In the past two years, six National Football League players have died by suicide. Investigations into most of the deaths revealed that the players suffered from brain damage likely caused by repeated concussions. As is the case with many health issues, tragedy often precedes action; the suicides of these high profile football stars have catalyzed action on concussion policy and practice, as well as opened up the conversation about the overall mental health of athletes. This thesis joins the conversation around mental health and athletes, specifically Canadian varsity football players. Mental health problems and illnesses are presented as especially common, affecting about 1 in 5 Canadians. That is not to underestimate the severity of mental illnesses, which can deteriorate an individual’s quality of life, significantly impact friends and family and, in the most severe cases, also lead to death by suicide. That said, this thesis adopts a theoretical perspective that focuses on the promotion and protection of good mental health. This thesis is primarily concerned with investigating the social, political, and external factors that negatively impact how football players conceptualize mental health and mental illness, and also the recommended behaviour to seek professional help if needed. The growing body of research concerning the negative impact of mental illness stigma is compelling and leaves no doubt that stigma is a significant barrier to recovery. This thesis explores the stigma process as well as its social function in groups. Next, it investigates how the already powerful stigma around mental illness is further exacerbated by gender and more specifically, how traditional masculine ideology (i.e. men should be strong and powerful) conflicts with stereotypical beliefs about mentally ill people (i.e. weak and/or incompetent). Gender and health are further linked in terms of behaviour. In other words, rejecting health behaviours becomes a strategy some men utilize to project their masculinity, paradoxically contributing to the creation or worsening of many health problems. A health behaviour that is explored in detail is psychological help-seeking, and the psychosocial processes of help-seeking, which are also mainly regulated by masculinity. An overview of the most common mental health problems and illnesses found in male varsity athletes is provided. All of the above components are then applied to the unique context of varsity football players. The thesis draws on the literature as well as qualitative interview data that explores the experiences of 8 varsity football players at the University of Ottawa. Regarding mental health promotion, the findings show that football players may require adapted communication approaches. To that end, the thesis transitions into an early-stage health communication plan supported by the literature and the primary data. The plan proposes overall outcomes, short term/intermediate objectives, a communication strategy, and a tactical approach. Next, a web-based health resource is suggested as a primary communication vehicle and is outlined in detail. The plan then suggests potential partnerships for extending the strategic communication plan’s reach and credibility. This is followed by suggestions for evaluating both the short term/intermediate objectives as well as the strategic communication plan’s overall impact. This thesis concludes with a chapter exploring the contributions lifted from the eight qualitative interviews, as well as suggested directions for research, policy and practice.

This thesis explores the application of vision-based augmented reality in formal and informal educational environments. It focuses on the common practices, concerns, and priorities that developers and content creators in each environment frequently encounter, offering insights into how these experiences are changing with the incorporation of new digital media technologies and the hardware platforms that support them. The research outlined in this thesis uses qualitative methods, assembled around a series of twelve hour-long interviews with highly-experienced educators, developers, researchers, and designers, and analyzed using a grounded theory approach. This thesis introduces original research about the role of computer vision-based augmented reality as an educational medium, a topical discussion in information studies, museum studies, learning sciences, and a number of other fields, and makes a theoretical commitment to addressing the ways that material and virtual objects come to interact meaningfully in a variety of learning environments.

The context for this research was the socio-political, culturally constructed, lived experience of eight women nurses who held middle-level positions in two Western Australian public hospitals. Glass and Davis’ (1998) integrated feminist postmodern model for nursing research framed the design for the ethnographic investigation.The researcher used an innovative self-developed trifocality method: realist; critical feminist; and feminist postmodern to critique ethnographic data against the research aim and objectives and reflexively engaged with the women nurses to reveal unacknowledged individual and collective insights. Participant observation, critical conversation, and reflective field/journaling were used as triangulated data collection methods. The methodology revealed the local, particular, historical, taken-for-granted and traditionally gender-biased subjugated voices of individual women nurses as legitimate sites for the production of knowledge and insights.The trifocal data analysis revealed multiple intersecting layers of meanings and insights. The participants unacknowledged ‘unsaid’ experiences were viewed as exemplar ‘states of being’, or subjectivity positions, of their multiple and temporal realities. Inherent within the subjectivity positions was their personal, professional and corporate efforts, assumed as self-managing strategies and implicit knowledge, to enact work roles.Deeper critique, applying feminist poststructuralism (Lather 1991b) and postmodern notions of power/knowledge networks of relationships (Foucault 1980b) revealed three competing socio-political culturally constructed discourses. Firstly, the participants’ were embedded within an empowering ‘Discourse of Values Attributed to Nursing/Between a Rock and a Hard Place’. Secondly, they were influenced by, and resistant to the patriarchally dominant ‘Discourse of Bureaucratic Managerialism Discourse/Absence of Care’. thirdly, they functioned within the influence of the disempowering ‘Discourse Medical Science/Working the Margins’.This research contributes to the knowledge base of scholarly work that exists about nurses, women nurses specifically, concerning the meaning of the experiences of practicing in the confluence of corporate and professional responsibilities. At the personal participant level the insights contribute to emancipatory consciousness-raising. The insights also positively contribute to the recommendations made in The Report of the Western Australian Study of Nursing and Midwifery (Pinch & Della 2001). The insights may evoke wider awareness of the disempowering influence of managerialism upon professional practice and inter-professional relationships. Finally, the unique trifocal data analysis method contributes to the body of nursing and social science research knowledge.

The context for this research was the socio-political, culturally constructed, lived experience of eight women nurses who held middle-level positions in two Western Australian public hospitals. Glass and Davis’ (1998) integrated feminist postmodern model for nursing research framed the design for the ethnographic investigation.The researcher used an innovative self-developed trifocality method: realist; critical feminist; and feminist postmodern to critique ethnographic data against the research aim and objectives and reflexively engaged with the women nurses to reveal unacknowledged individual and collective insights. Participant observation, critical conversation, and reflective field/journaling were used as triangulated data collection methods. The methodology revealed the local, particular, historical, taken-for-granted and traditionally gender-biased subjugated voices of individual women nurses as legitimate sites for the production of knowledge and insights.The trifocal data analysis revealed multiple intersecting layers of meanings and insights. The participants unacknowledged ‘unsaid’ experiences were viewed as exemplar ‘states of being’, or subjectivity positions, of their multiple and temporal realities. Inherent within the subjectivity positions was their personal, professional and corporate efforts, assumed as self-managing strategies and implicit knowledge, to enact work roles.Deeper critique, applying feminist poststructuralism (Lather 1991b) and postmodern notions of power/knowledge networks of relationships (Foucault 1980b) revealed three competing socio-political culturally constructed discourses. Firstly, the participants’ were embedded within an empowering ‘Discourse of Values Attributed to Nursing/Between a Rock and a Hard Place’. Secondly, they were influenced by, and resistant to the patriarchally dominant ‘Discourse of Bureaucratic Managerialism Discourse/Absence of Care’. thirdly, they functioned within the influence of the disempowering ‘Discourse Medical Science/Working the Margins’.This research contributes to the knowledge base of scholarly work that exists about nurses, women nurses specifically, concerning the meaning of the experiences of practicing in the confluence of corporate and professional responsibilities. At the personal participant level the insights contribute to emancipatory consciousness-raising. The insights also positively contribute to the recommendations made in The Report of the Western Australian Study of Nursing and Midwifery (Pinch & Della 2001). The insights may evoke wider awareness of the disempowering influence of managerialism upon professional practice and inter-professional relationships. Finally, the unique trifocal data analysis method contributes to the body of nursing and social science research knowledge.

[pt] O rastreamento e exposição de procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos é um problema observado na comunidade científica. A forma tradicional de publicação de pesquisa torna impraticável fornecer em detalhes todas as decisões e evidências consideradas no curso de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Para superar este problema propomos uma abordagem visando estruturar todos os procedimentos realizados em documentos hipermídia, com análises e validações, permitindo a sua representação em um modelo teórico de Captura e Acesso (CeA). Este modelo permite o delineamento da investigação científica, fornecendo semântica para relacionar elementos-chave de uma metodologia qualitativa. Abordamos cinco estudos de casos que nortearam o raciocínio sobre o modelo proposto, ponderando sobre como registrar adequadamente as atividades realizadas em avaliações de IHC, consolidando os dados coletados em documentos que foram posteriormente utilizados em sessões de análise. Adicionalmente, apresentamos uma prova de conceito através de uma implementação sobre a infraestrutura de CeA oferecida pelo Projeto CAS. Esta infraestrutura suporta a gravação de dados empíricos (texto, imagens, áudio, vídeo e apresentação de slides), pós-processamento de dados e a geração de documentos multimídia. É possível utilizar tags para anotação temporal, criar contextos para relacionar dados e recuperar informações relevantes de processos investigativos capturados. / [en] Tracking and exposure of qualitative methodology procedures is a problem observed in the scientific community. The traditional form of research publication makes it impractical to provide in detail all the decisions and evidences considered in the course of a qualitative research. To overcome this problem we propose an approach to structure all the procedures undertaken into hypermedia documents with analyses and validations, allowing its representation in a theoretical Capture e Access (C e A) model. This model enables the outlining of the research inquiry, providing semantics to allow relationship between key elements in a qualitative methodology. We discuss about five qualitative studies that guided the reasoning about the proposed model, pondering on how to register adequately the activities performed in HCI evaluations consolidating the collected data in documents used in posterior analysis sessions. Additionally, we present a proof of concept through an implementation using the C e A software infrastructure offered by the CAS Project. This infrastructure supports the recording of empirical data (text, images, audio, video, and slides), data post-processing and the generation of multimedia documents. It is possible to use tags for temporal annotation, create contexts to link data and retrieve other relevant information from the captured investigation processes.

This thesis is an examination of how men describe and experience masculinity. Psychological and sociological research has suggested that masculinity is malleable (Smiler, 2006), there are different versions or pluralities of masculinity (Connell 1995) and can be context-dependent (Gilbert & Gilbert, 2017). Often however hegemonic masculinity is considered the only type of masculinity, and is not flexible, especially when discussed on a social level (Cuthbert, 2015). Based on the researcher’s cultural, social and historical knowledge and understanding, masculinity is very different for people and so is understood, demonstrated and experienced in various ways. This research employed an unstructured interview design, incorporating photovoice, with five participants overall where each participant, except one, was interviewed twice. The first interview was researcher-led, with images provided by the researcher to be the focus for the participant. The second interview was participant-led, with the images provided by the participant to represent what they considered to be masculine or represented masculinity in their everyday life. The data collected was analysed using a combination of phenomenological methods; Descriptive Phenomenological Psychology (Giorgi, 2009) and Hermeneutic Phenomenology (van Manen, 2016). The thesis is presented in two halves. The first is researcher-led and draws on hermeneutic psychology and presents three themes were found from the first interviews: Hegemonic Masculinity with Traditional Masculinity, Characteristics and Non-Conformity; Societal Influence with Culture, Image and Media; and Feminism and Women. The second part of the thesis is participant-led, and draws out the descriptive phenomenological aspects by presenting each individual’s interaction with their chosen images and their ensuing descriptions of masculinity illustrated by them. Themes in this context are individually related rather than demonstrated through a cross-case analysis. Findings demonstrated masculinity as an individual identity, with a social expectation of how men should behave and portray themselves. The way it is perceived, understood, experienced and described is different for each person, as was demonstrated here with the participants’ second interviews. Future research should consider expanding research to include more on everyday factors, such as the use and influence of social media, the projection of masculinity throughout a man’s life, and how men and women both aid in the creation and maintenance of masculinity.

Objetivo O acolhimento é de fundamental importância nos serviços de saúde. O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar o processo de acolhimento entre pacientes e profissionais de saúde em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) e em um Ambulatório de Especialidades Médicas (AEM). O acolhimento entendido não apenas no sentido do acesso à demanda espontânea, mas no sentido de aceitação do doente como sujeito de direitos, desejos para o qual torna-se necessário uma boa comunicação e relacionamento profissional-paciente, a fim de estabelecer uma relação de compromisso e de confiança mútua. Métodos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva, com emprego do método quantiqualitativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada. A amostra foi intencional com 32 doentes com tuberculose e 35 profissionais de saúde. A análise das questões fechadas foi descritiva e as questões abertas por meio da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultados. Na USF os doentes exaltam o acolhimento e a boa qualidade da consulta médica e a atuação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS); observou-se dificuldades de acesso ao serviço. Em contrapartida a queixa no AEM é centrada no modo impessoal e rápido do atendimento. A visão do acolhedor sobre o acolhido é divergente no AEM e USF. No AEM alguns profissionais imputam a culpa ao doente, que é tachado de malandro e desinteressado no cuidado de sua saúde. Na USF essa visão se respalda nos problemas sociais do doente e no estigma causado pela tuberculose. Conclusões. Entre outros aspectos conclui-se que o AEM estudado, apesar da resolutividade dos casos, apresenta falhas na sua capacidade de acolhimento ao doente de tuberculose. Na USF a estratégia do PSF favorece um melhor acolhimento aos doentes com tuberculose, principalmente por meio do trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde. / Objective: The warming reception is crucially important in health services. The objective of this research was studying the warming reception procedure between patients and health professionals in a Family Heath Unit (USF) and in a Clinic of Medical Specialties (AEM). This reception is not only understood as the acceptance of a spontaneous necessity, but also the patients rights acceptance, for which a good communication as well the professional-patient relationship become essential in order to establish commitment and mutual reliability. Methods: It refers to a descriptive survey using the quanti-qualitative method. Data was collected by a semi-structured interview. The sample was intentional with 32 patients with tuberculosis and 35 health professionals. The closed questions analysis was descriptive and the opened questions one was done by the Collective Subject s Speech technique (DSC). Results: In the USF, patients praise the warming reception, the good quality medical consultation and the Health Community Agents job (ACS); however some difficulties in the access to the service were observed. On the other hand, complaints concerning the AEM are related to a quick and impersonal service. The professionals point of view about the patients differs in the AEM and in the USF. In the former one, some professionals attribute the fault to the patient, who is considered idle and uninterested in his/her health care. In the latter one, the problems are social related to the patient and the stigma caused by the illness. Conclusions: Among other features, it can be concluded that the AEM studied is faulty in the warming reception to the patient with tuberculosis, despite cases resolution. In the USF, the PSF strategy provides the patients with a better reception, mainly through the health community agents job.

A pesquisa aqui relatada foi realizada com 08 casais inférteis em tratamento na Unidade de Medicina Reprodutiva e Imaginologia de um hospital-escola do interior paulista. A fim de compreendermos o instigante fenômeno da infertilidade, acessamos a vivência desses colaboradores mediante uma questão norteadora: Gostaria que você contasse para mim a sua vivência afetivo-sexual durante o namoro, a partir de seu casamento, quando decidiram engravidar, quando perceberam que tinham dificuldade de engravidar e durante a trajetória clínica da investigação e tratamento da infertilidade. Para análise de seus relatos, utilizamos a metodologia qualitativa, alicerçada na fenomenologia, que consiste na leitura e releitura dos depoimentos, discriminção das unidades de significado, elaboração de categorias e identificação das convergências e divergências encontradas em seus discursos. Para o entendimento de suas declarações, nos apoiamos nas perspectivas psicológica, biológica, sociocultural, histórica e da sexologia. Ao analisarmos os depoimentos, destacaram-se as seguintes categorias de significado: 1) Lembranças do tempo de namoro; 2) A arte do convívio a dois; 3) Desvendando a intimidade sexual; 4) A busca por uma ajuda especializada; 5) O estigma da infertilidade; 6) O filho como projeto de vida; 7) A menstruação como marcador de (in)sucesso do tratamento. Como resultado, percebemos que os casais planejam uma família com filhos biológicos, ou seja, uma família nuclear: pai, mãe, filho, partindo do pressuposto que eles têm o controle da função reprodutora. Entretanto, ao deparar-se com a dificuldade de engravidar, buscam um culpado pela infertilidade. Tornam o sexo mecânico, voltado só para a procriação, sentem-se estigmatizados por sua importência e veem a menstruação como sinônimo de fracasso do tratamento. A perda do controle da função procriadora os leva a buscar por novas tecnologias de RHA. E diante do insucesso do tratamento, muitos casais partem para a adoção, construindo uma família adotiva. / The research reported here was conducted with 08 infertile couples undergoing treatment at the Reproductive Medicine and Imaginology Unit of a teaching hospital in the countryside of Sao Paulo state. In order to understand the intriguing phenomenon of infertility, we assessed the experience of these couples by one question: I would like you to tell me your experience during sexual-affective relationship when you were dating, after getting married, when you decided to get pregnant, when you realized you had difficulty to get pregnant and during the course of clinical research and treatment of infertility. For analysis of their reports, we used a qualitative methodology based on phenomenology, which consists of reading and rereading of testimonies, discrimination of the units of meaning, development of categories and identification of similarities and differences found in their speeches. In order to understand their statements, we rely on the psychological, biological, sociocultural and historical perspectives as well as sexology. In reviewing the testimonies, the highlights are the following categories of meaning: 1) Memories of time of dating, 2) The art of living as a couple, 3) Revealing sexual intimacy; 4) The search for expert help, 5) The stigma of infertility, 6) The child as a life project; 7) The menstruation as a marker of (un) successful treatment. As a result, we realized that couples plan a family with biological children, that is, a nuclear family: father, mother, son, assuming that they have the control of reproductive function. However, when faced with the difficulty of getting pregnant, they seek something to blame for infertility. Sex becomes mechanic, aiming at procreation only; they feel stigmatized by their impotence and see menstruation as a synonym for treatment failure. The loss of control of the procreative function leads to the search for new AHR technologies. And faced with the failure of treatment, many couples decide to adopt a child, building an adoptive family.

[pt] A pesquisa dedica-se ao estudo do processo de desenvolvimento de projetos no campo do Design da informação, que têm como propósito trabalhar situações de interesse público - educação, saúde pública, segurança, entre outros. Tem por objetivo compreender como diferentes setores da sociedade desenvolvem projetos desta natureza, investigando os propósitos, a metodologia aplicada, o processo de desenvolvimento, a implementação e a avaliação dos trabalhos realizados. Reúne entrevistas com designers que utilizam os enfoques metodológicos do Design em Parceria e a Pesquisa-ação. Apresenta contextualização histórica, fundamentação teórica e informações sobre diferentes setores da sociedade, tais como instituições públicas, privadas, acadêmicas e ONGs, onde existem equipes que desenvolvem projetos na área do Design da informação para situações de interesse público. É utilizada uma análise de conteúdo para a interpretação dos achados da pesquisa. Apresenta o estudo de um processo de desenvolvimento de material didático para a alfabetização bilíngüe de crianças surdas em LIBRAS e Português escrito, o que possibilitou a imersão no tema central da dissertação. / [en] The research is dedicated to the study of development process of projects in the Information Design area, whose objective is to handle situations of public interest - education, public health, security, among others. Its objective is to understand how different sectors of society develop projects of this nature, investigating the purposes, the applied methodology, the development process, the implementation and the evaluation of works performed. It includes interviews with designers that use methodologies that have methodological focus on Design in Partnership and the Research-action. It provides the historical background, theoretical grounding and information about the different sectors of society, such as public, private, academic institutions and NOGs, where there are teams that develop projects in the Information Design area for situations of public interest. It is used an analysis of content to interpret the results of the research. It presents the study of a development process of didactic material for the bilingual alphabetization of deaf children in LIBRAS and written Portuguese, what allowed the immersion in the central theme of the written essay.

This study examined the conditions and experience of students who were placed on academic probation in view of key elements of Dewey’s (1958, 1938/1997, 1934/2005) theory of experience. Core data emerged from 16 in-depth interviews with five students who received assistance from an academic support program while on probation. An additional interview was conducted with the academic companion and another with the program developer. A document analysis and a researcher journal supplemented the data. The interviews were analyzed according to a three-dimensional narrative inquiry space (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000; Dewey, 1958, 1938/1997) to produce profiles and thematic connections (Seidman, 2006). Findings are presented in five texts. The first and second manuscripts depict the stories of two students using the profile genre. These texts disclose rich stories where the meaning of experience is lived. A third manuscript examines students’ experience from the student and professional perspectives. Major themes uncovered, include (a) resistance to seek help; (b) deep personal costs; and (c) a desire to succeed and complete their undergraduate studies. A fourth manuscript explores companioning as experienced by students and supported by resource personnel. It reveals that (a) the companioning role was defined by a specific form of guidance and attendance to self-confidence and (b) the program helped students clarify their needs, promoted their adaptation to the university context, and offered support through a positive relationship. A fifth manuscript examined the characteristics of a fruitful helping relationship. Findings suggest that (a) a rapport characterized by presence and trust and (b) an approach promoting responsibility, awareness, and holism were key. These findings offer a weighty contribution to the literature on post-secondary education by revealing rich and unique experiences. By tapping in the complexity of the participants’ experience, findings help shift away from the current focus on obstacles and deficiencies often attributed to probationary students. Résumé Cette étude a examiné l’expérience d’étudiants ayant été placés en probation académique à la lumière d’éléments-clés de la théorie de l’expérience de Dewey (1958, 1938/1997, 1934/2005). La principale source de données provenait de 16 entrevues en profondeur auprès de cinq étudiants ayant participé à un programme d’accompagnement universitaire alors qu’ils étaient en probation académique. Une entrevue a aussi été menée avec l’accompagnatrice et une autre avec la conceptrice du programme. Une analyse documentaire et un journal de bord de la chercheure complètent les données. Les entrevues ont été analysées selon une analyse narrative tridimensionnelle (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000; Dewey, 1958, 1938/1997) de façon à produire des profils et des liens thématiques (Seidman, 2006). Les résultats sont présentés dans cinq textes. Les premier et deuxième textes dépeignent l’histoire de deux étudiants sous forme de profils. Ces textes découvrent de riches et profondes histoires véhiculant la probation comme expérience de vie et la signification attribuée à celle-ci. Le troisième texte présente l’examen collectif de l’expérience des cinq étudiants ayant participé au programme d’accompagnement. Cette analyse est enrichie des perspectives de l’accompagnatrice et de la conceptrice du programme. Trois thèmes se dégagent de l’expérience de ces étudiants en probation académique soit (a) une résistance à faire usage des services de soutien; (b) des coûts personnels considérables; et (c) un désir de réussir et de compléter leur programme d’études. Un quatrième texte explore l’expérience d’accompagnement tel que perçu par les étudiants et les professionnels. L’analyse révèle que (a) l’accompagnatrice agissait à titre de guide et était attentive à la dimension de la confiance en soi et (b) le programme a aidé les étudiants à identifier leurs besoins, a soutenu leur adaptation au contexte universitaire, et a offert un soutien personnalisé par l’entremise d’une relation d’aide positive. Le cinquième texte se concentre sur les particularités d’une relation d’aide efficace en contexte de probation académique. Les résultats relèvent que cette expérience est qualifiée par (a) un rapport de présence empathique et empreinte de confiance réciproque et (b) une approche globale favorisant la responsabilité et la conscientisation. En dévoilant la richesse et l’unicité de l’expérience, ces résultats offrent une contribution intéressante. Illustrant la complexité des expériences de probation ils contribuent à s’éloigner d’une vision centrée sur les obstacles et les déficits des étudiants en probation académique.