The current study assessed the importance of infant detection of contingency and head and eye gaze direction in the emergence of social referencing. Five- to six-month-old infants’ detection of affect-object relations and subsequent manual preferences for objects paired with positive expressions were assessed. In particular, the role of contingency between toys’ movements and an actress’s emotional expressions as well as the role of gaze direction toward the toys’ location were examined. Infants were habituated to alternating films of two toys each paired with an actress’s affective expression (happy and fearful) under contingent or noncontingent and gaze congruent or gaze incongruent conditions. Results indicated that gaze congruence and contingency between toys’ movements and a person’s affective expressions were important for infant perception of affect-object relations. Furthermore, infant perception of the relation between affective expressions and toys translated to their manual preferences for the 3-dimensional toys. Infants who received contingent affective responses to the movements of the toys spent more time touching the toy that was previously paired with the positive expression. These findings demonstrate the role of contingency and gaze direction in the emergence of social referencing in the first half year of life.

This research systematically investigates the sleeper effect, a counterintuitive phenomenon in which attitudes toward a persuasive message increase in favourableness over time despite the presence of discounting information. The sleeper effect has rarely been researched since criticisms in the 1970s and 1980s concerning relevance and difficulty in demonstrating the effect. Shifts in the consumer environment, however, merit a re-examination of the effect. The paucity of research leaves major gaps in establishing the conditions for existence of the sleeper effect, understanding the underlying mechanisms of the effect, the context in which the sleeper effect may flourish, and other factors with the potential to influence the effect. Recent research suggests self-associations at encoding impacts information processing and attitude change. The research reported in this thesis builds on the latter to develop hypotheses to test the relationships between self-associations and attitudes toward positive and negative information over time. The study adopts a quantitative approach to test the hypotheses using a series of three experiments, each building on one another. The first experiment seeks to find the absolute sleeper effect, and accomplishes this aim. The second experiment investigates the role of implicit self-anchoring on attitudes toward positive and negative information over time, showing that self-anchoring influences self/product identity overlap rather than the transfer of meaning through elaborative associations. The third experiment compares implicit self-anchoring and explicit self-referencing on attitudes toward positive and negative information, and shows that explicit self-referencing produces the associations and dissociations necessary to find the sleeper effect. This study significantly contributes to understanding the sleeper effect, not only by providing evidence for its existence, but by clarifying the mechanisms at work in the sleeper effect process. It distinguishes implicit self-anchoring and explicit self-referencing, and defines two processes in which the self and object interact in memory to influence attitudes. From a practical perspective, it situates the research in the contemporary consumer context, in which positive and negative information regarding products and services is accessible to consumers online. This study demonstrates that negative information can be leveraged to produce positive attitudes.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O infogrÃfico à um gÃnero textual multimodal que ganha expressÃo em avaliaÃÃes de larga escala da educaÃÃo bÃsica, como o PISA e o ENEM. Entretanto, verificamos a pouca participaÃÃo deste gÃnero na esfera escolar, especialmente nos materiais didÃticos, o que indica uma lacuna no tratamento deste gÃnero na escola. Outro indicativo da pouÂca familiaridade dos alunos da educaÃÃo bÃsica com o infogrÃfico à o baixo Ãndice de acertos â apontados pelo PISA, por exemplo â em questÃes que o envolvem. Tendo como norteadores os pressupostos da teoria da ReferenciaÃÃo, tomamos como tarefa a formulaÃÃo de uma proposta didÃtica para a abordagem desse gÃnero multimodal em turmas de Ensino Fundamental. Para esse intento, norteados por Mondada e Dubois (2014), Cavalcante & Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, CustÃdio Filho e Brito (2014), Koch e Elias (2016), Kress e van Leeuwen (1997) investigamos as estratÃgias de construÃÃo referencial e de progressÃo temÃtica mobilizadas pelo infogrÃfico com foco em sua modalidade imagÃtica, a fim de verificarmos se hà regularidades que possam amparar essa proposta. Para a anÃlise do infogrÃfico enquanto gÃnero textual, aliamos aos estudos LinguÃsticos de gÃnero textual (BAKTHIN, 1997), (BAZERMAN, 2009; 2011), (PAIVA, 2008, 2011) estudos da Ãrea da ComunicaÃÃo Social (TEIXEIRA, 2010), (SOJO, 2002) que apontaram uma tipologia aplicÃvel ao ensino. Os aspectos multimodais do infogrÃfico foram verificados pela associaÃÃo dos pressupostos da ReferenciaÃÃo com os pressupostos da GramÃtica do Design Visual (KRESS E VAN LEUWEEN, 1996), como apontada por Cavalcante e Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, CustÃdio Filho E Brito (2014), Oliveira-Nascimento (2014). Trata-se de pesquisa mista, uma vez que mapeou a ocorrÃncia de infogrÃficos dos livros didÃticos de L.P. do ensino fundamental, bem como indicou uma possÃvel categorizaÃÃo, bem como descreveu e interpretou as estratÃgias mobilizadas pelos textos. O exemplÃrio foi constituÃdo por 15 infogrÃficos coletados das coleÃÃes de livros didÃticos de LÃngua Portuguesa aprovados pelo PNLD â 2017 e 3 questÃes do exame PISA. Dentre as regularidades verificadas, (1) apontamos constituintes prototÃpicos fundamentais para o estabelecimento da coerÃncia no infogrÃfico, (2) descrevemos as estratÃgias mobilizadas pelo gÃnero em razÃo da sua multimodalidade, (3) descrevemos as metaestratÃgias que os enunciados referentes aos infogrÃficos no L.D. podem orientar e (4) verificamos a tipologia mais presente em livros didÃticos da disciplina de LÃngua Portuguesa do ensino. A partir desses elementos, elaboramos uma sequÃncia de atividades com vistas à aplicaÃÃo em turmas de fundamental, orientada pela Taxonomia de Bloom (1956). Ademais, sugerimos pesquisas posteriores com a finalidade de ampliar as perspectivas de anÃlise de textos multimodais pelos pressupostos da ReferenciaÃÃo e de formar o professor de ensino fundamental para tratamento didÃtico deste gÃnero. / The infographic is a multimodal textual genre that gains expression in large-scale assessments of basic education such as PISA and ENEM. However, we have found little participation in this genre in the school sphere, especially in didactic materials, which indicates a gap in the treatment of this genre in school. Another indication of low familiarity of elementary school students with infographic is the low hit rate - as pointed out by PISA, for example - in questions that involve it. Having as guiding the presuppositions of the Referencing theory, we took into account the formulation of a didactic proposal as a task for a multimodal gender approach in elementary school classes. For this purpose, guided by Mondada and Dubois (2014), Cavalcante and Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, CustÃdio Filho and Brito (2014), Koch and Elias (2016), Kress and van Leeuwen (1997) we have investigated the strategies of referential construction and thematic progression mobilized by the infographic focusing on its imagetic modality, in order to verify whether there are regularities that can support this proposal. For the analysis of the infographic as a textual genre, we have allied to the linguistic studies of textual genre (BAKTHIN, 1997), (BAZERMAN, 2009; 2011), (PAIVA, 2008, 2011) studies in the Social Communication Area (TEIXEIRA, 2010), (SOJO, 2002) which pointed out a typology applicable to teaching. The multimodal aspects of the infographic were verified by the association of the Referencing and The grammar of visual design presuppositions (KRESS E VAN LEUWEEN, 1996), as pointed out by Cavalcante and Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, CustÃdio Filho and Brito (2014), Oliveira-Nascimento (2014). It is a mixed research, since it has mapped the occurrence of infographic in the L.P. textbooks of the elementary school, as well as indicating a possible categorization, as well as described and interpreted the strategies mobilized by the texts. The sample was consisted of 15 infographics collected from Portuguese textbooks collections approved by PNLD â 2017 and 3 questions from PISA exam. Among the verified regularities, (1) we have pointed out fundamental prototypical constituents for the establishment of the coherence in the infographic, (2) we have described the strategies mobilized by the genre because of its multimodality, (3) we have described the meta-strategies that the statements related to infographics in L.D. can guide and (4) we have verified the most present typology in textbooks of the Portuguese discipline of the teaching. From these elements, we have elaborated a sequence of activities focusing the application in fundamental classes, oriented by Bloom Taxonomy (1956), Furthermore, we have suggested further research with the purpose of expanding the perspectives of multimodal texts analysis by the Referencing presuppositions and to train the teacher of elementary education for didactic treatment of this genre.

Este trabalho tem por finalidade verificar se há utilização de artigos no Crioulo Cabo-verdiano, variedade de Santiago (CCVS), e como são utilizados esses artigos: se há uma sistematização para seu uso, como propõe Bickerton (1981) para todos os crioulos, ou se artigos definidos, indefinidos e Ø (indicando a ausência de artigos ou outros determinantes) são utilizados indistintamente, como sugere Lucchesi (1994a). Nesta pesquisa, foi constatada a ocorrência de artigos em CCVS, podendo-se afirmar que a opção dos falantes pelos artigos, definidos ou indefinidos, ou por Ø, em SN\'s (sintagmas nominais) cujos núcleos sejam substantivos comuns, constitui um fato de variação, na qual Ø é a variável, já que a tendência predominante é a opção por ele em SN\'s (+F) (+O), cuja referência seja conhecida pelo falante e pelo ouvinte, (+F) (-O), cuja referência seja conhecida pelo falante, mas desconhecida pelo ouvinte, (-F) (-O), cuja referência seja desconhecida pelo falante e pelo ouvinte, nas posições de sujeito, objeto e predicativo do sujeito; já os artigos definidos, indefinidos e Ø são variantes combinatórias, já que não houve ocorrências de artigos indefinidos em SN\'s (+F) (+O) na posição de sujeito, assim como não surgiram artigos definidos e indefinidos, na posição de predicativo do sujeito, em SN\'s (+F) (-O) e (-F) (-O). / This work has for purpose to verify if has article use in the Capeverdean Creole, Santiago\'s variety (CCVS), and as these articles are used: if it has a systematization for its use, as Bickerton (1981) considers for all the creoles, or if definite and indefinite articles and Ø (indicating the article absence or other determinative ones) are used indistinctly, at it suggests Lucchesi (1994a). In this research, the article occurrence was evidenced in CCVS, being able itself to affirm that the option of the speaker for articles, definites or indefinites, or Ø, in NP\'s (nominal phrases) whose nucleus are substantive common, constitutes a variation fact, in which Ø is the variable, since the predominant trend is the option for it in NP\'s (+S) (+A), whose reference is known for speaker and for addressee, (+S) (-A), whose reference is known for speaker, but unknown for addressee, (-S) (-A), whose reference is unknown for speaker and for addressee, in the subject, object and predicate; already the definite and indefinite articles e Ø they are variant combinatories, since it did not have indefinite article occurrences in NP\'s (+S) (+A) in the subject posiction, as well as they had not appeared definite and indefinite articles, in the position of predicate, in NP\'s (+S) (-A) e (-S) (-A).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Tereza Cattacini Blois.pdf: 2016172 bytes, checksum: c929b1f60890841b929f3bffdb3feae3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / This study aims to identify and analyze referencing as a strategy in building humor in editorial cartoons. The above mentioned objectives were motivated by the observation of political cartoons regarding the mensalão scandal, in which we found the recurrence of referencing in cartoons creation process, thus revealing the writer s communicative purpose and guiding the reader in the construction of meaning. To achieve our purpose, we built up the corpus of this study with eleven cartoons from the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo, selected between August and October 2012, about the judgment treated by the media as the biggest corruption case in the Brazilian political history, and we proceeded the analysis based on the referencing studies as those performed, today, in the field of texts studies in an interactional sociocognitive perspective as well as on humor studies. In this investigation, we found out that referencing builds the humorous speech through different modalities of language, allowing the construction of the subject in the cartoon review also influencing the meaning effects promoted by the written media. Moreover, we have observed the mensalão - which is the main topic of the cartoons - and we have found out through the present analysis that the subject is classified and reclassified in the discursive activity, in which the politician image is projected, thereby influencing the opinion of newspaper readers / Objetivamos, neste trabalho, identificar e analisar a referenciação como estratégia na construção do humor em charges jornalísticas. Tais objetivos foram motivados pela observação de charges políticas referentes ao mensalão, nas quais encontramos a recorrência da referenciação na produção da charge, revelando assim, o propósito comunicativo do escritor e orientando o leitor na construção de sentido. Para atingir nosso propósito, constituímos o corpus do trabalho com onze charges do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, selecionadas de agosto a outubro de 2012, acerca do julgamento que foi tratado pela mídia como o maior caso de corrupção da história política brasileira, e procedemos com a análise baseando-nos nos estudos de referenciação tal como realizados, hoje, no campo dos estudos do texto, em uma perspectiva sócio-cognitiva interacional bem como nos estudos do humor. Nesta investigação, verificamos que a referenciação constitui o discurso humorístico por meio de diferentes modalidades da linguagem possibilitando a construção do referente na crítica da charge, e influenciando os efeitos de sentidos promovidos pela mídia escrita. Além disso, observamos o mensalão - que é tema das charges e constatamos que, na análise realizada, o referente é categorizado e recategorizado na atividade discursiva, no qual é projetada a imagem do político, influenciando, assim, a opinião dos leitores do jornal

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:53:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Waldiney Correa Martins.pdf: 4287189 bytes, checksum: 30ab4c163c8486672e63972a1cb11d50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Adopting an interactional conception of language, of subject and text, the aim of this study is to observe the strategies of introduction (construction) and resumption (reconstruction) of textual referents (speech objects), in three Official Letters of the nineteenth century, from the city of Castro. I emphasize that these three letters were written by the same subject and show, as theme, the construction of the Jaguaricatu River‟s bridge. Comparing to the physical construction of the bridge, that obviously needs two poles to be built, I consider that language, referencing, subjectivity and identity are also kinds of "bridge", as they need the "other" – another subject – to be manifested. I emphasize that the analysis is done by tracking referential sequences, according to the methodology adopted by Roncarati (2010). I highlight the introduction and resumption of referents, disregarding those which are mentioned just one time. At the same time speech objects are identified, I show how the subjectivity and identity are presented by referencing, as the subject makes choices to attend its communication purposes. These choices can be stylistic marks of social roles, revealing the identities of the subjects. With regard to language, I base on the postulations of Bakhtin‟s group. For referencing, I have Mondada e Dubois (2003), Koch (2008), Koch e Elias (2006, 2009), Marcuschi (2007), among others. With regard to the subjectivity, I have Moita Lopes (1998), Bakhtin (2000). Regarding to identity, I have Hall (1999), Woodward (2000) and Bauman (1998). And about discursive genres, I have relied on Bakhtin (2000) and Bazerman (2006), among other authors that contribute to the study. / Partindo da concepção sociointeracionista de língua, de sujeito e de texto, o objetivo deste trabalho é observar as estratégias de introdução (construção) e retomada (reconstrução) de referentes textuais (objetos de discurso), em três Cartas Oficiais do século XIX, do município de Castro. Ressalto que essas três Cartas foram escritas por um mesmo sujeito e apresentam, como assunto, a construção da ponte sobre o rio Jaguaricatu. Fazendo um paralelo entre a construção física da ponte, a qual, obviamente, necessita de dois polos para ser construída, assumo que a linguagem, a referenciação, a subjetividade e a identidade também são espécies de “ponte”, uma vez que precisam do “outro” – do outro sujeito – para se firmar. Assinalo que a análise é feita mediante o rastreamento de cadeias referenciais, conforme metodologia adotada por Roncarati (2010). Dou destaque à introdução e à retomada dos referentes, desconsiderando aqueles de única menção. Ao mesmo tempo em que são identificados os referentes/objetos de discurso, mostro de que forma a subjetividade e a identidade apresentam-se por meio da referenciação, uma vez que, nesse momento, os sujeitos realizam escolhas para atender aos seus propósitos comunicativos. Estas escolhas podem se constituir como marcas estilísticas definidoras de papéis sociais, revelando as identidades dos sujeitos. Com relação à linguagem, baseio-me, principalmente, nas postulações do Círculo de Bakhtin. Para a referenciação, destaco Mondada e Dubois (2003), Koch (2008), Koch e Elias (2006, 2009), Marcuschi (2007), entre outros. No que diz respeito à subjetividade, parto dos estudos de Moita Lopes (1998) e Bakhtin (2000). Em relação à identidade, baseio-me em Hall (1999), Woodward (2000) e Bauman (1998). E, no que tange aos gêneros discursivos, destaco Bakhtin (2000) e Bazerman (2006), entre outros autores que contribuem para a pesquisa.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Esta dissertaÃÃo possui como escopo a anÃlise das funÃÃes discursivas das recategorizaÃÃes. Este trabalho restringe-se à anÃlise das recategorizaÃÃes lexicais ocorridas por meio de anÃforas diretas, correferenciais. Adotamos a perspectiva teÃrica de que o fenÃmeno pesquisado situa-se na atividade discursiva de referenciaÃÃo, concebida como uma (re)construÃÃo do real, advinda da interaÃÃo entre os falantes, de forma intersubjetiva. Propomos uma classificaÃÃo das possÃveis funÃÃes assumidas pelas recategorizaÃÃes nos diferentes contextos discursivos. Para tal fim, abordamos, inicialmente, a proposta classificatÃria de Cavalcante (2003) dos processos referenciais, entre os quais estÃo inseridas as recategorizaÃÃes. A partir disso, retomamos a anÃlise pioneira de ApothÃloz e Reichler-BÃguelin (1995) sobre as recategorizaÃÃes, bem como discutimos os trabalhos de Tavares (2003) e de Lima (2003), que se baseiam nos dois autores. Contemplamos, fundamentalmente, a sugestÃo de Koch (2004) sobre as funÃÃes cognitivo-discursivas das expressÃes nominais referenciais, que serviram de parÃmetro para nossa proposta de funÃÃes das recategorizaÃÃes. Nosso corpus consta de 80 textos de diversos gÃneros: destes, 62 textos foram por nÃs escolhidos aleatoriamente; a outra parte da amostra à pertencente ao banco de dados do grupo de estudos Protexto/UFC. Com a anÃlise dos dados, averiguamos traÃos funcionais das recategorizaÃÃes, que vieram a compor nossa classificaÃÃo e nos levaram a constatar que as recategorizaÃÃes podem ser multifuncionais nos discursos. (213 palavras) / This dissertation has as a goal the analysis of the discourse functions of the recategorizations. This research was delimited to the analysis of the occurred lexical recategorizations through direct co-referential anaphoras. We adopt the theoretical perspective of that the searched phenomenon is placed in the activity discourse of referencing, conceived as a (re) construction of the reality, happened of the interaction between the speakers, in a intersubjective way. We proposed one classification of the possible functions assumed for the recategorizations in different discourse contexts. For such end, we approached, initially, the classifying proposal by Cavalcante (2003) about referential expressions, that has been used as a base of our functional proposal about recategorizations. From this, we retook the pioneer analysis by ApothÃloz and Reichler-BÃguelin (1995) about recategorizations, and we discussed the works by Tavares (2003) and Lima (2003), based on the two authors. We contemplated, basically, the suggestion by Koch (2004) about cognitive and discourse functions of the lexical referential expressions; in our proposal about recategorizations. Our corpus consisted of 80 texts was taken from different genres: 62 of them were chosen casually. Another part belongs to the bank of data of Protexto/UFC group studies. With the analysis of the data, we inquired functional traces of the recategorizations, that had come to compose our classification and it had taken us to evidence that recategorizations can be multi-functional in the speeches. (219 words)

The purpose of this research study was to investigate the learning of print concepts (PCs) by preschool children at risk for literacy problems using an experimental treatment: explicit, non-evocative print referencing. Children from low socio-economic status (SES) families have been determined to be at-risk for literacy learning problems including a reduced knowledge of print concepts. The study incorporated a multiple group (experimental and control) time series design with persistent insertion of treatment to those subjects who were assigned to the experimental condition. Participants included 25 children at-risk, ages 4:0- 4:11 (years: months) who qualified for pre-school services and for subsidized childcare (low SES). Participants received eligibility pre-testing and a standardized test of print concept knowledge (PCK).The children were randomly assigned to the experimental or control condition. Children in the experimental condition received three treatment sequences of two illustrated story books read to them each day for three days with the adult reader using the experimental treatment of verbal descriptions and gestures to point out PCs. At the end of each treatment sequence the children were tested for PCK. This intermittent testing helped determine which concepts were learned using this treatment and at what level of dosage of the treatment. Children in the control condition were periodically tested for their PCK and only receive the “business as usual” class room references to print. Results of data analysis indicated a significant increase in the learning of print concepts by the children enrolled in the experimental condition compared to those in the control condition and suggested that some print concepts were more easily learned using this intervention than others.

TEIXEIRA, Jeannie Fontes. Estratégias de referenciação em infográficos: contribuições da imagem para a progressão textual. 2016. 249f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-21T16:13:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jfteixeira.pdf: 14472305 bytes, checksum: 985d20cfcaae069afc3c21e7880f7821 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-03T13:30:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jfteixeira.pdf: 14472305 bytes, checksum: 985d20cfcaae069afc3c21e7880f7821 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T13:30:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jfteixeira.pdf: 14472305 bytes, checksum: 985d20cfcaae069afc3c21e7880f7821 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / The infographic is a multimodal textual genre that gains expression in large-scale assessments of basic education such as PISA and ENEM. However, we have found little participation in this genre in the school sphere, especially in didactic materials, which indicates a gap in the treatment of this genre in school. Another indication of low familiarity of elementary school students with infographic is the low hit rate - as pointed out by PISA, for example - in questions that involve it. Having as guiding the presuppositions of the Referencing theory, we took into account the formulation of a didactic proposal as a task for a multimodal gender approach in elementary school classes. For this purpose, guided by Mondada and Dubois (2014), Cavalcante and Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, Custódio Filho and Brito (2014), Koch and Elias (2016), Kress and van Leeuwen (1997) we have investigated the strategies of referential construction and thematic progression mobilized by the infographic focusing on its imagetic modality, in order to verify whether there are regularities that can support this proposal. For the analysis of the infographic as a textual genre, we have allied to the linguistic studies of textual genre (BAKTHIN, 1997), (BAZERMAN, 2009; 2011), (PAIVA, 2008, 2011) studies in the Social Communication Area (TEIXEIRA, 2010), (SOJO, 2002) which pointed out a typology applicable to teaching. The multimodal aspects of the infographic were verified by the association of the Referencing and The grammar of visual design presuppositions (KRESS E VAN LEUWEEN, 1996), as pointed out by Cavalcante and Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, Custódio Filho and Brito (2014), Oliveira-Nascimento (2014). It is a mixed research, since it has mapped the occurrence of infographic in the L.P. textbooks of the elementary school, as well as indicating a possible categorization, as well as described and interpreted the strategies mobilized by the texts. The sample was consisted of 15 infographics collected from Portuguese textbooks collections approved by PNLD – 2017 and 3 questions from PISA exam. Among the verified regularities, (1) we have pointed out fundamental prototypical constituents for the establishment of the coherence in the infographic, (2) we have described the strategies mobilized by the genre because of its multimodality, (3) we have described the meta-strategies that the statements related to infographics in L.D. can guide and (4) we have verified the most present typology in textbooks of the Portuguese discipline of the teaching. From these elements, we have elaborated a sequence of activities focusing the application in fundamental classes, oriented by Bloom Taxonomy (1956), Furthermore, we have suggested further research with the purpose of expanding the perspectives of multimodal texts analysis by the Referencing presuppositions and to train the teacher of elementary education for didactic treatment of this genre. / O infográfico é um gênero textual multimodal que ganha expressão em avaliações de larga escala da educação básica, como o PISA e o ENEM. Entretanto, verificamos a pouca participação deste gênero na esfera escolar, especialmente nos materiais didáticos, o que indica uma lacuna no tratamento deste gênero na escola. Outro indicativo da pou¬ca familiaridade dos alunos da educação básica com o infográfico é o baixo índice de acertos – apontados pelo PISA, por exemplo – em questões que o envolvem. Tendo como norteadores os pressupostos da teoria da Referenciação, tomamos como tarefa a formulação de uma proposta didática para a abordagem desse gênero multimodal em turmas de Ensino Fundamental. Para esse intento, norteados por Mondada e Dubois (2014), Cavalcante & Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, Custódio Filho e Brito (2014), Koch e Elias (2016), Kress e van Leeuwen (1997) investigamos as estratégias de construção referencial e de progressão temática mobilizadas pelo infográfico com foco em sua modalidade imagética, a fim de verificarmos se há regularidades que possam amparar essa proposta. Para a análise do infográfico enquanto gênero textual, aliamos aos estudos Linguísticos de gênero textual (BAKTHIN, 1997), (BAZERMAN, 2009; 2011), (PAIVA, 2008, 2011) estudos da área da Comunicação Social (TEIXEIRA, 2010), (SOJO, 2002) que apontaram uma tipologia aplicável ao ensino. Os aspectos multimodais do infográfico foram verificados pela associação dos pressupostos da Referenciação com os pressupostos da Gramática do Design Visual (KRESS E VAN LEUWEEN, 1996), como apontada por Cavalcante e Brito (2015; 2016), Cavalcante, Custódio Filho E Brito (2014), Oliveira-Nascimento (2014). Trata-se de pesquisa mista, uma vez que mapeou a ocorrência de infográficos dos livros didáticos de L.P. do ensino fundamental, bem como indicou uma possível categorização, bem como descreveu e interpretou as estratégias mobilizadas pelos textos. O exemplário foi constituído por 15 infográficos coletados das coleções de livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa aprovados pelo PNLD – 2017 e 3 questões do exame PISA. Dentre as regularidades verificadas, (1) apontamos constituintes prototípicos fundamentais para o estabelecimento da coerência no infográfico, (2) descrevemos as estratégias mobilizadas pelo gênero em razão da sua multimodalidade, (3) descrevemos as metaestratégias que os enunciados referentes aos infográficos no L.D. podem orientar e (4) verificamos a tipologia mais presente em livros didáticos da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa do ensino. A partir desses elementos, elaboramos uma sequência de atividades com vistas à aplicação em turmas de fundamental, orientada pela Taxonomia de Bloom (1956). Ademais, sugerimos pesquisas posteriores com a finalidade de ampliar as perspectivas de análise de textos multimodais pelos pressupostos da Referenciação e de formar o professor de ensino fundamental para tratamento didático deste gênero.

This material presents the result of a research done in a public school from the RedeEstadual de Alagoas, along with students from the 8th and 9th grades of the Educação de Jovens e Adultos/ EJA (Education for young and adults), and it has as objective to analyze the referencing and the effects of these uses on the text in retextualization of three chapters from Graciliano Ramos‘ work VidasSecas: Mudança, Fuga and Cadeia. Therefore, a didactic sequence was developed with many textual production activities, specifically the retextualizations, for the constitution of the corpus, which analysis is based on authors studies, among others: Koch (2005); Antunes (2005, 2010); Marchuschi (2008); Koch & Elias (2014); Magalhães (2016); Apothéloz (2016); Apothéloz&Chanet (2016); Conte (2016); Francis (2016) and Mondada& Dubois (2016). There were collected 24 texts, of which six were taken to the analysis of the referencing ways. The results reaffirmed the importance of the reflection about referencing in the reading and text writing process by the students, a matter that has to be discussed more frequently in the Portuguese classes planning. Besides, we confirmed, by the work developed in the classroom, a strong advance in the written productions made by EJA students. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa realizada em uma escola pública da Rede Estadual de Alagoas, com alunos dos 8º e 9º períodos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos/EJA, e tem como objetivo analisar as formas de referenciaçãoe os efeitos desses usos no texto em retextualizações de três capítulos da obra Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos: Mudança, Fuga e Cadeia. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma sequência didática com várias atividades de produção textual, especificamente as retextualizações para a constituição do corpus, cuja análise está fundamentada em estudos de autores, dentre outros: Koch (2005); Antunes (2005, 2010);Marchuschi (2008); Koch & Elias (2014); Magalhães (2016); Apothéloz (2016); Apothéloz&Chanet (2016); Conte (2016); Francis (2016) e Mondada &Dubois(2016). Foram coletados 24 textos dos quais seis foram tomados para a análisedas formas de referenciação. Os resultados reafirmam a importância da reflexão sobre a referenciação no processo de leitura e escrita de textos pelos alunos, uma questão que precisa ser discutida mais frequentemente no planejamento das aulas de Português. Além disso, confirmamos, pelo trabalho desenvolvido em sala, um avanço significativo nas produções escritas dos alunos da EJA.