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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting

MA, DAN 03 June 2015 (has links)
No description available.
82

Multi-Property Internal Flow Field Quantification using Molecular Filtered Rayleigh Scattering

Boyda, Matthew Thomas 14 January 2025 (has links)
Foundational approaches for realizing practical, non-intrusive measurements using filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) are presented and analyzed for the multi-property quantification of internal flow fields. Validation is challenging in applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions to real-world scenarios, necessitating benchmark measurements with well-defined uncertainties. The ideal instrument for achieving the required measurements should be non-intrusive and require no particulate or gas seeding. One approach that satisfies these requirements is filtered Rayleigh scattering. FRS is a laser-based optical diagnostic technique that allows for the simultaneous, non-intrusive measurement of three-component velocity, static temperature, and static density everywhere within a two-dimensional plane illuminated by laser light without using any form of flow seeding. The major disadvantage of FRS is that it is very susceptible to signal contamination from particles and surfaces illuminated by the probing laser source. The effects of these contamination sources of the FRS signal are quantified as a function of their intensity relative to the Rayleigh scattered light. As the most significant contributor to Rayleigh scattering contamination, methods for reducing geometric or background contributions were investigated. Structured illumination was applied in cross-correlation Doppler global velocimetry to reduce geometric scattering contributions in image acquisition, demonstrating the removal of background scattering biases in an FRS-similar technique. For multi-property measurements, it is shown that with only an order of magnitude estimate of Mie and geometric scattering, a range of wavenumbers termed the rejection region can be pre-defined such that molecular iodine absorbs the contamination. At the same time, Rayleigh scattered light can pass through. Mie and geometric scattering contributions are reduced to negligible levels within the rejection region, allowing for unbiased temperature and density measurement. Additionally, a method for determining only Doppler shift, desirable due to its increased processing speed and spatial resolution, was developed and shown to be robust to at least one order of magnitude greater Mie and geometric scattering than other methods. The biases associated with sampling a statistical average of the flow using time-averaged FRS were also investigated. The result is that measuring flow properties with the "constant in time" assumption is valid up to a turbulent intensity of 20%, resulting in biases in velocity and temperature greater than 10% of the measurement uncertainties predicted without these contributions. These advancements allow researchers to optimize measurement parameters and predict uncertainties before integrating them into a facility. These methods were implemented in a turbulent, highly distorted internal flow environment with Mie and background scattering present. Measurement uncertainties for vector velocity components, static temperature, and static density are predetermined using a 95% confidence interval on the Monte Carlo simulation results. Derived measurement uncertainties are calculated by propagating the results of the Monte-Carlo simulation. Measurements are compared to reference five-hole probe and particle image velocimetry measurements to assess the validity of the predicted uncertainty bounds. The results from this study show good agreement in the measurement of axial velocity and derived circumferential and radial flow angles when compared to reference measurements. These comparisons typically yield measurements that measure the same value as the five-hole probe data within the pre-defined uncertainty bounds of 9 m/s, 1.0°, and 3.8°, with significant deviations occurring at radii greater than 71% for tangential flow angle and radii greater than 55% for radial flow angle. Compared to facility average measurements, static density and static pressure data collected over the entire plane show RMSD values comparable to predicted measurement uncertainties of 0.043 kg/m^3 and 4.0 kPa, respectively. For the same comparison, temperature measurements show a greater RMSD than the predicted uncertainty of 8.4 K. While additional work remains to identify sources of bias error in some measurements, this work lays the foundation for FRS-based diagnostics to be used as a replacement or supplemental measurement technique in quantifying the state of fluid flow fields. / Doctor of Philosophy / Rayleigh scattering is a process that results from the interaction of light with microscopic particles that, whether we know it or not, we experience every day. When sunlight interacts with air molecules, the light scattered to our eyes is blue. The fact that the sky appears blue indicates a key property of Rayleigh scattering in that it is most efficient for the shortest wavelengths. What isn't apparent is that a whole host of other properties can be extracted from observed scattering by imaging it with a camera and a specialized filter when illuminated by a narrow wavelength laser. The problem is that a few dust particles, small enough to pass through a household air filter, can scatter more light than all the air molecules in a shot glass, with laser light scattering off large surfaces even more intense. The primary focus of this dissertation is to define Foundational approaches for realizing practical, non-intrusive filtered Rayleigh scattering techniques and methods necessary so that the light scattered from air molecules can be measured while avoiding the scattering from particles and surfaces. These approaches enable the measurement of the three-component velocity, temperature, and density of the gas being illuminated without the measurement affecting the flow itself. Because all these properties can be measured simultaneously, Rayleigh scattering provides one of the most comprehensive experimental measurement techniques available to researchers, making it highly desirable in quantifying gaseous flows and validating computational fluid dynamics calculations. Measurements collected with the techniques outlined in this work are validated experimentally using reference measurements in a large-scale internal flow facility, providing the groundwork for future applications of Rayleigh scattering-based diagnostics.
83

Quantification de minéraux dans des comprimés pharmaceutiques de multivitamines par XRF et LIBS

Quinn, Philip January 2015 (has links)
La technique ICP-AES (Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy) est fréquemment appliquée comme méthode de contrôle de la qualité dans l'industrie pharmaceutique pour vérifier le contenu en minéraux de comprimés de multivitamines. C’est une méthode très fiable et éprouvée, mais elle nécessite une longue préparation des échantillons qui réduit l'efficacité du laboratoire. Les techniques XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) et LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) sont des technologies étudiées afin de déterminer leur potentiel comme une approche alternative à la quantification rapide des minéraux. Leur utilisation permettrait d’économiser sur des consommables dispendieux et nocifs, d’économiser du temps de laboratoire et de quarantaines pour les produits finis. L’objectif de l’étude est de quantifier 10 minéraux dans des comprimés pharmaceutiques avec une précision qui respecte les standards de l’industrie en question. Des méthodes d’analyse appropriées à chacune des technologies évaluées sont proposées pour effectuer une quantification optimale des minéraux. Pour ce faire, une méthodologie adéquate a été développée pour la technologie LIBS permettant de tenir compte de la micro-hétérogénéité des échantillons pharmaceutiques. La méthode permet de déterminer la probabilité d’échantillonnage en fonction des tailles de particules pour chacune des espèces. Ensuite, des modèles quantitatifs multivariés et univariés ont été comparés pour chacune des technologies d’analyse. Il a été démontré que les algorithmes de régression multivariés ne sont pas significativement plus performants que les méthodes traditionnelles pour l’analyse des spectres obtenus. Par contre, en comparant les deux technologies d’analyse, XRF permet d’obtenir des erreurs de prédiction inférieures (MEP = 15 %) à LIBS (MEP = 30 %) ainsi que des courbes de calibration significativement plus linéaires. Toutefois, quoique la technologie LIBS semble obtenir des performances inférieures en général, elle promet certains avantages pour des applications futures telles que les possibilités suivantes : 1- faire du profilage en trois dimensions, 2- échantillonner de très faibles quantités et 3- n’avoir aucune préparation d’échantillon. Au final, LIBS offre davantage de forces pour des applications d’échantillons homogènes ou en profilage alors que XRF serait préférable pour les échantillons hétérogènes. Suite aux efforts de développement de modèles quantitatifs, une analyse des effets de matrice pour la technologie LIBS a permis d’évaluer l’effet de diverses propriétés des matrices en fonction de l’intensité LIBS observée. La concentration volumique élémentaire, la conductivité thermique, la masse volumique des comprimés et la proportion molaire élémentaire dans le plasma sont toutes des propriétés ayant montré des corrélations importantes (R2 ≥ 0.5) avec l’intensité LIBS. En ce qui concerne l’applicabilité au niveau industriel, les erreurs de prédiction obtenues pour les technologies XRF et LIBS ne rencontrent pas les standards pharmaceutiques faisant ainsi que l’application de ces technologies est impossible au moment actuel. Toutefois, d’autres applications simplifiées sont proposées à partir des observations effectuées lors de ces travaux de recherche.
84

Étude de la conversion α vers β d'un minerai de spodumène

Shoucri, Alexandra January 2015 (has links)
L’α-spodumène, soit α-LiAlSi[indice inférieur 2]O[indice inférieur 6] est un aluminosilicate de lithium qui provient d’une roche magmatique appelée pegmatite. Le minerai de spodumène est traité en industrie afin d’en extraire son contenu en lithium. Après purification, le minerai de spodumène est calciné afin d’activer la conversion irréversible de sa phase α (monoclinique) vers sa phase β (tétragonale), pour en extraire le lithium. Les objectifs de ce projet sont d’étudier dans la conversion α vers β d’un minerai de spodumène dans un four rotatif en fonction des différents paramètres opératoires (température, temps, concentration de spodumène, concentration d’eau), en utilisant les résultats des méthodes de caractérisation de la diffraction de rayons X (DRX) et de la calométrie différentielle à balayage (DSC). Ces méthodes sont rapides, permettent de prédire et suivre le comportement thermique d’un minerai de spodumène lors de son traitement dans un four rotatif. L’analyse par DRX démontre la complexité minéralogique des différents échantillons étudiés avant leur calcination. Les données de DRX du β-spodumène permettent de quantifier le taux de conversion calculé de l’α vers le β spodumène, en utilisant la loi de Beer-Lambert. Les courbes de DSC présente toutes les transformations se déroulant dans les échantillons, ainsi que la conversion du spodumène (vers 1010 °C) et la liquéfaction du matériel (qui débute vers 1060 °C). Les courbes de DSC illustrent convenablement le modèle thermique qu’adopterait un échantillon durant son traitement thermique. À partir des résultats de la caractérisation, une étude thermodynamique sur la pegmatite de spodumène a permis de développer les diagrammes de phases pseudo-binaires. Selon les modèles simplifiés, le système spodumène-albite-quartz atteint un eutectique à 1060°C, le système spodumène-microcline-quartz atteint le sien à 1171°C, tandis que l’eutectique système albite-microcline-quartz est à 930 °C. Un four rotatif d’échelle laboratoire a permis l’étude de l’effet de la température, du temps de résidence, du taux d’humidité et de la concentration de spodumène. Les résultats montrent que le taux de conversion calculé diminue lorsque la concentration d’impureté ou la concentration d’eau dans le système augmente. Aussi, le taux de conversion calculé augmente en fonction de la température et le temps. Cependant, en cas de liquéfaction du matériel durant le traitement thermique, le taux de conversion diminue considérablement avec la liquéfaction du matériel. Ce dernier influence la formation d’agglomérat dans le four rotatif et résulte en une vitrification du matériel. Finalement, les conditions optimales de la conversion d’un minerai de spodumène dans le four rotatif sont à 1050 °C pour un temps de résidence de 15 minutes.
85

Investigating Validation of a Simulation Model for Development and Certification of Future Fighter Aircraft Fuel Systems

Vilhelmsson, Markus, Strömberg, Isac January 2016 (has links)
In this thesis a method for verification, validation and uncertainty quantification (VV&UQ) has been tested and evaluated on a fuel transfer application in the fuel rig currently used at Saab. A simplified model has been developed for the limited part of the fuel system in the rig that is affected in the transfer, and VV&UQ has been performed on this model. The scope for the thesis has been to investigate if and how simulation models can be used for certification of the fuel system in a fighter aircraft. The VV&UQ-analysis was performed with the limitation that no probability distributions for uncertainties were considered. Instead, all uncertainties were described using intervals (so called epistemic uncertainties). Simulations were performed on five different operating points in terms of fuel flow to the engine with five different initial conditions for each, resulting in 25 different operating modes. For each of the 25 cases, the VV&UQ resulted in a minimum and maximum limit for how much fuel that could be transferred. 6 cases were chosen for validation measurements and the resulting amount of fuel transferred ended up between the corresponding epistemic intervals. Performing VV&UQ is a time demanding and computationally heavy task, which quickly grows as the model becomes more complex. Our conclusion is that a pilot study is necessary, where time and costs are evaluated, before choosing to use a simulation model and perform VV&UQ for certification. Further investigation of different methods for increasing confidence in simulation models is also needed, for which VV&UQ is one suitable option.
86

Heat storages in Swedish district heating systems : An analysis of the installed thermal energy storage capacity / Värmelager i svenska fjärrvärmenät : En analys av den installerade kapaciteten av värmelager

Eriksson, Robin January 2016 (has links)
District heating is the most common source of heating in Sweden and has played a crucial part in the country’s substantial reductions of carbon dioxide emissions. This recycling technology is ideal in order to use thermal energy as efficiently as possible and makes the goals set for a sustainable future more achievable. The future potential of this technology is therefore huge. Today, a lot of the district heating systems have installed heat storages in order to improve the systems reliability and performance. These heat storages have the potential to be utilized even further in the future by acting as a balancing power for the power grid. However, there is currently no data available regarding the storage capacity available in the district heating systems. This thesis therefore seeks to quantify the installed storage capacity in Swedish district heating systems. The data gathered regarding this can then be utilized in research regarding potential future applications of heat storages, such as balancing the power grid. All collected data regarding heat storage capacity has also been analyzed in an effort to find any correlations between the relative storage capacity and the size, energy sources, customer prices and operational costs of each investigated system. This analysis has concluded that most of the district heating systems in Sweden have installed storage capacity and that it is more commonly used in larger systems. It is also concluded that most of the installed storage capacity is used to counteract daily heat load variations. The heat storages influence district heating systems by reducing their operational costs as well. / Den vanligaste formen av uppvärmning i Sverige är fjärrvärme. Sverige har minskat landets utsläpp av koldioxid kraftigt det senaste årtiondet och fjärrvärmen har bidragit stort till denna bedrift. Denna teknologi är ideal när det gäller att återvinna samt använda värme så effektivt som möjligt. Potentialen för den teknik i framtiden är därför stor. Många fjärrvärmesystem har idag värmelager i systemet för att öka dess effektivitet och pålitlighet. Dessa värmelager kan potentiellt utnyttjas ännu mer i framtiden genom att aggera som balanskraft för elnätet. Det finns dock ingen data tillgänglig gällande lagerkapaciteten som finns tillgänglig i fjärrvärmesystemen i dagsläget. Syftet med detta examensarbete är därför att kvantifiera och analysera den installerade lagerkapaciteten i Sveriges fjärrvärmesystem. Den insamlade datan kan sedan användas i studier för framtida applikationer för värmelager, så som att agera som balanskraft för elnätet. All insamlad informationen om värmelagernas kapacitet har även analyserats för att hitta samband mellan den relativa lagerkapaciteten för varje fjärrvärmesystem och dess storlek, energikällor, kundpriser samt driftkostnader. Slutsatser som har dragits från denna analys är att de flesta fjärrvämesystemen i Sverige har värmelager installerade, samt att värmelager är vanligare i större fjärrvärmesystem. De flesta värmelagren används till att balansera daliga variationer i värmelasten och värmelager sänker även driftkostnaderna för fjärrvärmesystemen.
87

Brain SPECT in patients with neuropsychiatric SLE : the additional value of semi-quantitative analysis

Khider, Mohamed Abdelrahman 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScMedSc (Medical Imaging and Clinical Oncology. Nuclear Medicine))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nuclear Medicine at Stellenbosch University. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: There is conflicting data on the value of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). Visual assessment of brain SPECT scans is the standard approach in clinical practice. However the definition and identification of significant changes may be limited by a high interobserver variability, especially in centres with limited experience. This may be reduced by a more objective semi-quantitative assessment. The objectives of this study were to determine the sensitivity and specificity of SPECT for the detection of NPSLE at our institution using visual assesment, to determine the additional value of using an objective semi-quantitative diagnostic criterion, and to investigate the correlation between abnormal perfusion pattern and clinical NPSLE classification in patients with active NPSLE. Material and methods: Nineteen patients with NPSLE and 19 normal controls were studied with brain SPECT. Scans were interpreted blindly by two nuclear medicine physicians using two methods; visual and semi-quantitative assessments. In the visual method, overall visual impression was recorded for each scan using a four point scale, where A=normal, B=probably normal, C=probably abnormal, and D=abnormal. In addition, each brain region was assigned a severity score from 0=normal perfusion to 3=severe hypoperfusion. In the semi-quantitative assessment, ten-band color scale was used, and perfusion deficit was quantified on the side with the lower color intensity comparing to the contralateral side. A score was given to the region with perfusion deficit according to the difference (in color bands) between the two hemispheres. Analysis was performed for the visual assessment method (overall impression and severity scores) and the semi-quantitative assessment method using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Optimal cut-off points were determined and the accuracy of the different techniques was also compared statistically. Finally, the correlation was determined between the SPECT perfusion pattern and the clinical pattern of disease. Results: An ROC curve analysis for the overall visual impression resulted in an area under the curve of 0.76. At a cut-off point of C (probably abnormal), brain SPECT had 89% sensitivity and 57% specificity for the diagnosis of NPSLE. The severity score which include the total severity score and the modified total severity score resulted in areas under the curve of 0.75 and 0.79 respectively. The semi-quantitative assessment resulted in areas under the ROC curve of 0.80. Statistically, there was no difference between the overall visual impression, visual severity scores, and the semi-quantitative assessment. Agreement analysis between the SPECT pattern and clinical pattern of disease showed agreement in 91.6% in the diffuse pattern, whereas agreement in the focal pattern was seen in only 42.8%. Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, we found that brain SPECT is able to diagnose active NPSLE with a high sensitivity and moderate specificity. The overall visual impression, visual severity scores, and the semi-quantitative assessment showed no significant differences between the techniques. The use of the semi-quantitative assessment described may be useful in centers with limited experience in the interpretation of brain SPECT. The correlation between the SPECT pattern and clinical disease pattern may provide some insights into the pathophysiology of NPSLE. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Daar is teenstrydige inligting oor die waarde van brein enkelfoton emissie tomografie (EFET) vir die diagnose van neuropsigiatriese SLE (NPSLE). Visuele beoordeling van brein EFET flikkergramme is die standaard benadering in kliniese praktyk. Die definisie en identifisering van betekenisvolle veranderinge mag egter beperk word deur 'n hoë inte-waarnemer wisseling, veral in sentra met beperkte ondervinding. Dit mag verminder word deur 'n meer objektiewe semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling. Die doel van hierdie studie was om 1. Die sensitiwiteit en spesifisiteit van EFET vir die opspoor van NPSLE in ons instelling te bepaal, 2. Die bykomende waarde van 'n objektiewe semi-kwantitatiewe diagnostiese kriterium vas te stel, en 3. Die korrelasie tussen 'n abnormale perfusiepatroon en 'n kliniese NPSLE klassifikasie in pasiënte met aktiewe NPSLE te ondersoek. Materiaal en Metodes: Negentien pasiënte met NPSLE en 19 normale kontroles is met brein EFET bestudeer. Flikkergramme is blind deur twee kerngeneeskundiges geïnterpreteer, deur gebruik te maak van twee metodes, 'n visuele en semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling. Vir elke flikkergram is 'n globale visuele indruk genoteer deur gebruik te maak van 'n 4-punt skaal, waar A=normaal, B=waarskynlik normaal, C= waarskynlik abnormaal, en D=abnormaal. Bykomend is 'n ernstigheidsgraad waarde van 0=normale perfusie tot 3=erge hipoperfusie vir elke breinstreek toegeken. Vir die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling is 'n telling vir streke met laer intensiteit vergeleke met die kontralaterale kant toegeken, volgens die verskille in kleurbande deur gebruik te maak van 'n tienbandskaal. Die visuele metodes vir die globale indruk, visuele ernstigheidsgraad waarde, en die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling is geanaliseer deur 'n relatiewe funksioneringskenmerk (receiver operator characteristic (ROC)) kurwe te gebruik en optimale afsnypunte te bepaal. Die akkuraatheid van die verskillende tegnieke is ook statisties vergelyk. Laastens is die korrelasie tussen die EFET perfusiepatroon en die kliniese siektepatroon bepaal. Resultate: 'n ROC kurwe analise vir die globale visuele indruk het gelei tot 'n area onder die kurwe van 0.77. By 'n afsnypunt van (C) het brein EFET 'n sensitiwiteit van 89% en 'n spesifisiteit van 57% vir die diagnose van NPSLE gehad. Die visuele ernstigheidsgraad telling, en die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling het onderskeidelik tot areas onder die ROC kurwe van 0.75 en 0.79 vir die visuele ernstigheidsgraad waarde, en 0.8 vir die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling gelei. Statisties was daar geen verskil tussen die globale visuele indruk, die visuele ernstigheidsgraad waarde, en die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling nie. Ooreenstemmingsanalise tussen die EFET patroon en kliniese siektepatrone het 'n ooreenstemming van 91.6% in die diffuse patroon getoon, terwyl die fokale patroon ooreenstemming van slegs 42.8% getoon het. Bespreking en Gevolgtrekkig: In hierdie studie is gevind dat brein EFET 'n diagnose van NPSLE kan maak met 'n hoë sensitiwiteit en gemiddelde spesifisiteit. Die globale visuele indruk, visuele ernstigheidsgraad waarde, en die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling wat beskryf is, het geen betekenisvolle verskille tussen die tegnieke getoon nie. Die gebruik van die semi-kwantitatiewe beoordeling wat beskryf is, mag van waarde wees in sentra met beperkte ondervinding in the interpretasie van brein EFET. Die korrelasie tussen die EFET patroon en kliniese siektepatrone mag insig gee in die patofisiologie van NPSLE.
88

Synthetic MRI for visualization of quantitative MRI

Peterson, Erika January 2013 (has links)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging technique that is used in hospitals worldwide. The images are acquired through the use of an MRI scanner and the clinical information is provided through the image contrast, which is based on the magnetic properties in biological tissue. By altering the scanner settings, images with different contrast properties can be obtained. Conventional MRI is a qualitative imaging technique and no absolute measurements are performed. At Center for Medical Imaging and Visualization (CMIV) researchers are developing a new MRI technique named synthetic MRI (SyMRI). SyMRI is based on quantitative measurements of data and absolute values of the magnetic properties of the biological tissue can be obtained. The purpose of this master thesis has been to take the development of SyMRI a step further by developing and implementing a visualization studio for SyMRI imaging of the human brain. The software, SyMRI Brain Studio, is intended to be used in clinical routine. Input from radiologists was used to evaluate the imaging technique and the software. Additionally, the requirements of the radiologists were converted into technical specifications for the imaging technique and SyMRI Brain Studio. Additionally, validation of the potential in terms of replacing conventional MRI with SyMRI Brain Studio was performed. The work resulted in visualization software that provides a solid formation for the future development of SyMRI Brain Studio into a clinical tool that can be used for validation and research purposes. A list of suggestions for the future developments is also presented. Future clinical evaluation, technical improvements and research are required in order to estimate the potential of SyMRI and to introduce the technique as a generally used clinical tool.
89

Quantification de variables conjuguées par états cohérents

García De León, Pedro Lenin 07 July 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Dans ce travail on se concentre sur une méthode alternative de quantification a travers des états cohérents. La méthode canonique associe un pair de variables conjuguées classiques et identifie leur crochet de Poisson au commutateur quantique de ses observables quantiques correspondantes. Les observables sont définies comme des opérateurs auto-adjoints agissant sur un espace de Hilbert particulier. Leurs valeurs physiques se trouvent dans leur résolution spectrale, et pourtant sont liés à une mesure à valeur projection (PV). Néanmoins, il existe un empêchement lorsqu'on impose des bornes sur les ces spectres. Cette restriction sur la définition des opérateurs est décrite par un théorème de W. Pauli et ouvre la voie vers la définition de méthodes alternatives de quantification. La quantification par états cohérents propose une définition d'observable quantique qui prend des valeurs à travers la valeur moyenne sur une famille " cohérente " non-orthogonale et surcomplète de vecteurs dans l'espace de Hilbert. Les états cohérents définis à cet effet partagent avec ceux de oscillateur harmonique la propriété d'être des résolutions de l'identité et d'être parametrisés par un indice discret et une variable complexe. Ceci les rend particulièrement utiles pour " traduire " des variables classiques en opérateurs quantiques bien définis. On a étudié trois cas particuliers ou la définition d'opérateurs auto-adjoints est compromise. En premier on propose une définition de l'opérateur de phase, correspondant à l'angle conjugué à l'action classique. En deuxième place on étudie la quantification du mouvement dans un puits infini de potentiel, notamment, l'opérateur d'impulsion problématique est défini proprement. Finalement ont propose un opérateur temps, conjugué au Hamiltonien, pour une particule libre en utilisant des états cohérents de type SU(1,1) sur des demi plans de Poincaré
90

Données nouvelles sur les innervations cholinergiques de l'hippocampe et du néostriatum et sur leur ultrastructure au cours du développement

Aznavour, Nicolas January 2004 (has links)
Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

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