This thesis aims to analyse two institutes of family law - registered partnership and adoption. This paper endeavours to understand the historical consequences connected with the adoption of the Registered Partnership Act in 2006 and compares the legislation of these institutes with 35 other European countries. By using a predominately analytical method the thesis strives to predict the direction of Czech legislative changes. This follows in light of the recent annulment of certain discriminatory aspects of the Registered Partnership Act. The analysis takes into consideration recent precendents made by the European Court of Human Rights.

The purpose of this study was to describe Registered Nurses’ attitudes toward death and their perspectives on education and training related to death and end-of-life patient care. A complementary goal was to determine whether nurses’ attitudes and perspectives are associated with background variables. The three attitudes toward death included anxiety, escape, and neutral attitudes. The background variables of the nurses included formal educational level, age, gender, ethnicity, years of nursing practice, state of residence, and area of nursing practice. A survey including four sections was used for data collection. The first section of the survey utilized an established 32-item survey based on the Death Attitude Profile Revised survey developed by Wong, Reker, and Gesser in 1994. The questions asked how nurses felt about the topic of death. The second section of the survey was about the extent of palliative care education and training, while the third section was concerned with the demographics of the respondents. Part four of the survey included two open-ended questions regarding attitudes toward death and how prepared respondents felt in meeting their patients’ end-of-life needs. The survey was sent to state nurses’ associations across the United States in 2015. Survey Monkey was the link for the survey and it was opened for a three-week period. The original responses totaled 248 participants. Responses with any missing values were excluded. The final dataset included 167 total responses. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to determine the association between the variables of interest. The results of the study were most significant in relation to anxiety toward death. Nurses who were more experienced on the job, female, and with more formal education had lower anxiety levels, as did nurses with a higher confidence level in dealing with death. For the neutral attitudes, the best predictor was the rating of the nurses’ end-of-life preparation. The best predictor of the escape attitude was years of nursing experience. The results supported the need for college level end-of-life education and the significance role of nursing experience in relation to less anxiety towards death. The surprising result was that post-college end-of-life education actually increased the anxiety attitude toward death. More research is needed to ascertain if these results could be replicated. There is a need to determine what type of post-collegiate education would decrease death anxiety in nurses.

During the past years in Sweden, there has been a lack of staff within the nursing profession. Due to that the employer may demand more of the employee than what usually is requested. This scenario can lead to work-related stress. What happens when the employer forces the staff to work so that the patient safety and that the registered nurse’s certification is put at risk? The purpose of the essay is to investigate what professional certification means within healthcare, what the legal value is in the certificate, and what the consequences can be with a management that does not observe stressors. The method being used is the legal dogmatic method together with a sociology perspective. Certification professions guarantee a specific qualification and knowledge provided for the profession. Abuse of this can lead to recall of the certification. The employers’ management is strong. Also, because of the nurse’s special liability relationship with the patient, it is almost impossible to abstain from the work one is being assigned. This relatively small opportunity to affect their working situation can lead to stress due to powerlessness. It is hard for employees to claim stress as a factor for a negative event to occur. Staff management can be identified as a system error which trigger a stressor and because of that patient safety and the certification is put at risk. But, management is a very important part of Swedish labour law and should preferably not be touched. National and international actors work for that through notice, routines and technical facilities build a safety system against human faults and for patient safety to be guaranteed. But, management is identified to be the most critical system error.

Minimal educational requirements for Registered Dietitians (RDs) include a bachelor’s degree and practice program. Recently, a master’s degree was recommended. Studies have not established whether education affects employment. A secondary analysis of 2005 Dietetics Practice Audit data determined whether job responsibility, individuals supervised, and activities differed between 1,626 bachelor’s RDs (B-RDs) and 767 master’s (M-RDs) RDs, registered ≤5 years. Chi-square and ANOVA analyzed differences between B-RDs and M-RDs, at entry-level (0-3 years experience) and beyond-entry-level (3+-5 years experience). Beyond-entry-level B-RDs (31.8%) and entry-level M-RDs (31.9%) reported “supervisor/executive” responsibility more than entry-level B-RDs (26.5%; p=0.01). A higher percentage of M-RDs supervised (29.2%) than B-RDs (24.7%; p=0.02); however, B-RDs supervised more individuals (7.38 ± 4.89) than M-RDs (6.25 ± 4.87; t=2.32; p=0.021). A master’s degree has limited benefits; experience may affect responsibility, individuals supervised, and activities more than education.

Registered Nurse (RN) turnover is costly for hospitals and healthcare facilities. The problem that healthcare administrators face today is their inability to retain nurses for long periods of time and the detrimental effects that come from the lack of retention. The purpose of this quantitative secondary data analysis is to explore the relationship between the retention of RNs and the geographic regions in which they work. The theoretical framework for this study was Barney's concept of viewing people as resources. Deidentified secondary data of RNs was utilized from the Healthforce Center at the University of California San Francisco to probe differences in retention rates between full-time and part-time RNs and the differences in retention rates between new graduate and specialty RNs in California geographic regions. The data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical techniques to perform a t test of independent means. As a result, it was determined that there was no significance in geographic regions in California influencing the retention rates of full and part-time RNs neither was there a significant finding that geographic regions in California influence the retention rates of new graduate RNs or specialty nurses. It was concluded that the retention of RNs is determined by how well they are maintained and managed. A recommendation would be to investigate retention strategies that create longevity among RNs. This study can contribute to positive social change by having a cohesiveness that builds trust and creates a better work environment and positive outcomes for healthcare facilities which will reduce overall cost.

Bakgrund: Den vanligaste kroniska sjukdomen bland äldre människor i hela världen är demens. Vård och omsorg på ett boende för människor med demens kräver kompetens och erfarenhet. Dessutom är sjuksköterskans uppdrag att vara en ledare inom omvårdnad och hälso- och sjukvård. Syfte: Arbetets syfte är att belysa sjuksköterskans ledarskap på boende för personer med demens.Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie innehållande tio studier med kvalitativ ansats. Databaserna PubMed, CINAHL, SveMed+ användes för sökning av vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarnas kvalitet granskades med hjälp av modifierad SBU:s (2018) granskningsmall. Analysen av samtliga vetenskapliga artiklar utgick utifrån Forsbergs och Wengströms (2013) beskrivning av innehållsanalys.Resultat: Sjuksköterskans ledarskap är ett komplext mångbottnat fenomen. Tio huvudkategorier identifierades inom ämnet: handledning och styrning, kunskap, etik, undervisning, kommunikation, teamarbete, hinder, stöd, vårdkvalitet och vårdmiljö.Konklusion: Mer uppmärksamhet till sjuksköterskans ledarskap behövs. Fördjupad kunskap inom ledarskap är nödvändig för succesivt arbete och sjuksköterskans status. / Background: In the world dementia is the most common chronic disease among older people. Competence and experience are essential for providing care and ward in residential facilities for people with dementia. Nurses mission is to be a leader in nursing and healthcare.Aim: The aim of this paper is to describe nurse’s leadership in nursing home for people with dementia.Method: A qualitative literature review consisting ten research articles with qualitative approach. PubMed, CINAHL and SveMed+ databases were used for research. Articles were quality reviewed according to modified SBU’s quality template. Content analysis as described by Forsbergs and Wengströms (2013) was used for analysis. Result: Nurse’s leadership is a complex, multicomponent phenomena. Ten main categories of the subject were identified: coaching and guiding, skills, ethics, education, communication, teamwork, obstacles, support, quality of care and care environment.Conclusion: More attention is needed for nurse’s leadership. More research on nurse’s leadership, deeper knowledge in this area is needed for successful work and increasing of nurse’s status.

This study examined the effectiveness of a training program on the ability of registered nurse students to write complete nursing diagnoses. A comparison group was used as a control. There were 47 participants in the training group and 51 participants in the comparison group who received no training. Five hypotheses were used to examine the (1) complete nursing diagnoses, (2) labels, (3) clarifiers, (4) etiologies, and (5) mislabeled medical diagnoses or clinical problems as nursing diagnoses. As a pretest and posttest, participants in both groups viewed a video tape of a nursing situation and were asked to write nursing diagnoses. The training group received nine clock hours of classroom instruction on the nursing process of which three hours were on nursing diagnosis with a focus on the inclusion of label, clarifier, and etiology necessary for a complete nursing diagnosis. In the clinical component of the educational program the training group wrote nursing diagnoses as part of the nursing process. It was assumed that the comparison group did not receive comparable education. The mean difference of proportions between the pretest and posttest was computed for each group on the item tested by the hypotheses and for the difference between the two groups. Three of the five hypotheses tested in the study were accepted. The training group did have a significant increase in the average (mean) difference of proportions in the number of complete nursing diagnoses and etiologies and a significant decrease in the number of mislabeled nursing diagnoses. There was no significant difference in the number of labels and clarifiers. The training group did show a percentage increase in the number of labels and clarifiers written. There was little or no change in the comparison group over the time period of the study.

Business of foreign persons through a registered branch Abstract The thesis presents a description and analysis of legal aspects related to the issue of business of foreign persons through a registered branch and identifies related problems, either those purely at the level of legal theory or those that occur in practice. The knowledge gained through the description and analysis is then used to make a comparison between the business of a foreign person through a registered branch and the business of a foreign person through an ownership interest in a limited liability company. In the first part of the thesis, the definition of basic terms is first performed, especially of the term foreign person. Furthermore, this part of the thesis describes a valid legal regulation of conditions of business of foreign persons in the Czech Republic according to public law regulations, with a focus on foreign legal persons. In the last chapter of the first part of the thesis selected ways of doing business of foreign persons in the Czech Republic are presented, especially with the aim of introducing these ways of doing business as alternatives to doing business through a registered branch. The second part of the thesis deals with the institute of the registered branch and does so with the aim of defining its essential...

A better understanding of task allocation for the registered nurse (RN) within the scope of the multidisciplinary care team model is required. Patients, healthcare staff, and medical facilities that utilize RNs in multidisciplinary care teams will benefit from improved role identification. A multidisciplinary care team consists of a variety of health care professionals and without role identification, confusion, miscommunication, and negative patient outcomes can occur. A literature review demonstrated that a gap in knowledge existed related to task allocation and role identification of RNs within a multidisciplinary care team. The purpose of this study was to evaluate RNs’ scope of practice within a multidisciplinary care team of an acute care medical center and identify a new theory regarding RNs’ perceptions of their role. A grounded theory approach was used to explore and reveal these perceived role identifications through the lens of the accountability theory. The research questions and the guided interview explored RNs’ self-perceived role identifications that have shaped RNs’ expectations of their scope within the multidisciplinary care team model. The results found nurses to be experts of patient care and that the nursing role has a 24/7 responsibility while being the closest, most personal role to the patient, thus, the RN feels accountable for all the needs to the patient, even if the needs or actions are outside of the nursing assigned role or tasks. From these results emerged a new theory, the perpetual accountability theory. Identified recommendations regarding RNs’ roles and their utilization within the multidisciplinary care teams allow a positive social change of greater success at delivering best practices and optimum patient outcomes.

Background: Fatigue is one of many causes which lead to sick leave among nurses. The causes, symptoms and consequences of fatigue are complex. The responsibility of a nurse to itself and society could be jeopardized if there’s a lack of adequate coping strategies. To anchor the findings of this study coping was used as a theoretical framework.   Aim: To describe experiences in the nurses’ work that lead to fatigue.   Method: Literature review with a qualitative design and inductive approach. Results: Two main themes were identified followed by six subthemes. The main themes were inside the workplace and the nurse’s emotions. The subthemes were a heavy workload, colleagues’ influence in the workplace, stress from several directions, the relationship between nurse and patient, not being enough and finally overwhelming emotions and insecurity. Conclusion: Many situations in nursing lead to fatigue. The development of fatigue is related to both work itself and the nurses’ feelings. Different strategies are used to cope with fatigue. / Bakgrund: Utmattning är en av många orsaker till att sjukfrånvaro ökar bland sjuksköterskor. Utmattningens orsaker, symtom och konsekvenser är komplexa. Sjuksköterskans grundläggande ansvar mot sig själv och samhället kan äventyras om adekvata copingstrategier saknas. Coping är det teoretiska ramverket för att förankra fynden.   Syfte: Beskriva upplevelser i sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsarbete som leder till utmattning.   Metod: Litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ design och induktiv ansats. Resultat: Två huvudteman och sex subteman identifierades. Huvudtemana var inom arbetsplatsens väggar och sjuksköterskans känslor. Subtemana var en tung arbetsbörda, kollegors påverkan i arbetet, stress från flera håll, relationen mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten, att inte räcka till samt överväldigande känslor och osäkerhet. Slutsats: Flera situationer i omvårdnadsarbetet leder till utmattning. Både arbetet i sig och sjuksköterskans egna känslor kan relateras till utvecklingen av utmattning. Olika strategier används för att hantera utmattningen.