This paper utilizes a combination of quantitative text analysis and idea analysis to examine the Swedish Social Democratic Party’s election manifestos. The analysis is conducted from the ideological perspective of reformist socialism where an ideal type of ideological perspective is created and operationalized through quantitative text analysis, identifying frequencies of key ideological expressions. The primary objective of the paper is to comprehensively examine ideological changes within the party during the 21st century. The findings suggest a decreasing ideological stance between 2002-2010 and an increasing ideological stance for 2014 and 2022, however, the results for 2014 cannot be substantiated. Additionally, the paper highlights the party’s consistent ideological focus on education, welfare policies, equality, and inequality. But, despite the persistent concern over growing inequality, there has been a comparatively lesser emphasis on ideological expressions aimed at tackling the issue and there have also been surprisingly few ideological expressions addressing class struggle. Notable ideological shifts include the disappearance of expressions related to justice in 2014, an increased emphasis on democratic control in 2022, and a notable rise in ideological expressions arguing for a stronger welfare state. In conclusion, this paper enhances the understanding of ideological dynamics within the Swedish Social Democratic Party, uncovering notable shifts and trends in ideological expressions over time.

The main purpose of this study is to examine two political parties, the Social Democrats and the Center Party, to see if an ideological convergence have occurred between them during the time period 1990 through 2013. Furthermore, given that ideological convergence has occurred, this study intends to investigate the possible democratic problems that convergence between traditional opposition parties tends to bring about. The main research questions are: - To what extent has ideological convergence occurred between the parliamentary parties the Social Democrats and the Center Party during the period of 1990-2013? - Given that party convergence has occurred, what possible problems can this entail from a democratic perspective? The methodological approach of this study is based on a qualitative comparative text analysis of ideological character. The material that has been studied is the party´s respective idea programs from 1990, 2001 and 2013. This is done in order to investigate whether an ideological convergence has occurred between the parties. The main ideologies that have been analyzed are liberalism, neoliberalism, socialism and democratic socialism. Together with convergence, these constitute the theoretical framework. The study concludes that ideological convergence seems to have occurred between the parties. The study also argues that party convergence between traditional competing parties can lead to a democratic problem, especially in representative democracies such as Sweden. If parties that, from a historical perspective, are seen as opponents to each other converge, this can lead to confusion for the voters and the trust in the political parties risks being damaged.

This essay will address the question of the extent and the way in which the communist ideology is expressed in the left party of Sweden from 1987 until 2016. Before the 1990s, the party was called Left party communists (VPK) in order not to be connected with communism and the Soviet Union and the party had to modernize and become independent, therefore the party had to change their name to left-party (V). This Ideological development has been studied through the ideal type analysis based on the key variables found in the communist ideology and comparing it with the party programs and party leader's speech to answer the main question. It will also present what other left-wing ideologies are expressed and what significance they have had for the party's ideological alignment today.

The purpose of this essay is to determine how the two former prime-minister of Sweden Olof Palme and Stefan Löfven speak of economic equality in their proclamations of government. Furthermore the essay investigates if there has been a shift in socialist ideology between the two prime-ministers from reformist socialism towards the third way. To investigate this the essay analyzed proclamations of government using ideology analysis to find how they spoke of economic equality. Ideal-types were also used to find if parts of their proclamations of government were closer to reformist socialism or third way socialism. In short the essay concluded that both prime-ministers spoke extensively of economic equality, Palme more so than Löfven, furthermore I found that Löfven cloud be considered closer to third way socialism in the area of economic equality. This study is an addition to the field of study on economic equality and the shift towards third way socialism among social democratic parties in Europe.