AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Yuhui Tai, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Mass Communication and Media Arts, presented on October 31, 2013, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: DEVELOPMENT OR DEPENDENCY? THE EMERGING CHINESE CULTURAL-LINGUISTIC TV MARKET AND IDOL TV DRAMA IN TAIWAN AND CHINA MAJOR PROFESSOR: John Downing and Jyotsna Kapur The global expansion of neo-liberalism and the new development of media technology have opened up national TV markets worldwide and the changing structure--a weakened local TV industry, multiple TV channels, and the increasing need for importation--has prepared the historical contingency for the emergence of regional cultural centers. The Chinese regional market based on China, Hong Kong and Taiwan is the most prosperous regional market due to the China hub effect, and it is playing an increasingly important role in world economy. In this research, I examine the formation and the driving forces behind the Chinese cultural-linguistic TV market, the dynamic dialectical global/regional/local relationships, the directions in which these forces push, and the major contradictions between these forces in the context of a global capitalist system. This research indicates that the dominant "cultural proximity" argument tends to naturalize the dominance of the regional cultural center and conceals multiple factors interwoven in the formation process. This research argues that it is important to examine the dialectical relationship between the position of a domestic country in the global capitalist system and its development in the regional cultural market. Second, the confluence of the popular cultural/creative policy and the soft power discourse strengthens the ambition and the competition between different states to pursue the crown of the regional cultural center. Third, the domestic state policy plays a determinant role in the dynamic formation of a regional cultural market. Fourth, the political motivation and manipulation might not be easy to recognize but are influential powers forging the regional cultural market. For example, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) proposed the China-Taiwan TV drama co-production policy near the end of 2007 in order to improve the prospects of Taiwan's pro-China party in the 2008 presidential election in Taiwan. In addition, it is not self-evident to assume that a regional cultural center definitely challenges the existing cultural dominance and that a regional cultural-linguistic market is emancipating. It requires careful examination to scrutinize the power relationships among those societies involved in the regional market to determine whether it increases the cultural diversity in this area. This research examines the power relationship in the Chinese cultural-linguistic TV market and argues the possible existence of dual suppression, in that a member of the regional cultural-linguistic market might simultaneously suffer from the dominance of the global center and the regional center. This research examined the historical development of idol drama in Taiwan and found that the Chinese censorship system has great impact on the production and distribution of cultural products in the Chinese cultural-linguistic TV market. Producers either tend to lower the potential risks by taking a conservative, non-historical approach to making TV drama, or, selling cultural products containing specific cultural odor, such as President Ma Ying-jeou's slogan, "Chinese culture with Taiwan characteristics (Ma, 2011.01.01)." Third, this research analyzes the production mode of idol drama in Taiwan and China from 2000 to 2012 and points out that the Taiwan TV industry has been moving on a dependency road through three phases, with four aspects of dependency. After 2005, some Taiwanese TV producers turned to the secondary export market due to the deepening neo-liberalism and the deteriorating Taiwan TV industry, which impedes its advancement in the regional market. In this stage, the emergence of the first wave of Taiwanese-made Chinese TV drama proved that the combination of the CCP's protectionist policy and a lucrative Chinese domestic market creates magnetic effects and attracts TV workers from the deteriorating region. In the second stage from 2008 to 2010, the CCP's cooptation policy, which encourages Taiwan-China co-produced TV drama, and the Kuomintang's China-centered CCI Policy emphasized the importance of the China market and strengthened the orientation to focus on the secondary export market rather than improve the quality of Taiwanese TV drama and aim at Asia and the global market. In 2010, the CCP denounced the phenomenon of "pseudo China-Taiwan co-produced TV drama," which was the byproduct of the strict Chinese censorship system, and issued a warning against it. It pushed some Taiwanese producers to abandon the Taiwan market and spurred the second wave of Taiwanese-made Chinese TV drama which appeals to Chinese audiences, and lowers or even closes the production business in Taiwan. This research demonstrates the four aspects of the dependency relationship in the Chinese cultural-linguistics TV market, which includes capital, export market, production chain, and cultural products flow. First, sufficient Chinese capital provides the CCP leverage to mold the Chinese cultural-linguistic TV market, purchase resources, and expand its influence into Taiwan society. Second, being the largest TV market in the world makes China an attractive export market, even with strict Chinese censorship. Third, the CCP's cooptation policy and the deteriorating Taiwan TV market gradually make Taiwan TV workers a supplement rather than a force in Chinese TV drama production. Fourth, the exportation of Chinese TV programs, including conventionally weak genres, into Taiwan is increasing. In short, the Taiwan TV industry has suffered from the dual crises of neo-liberalism and the dependency relationship with China, which is making Taiwan a dumping site for regional cultural product exporters, mainly from Korea, China, and Japan.

Capacity remuneration mechanisms (CRMs) are “climbing” regulatory agendas in all liberalised power sectors, especially in the European Union. CRMs are introduced to improve system reliability and to minimise power shortages to an economically efficient extent. These schemes will have a central role in future power systems. This PhD thesis provides an in-depth review of CRM design elements and recommendations to increase their efficiency and effectiveness, particularly in view of the challenges that these mechanisms have to confront in the current power sector environment, characterised by the pursuit of decarbonisation. The attention is focused here on the interaction with regional market integration, the need for properly-designed performance incentives, and the interaction with renewable technologies. The research is based on empirical evidence collected from international experiences, which is complemented, where applicable, by a model-based analysis to examine specific design elements. The outcomes of this PhD thesis can be summarised as follows. The participation of cross-border resources in national CRMs must be guaranteed in order to fully seize the benefits of regional market integration. However, this participation requires a strong commitment from power systems (and governments) in the regional market and the implementation of network codes and market rules that deter system operators from blocking exports when the latter are the outcome of an efficient market clearing. Where short-term markets are coordinated through market coupling, the algorithm must include a conditional nomination rule that ensures that, during regional scarcity conditions, available resources are assigned to those consumers that paid for them in the CRM market. CRMs must rely on robust performance incentives that foster the actual delivery of the committed capacity. High penalty rates may increase the cost of the capacity market, but the overall cost of electricity supply may decrease. Renewable technologies should be allowed to participate in CRMs and should be exposed to the market signals provided by these mechanisms. If renewable and conventional technologies must compete in the same markets, they should do it subject to the same rules. Obviously this participation must be coordinated with renewable support schemes, discounting CRM revenues. / <p>QC 20160411</p>

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-05-31T15:35:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Brenda Sales Meireles de Lemos.pdf: 1735552 bytes, checksum: a9ee2a98a197d1d415d7413106edcb1c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-31T15:35:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brenda Sales Meireles de Lemos.pdf: 1735552 bytes, checksum: a9ee2a98a197d1d415d7413106edcb1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Regionalization is widely studied from geographical point of view when you want to know something about a particular region or economic point of view when you want to cut a region and from this study the aspects of its economy, in scientific circles, however, this theme from the market point of view there is still deepening opportunities. In recent years, we could see the execution of the latter concept being implemented by multinational food in northeastern Brazil, on, this work aims to evaluate consumer behavior in this movement. The economic rise of the poorer classes sparked interest in these companies, who chose this region to gain competitive advantages over its competitors, allowing them to direct its global efforts mercadológicos acting locally. To meet the proposed objective, we conducted a survey applying questionnaire with one hundred sample and fifty consumers belonging to the CDE classes in the city of Recife / PE, to reach this consumer profile, selected among the three poorest districts of the city and these They were addressed in the neighborhood grocery randomly selected for the sample. The result is that the vast majority of consumers buy quality products, often products of the multinationals themselves, but do not consume the regionalized products introduced to the market by these companies. The conclusion obtained in this research allows us to understand that the regionalization strategy planned and executed by the multinational research participants food is not reflecting consumer preference for buying and even the memory of their brands as their favorite. / A regionalização é amplamente estudada do ponto de vista geográfico quando se deseja conhecer algo acerca de uma região específica ou do ponto de vista econômico quando se deseja recortar determinada região e a partir desta estudar as vertentes de sua economia, no meio científico, contudo, este tema do ponto de vista mercadológico ainda se verifica oportunidades de aprofundamento. Nos últimos anos, pudemos perceber a execução desse último conceito sendo implementado por multinacionais de alimentos na região Nordeste do Brasil, diante disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a comportamento do consumidor diante desse movimento. A ascensão econômica das classes mais pobres despertou interesse nessas empresas, que escolheram essa região para obter vantagens competitivas frente a seus concorrentes, permitindo-as direcionar seus esforços mercadológicos globais atuando de forma local. Para responder ao objetivo proposto, realizamos uma pesquisa aplicando questionário com uma amostra de cento e cinquenta consumidores pertencentes às classes CDE, na cidade de Recife/PE, para alcançar esse perfil de consumidor, os selecionamos dentre os três bairros mais pobres da cidade e estes foram abordados nos mercadinhos de bairro sorteados para a amostra. O resultado obtido é que a grande maioria dos consumidores adquirem produtos de qualidade, muitas vezes produtos das próprias multinacionais, porém não consomem os produtos regionalizados lançados para o mercado por estas empresas. A conclusão obtida nessa pesquisa permite entender que a estratégia de regionalização planejada e executada pelas multinacionais de alimentos participantes da pesquisa não está refletindo no consumidor a preferência de compra e nem a lembrança de suas marcas como sendo suas preferidas.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present work had as main objective the identification of the composition and supply chain management of horticulture products, meat and derivatives, milk and derivatives in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. Specifically, it characterized the supply chain of the products in the retail networks of the region, it identified the strategies of the retail networks, as well as the mechanisms of coordination existing and used by the networks, and, once there are these data, it objectified, also, evaluating the perspectives on inserting the agricultural producers of the region in this productive circuit. For the execution of the multiple cases study, the representatives of the retail networks of the region were interviewed to find out: the more important competitive criteria for inserting them in the circuit; what agents do the negotiations; what are the mechanisms that co-ordinate the transactions between the retail and its suppliers. Was conducted, also, a survey with the producers to know how many agricultural units of production in the region work with the products of interest researched, as well as the analysis of the agrarian structure, product quality, scale of production, commercialization and competitive criterion they believe are the more important for its insertion in formal circuits of commercialization. It could be concluded from the different analyzed panoramas that the retail networks do not possess legalized mechanisms of coordination together with its suppliers for distinct situations. Taking into consideration the networks themselves, it is remarkable the phenomenon of mimicry isomorphism from small networks to the big ones. Finally, in the scope of agricultural producers, it is remarkable that they face different kinds of problems for accessing the retail networks. It is clearly that the producers lack of professionalism is the main impediment for reverting the panorama. Adaptations that conduct them to production scale, logistic of supplying and after-sale works are crucial to obtain an allocation in formal circuits of commercialization. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo central a identificação da composição e gestão da cadeia de suprimentos de hortigranjeiros, carne e derivados, leite e derivados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Especificamente, se caracterizou as cadeias de suprimentos dos produtos nas redes varejistas da região, se identificou as estratégias das redes varejistas, bem como os mecanismos de coordenação existentes e utilizados pelas redes, e, de posse desses dados, se objetivou, também, avaliar as perspectivas de inserção dos produtores rurais da região neste circuito produtivo. Para a execução do estudo de casos múltiplos, se realizou entrevistas junto aos representantes das redes varejistas da região para o levantamento dos critérios competitivos mais importantes para que os produtores se insiram no circuito, com que agentes as negociações são feitas e quais mecanismos coordenam as transações entre o varejo e seus fornecedores dos produtos em questão. Do lado dos produtores se fez um levantamento das unidades de produção agrícolas da região que trabalham com os produtos de interesse da pesquisa, bem como a análise da estrutura fundiária, qualidade dos produtos, escala de produção, comercialização e critérios competitivos que os produtores julgam diferenciados para sua inserção em circuitos formais de comercialização. Pôde-se concluir através dos diferentes panoramas levantados que as redes varejistas não possuem mecanismos de coordenação formalizados com seus fornecedores por situações distintas. Em se tratando das redes de varejo em si, se nota um fenômeno de isomorfismo mimético das redes de menor porte para com as redes de maior porte. Por fim, no âmbito dos produtores rurais, se nota que enfrentam problemas de diferentes naturezas para acessar as redes varejistas. Fica claro que a falta de profissionalismo por parte dos produtores é o principal entrave para que o panorama se reverta, adaptações que os levem a escala de produção, logística de abastecimento e serviços de pós-venda são cruciais para que consigam uma alocação em circuitos formais de comercialização.

In several countries the creation of technology parks is growing, with the aim of reproducing the appropriate conditions for the development of innovations, as necessary for the sustainability and competitiveness of firms and nations. In Santa Maria, a new technological park is being built up by the Federal University of Santa Maria, in partnership with the City and to the World Bank, and important local institutions. It is necessary, therefore, that the company return their interests to the success of this venture, aiming to contribute to its success. In addition, this research takes as problem investigate how the market dynamics local and regional of Santa Maria can influence the performance of companies of technological base located in the mentioned venture. Making use of literature and empirical data were collected through a questionnaire, it was observed that the bearing capacity and competitiveness of technology-based enterprises can be influenced by the opportunities for experimentation product reviews and feedbacks of the local and regional market, and that industries the region are open to providing innovative solutions for their businesses. / Em vários países a criação de parques tecnológicos vem crescendo, com o objetivo de reproduzir as adequadas condições para o desenvolvimento de inovações, tão necessárias à sustentabilidade e a competitividade de empresas e nações. Em Santa Maria, RS, um novo parque tecnológico vem sendo construído, instituído pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em parceria com a prefeitura e com o Banco Mundial, além de importantes instituições locais. É necessário, portanto, que a sociedade volte seus interesses para o êxito deste empreendimento, envidando esforços para contribuir com seu sucesso. Em face disso, esta pesquisa toma como problema investigar como a dinâmica do mercado local e regional de Santa Maria pode influenciar o desempenho das empresas de base tecnológica instaladas no referido empreendimento. Fazendo uso de pesquisa bibliográfica e de coleta de dados empíricos, através de questionário, foi possível observar que a capacidade de sustentação e competitividade dos empreendimentos de base tecnológica pode ser influenciada pelas oportunidades para experimentação de produtos, avaliações e feedbacks do mercado local e regional, e que as indústrias da região estão abertas à oferta de soluções inovadoras para seus negócios.

Durante mi niñez y hasta la actualidad he estado vinculada con el trabajo de mis padres, ellos laboran en el mercado plaza villa sur de villa el salvador, siempre pensé en mejorar su lugar de trabajo, hacerlo atractivo y agradable tanto para los usuarios como para los trabajadores. En esta búsqueda empecé a interactuar con los trabajadores del mercado y con las actividades que realizaban, encontrando puestos que ofrecen productos oriundos de otros departamentos del Perú, y no solo eso, sino que también se han ido implementado puestos donde venden comidas típicas de la selva, sierra y la costa del Perú, además se incorporaron danzas folclóricas en su aniversario como una atracción para los consumidores y a la vez organizan fiestas patronales, todos estos cambios y características generaron necesidades espaciales y organizacionales. Es por ello que decidí diseñar un mercado que pueda cumplir con todas esas carencias, adicionando la esencia del lugar y sus habitantes, pues villa el salvador nace de una migración provincial esto genero una diversidad cultural que ha perdurado en el tiempo y que se ve proyectada en las calles, su comida, las creencias religiosas, las actividades costumbristas y en conjunto en los mercados. Gracias a esta investigación pude diseñar un mercado con esencia del lugar, cumpliendo con los espacios necesarios para sus actividades costumbristas, ofreciendo los diversos productos nativos y gastronomía de distintas regiones del Perú, y promover la diversidad cultural regional como un atractivo para el mercado. / During my childhood and until today I have been linked to the work of my parents, they work in the market plaza villa sur de villa el salvador, I always thought of improving their workplace, making it attractive and pleasant for both users and users. workers. In this search I began to interact with the market workers and with the activities they carried out, finding stalls that offer products from other departments of Peru, and not only that, but also stalls where they sell typical jungle foods have been implemented. , Sierra and the coast of Peru, also incorporated folk dances on its anniversary as an attraction for consumers and at the same time organize festivities, all these changes and characteristics generated spatial and organizational needs. That is why I decided to design a market that can meet all these deficiencies, adding the essence of the place and its inhabitants, because Villa El Salvador was born from a provincial migration, this generated a cultural diversity that has lasted over time and is projected in the streets, their food, religious beliefs, customs activities and altogether in the markets. Thanks to this research, I was able to design a market with the essence of the place, complying with the necessary spaces for its traditional activities, offering the various native products and gastronomy from different regions of Peru, and promoting regional cultural diversity as an attraction for the market. / Tesis

The dissertation is about a community made up of settlers. Nova Ramada is determined by an intensive agricultural production work force constituted by the family. The presence of this new core in a given spatial municipal spatial circumstances has caused profound changes on the current rural landscape. The constituted social set has met, over twenty years, different times of economic production and social reproduction, moments that solidified the socioeconomic relations and contributed to the change in food production and its availability in the urban city, by offering new products and ensuring the supply of the urban population; moreover, promoting the emergence of initiatives that transform the products both in rural as in urban areas. At first, the need to produce to survive and obtain additional income secured forms of subsistence production and the market. Today, the option is to produce to achieve higher productivity gains through specialization. The use of added work on land and in complementary activities takes place incorporating technological mechanisms, with the use of machinery and planting techniques, seed and soil management. This production model, which guides the agricultural activities, has allowed transformations of the rural landscape. Today, Nova Ramada can be considered a place made up of family farmers, with intensive and diversified production, technology aggregator and serving the local market, and even to a regional level, promoting behavioral changes of the urban market and the local consumer society. / A dissertação trata de uma comunidade constituída por assentados. Nova Ramada se determina por uma produção agropecuária intensiva de trabalho constituído pela força familiar. A presença deste novo núcleo em uma dada espacialidade municipal causou profundas transformações espaciais determinadoras da atual paisagem rural. O conjunto social constituído conheceu, ao longo de vinte anos, diferentes momentos de produção econômica e reprodução social, momentos que solidificaram as relações socioeconômicas e contribuíram para a alteração da produção alimentar e sua disponibilidade no conjunto municipal urbano, através da oferta de novos produtos e garantindo o abastecimento da população urbana além de promover o surgimento de iniciativas transformadoras dos produtos quer na zona rural como na urbana. Nos primeiros tempos, a necessidade de produzir para a sobrevivência e obtenção de renda adicional garantiu formas de produção de subsistência e para o mercado. Hoje, a opção maior é a de produzir para alcançar ganhos de produtividade por meio da especialização. O emprego do mais-trabalho na terra e nas atividades complementares se realiza, hoje, incorporando mecanismos tecnológicos, com o emprego de máquinas e de técnicas de plantio, sementes e manejo do solo. Este modelo de produção, que norteia as atividades agrícolas, tem permitido transformações da paisagem rural. Hoje, Nova Ramada pode ser considerada uma ruralidade constituída por agricultores familiares, na forma de produtores familiares, com produção intensiva e diversificada, agregadora de tecnologias e atendendo ao mercado local e até regional, promotora de mudanças comportamentais do mercado urbano e do consumo da sociedade local.