The purpose of this research is to investigate teaching strategies and teaching reflections of an experienced elementary teacher in the mathematical classroom. This study explored the changing process of students¡¦ learning attitudes toward mathematics. This research adopted qualitative research methods as a main means of inquiry and used quantitative questionnaires as a supplement means of inquiry. Researcher had inquired by observations, in-depth interviews, video recordings, document data collections and the pre-post questionnaire survey during one semester. This research used triangulation methods, including methodological triangulation, data triangulation, and investigator triangulation. The research concludes as follows: 1.The experienced teacher delivered the class mainly by lectures and questions, and added other multi-teaching strategies in accordance to the contents of the courses. 2.The experienced teacher has specific steps in mathematical classes: help students calm down

The first part of this thesis proposes a method to synthesize the T- and £S-prototype of band-pass filters using the two reflection zeros and the rolloff rate. According to the characteristics of passive components embedded in different substrates, £S-prototype band-pass filter is suitable for implementation on LTCC substrate, while T-prototype band-pass filter is suitable for implementation on organic substrate. The second part of this thesis employs the £S-prototype to design the LTCC band-pass filters. It has been found that mutual coupling and feedback elements can be used to create the multiple transmission zeros. With these synthesized transmission zeros, the stopband attenuation can be enhanced at several specific frequencies. For demonstration, this thesis implements the LTCC band-pass filters in 2.4 GHz ISM band and 3.5 GHz WiMAX band. The measured results show that insertion loss and return loss in the passband for these LTCC filters is less than 2 dB and more than 10 dB, respectively. In addition, these filters have the additional transmission zeros for enhancing the stopband attenuation. Moreover, miniaturization is also a key issue in implementing these LTCC filters. The 2.4 GHz and 3.5 GHz LTCC filter can meet the standard 1608 size and 2520 size, respectively, which are the smallest compared to the other LTCC filters reported for similar applications in the current literature and commercial media.

A simple and high efficient wet etching technique for fabricating pyramid textures on (100) Si wafer is proposed. Conventionally, pyramid textures were formed on Si wafers to reduce reflections using KOH anisotropic etching. Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) is often added to the solution to abate the bubbling effect caused by hydrogen released form the Si surfaces during reaction. In this study, a metal net with proper opening dimension was used as a shelter to trap the hydrogen from leaving the surfaces of Si, and therefore turns the hydrogen gas into a gas-type etching mask during the anisotropic etching. In this way, pyramid textures with dimensions range from 3µm to 8µm were successfully fabricated. The measured average reflectivity of the texture for incident optical wave length from 400nm to 1000nm is less than 18%.

Colleges and universities throughout this great land are charged with the awesome responsibility of developing our youth into becoming productive, contributing citizens. More specifically, within these colleges and universities, instructors are instrumental in the development of students. Experiential learning, and, more importantly, reflective writing are important components of college instructors? repertoires. Learning is not complete without proper reflection. The purpose of this study was to examine upper-level undergraduate students? perceptions of learning in an agricultural leadership course that emphasized experiential learning methods. Specifically, this study examined student attitudes regarding experiential learning and if students used a surface or deep approach to learning. The respondents to the study included the students enrolled in ALED 340: Professional Leadership Development. This study employed procedures associated with mixed methods research. Within the quantitative portion of this study, the students were required to complete the revised two-factor Study Process Questionnaire pre-intervention and post-intervention. The intervention consisted of teaching strategies associated with experiential learning with an emphasis on reflective writing. Based upon the students? self-reported answers, it was determined that post-intervention scores for the Deep Approach Scale and the Surface Approach Scale were statistically similar to the students? pre-intervention scores. Teaching strategies associated with experiential learning with an emphasis on reflective writing did not have an influence on the way the students approached learning. Within the qualitative portion of the study and as a course requirement, the students were asked to keep a reflective journal. Upon completion of the course, the students were asked to prepare a reflective paper, which served as a comprehensive reflection of the course. Three themes emerged from the students? reflective journals and papers?the students? perceptions of experiential learning, the indicators of a deep approach to learning, and how learning was maximized. In conclusion, the students benefited greatly from receiving instruction associated with experiential learning, and the students did foster a deep approach to learning, regardless of their answers to the revised two-factor Study Process Questionnaire. Reflection completed the learning process for the students enrolled in ALED 340: Professional Leadership Development.

A symbolic image database system is a system in which a large amount of image data and their related information are represented by both symbolic images and physical images. Spatial relationships are important issues for similarity-based retrieval in many image database applications. How to perceive spatial relationships among the components in a symbolic image is an important criterion to find a match between the symbolic image of the scene object and the one being store as a modal in the symbolic image database. With the popularity of digital cameras and the related image processing software, a sequence of images are often rotated or flipped. That is, those images are transformed in the rotation orientation or the reflection direction. A robust spatial similarity framework should be able to recognize image variants such as translation, scaling, rotation, and arbitrary variants. Current retrieval by spatial similarity algorithms can be classified into symbolic projection methods, geometric methods, and graph-matching methods. Symbolic projection could preserve the useful spatial information of objects, such as width, height, and location. However, many iconic indexing strategies based on symbolic projection are sensitive to rotation or reflection. Therefore, these strategies may miss the qualified images, when the query is issued in the orientation different from the orientation of the database images. To solve this problem, researchers derived the rule of the change of spatial relationships in image transformation, and proposed a function to map the spatial relationship to its related transformed one. However, this mapping consists of several conditional statements, which is time-consuming. Thus, in this dissertation, first, we classify the mapping into three cases and carefully assign a 16-bit unique bit pattern to each spatial relationship. Based on the assignment, we can easily do the mapping through our proposed bit operation, intra-exchange, which is a CPU operation and needs only the complexity of O(1). Moreover, we propose an efficient iconic index strategy, called Unique Bit Pattern matrix strategy (UBP matrix strategy) to record the spatial information. In this way, when doing similarity retrieval, we do not need to reconstruct the original image from the UBP matrix in order to obtain the indexes of the rotated and flipped image. Conversely, we can directly derive the index of the rotated or flipped image from the index of the original one through bit operations and the matrix manipulation. Thus, our proposed strategy can do similarity retrieval without missing the qualified database images. In our performance study, first, we analyze the time complexity of the similarity retrieval process of our proposed strategy. Then, the efficiency of our proposed strategy according to the simulation results is presented. We show that our strategy outperforms those mapping strategies based on different number of objects in an image. According to the different number of objects in an image, the percentage of improvement is between 13.64% and 53.23%.

<p>This study contains how pre-school teachers talk about their mission as tutors and their assignments to educate student teachers in relation to the document that contains information concerning practice-based learning. The students are involved in communities of practice regarding pre-schools for children between one year and five years old. The pre-school teachers will share their daily work and pedagogical responsibility in the activities, meaning that the students are expected to show social engagement in interaction between children and adults. When teachers from the University visit the pre-school, the students are supposed to have a lesson or activity with the pupils in the practice class. And afterwards the students, the pre-school teachers and the teacher from University together have a developing discuss about the outcome objectives that the students are supposed to reach during the practice. The teachers from the University are also supposed to serve as a sounding board with whom to discuss ideas. A fundamental idea in the teacher-education in University of Skövde is that the students will be connected to an activity during a longer period. By following the same activity in the pre-school the students get an understanding and confidentiality with the profession. The teacher-education is based on "one foot in practice and one foot in theory". The empirical data is generated through interviews with pre-school teachers who work with children from one to five years old. We have chosen pre-schools in four different communities in the area of Skaraborg. The results of the study show that pre-school teachers are proud of their profession and they are interested in working with student teachers both pedagogical and as a colleague. A concept as collaboration, opportunities, responsibility, and motivation and to believe in future is often expressed by the pre-school teachers when they talk about their work as tutors for the teacher-students. Pre-school teacher’s memories of their own time as teacher-students are very important for their behavior as tutors and the document of practice-based learning, has because of that, not been used as it was meant to be from the University of Skövde, neither by the pre-school teachers nor by students. The result from this study shows that pre-school teacher’s memories, from their own education, are very important in their missions as tutors.</p>

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. / Bibliography: leaves 114-119.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of Physics, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 149 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-124).

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor har ett etiskt ansvar för sina handlingar och bedömningar i vården. Etisk kompetens utgör en del av sjuksköterskans profession. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att undersöka hur den etiska kompetensen hos sjuksköterskan beskrivs. Metod: Denna litteraturöversikt grundas i tolv vårdvetenskapliga artiklar vilka har lästs upprepade gånger. Nyckelfynd har kunnat identifieras avseende den etiska kompetensen hos sjuksköterskan. En sammanfattning av varje studie utfördes för att sedan utmynna i en sammanställning där två huvudteman urskildes. Därefter bildades nya underteman vilka presenterar resultatet. Resultat: I resultatet beskrivs den etiska kompetensen med dess komponenter. Det framkom i resultatet att etiska värderingar ofta underskattas på grund av att sjuksköterskor i högre grad prioriterar medicinska åtgärder, vilket ledde till att god omvårdnad i vissa fall försummades då det tenderade att inte erkännas och därmed inte sågs som något produktivt. Upplevelser av hinder för tillämpning av etisk kompetens förekommer i en majoritet av studierna vilket anses bero på tidsbrist och hög arbetsbelastning. Sjuksköterskor har teoretisk kompetens om vad som är etiskt rätt att göra men omsätter inte alltid denna i det dagliga arbetet. Sjuksköterskor får heller inte möjlighet att lyfta fram etiska frågor i daglig vårdkontext. Sensibiliteten visar sig vara en återkommande aspekt i utövandet av god vård. I flera studier framkommer att det föreligger ett behov av etisk kompetensutveckling. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras med stöd i Lévinas teori om etisk sensibilitet samt konsensusbegreppet vårdande. / Background: Nurses' have an ethical responsibility for their actions and assessment within health care. Ethical competence is part of the nurses profession. Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to examine how nurse’s ethical competence can be described. Method: This literature review is based on twelve scientific articles on nursing that have been read repeatedly and key findings were identified regarding nurses´ ethical competence. Each study was summerized and results concluded two main identified themes. Subsequently, new sub-themes arose where results are presented. Results: The results explain the ethical competence and its components. It appears in the results that ethical values are underestimated because nurses’ seem to value medical priorities higher, which in turn leads to a lack of focus on providing good care because it tends to be unrecognized and therefore not seen as something productive. Perception of barriers for the use of ethical competence appears in a majority of the studies. The main factors identified are lack of time and heavy workload. It was also clear that nurses’ have theoretical knowledge on what is ethically correct but have problems applying this in their daily work. Nurses’ are not given the opportunity to highlight ethical issues in a daily care context. Sensitivity is an important aspect in the practice of giving high quality care. In several studies, the need for further education within ethical nursing was identified. Discussions: The results are discussed on the basis of Lévinas theoretical approach comprising of ethical sensibility, and caring.