Submitted by Kilvya Braga (kilvyabraga@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-14T13:17:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JÚLIO HENRIQUE ROCHA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 3692650 bytes, checksum: 97151b25e0e73635f40106266ca79e2e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T13:17:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JÚLIO HENRIQUE ROCHA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 3692650 bytes, checksum: 97151b25e0e73635f40106266ca79e2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Capes / Recuperação de Informação Geográfica (GIR) é uma área de pesquisa que desenvolve e viabiliza a construção de mecanismos de busca por conteúdos distribuídos pela Internet envolvendo algum contexto geográfico. Os motores de busca geográfica, que são artefatos produzidos na área de GIR, podem ser especificados para trabalhar em diversos contextos (e.g., esportes, concursos públicos), buscando um tratamento adequado ao tipo de documento manipulado. Atualmente, a comunidade científica e o meio comercial vêm concentrando esforços na construção de motores de busca geográfica com o foco em encontrar notícias distribuídas na Internet. Contudo, motores de busca (geográfica ou não) com foco em notícias, deveriam considerar o fator de credibilidade da informação contida nas mesmas no momento de ordená-las. Infelizmente, na maior parte das vezes, isso não acontece. Mensurar a credibilidade de notícias é uma atividade onerosa e complexa, por exigir o conhecimento dos fatos relatados. Dessa forma, os motores de busca acabam deixando a cargo do usuário a responsabilidade em confiar no que está sendo lido. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação propõe um método de ranking de relevância com foco em notícias e baseado em informações colhidas em redes sociais, para valorar um grau de credibilidade e, assim, ordená-las. O valor de credibilidade da notícia é calculado considerando a afinidade dos usuários, que a compartilharam em sua rede social, com as localidades mencionadas na notícia. Por fim, o ranking de relevância proposto é integrado a uma ferramenta de busca e leitura de notícias, denominada GeoSEn News, que viabiliza a consulta por meio de diversas operações espaciais e permite a visualização dos resultados em diferentes perspectivas. Tal ferramenta foi utilizada para avaliar o método proposto através de experimentos utilizando dados colhidos na rede social Twitter e em mídias informativas espalhadas pelo Brasil. A avaliação apresentou resultados promissores e atestou a viabilidade da construção do ranking de relevância que se baseia em informações coletadas em redes sociais. / Geographic Information Retrieval is a research field that develops and allows the construction of search engines to retrieve information with geographic context that is available on the Internet. Produced in the GIR field, geographic search engines can be specified to work in many different contexts (e.g., as sports, concerts), seeking proper ways to handle the chosen document type. Nowadays, the scientific community and the commerce are focusing efforts on building geographic search engines to find news over the Internet. However, search engines (geographical or otherwise) focused on news should consider the information credibility factor in the moment of ranking them. Unfortunately, in most cases, it is not what happens. Measure the news credibility is a complex and expensive task since it requires knowledge of the stated facts. Thereby, search engines end up giving the user the responsibility to trust or not what is being read. In this context, this work proposes a relevance ranking method focused in news and based on information collected from social networks, to evaluate a credibility factor and thus, rank them. The news credibility value is calculated considering the affinity of users who have shared it on their social network with the locations mentioned in the news. Lastly, the proposed relevance ranking is integrated with a search engine and reading news tool called GeoSEn News, which enables various spatial operations queries and allows result visualization in different perspectives. Through experiments using data collected in the social network Twitter and informational media throughout Brazil, this tool was used to evaluate the proposed method. The evaluation presented promising results and certified the feasibility of building relevance ranking based on information collected from social networks.

A Lei n°11.445/2007, conhecida como Lei do Saneamento, constitui o marco regulatório do setor de saneamento, define o conceito e estabelece diretrizes nacionais para o saneamento básico. Apesar de terem se passado nove anos da sanção desta lei, ainda verifica-se a necessidade de integrar os componentes do conceito de saneamento básico que são: abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário, resíduos sólidos e drenagem urbana; e também de buscar meios para monitorar o saneamento básico nos municípios. Por isso, o objetivo do trabalho é propor uma classificação dos municípios do Estado de São Paulo em forma de ranking com base nas condições de saneamento básico, considerando o conceito proposto pela Lei n° 11.445/2007. A classificação na forma de ranking se justifica devido às crescentes iniciativas internacionais em utilizar indicadores compostos para mensurar o desempenho das cidades e compará-las. O ranking de cidades é importante para influenciar discussões políticas nacionais e internacionais, para monitorar e realizar benchmarking, assim como para estabelecer prioridades de ação. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa em um primeiro momento para compreender o tema por meio de entrevistas com especialistas e, em um segundo momento possui uma abordagem quantitativa para classificar os municípios paulistas quanto ao saneamento utilizando análise fatorial exploratória. Como resultado obtido, tem-se a proposta de elaboração do ranking de saneamento básico dos municípios paulistas e a respectiva classificação com base em dados de 2013 do SNIS e Munic. / Law n°11.445 / 2007, known as Sanitation Law, is the regulatory framework of the sanitation sector, which defines what is meant by basic sanitation and establishes national guidelines for basic sanitation and for federal policy. After eight years of this law approval we still need to integrate the dimensions proposed by the concept of sanitation which are: water, sewage, solid waste and urban drainage; and also to seek tools that enable achieving the goals set by the government. Therefore, the objective is to create a ranking tool to classify cities according to sanitation conditions, considering the concept of sanitation proposed by Law 11.445/2007. The ranking classification is justified due to the growing international initiatives in using composite indicators to measure the performance of cities and compare them. The cities\' ranking is important in influencing national and international policy discussions, to monitor and carry out benchmarking, as well as to establish priorities for action. The research has a qualitative approach at first to thoroughly understand the subject through interviews with experts, and a second stage has a quantitative approach to the measurement of the counties sanitation by using factor analysis. The results analysis will be done through the description and comparison of the proposed sanitation ranking with the other proposals identified. As a result, we have the proposal for sanitation ranking of counties and their classification based on 2013 data of SNIS e Munic.

This thesis aims to compile and evaluate six monocriteria and one multi-criteria ranking in the meat processing industry. These rankings are primarily focused on the needs of smaller potential investors and their purpose is to facilitate their investment decisions and to recommend the most appropriate investment opportunity. In the theoretical part is analyzed the concept of ranking and other related concepts. In addition, there are described the interests of individual ranking users and briefly introduced the most well-known rankings. The content of the methodological part are particular steps in the process of compiling ranking and their subsequent detailed analysis including a brief theoretical interpretation of the selected methods of financial analysis. To contribute a better reporting ability to one of the implementation steps is included an expert opinion reflecting the specifics of the selected industry. In the practical part is applied the described steps and the rankings are compiled and evaluated. The recommended investment opportunity is LE & CO - Ing. Jiří Lenc, s.r.o.

A urbanização acentuada, fenômeno crescente das últimas décadas, tem atingido níveis elevadíssimos e criado enormes desafios para a gestão das cidades, além de trazer uma vasta gama de efeitos nefastos para a qualidade de vida de seus cidadãos. Dados da ONU de 2016, indicam tratar-se de um caminho sem volta, com uma tendência de agravamento nos próximos anos. Para tentar mitigar esta situação, muito se tem discutido em como aumentar o nível de inteligência das cidades e o interesse pelo tema Cidades Inteligentes tem crescido. Apesar disso, ainda não existe consenso sobre um conceito de cidade inteligente. Se há tempos este conceito se baseava exclusivamente no pilar da tecnologia, hoje uma visão mais evoluída e holística incorpora várias outras dimensões. Já a maioria dos modelos de classificação existentes são estrangeiros e não são aderentes à realidade de um país tão diverso e tão desigual quanto o Brasil. No âmbito nacional, existem algumas iniciativas de criação de conceitos e de modelos de classificação, mas, ou são baseados unicamente no componente tecnológico, ou buscam apenas a criação de rankings tradicionais baseados em ponderações arbitrárias de seus formuladores. A dificuldade de adequação do conceito e dos modelos de classificação à realidade brasileira foram os dois motores principais desta tese. O primeiro objetivo foi desenvolver um conceito de cidade inteligente para o contexto brasileiro. O segundo foi propor um modelo multidimensional de classificação, que fugisse aos padrões tradicionais de um ranking e fosse um instrumento efetivo de aprendizagem, benchmarking e de apoio ao planejamento de políticas públicas das cidades. Por meio de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, junto a 3 cidades de portes diferentes do estado de São Paulo, foram desenvolvidas pesquisas de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. A primeira utilizou questionários fechados e levantamento de dados em bases de indicadores específicos para o cálculo dos componentes do Índice Brasileiro Multidimensional de Classificação de Cidades Inteligentes - IBMCCI. Este produto final da tese emprega a mesma abordagem orientada ao usuário do U-MULTIRANK, o ranking multidimensional global de universidades da Comunidade Europeia. A versão final do modelo proposto foi disponibilizada para uso dos gestores municipais com a liberdade de seleção das dimensões, dos indicadores e dos municípios equivalentes para análise. A abordagem qualitativa da pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, junto a 2 especialistas em gestão municipal. Para validar a ferramenta construída utilizou-se a técnica de validação de conteúdo. Chegou-se à conclusão que é necessário ajustar alguns fatores do modelo e adequar a periodicidade de edição do índice para coincidir com o calendário das eleições municipais. Com estas adequações, o IBMCCI demonstrou grande potencial de se tornar uma ferramenta efetiva de apoio para os formuladores de políticas públicas municipais. / The strong urbanization, a phenomenon that has increased in recent decades, has reached a very high level and has created enormous challenges for the management of cities, as well as bringing a wide range of harmful effects to the quality of life of its citizens. UN data of 2016 indicates that this is one-way road, and it\'s forecast to be worse in the coming years. Trying to mitigate this situation, much has been discussed about how to increase the smartness level of the cities and the interest in subject of Smart Cities has grown. Despite this, there is still no consensus on a smart city concept. If for some time this concept was based exclusively on the pillar of technology, today a more evolved and holistic vision would incorporate several other dimensions. Most of the existing classification models are foreign and are not adherent to the reality of a country as diverse and as unequal as Brazil. At the national level, there are some initiatives to create concepts and classification models, but they are based solely on the technological component or they only seek to create traditional rankings based on arbitrary weights of their formulators. The difficulty of adapting the concepts and the classification models to the Brazilian reality were the two main engines of this thesis. The first aim was to develop a concept of Smart cities for the Brazilian context. The second one was to propose a multidimensional classification model, which would escape the traditional standards of a ranking and be an effective tool for learning, benchmarking and supporting the planning of public policies in cities. By means of an exploratory and descriptive study, along with 3 cities of different sizes of the state of São Paulo, research into quantitative and qualitative approaches were developed. The first one used close ended questionnaires and data collection based on specific indicators for the calculation of the components of the Brazilian Multidimensional Smart Cities Classification Index (IBMCCI). This final thesis product employs the same user-oriented approach as U-MULTIRANK, the multidimensional global ranking of European Community universities. The final version of the proposed model was made available for use by municipal managers with the freedom to select dimensions, indicators and equivalent municipalities for analysis. The qualitative approach of the research was conducted through semi-structured interviews, with 2 specialists in municipal management. In order to validate the built tool, the content validity technique was used. It has come to the conclusion that it is necessary to adjust some factors of the model and to adapt the periodicity of edition of the index to coincide with the calendar of the municipal elections. With these adaptations, the IBMCCI has demonstrated great potential to become an effective support tool for municipal public policy makers.

Insbesondere die Reihenfolge und Struktur der gelisteten Ergebnisse (Ranking) spielt, neben dem direkten Volltextzugriff auf die Dokumente, inzwischen eine entscheidende Rolle beim Design von Suchsystemen. Ziel der Forschung/Doktorarbeit von Philip Mayr ist es, zu untersuchen, ob das vorgestellte alternative Re-Rankingverfahren „Bradfordizing“ im Anwendungsbereich bibliographischer Datenbanken operabel ist und voraussichtlich gewinnbringend in Informationssystemen eingesetzt und dem Nutzer angeboten werden kann. Die Evaluation von Bradfordizing zeigt, dass die Dokumente der Kernzone (Kernzeitschriften) für die meisten Testreihen eine signifikant höhere Precision als Dokumente der Zone 2 und Zone 3 (Peripheriezeitschriften) ergeben. Sowohl für Zeitschriften als auch für Monographien kann ein Relevanzvorteil nach Bradfordizing auf einer sehr breiten Basis von Themen und Fragestellungen an zwei unabhängigen Dokumentkorpora empirisch nachgewiesen werden.

Le ranking multipartite est un problème d'apprentissage statistique qui consiste à ordonner les observations qui appartiennent à un espace de grande dimension dans le même ordre que les labels, de sorte que les observations avec le label le plus élevé apparaissent en haut de la liste. Cette thèse vise à comprendre la nature probabiliste du problème de ranking multipartite afin d'obtenir des garanties théoriques pour les algorithmes de ranking. Dans ce cadre, la sortie d'un algorithme de ranking prend la forme d'une fonction de scoring, une fonction qui envoie l'espace des observations sur la droite réelle et l'ordre finale est construit en utilisant l'ordre induit par la droite réelle. Les contributions de ce manuscrit sont les suivantes : d'abord, nous nous concentrons sur la caractérisation des solutions optimales de ranking multipartite. Le deuxième thème de recherche est la conception d'algorithmes pour produire des fonctions de scoring. Nous proposons deux méthodes, la première utilisant une procédure d'agrégation, la deuxième un schema d'approximation. Enfin, nous revenons au problème de ranking binaire afin d'établir des vitesse minimax adaptives de convergences. / Multipartite ranking is a statistical learning problem that consists in ordering observations that belong to a high dimensional feature space in the same order as the labels, so that the observations with the highest label appear at the top of the list. This work aims to understand the probabilistic nature of the multipartite ranking problem in order to obtain theoretical guarantees for ranking algorithms. In this context, the output of a ranking algorithm takes the form of a scoring function, a function that maps the space of the observation to the real line which order is induced using the values on the real line. The contributions of this manuscript are the following : First, we focus on the characterization of optimal solutions to multipartite ranking. The second research theme is the design of algorithms to produce scoring functions. We offer two methods, the first using an aggregation procedure, the second an approximation scheme. Finally, we return to the binary ranking problem to establish adaptive minimax rate of convergence.

Research plays a large role in the advancement of any industry. It is particularly important that relevant research is performed in an industry as large and critical as the construction industry. A review of literature shows that historically research has not played a major role in the advancement of the construction industry. The work of this thesis was to explore whether there has been a change in this relationship, or not. This thesis explored whether the construction-related research being done is in alignment with the needs of industry. Comparisons of the rankings of construction research and industry views were done to evaluate their correlation to each other. This evaluation was done through a review of literature of four construction research journals. Articles were gathered and classified in common construction themes. Each research theme was given a ranking based on the quantity of articles classified into common construction themes. The research ranking demonstrated that the most popular research theme was training/ human resources, followed by management/ risks and technology/ innovation. A survey was sent to 259 industry professionals asking them to rank the 22 construction themes. A response rate of 14% was achieved through the survey respondents. Survey respondents determine that the most important research theme is constructability, followed by estimating/ bidding and economics/cost control. Findings demonstrate that there was no correlation between the themes that were popularly researched and what is most important to the construction professionals.

No description available.

Arrow and Raynaud introduced a set of axioms that a ranking rule should verify. Among these, axiom V' states that the compromise ranking should be a so-called prudent order. Intuitively, a prudent order is a linear order such that the strongest opposition against this solution is minimal. Since the related literature lacks in solid theoretical foundations for this type of aggregation rule, it was our main objective in this thesis to thoroughly study and gain a better understanding of the family of prudent ranking rules. We provide characterizations of several prudent ranking rules in a conjoint axiomatic framework. We also prove that we can construct profiles for which the result of a prudent ranking rule and a non-prudent ranking rule can be contradictory. Finally we illustrate the use of prudent ranking rules in a group decision context and on the composite indicator problem.

Combining Outputs from Machine Translation Systems By Fahim A. Salim Supervised by: Ing. Zdenek Zabokrtsky, Ph.D Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics, Charles University in Prague 2010. Abstract: Due to the massive ongoing research there are many paradigms of Machine Translation systems with diverse characteristics. Even systems designed on the same paradigm might perform differently in different scenarios depending upon their training data used and other design decisions made. All Machine Translation Systems have their strengths and weaknesses and often weakness of one MT system is the strength of the other. No single approach or system seems to always perform best, therefore combining different approaches or systems i.e. creating systems of Hybrid nature, to capitalize on their strengths and minimizing their weaknesses in an ongoing trend in Machine Translation research. But even Systems of Hybrid nature has limitations and they also tend to perform differently in different scenarios. Thanks to the World Wide Web and open source, nowadays one can have access to many different and diverse Machine Translation systems therefore it is practical to have techniques which could combine the translation of different MT systems and produce a translation which is better than any of the individual systems....