, it also leads to the spectator’s embodiment and presence in the mixed realms of the physical and the mediated. Chapter 3 elucidates the philosophical concepts, spatial implications, and practices of Qi in the context of Confucianism. I propose a connection between Qi and agency without substituting the latter entirely with the former, as the operations of the two systems respectively lead to different world models. With reference to Chiang Nien-feng’s phenomenological interpretation of the poetic arising of Qi (hsing) and Mathias Obert’s research into Qi’s performative feature in Chapter 4, I explore two issues. First, I examine how the poetic arising of Qi is expressed in the spectator’s performative acts in an encounter with a theatre work; secondly, I investigate how this poetic arising of Qi gives rise to the constitution of performative space through the spatial configuration of the spectator-work relation based on the Qi world model. I then develop a framework of Qi-arising Space for my further analysis of the constitution of performative space in relation to the embodiment of Qi in Taiwanese hypermedia theatre works and discussion of the three aesthetic actions of agency from the Qi worldview. Finally, in Chapter 5, with three case studies in this genre of the theatre, I analyse the similarities and differences between the operations of agency and Qi regarding the constitution of performative space and interrogate the characteristics of the aesthetic actions of agency and Qi. This study proves the value of the knowledge of Qi in the field of hypermedial theatre and offers an intercultural understanding to the existing notions in the field.

No description available.

No description available.

Siu Yuen-man. / Thesis submitted in: September 2003. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 249-251). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.iii / Note on the Transliteration --- p.vii / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- The General Public View on Health Consciousness and Qigong --- p.49 / Chapter 3. --- The Life Stories of the Informants --- p.64 / Chapter 4. --- The Perception of the Informants on Diseases --- p.96 / Chapter 5. --- "The Attitudes of the Informants towards Biomedicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Qigong" --- p.123 / Chapter 6. --- The Motivations of the Qigong Followers for Practicing Qigong --- p.165 / Chapter 7. --- Conclusion --- p.212 / Appendix1 --- p.238 / Appendix2 --- p.240 / Appendix3 --- p.242 / Appendix4 --- p.246 / Bibliography --- p.249