Orientador: Luzenira Alves Brasileiro / Banca: Dib Gebara / Banca: Marisa Teresa Françoso / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento para analisar a sustentabilidade econômica do sistema de coleta seletiva de resíduos recicláveis urbanos. Com o intuito de caracterizar o cenário econômico, o objetivo da pesquisa é realizar uma análise de sustentabilidade econômica da coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos urbanos recicláveis. Um estudo de caso foi realizado para a cidade de Votuporanga - SP. Os resultados mostram que o sistema de coleta seletiva analisado apresenta sustentabilidade econômica. O estudo demonstrou também que se a população urbana segregar todos os resíduos recicláveis que são gerados, o custo da coleta seletiva reduz significativamente. Um sistema de coleta seletiva eficiente e eficaz proporciona, além da sustentabilidade econômica, outros benefícios para a sociedade em geral, tais como: ambiental, educacional e social. / Abstract: This work presents a procedure for analyzing the economic sustainability of the system of selective collection of recyclable waste city. A case study was conducted for Votuporanga city. The results show that the selective collection system has analyzed economic sustainability. The study also showed that the urban population segregate all recyclable waste that are generated, the cost of selective reduced significantly. A selective collection system provides efficient and effective, and economic sustainability, other benefits to society in general, such as environmental, educational and social. / Mestre

L’objectif de ce projet a été de concevoir des matériaux émissifs recyclables à base de lanthanide, en vue de remplacer les oxydes contenus dans les lampes fluoro-compactes (CFLs). Les lanthanides, en particulier l’Eu¹¹¹ et le Tb¹¹¹ ont été les principaux « ingrédients » dans les phosphores à cause de leurs émissions fines dans le rouge et le vert. Les complexes tris-dipicolinate de lanthanides, solubles dans l’eau sont connus pour leurs excellentes propriétés de luminescence, ce qui en fait de bons candidats pour des applications dans le domaine de l’éclairage.Cette thèse décrit l’étude des complexes de tris-dipicolinate d’Eu¹¹¹ et de Tb¹¹¹ sous forme cristalline avec différents contre-cations, ainsi que des systèmes plus complexes comme des co-cristaux ou des de cristaux cœur/coquille. Ces complexes ont également été utilisés comme dopant dans des silices mésostructurées en utilisant une méthode dites de « incipient wet impregnation » (IWI). Les propriétés photophysiques de ces matériaux ont été étudiées en détail et une forte exaltation des propriétés d’émission a été mise en évidence dans les silices. En particulier, l’influence des oscillateurs O-X a été montrée et la détermination du rendement quantique intrinsèque nous a procuré une meilleure compréhension de cette exaltation.La recyclabilité des complexes de lanthanide dans la silice a pu être réalisée avec des bons rendements. Des matériaux, émettant de la lumière blanche ont pu être obtenus en mélangeant des émetteurs rouge, vert et bleu. Le naphtalimide a été choisi comme émetteur bleu. Ainsi, le mélange des complexes d’Eu¹¹¹ et de Tb¹¹¹ et de naphtalimide au sein d’une silice mésoporeuse a conduit à la première génération de matériaux émettant de la lumière blanche et pouvant être facilement recyclés. / The objective of this project was to explore recyclable lanthanide based materials suitable for replacing the oxides from compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs). Lanthanides, particularly Eu¹¹¹ and Tb¹¹¹ have been the main “ingredients” in phosphors due to their colour purity and sharp emission in the red and green range of the visible spectrum. Lanthanide tris-dipicolinates are water soluble complexes, known for their excellent photophysical properties which makes them great candidates for lighting. The thesis describes the study of Eu¹¹¹ and Tb¹¹¹ tris-dipicolinate complexes in the crystalline form with different cations, as well as more complex systems like mixed co-crystals and core/shell crystals. The Eu¹¹¹ and Tb¹¹¹ complexes were also used as dopant in mesostructured silica materials via an incipient wetness impregnation method leading to homogeneous materials. The photophysical properties these different materials were thoroughly studied and a significant exaltation of the emission was evidenced in the silica. In particular, the influence of the O-X oscillators was explored and determination of the intrinsec quantum yield gave a clearer image on this exaltation. The recyclability of the lanthanide complexes from the material has been proven with high rates. Finally, white light emitting materials were obtained by mixing red, green and blue emitters. The naphthalimide moiety was chosen as blue emitter and white luminescence was successfully obtained in the solid state and for a silica material, representing a first generation of recyclable white light emitting materials based on lanthanide tris-dipicolinate complexes.

Ce travail de thèse porte sur la synthèse et la caractérisation d’élastomères réticulés réversiblement à base de polyisoprène et polybutadiène en vue de leur possible recyclage. Pour se faire, de longues chaines de polydiènes 1,4-cis ont été dégradées de manière contrôlée afin d’obtenir des polymères à faible viscosité. Dans un second temps, ces polydiènes ont ensuite été modifiés chimiquement soit le long ou soit aux extrémités des chaines afin d’obtenir des fonctions réactives de type alcool. Ces fonctions hydroxyles ont ensuite servi de point d’ancrage pour le greffage de fonctions furanes. L’addition d’un composé de type bis-maléimide au polymère liquide a alors conduit à la formation d’élastomère réticulé thermo-réversiblement grâce à la réaction de Diels-Alder entre les groupements furanes et maléimides. Les matériaux ainsi obtenus se comportement comme un élastomère réticulé stable dans une large gamme de température (- 80 °C à + 130 °C). Les propriétés mécaniques de ces élastomères (module de Young, contrainte/élongation à la rupture, module caoutchoutique) peuvent être facilement modulées en modifiant plusieurs paramètres comme la longueur des chaines, la densité de réticulation ou le lieu de réticulation (bout des chaines ou le long des chaines. La recyclabilité des matériaux a ensuite été montrée, aucune perte de propriétés n’a été observée même après 5 cycles de recyclage. Enfin, en changeant le type de liens réversibles par des groupements ureidopyrimidinones (UPy), nous avons observé que le matériel réticulé réversiblement par liaisons hydrogène obtenu possédait une organisation supramoléculaire particulière, induite par l’assemblage des groupements UPy. / This work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of reversibly crosslinked polyisoprene and polybutadiene and their potential recyclability. To this end, long chains of 1,4-cis polydienes have been degraded in a controlled manner in order to obtain telechelic polymers with low viscosity. In a second step, these low molar mass polydienes were chemically modified either along the backbone or at the chain-end of the polymer in order to obtain reactive functions. The thus obtained hydroxyl functions have been used as an anchor point for the grafting of furan functions. The addition of a bis-maleimide compound to the liquid polymer led to the formation of thermo-reversibly crosslinked elastomer thanks to the Diels-Alder reaction between the furan and the maleimide groups. The obtained materials have the behavior of a crosslinked elastomer, stable in a wide temperature range (-80 °C to + 130 °C). The mechanical properties of these elastomers (Young's modulus, strain / elongation at break, rubber modulus) can be easily modulated by modifying several parameters such as chain length, crosslinking density or crosslinking site along the chains. The recyclability of the materials was shown as no properties loss was observed even after 5 cycles of recycling. Finally, by changing the furan groups by ureidopyrimidinone groups (UPy), the reversibly crosslinked material obtained through hydrogen bonds possessed a totally different behavior with a particular supramolecular organization, induced by the assembly of the UPy groups.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:19:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_gct_me_ilha.pdf: 600906 bytes, checksum: e4ab7cd13966a9d96fa25f05183cc4f5 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento para analisar a sustentabilidade econômica do sistema de coleta seletiva de resíduos recicláveis urbanos. Com o intuito de caracterizar o cenário econômico, o objetivo da pesquisa é realizar uma análise de sustentabilidade econômica da coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos urbanos recicláveis. Um estudo de caso foi realizado para a cidade de Votuporanga – SP. Os resultados mostram que o sistema de coleta seletiva analisado apresenta sustentabilidade econômica. O estudo demonstrou também que se a população urbana segregar todos os resíduos recicláveis que são gerados, o custo da coleta seletiva reduz significativamente. Um sistema de coleta seletiva eficiente e eficaz proporciona, além da sustentabilidade econômica, outros benefícios para a sociedade em geral, tais como: ambiental, educacional e social. / This work presents a procedure for analyzing the economic sustainability of the system of selective collection of recyclable waste city. A case study was conducted for Votuporanga city. The results show that the selective collection system has analyzed economic sustainability. The study also showed that the urban population segregate all recyclable waste that are generated, the cost of selective reduced significantly. A selective collection system provides efficient and effective, and economic sustainability, other benefits to society in general, such as environmental, educational and social.

Les matériaux d’oxyde de silice et de titane sont présents dans de nombreux domaines (chimie, environnemental, médical, pharmaceutique, etc.). Le principal problème de ces matériaux concerne les forts coûts financier et environnemental de leur synthèse. Dans ce travail de recherche, l’objectif fut de résoudre cette problématique. Ainsi, une nouvelle synthèse d’oxyde de silice a été élaborée. Ces nanostructures ont été analysées par les méthodes de caractérisation classique en sciences des matériaux (Adsorption volumétrique N2, Analyse Thermogravimétrique (ATG), …). Les propriétés viscoélastiques des milieux réactionnels ont été déterminées par micro-rhéologie. Une stratégie d’élimination de certaines familles de surfactant non ioniques (poloxamères et polyéthoxydes) utilisées comme template dans les synthèses de matériaux mésoporeux à base de silice (SBA-n, MSU-X, …) a été également mise en œuvre. Cette procédure a permis à la fois de récupérer les surfactants et d’obtenir des matériaux aux propriétés physicochimiques remarquables, identifiées par les mêmes méthodes d’instrumentation. Après fonctionnalisation de leur surface, les matériaux lavés semblent plus efficaces en termes d’adsorption de composés organiques que leurs homologues calcinés. Etendu aux oxydes de titane, tout aussi efficace pour éliminer les composés tensio-actifs, le procédé de lavage semble produire à partir d’un pourcentage de TiO2 (> 70 %) des matériaux hautement réactifs en photocatalyse et au pouvoir antibactérien assez élevé. / Silica and titanium oxides are present in many fields (chemistry, environmental, medical, pharmaceutical, etc…). The main problem of these materials concerns the synthesis financial and environmental costs. In this work, the aim was to solve this problem. A new greener silica oxide nanoparticles synthesis was prepared. These nanomaterials have been analyzed by the conventional characterization methods in material sciences (N2 volumetric adsorption, Thermogravitometric Analysis (TGA),...). The viscoelastic properties of the reaction media were determined by micro-rheology. A strategy for the elimination of non-ionic surfactant families (poloxamers and polyethylene oxide) ) used as template in the synthesis of mesoporous materials based on silica (SBA-n, MSU-X, ....) was also implemented. This procedure allowed to recover the surfactants and to obtain materials with remarkable physicochemical properties identified by the same methods instrumentation. After functionalization of the surface, the washed materials appear to be more efficient in terms of adsorption of organic compounds as their calcined counterparts. Extended to titanium oxide, the washing process seems to produce from a percentage of TiO2 (> 70%) highly reactive materials in photocatalysis and with a high antibacterial power.

Les zéolithes sont largement utilisées en catalyse acide, particulièrement en pétrochimie. Toutefois, leur activité n'est pas optimale à cause des limitations diffusionnelles imposées par leur structure microporeuse. Diverses approches ont été proposées pour contourner ces limitations et notamment la préparation des zéolithes mésoporeuses. Après une évaluation industrielle des différentes méthodes rapportées dans la littérature, la première partie de la thèse a été consacrée à la mise au point, la compréhension et l'optimisation d'une procédure de préparation de zéolithes à mésoporosité contrôlée à l'aide d'un agent structurant organique. Nous nous sommes intéressés à la recristallisation de la zéolithe Y qui permet de créer un volume mésoporeux important au sein des cristaux de zéolithe par transformation pseudomorphique. Dans une seconde partie, nous rapportons la première synthèse de zéolithes mésoporeuses à partir d'un agent structurant récupérable et recyclable en conditions douces dans l'eau. En synthétisant un agent structurant thermosensible adapté aux conditions de recristallisation, une mésostructure contrôlée a pu être obtenue au sein de la zéolithe. L'extraction du polymère en solution aqueuse a été optimisée et son recyclage sur quatre cycles de recristallisation a été démontré. / Zeolites are widely used in acid catalysis, especially in petrochemistry. However, their activity is not optimal because of diffusional limitations imposed by their microporous structure. Various approaches have been proposed to circumvent these limitations, including the preparation of mesoporous zeolites. After an industrial assessment of the different methods reported in the literature, the first part of the thesis was devoted to the development, understanding and optimization of a procedure for preparation of zeolites with controlled mesoporosity using an organic structuring agent. We studied the recrystallization of the zeolite Y, which creates a large mesoporous volume in the zeolite crystals by pseudomorphic transformation. In the second part, we report the first synthesis of mesoporous zeolites using a structuring agent recoverable and recyclable under mild conditions in water. By synthesizing a structuring agent adapted to the conditions of thermal recrystallization, controlled mesostructure could be obtained within the zeolite. The extraction of the polymer in aqueous solution has been optimized and recycling of four cycles of recrystallization has been demonstrated.

Submitted by Fernanda Regina Fuzzi null (fernanda_fr8@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-22T20:19:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO FERNANDA REGINA FUZZI PRONTA.pdf: 10498067 bytes, checksum: 0fc95faa0ccc7311ddf614aa58fddb38 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-08-25T12:56:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fuzzi_fr_me_prud.pdf: 10498067 bytes, checksum: 0fc95faa0ccc7311ddf614aa58fddb38 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T12:56:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fuzzi_fr_me_prud.pdf: 10498067 bytes, checksum: 0fc95faa0ccc7311ddf614aa58fddb38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O processo de reestruturação produtiva do capital, decorrente do processo de globalização, foi o responsável por inúmeras transformações no âmbito do trabalho, resultando em desastrosas consequências para a classe trabalhadora, dentre elas cabe destacar: o aumento do desemprego e o trabalho informal. Para muitos dos que se encontraram desempregados e excluídos do mercado formal de trabalho, o que restou foi a prática de atividades informais, como forma de obter renda e de garantir o sustento de suas famílias. Dentre estas atividades informais, cabe destacar uma delas, que consiste no trabalho como catador(a) de materiais recicláveis, trabalho este que é comum observar ser realizado nas ruas, aterros e lixões de inúmeros municípios brasileiros. Por volta da década de 1990 em diante, começaram a ser formados os primeiros empreendimentos econômicos solidários de cooperativas e associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis. E recentemente, é possível observar um crescimento no número destes empreendimentos que, de modo geral, possuem o objetivo de melhorar e legalizar as condições de trabalho dos(as) catadores(as) de materiais recicláveis. Neste contexto, observa-se também que as cooperativas e associações estão se organizando em redes, com o intuito de promoverem o desenvolvimento econômico e social de seus empreendimentos e de seus cooperados e associados. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho consiste em um estudo sobre a Rede Cataoeste, com polo em Assis, São Paulo, Brasil e tem como objetivo geral analisar como ocorre a organização/funcionamento das cooperativas/associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis em rede, com foco na Rede Cataoeste, nos municípios de Assis, Cândido Mota, Maracaí, Palmital, Paraguaçu Paulista e Rancharia, localizados no estado de São Paulo, e quais são as principais vantagens e dificuldades encontradas nesta forma de organização. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, estes foram: levantamento bibliográfico e consultas em websites; seleção, leitura e fichamento das referências encontradas; trabalhos de campo nas cooperativas e associações dos municípios que fazem parte da Rede Cataoeste; análise documental; elaboração e aplicação de questionários; elaboração e realização de entrevistas; sistematização e análise dos dados e das informações e a elaboração do relatório de qualificação e da presente Dissertação de Mestrado. As metodologias utilizadas foram realização de entrevistas e aplicações de questionários. As principais conclusões obtidas através deste trabalho foram que as organizações de cooperativas e associações de catadores de materiais em rede apresentam como principais vantagens o fato de poderem possibilitar: que a comercialização dos materiais recicláveis seja realizada diretamente com as indústrias e empresas de reciclagem, visto que, individualmente muitas cooperativas e associações só conseguem comercializar através de atravessadores; a agregação de valor aos materiais recicláveis através do processamento/beneficiamento de alguns tipos de materiais recicláveis e a participação em editais para conseguirem recursos e equipamentos. Porém, estas redes ainda apresentam algumas dificuldades que podem estar associadas, por exemplo: a logística e à dificuldade para transportar os materiais recicláveis das cooperativas e associações até o local em que será realizada a comercialização e ao fato de que não são todas as cooperativas e associações que participam das atividades referentes à organização, ao funcionamento e a tomada de decisões relacionadas à rede. Ressalta-se que a Rede Cataoeste ainda não está funcionando em sua plenitude, mas que já está sendo realizada a comercialização de alguns tipos de materiais recicláveis em rede e que uma importante conquista desta rede foi ter participado e sido selecionada em editais de projetos para obtenção de recursos financeiros e equipamentos para melhorar sua infraestrutura e o seu funcionamento, bem como, das cooperativas e associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis que a formam. / The process of restructuring productive of capital, resulting from globalization, was responsible for many changes in the work, resulting in disastrous consequences for the working class, among which we highlight: rising unemployment and informal work. For many of those who found themselves unemployed and excluded from the formal labor market, which was left was the practice of informal activities to ensure the livelihood of their families. Among these informal activities, whether highlights one of it, as the of work as collector of recyclable materials, work which is common to observe be performed in the streets, landfills and dumps of several municipalities Brazilians. By the 1990s onwards, begun to be formed the firsts solidary economic enterprises cooperatives and recyclable material collectors associations. And recently, it is possible to observe an increase in the number of these enterprises which, in general, aim to improve and legalize the working conditions of recyclable materials collectors. In this context, it also notes that the cooperatives and associations are organizing in networks, to promote economic and social development of this projects and, consequently, to their members and associates. Given the above, this work is a case study of Cataoeste Network with polo in Assis - São Paulo - Brazil and has as main objective to analyze how the organization/operation of cooperatives/associations of collectors of recyclable materials in the network, focusing on Cataoeste Network, in the municipalities of Assis, Cândido Mota, Maracaí, Palmital, Paraguaçu Paulista and Rancharia, in the state of São Paulo, and what are the main advantages and difficulties encountered in this form of organization. As for the methodological procedures, these were: literature review and consultations on websites; selection, reading and registration of the references found; field work in cooperatives and associations in the municipalities that are part of Cataoeste Network; documentary analysis; elaboration and application of questionnaires; elaboration and realization of interviews; systematization and analysis of the data and the information and the establishment of the qualification report and of the present Master's Dissertation. The methods used were interviews and questionnaires applications. The main conclusions obtained from this work were that the organizations of cooperative and associations of recyclable material collectors in networks presents the main advantages the fact of being able to: that commercialization of recyclable materials is carried with industries and recycling companies, since, individually many cooperatives and associations are able to market only through intermediaries; an aggregation of values to recyclable materials through processing/melioration of some types of recyclable materials and participation in bidding notice for resources and equipment. However, these networks still have some difficulties which may be associated, for example: logistics and the difficulty to transport the materials from cooperatives and associations to the place that the marketing will be held; the issue that are not all the cooperatives and associations are engaged in the participate in activities concerning the organization, functioning and decision-making related to the network. Emphasizes that Cataoeste Network is still not working in its fullest, but that is already being carried out the marketing of certain types of recyclable materials in the network and that a major achievement of network organization was to have participated and been selected in bidding notice of projects to get financial resources and equipment to improve your infrastructure and operation, as well, of the cooperatives and associations of recyclable material collectors that make up this network. / CNPq: 130754/2014-5

Dry abrasive blasting is a commonly used surface preparation operation by many process industries to clean up metallic surfaces and achieve surface finishes suitable for future adhesion. Abrasives used in this process can be recyclable or expendable. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of three recyclable abrasives: garnet, barshot and steel grit/shot in terms of productivity (area cleaned per unit time), consumption (amount of abrasive used per unit area cleaned) and uncontrolled total particulate matter (TPM) emission factors (in terms of mass of pollutant emitted per unit area cleaned and mass of pollutant emitted per unit mass of abrasive consumed). Though there have been various attempts in the past to evaluate the performance of these abrasives, there has not been a streamlined approach to evaluate these parameters in the commonly used range of process conditions, or to identify and model the influences of key process variables on these performance parameters. The first step in this study was to evaluate the performance of these three abrasives in blasting painted steel panels under enclosed blasting conditions and using USEPA recommended protocols. The second step was to model the influences of blast pressure and abrasive feed rate, two most critical parameters on productivity, consumption and emission factors. Two and three dimensional models were obtained using multiple linear regression techniques to express productivity, consumption and TPM emission factors in terms of blast pressure and abrasive feed rate. Barshot was found to have high productivities over all and steel grit/shot demonstrated the least emission potential at almost all of the tested pressure and feed rate conditions. The data will help fill the gaps in literature currently available for dry abrasive blasting performance. The models obtained will help industries, the research community and the regulatory agencies to make accurate estimates of the performance parameters. Estimating productivity and consumption will help industries identify best management practices by optimizing the process conditions to achieve high productivity and low consumption rates. Emission factor determination will help in reducing the emissions to the atmosphere by choosing process conditions corresponding to minimum emissions. The performance parameters once optimized can result in reduction in material, labor, energy, emission and disposal costs, lower resource utilization and hence reduction in overall life cycle costs of dry abrasive process. The developed models will help industries in making environmentally preferable purchases thereby promoting source reduction options. PM emissions estimated using the models presented here will aid studies on health risk associated with inhalation of atmospheric PM.

Estima-se que cerca de 800 mil pessoas vivam da atividade de catação de materiais recicláveis no Brasil. Apenas na cidade de São Paulo existem oficialmente 63 cooperativas de catadores organizados, além de diversos outros grupos e associações. São pessoas que encontraram nos materiais recicláveis uma alternativa para sua manutenção e, mais do que isso, uma nova maneira de se organizar política e coletivamente. Por reconhecer a relevância social e pedagógica de processos de formação entre grupos de pessoas pouco escolarizadas e em situação de maior vulnerabilidade social, procuramos conhecer os espaços de aprendizagem social que se configuram no interior de uma cooperativa de catadores de materiais recicláveis, a Coopere-Centro, localizada na região central da cidade de São Paulo. O objetivo principal da pesquisa foi identificar quais conhecimentos estão presentes no trabalho dos catadores e, por outro lado, quais são suas demandas formativas. De natureza qualitativa, com abordagem etnográfica, a pesquisa empregou técnica de observação participante, com a pesquisadora convivendo e trabalhando com os catadores em suas diferentes funções dentro da cooperativa ao longo de sete meses de coleta de dados. Foram também realizadas três entrevistas semiestruturadas com coordenadores da cooperativa. Identificamos uma série de práticas de letramento, bem como uma atividade profissional complexa, repleta de significados e de valor social e pedagógico no cotidiano dos catadores organizados. Essa complexidade foi categorizada em quatro diferentes dimensões: técnica, coletiva, ambiental e política. Verificou-se que o trabalho na cooperativa de reciclagem, além de gerar renda, traz reflexos positivos na subjetividade dos catadores, em sua autoestima e autoimagem, e os ajuda a construir caminhos de luta por reconhecimento, dignidade e inclusão social. Deste modo, percebemos que trabalhar em uma cooperativa desenvolvendo atividades ligadas à reciclagem se configura em um importante processo educativo para estes sujeitos, porém, gera também demandas formativas que precisam ser atendidas em sua especificidade. / It is estimated that about 800,000 people are involved in the activity of collecting recyclable materials in Brazil. In the city of São Paulo alone, there are officially 63 organized recycling cooperatives, as well as several other groups and associations. These are people who have turned recyclable materials into an alternative for their livelihoods and, at the same time, a new way of organizing themselves politically and collectively. Recognizing the social and pedagogical importance of the formative processes among groups of people with little education and under a vulnerable social condition, this study sought to understand the social learning that occurs within a cooperative of recyclable material collectors, Coopere-Centro, located in downtown São Paulo. The main objective of the study was to identify both the knowledge present in the daily activities of the collectors work and their formative demands. This qualitative research takes an ethnographic approach and its main technique used was participant observation. The seven-month work with the collectors on a daily basis allowed the researcher to produce a field research diary. Also, three semi-structured interviews with the cooperative coordinators were conducted. The research identified not only a number of literacy practices in the everyday life at Coopere but also a complex activity among the organized collectors, characterized by a range of meanings and social/educational values. This complexity was categorized into four different dimensions: technical, collective, environmental and political. It was found that working with the recycling cooperative has brought to its members apart from income generation , a positive impact on their subjectivity, self-esteem and selfimage, helping them to struggle for recognition, dignity and social inclusion. Thus, we come to the conclusion that the activities related to recycling, at a cooperative, configure an important educational process for those people. However, this activity also generates specific formative demands, which need to be fulfilled.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:53:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EDIVALDA PEREIRA DE ABREU.pdf: 644793 bytes, checksum: 8505c590314f2e44e8ecb823f7a6b8ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / Waste, technically is called solid waste, is the principal cause of environmental impact. It is happen when waste is disposed in messy way. In this context, show the work field and way of survive of the lower classes, that expose them in a social exclusion and compromise their health conditions. The aim of this work is to consider the work conditions, the health habit and the health condition of collectores of solid waste recyclable, resident at Vale do Sol, Aparecida de Goiânia, Goías. This research was done through quantitative, descriptive and exploratory methodology. The participants were collectors of solids wastes recyclables, residents at landfill in Município de Aparecida de Goiânia -Go. The data analysed showed was precarious, informal work relation between collectors and the organizations of recycling, besides they were exposed a condition that offers danger. They are victim of prejudice and they were excluded from some socials environment. Therefore, there is a need to widen the individual protection such as work security and introduce suitable way that is technologically to avoid risk when they do this work. The implantation of waste sorting system, even though in neighborhood, will decrease the work accidents risks, will improve its income and quality of the life of all people who get involved in these processes. / O lixo, nomeado tecnicamente de resíduo sólido, é um dos principais causadores de impacto ambiental quando descartado de forma desordenada. Neste cenário, porém evidencia-se um campo de trabalho e sobrevivência para as camadas mais pobres, ainda que as exponha à exclusão social e comprometa suas condições de saúde. Com o objetivo de avaliar as condições de trabalho, os hábitos de vida e condições de saúde dos catadores de resíduo sólido reciclável, moradores do Vale do Sol, Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, esta pesquisa foi realizada, utilizando metodologia quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Os sujeitos em estudo foram constituídos de catadores de resíduos sólidos recicláveis, moradores no entorno do aterro sanitário do Município de Aparecida de Goiânia GO. As entrevistas dos 50 catadores de resíduos sólidos, após assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, foram transcritas na íntegra. Nos relatos cedidos pelos sujeitos em estudo encontram-se registradas a caracterização socioeconômica e demográfica, as condições de moradia, trabalho e saúde, além de seus hábitos de vida. Os dados revelaram relações de trabalho precárias e informais entre catadores e organizações de reciclagem. Estes trabalhadores apresentam-se expostos à periculosidade, são vítimas de preconceitos e excluídos de alguns ambientes sociais. Portanto, há necessidade de ampliar-lhes a proteção individual em termos de segurança do trabalho e implantar maneiras tecnologicamente adequadas de evitar os riscos a que eles estão expostos. A implantação de sistemas de coleta seletiva, ainda que por bairros, diminuiria os riscos de acidentes e aperfeiçoaria os resultados alcançados pelas associações de catadores, melhorando a renda e a qualidade de vida de todas estas populações envolvidas neste processo.