Hydropower is the most important domestic energy source of Turkey. Thus, wise planning and development of the unused hydropower potential of the country is vital. There are many hydroelectric power plants under planning stage in our country. Altiparmak HEPP is one of them. General Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration (EIE) and ANC Enerji conducted two separate feasibility studies for Altiparmak HEPP in 2001 and 2009, respectively. Traditionally, the energy income calculations for HEPPs are based on DSI or EIE Methods in Turkey. Both of these methods evaluate the firm and the secondary energy generations separately. Besides they use fixed prices for these two types of energies. However, hourly electricity prices are used for electricity trading in Turkey. A detailed economic analysis of Altiparmak HEPP is conducted in this study. The economic analysis included various factors, such as tailwater level change, varying operating levels for different seasons and precipitation and evaporation amounts which are not conventionally included in feasibility studies. Moreover, the energy income calculations are conducted with four different methods, the DSI Method, the EIE Method, the ANC Method and the Variable Price Method (VPM). The VPM is developed in this study and it allows utilization of hourly electricity prices in calculating energy income of the HEPP. To shed some light on how hourly electricity prices develop, this thesis includes a chapter on the electricity market which explains the details of electricity trading in our country after the Electricity Market Balancing and Settlement Regulation became active in 2009.

Orientador:Marcos Franke Pinto / Co-orientador:Manoel Garcia Neto / Banca:Silvia Helena Venturoli Perri / Banca:Antonio Celso Pezzato / Resumo:As atuais estratégias de formulação de ração exigem a aplicação de novas ferramentas computacionais, que utilizam a modelagem matemática, dando suporte na tomada de decisão para uma nutrição de precisão. Por este motivo, destaca-se a programação não linear, que não visa apenas formular uma dieta que atenda às necessidades do animal, mas sim o custo mínimo e também maximizar a margem de lucro. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo validar a utilização do modelo não linear (PNL), com maximização do retorno econômico, através de estimativas de desempenho das aves e dos custos da ração, segundo a variação de preço do kg do frango de corte (preço médio histórico de 2009 e 2010), as fases de criação e do sexo. Para tanto, foram utilizados 480 pintos de corte, 240 machos e 240 fêmeas da mesma linhagem (Cobb 500), no período de 1 a 56 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, totalizando 6 tratamentos (aumentando ou diminuindo em 25% ou 50% o preço médio histórico do frango vivo), com 4 repetições e 10 aves por parcela experimental. As aves foram alimentadas ad libitum com água e rações experimentais, formuladas à base de milho, farelo de soja, óleo de soja, suplemento vitamínico e mineral, calcário e fosfato bicálcico. Foi avaliado o desempenho (ganho de peso e consumo de ração), consumo total energético e a margem de lucro. Concluiu-se que o princípio não linear mostra-se mais apropriado, uma vez que as exigências de todos os nutrientes são automaticamente ajustadas pelo modelo matemático / Abstract:The current formulation strategies required the application of new computational tools that use mathematical modelling, supporting decision- making for a precision nutrition. For this reason, non-linear programming, which not only aims to formulate a diet that meets the needs of the animal, according to the minimum cost, but also maximize the profit margin. Thus, the present work had as objective to validate the use of nonlinear principle model (NLP), with maximizing economic returns through performance estimates of birds and feed costs, according to the price change of kg of chicken (average price history for 2009 and 2010), the phases of creation and of sex. Thus, we used 480 broiler chicks, 240 males and 240 females of the same strain (Cobb 500), during the period 1 to 56 days old. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a total of 6 treatments (T1-NLP 50; T2-NLP 25; T3-NLP normal; T4-PNL-25; T5-NLP-50 and T6-PL), with 4 repetitions and 10 birds per plot. The birds were fed ad libitum with experimental rations and water, formulated based on corn, soybean meal, soybean oil, mineral and vitamin supplement, dicalcium phosphate, and limestone. Compliance has been assessed (weight gain, feed conversion and consumption), total energy consumption and profit. It was concluded that the principle of nonlinear formulation is more suitable to meet the concept of precision nutrition for broilers, since the requirements of all nutrients are automatically adjusted by the mathematical model, estimated energy content- related, as distinct nutritional recommendations for stages and ages of broiler, according the program PPFR / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-06-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:14:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000744274.pdf: 4145154 bytes, checksum: 03899c25807489a3b4a1331eff2b8e8b (MD5) / The current formulation strategies required the application of new computational tools that use mathematical modelling, supporting decision- making for a precision nutrition. For this reason, non-linear programming, which not only aims to formulate a diet that meets the needs of the animal, according to the minimum cost, but also maximize the profit margin. Thus, the present work had as objective to validate the use of nonlinear principle model (NLP), with maximizing economic returns through performance estimates of birds and feed costs, according to the price change of kg of chicken (average price history for 2009 and 2010), the phases of creation and of sex. Thus, we used 480 broiler chicks, 240 males and 240 females of the same strain (Cobb 500), during the period 1 to 56 days old. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a total of 6 treatments (T1-NLP 50; T2-NLP 25; T3-NLP normal; T4-PNL-25; T5-NLP-50 and T6-PL), with 4 repetitions and 10 birds per plot. The birds were fed ad libitum with experimental rations and water, formulated based on corn, soybean meal, soybean oil, mineral and vitamin supplement, dicalcium phosphate, and limestone. Compliance has been assessed (weight gain, feed conversion and consumption), total energy consumption and profit. It was concluded that the principle of nonlinear formulation is more suitable to meet the concept of precision nutrition for broilers, since the requirements of all nutrients are automatically adjusted by the mathematical model, estimated energy content- related, as distinct nutritional recommendations for stages and ages of broiler, according the program PPFR

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The diploma thesis is written on the topic of Russia: macroeconomics and position at the international tourism market. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of tourism, describes the basic macroeconomics indicators and define the position of tourism in the global economy. The second part deals with the development of the economy of the Russian Federation from its very begining up to the present. The third part discusses the Russian Federation in the terms of tourism, international income and arrivals. The last part analyzes tourism between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation. For this part of diploma thesis has been prepared two questionnaires among residents of the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation.

The master’s thesis is focused on general improvement of Vacenovice municipality’s budget in relation to overall management of the municipality, its position and competence. The thesis is divided into several parts, including the theoretical background, basic characterization of the municipality Vacenovice, analysis of income and expenditures of the municipality budget in recent years, and in the last part, proposals to improve management of the municipality.

This thesis deals with financing possibilities for investment of the municipality project. The first part includes the theoretical thesis for understanding the functioning of the municipality and put communities funding opportunities. The second section includes a brief introduction to the community, socio-economic analysis and financial analysis in the selected period 2009 – 2012 and also the evaluation of this implementation and introduction the investment activities of the municipality. The last part of the investment project involves the presentation of individual municipality project and the possibilities of its financial coverage with final recommended options for funding.

The diploma thesis deals with the overall evaluation of management of the corporation Lešná, that is based on the usage of the selected financial methods during the period 2007 – 2011. The paper is divided into the several parts. The theoretical part deals with the findings of the management of the corporations located in the Czech Republic and in the practical part, the corporation Lešná is introduced and its revenues and expenditures are analyzed. The suggested proposals are based on the detected weaknesses and lead to improvement of its financial situation in the upcoming years.

Studien undersöker Facebooks instant messaging-applikation Messenger med syfte att lokalisera de komponenter som skapar friktion i kommunikationsflödet mellan sändare och mottagare för att i sin tur undersöka hur dessa kan reduceras för att optimera gränssnittets samtliga funktionaliteter. Tidigare forskning visar att feedback-funktioner som berättar för användaren när meddelanden är lästa och när andra användare är aktiva skapar ett så kallat “social pressure” som gör att mottagaren känner sig pressad till att svara och sändaren är angelägen om att få svar. Tidigare forskning undersöker “lösningar” på detta problem med nya, relativt avancerade funktioner som en utveckling av de redan befintliga feedback-funktionerna. Dessutom visar tidigare studier på att UX-design och användarupplevelsen är viktig för att behålla användare. Vi vill därför med denna studie undersöka hur själva utformningen av applikationen kan minimera de problem som upplevs hos den nuvarande versionen av Messenger, vilket vi anser har saknats i tidigare studier om instant-messaging. Metoden bestod av en enkätundersökning och en fokusgrupp samtliga med regelbundna Messenger-användare. Efter att ha undersökt applikationens gränssnitt ur ett användarperspektiv kom vi fram till ett designförslag som vi lät deltagarna utvärdera under fokusgruppen, tillsammans med andra generella frågor och diskussioner om upplevelsen och applikationens utformning. Resultatet visar på ett antal pain points som identifierades hos användarna. Sedan skapades en low fidelity-prototyp som försöker minimera dessa pain points, bl.a. med en ny flik för ohanterade meddelanden. Prototypen utvärderades av ett antal deltagare där slutsatsen var att denna version var uppskattad. / This study looks into Facebook’s instant messaging-application Messenger with the aim to localize the components causing friction in the communication between sender and receiver, to furthermore investigate how these problems can be reduced and therefore optimize the communication-functionalities of the user interface. Previous studies have shown that the feedback-functions notifying the user when messages have been read and when other users are active create a so-called social pressure, causing the receiver to feel pressured into replying and the sender to feel anxious waiting for a reply. Previous studies examine “solutions” to this problem by introducing new and relatively advanced features as an expansion of the already existing feedback-functions. In addition, previous studies have shown that UX-design and user experience is important to keep users attracted to the application. Therefore, we want to examine how the UX-design of the application can minimize the problems identified by users of the existing version of Messenger, which we believe has been unaccounted for in previous studies regarding instant messaging. Our method consists of a small survey together with a focus group conducted with a small number of media technology-students who are regular users of the Messenger application. After looking at the UX-design of the interface we developed a design proposal which the participants were asked to evaluate during the focus group, together with other general questions and discussion topics about the user experience and the interface of the application. This resulted in three main pain points that were identified by the participants. After this, a low fidelity wireframe was created that aims to minimize these pain points. One of the changes is a new tab for unresolved conversations. The prototype was evaluated by a few participants with the conclusion that the new version was appreciated.

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar os efeitos do anúncio da dupla-listagem sobre o comportamento das ações no mercado doméstico das empresas que promoveram a listagem de ADRs. Os aspectos do comportamento analisados são os retornos anormais, os padrões de liquidez e volatilidade de preços. Foram analisados 22 programas de ADRs. Para cada uma das características analisadas foi utilizada uma diferente técnica empírica. A análise dos retornos anormais foi realizada através de um estudo de eventos para 5 diferentes janelas de estudos. A segunda técnica empírica utiliza-se do Índice de Negociabilidade, uma métrica desenvolvida pela Economática envolvendo o número de negócios diários e o volume diário transacionado da ação para medir potenciais alterações na liquidez das ações e, por fim, a terceira técnica utilizada utiliza a variância dos retornos como medida relevante de alteração de volatilidade dos mesmos. Embora com limitações, o estudo apresentou resultados em linha com parte da literatura de referência, demonstrando, excetuando-se pela janela de 5 dias pré e pós evento, que não é possível afirmar que os retornos das ações estudadas após o anúncio da emissão das ADRs são diferentes dos retornos apresentados pelas ações antes do anúncio. Com relação à análise de impacto sobre a liquidez das ações (INM 50d), foi possível rejeitar a hipótese de que o programa não causa impacto na liquidez com um nível de significância de 10% após comparar a liquidez das ações das empresas que emitiram ADRs com a liquidez das ações das empresas que compunham as carteiras dos grupos de controle. Finalmente, ao estudar a volatilidade das ações, foi possível observar que, para os testes-F realizados, das 22 ações testadas, 11 apresentaram resultados que permitem rejeitar a hipótese nula e, portanto, inferir que, para essas companhias, a variância dos retornos durante o período de 50 dias pós-evento foi diferente da variância dos retornos durante o período de 50 dias pré-evento dentro de um nível de significância de 5%. Para as outras 11 empresas testadas, não foi possível rejeitar a hipótese nula e, portanto, não foi possível concluir, para essas empresas, que o evento do anúncio da emissão de ADRs exerceu qualquer influência sobre a volatilidade dos retornos das ações subjacentes. Essa dissertação contribui para o entendimento mais aprofundado das consequências da emissão de ADRs. Tal processo, caro e demandante, expõe as companhias a diferentes níveis de regulação e exige um nível mais elevado de governança e, portanto, deve ser bem entendido por gestores, bancos e consultores. / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of the cross-listing announcement on the behavior of the shares of Brazilian companies that enroll in ADR programs. The analyzed aspects of the domestic shares’ behavior are the abnormal returns, the liquidity levels and the volatility of the returns measured by their variance. 22 ADR programs were analyzed. For each of the characteristic studied, a different empirical technique was utilized. The abnormal returns analysis was conducted through an event study for 5 different study windows. The second empirical technique rely on the “Indice de Negociabilidade”, a metric developed by Economatica which involves the number of daily trades of the market and of the shares to measure potential changes in the liquidity levels of the shares. Finally, the third method used analyzes the variance of the returns of the domestic shares as relevant measure of volatility of returns. Although with limitations, the study presented results aligned with part of the reference studies and bibliography, demonstrating, except for the window of 5 days pre and post event, that it is not possible to assert that the returns of the shares analyzed after the announcement of the issuance of the ADRs are different from the returns presented by the shares before the announcement. With regard to the analysis of the impact on shares’ liquidity (INM 50d), it was possible to reject the hypothesis that the program does not impact liquidity with a significance level of 10% after comparing the liquidity of the shares of the companies that issued ADRs with the liquidity companies’ shares that composed the portfolios of the control groups. Finally, in studying volatility of the shares, it was possible to observe that for the F-tests performed, of the 22 shares tested, 11 presented results that allow the rejection of the null hypothesis and, therefore, infer that for these companies, the variance of returns during the 50-day period postevent was different from the variance of returns over the 50-day period previous to the event within a significance level of 5%. For the 11 other companies tested, it was not possible to reject the null hypothesis and therefore it was not possible to conclude, for these companies, that the event of the announcement of the issuance of ADRs had any influence on the volatility of the returns of the underlying shares. This dissertation contributes to a more in-depth understanding of the consequences of issuing ADRs. Such an expensive and demanding process exposes companies to different levels of regulation and requires a higher level of governance and therefore must be well understood by managers, banks and consultants.