Training Needs Analysis (TNA) is often considered the most important step among the stages in the training cycle and, therefore, should precede any training intervention. However, in spite of the importance of TNA, the literature contains little empirical work on the topic. This study investigates the current practice of TNA within the Abu Dhabi Police (ADP), in order to identify the different barriers to its effective implementation, and to develop a suitable framework that can not only be applied to the Abu Dhabi Police, but also has wide applicability to other public sector organisations. Four areas are examined, these being: current practices of TNA, training decisions, effectiveness of TNA, and the barriers to its implementation. The study adopts a phenomenological approach, using inductive qualitative data in the main. The research population is categorised into three groups: a) policy-makers, top management, and academics, b) trainers, and c) trainees. In total, 51 individuals from the ADP are interviewed. The results show that TNA in the ADP is generally conducted formally on a regular basis. To a certain extent, all the methods are in use by the ADP in identifying its training needs, and the overall perceptions of the respondents regarding TNA practices are high. However, the study has identified some barriers to the implementation of effective TNA practices in the ADP. It is to be noted here that lack of expertise of the trainers; nepotism, kinship and personal relations between the supervisors and the employees, disrupt the training selection process in the ADP. Based on the findings this study has suggested some recommendations. This study hopes to contribute to, and extend, the body of knowledge on TNA by developing a novel, holistic conceptual framework, which provides general guidelines for TNA practitioners in the public sector of the UAE to ensure the successful and effective implementation of TNA. Additionally, it will contribute to the body of knowledge of TNA in the Middle East generally, and TNA in the Middle Eastern public sector, being the first exploratory empirical study conducted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as far as the author believes.

This study attempts to investigate one of the most cited reasons for the failure of organisational change efforts: individual resistance to change. It also seeks to determine what personal manifestations need to exist in order for an organisation to adequately establish the extent to which a proposed change effort will yield a successful outcome. This was evaluated through the job constructs of communication, job-insecurity, participation, procedural justice and trust. The research also Management and Change Agent roles within the change process to determine whether this had an impact on the individual change experience at a cognitive and behavioural level. In a South African Motor Manufacturing company data was obtained from 306 respondents. The findings clearly indicate that a positive experience of the job constructs is likely to result in positive individual change which will result in a successful implementation and sustainability of the change initiative.

This study attempts to investigate one of the most cited reasons for the failure of organisational change efforts: individual resistance to change. It also seeks to determine what personal manifestations need to exist in order for an organisation to adequately establish the extent to which a proposed change effort will yield a successful outcome. This was evaluated through the job constructs of communication, job-insecurity, participation, procedural justice and trust. The research also Management and Change Agent roles within the change process to determine whether this had an impact on the individual change experience at a cognitive and behavioural level. In a South African Motor Manufacturing company data was obtained from 306 respondents. The findings clearly indicate that a positive experience of the job constructs is likely to result in positive individual change which will result in a successful implementation and sustainability of the change initiative.

This project investigates applications of GIS and remote sensing to advance the hydrological understanding and improve the management of the water resources in large semi-arid regions. In the Lake Chad Basin, Africa, it is demonstrated how remotely sensed data can contribute significantly to a groundwater problem, something which historically has not often been achieved, particularly in semi-arid areas. In semi-arid areas, water is scarce and groundwater is often the only perennial resource available for the population. In the central part of Lake Chad Basin, this study focuses on the Quaternary aquifer which covers a vast surface area of 500,000 km 2 and provide most of the water used by human activities (Eberschweiler, 1993; FAO-Schroeter and Gear, 1973; UNESCO-PNUD-CBLT, 1972). So far, there are significant differences in the estimations of recharge and discharge phenomena of the Quaternary aquifer. Another scientific issue is the presence across the Quaternary aquifer of large piezometric depressions (Eberschweiler, 1992; FAO-Schroeter and Gear, 1973; Greigert, 1979; Schneider, 1969; Schneider and Wolff, 1992; UNESCO-PNUD-CBLT, 1972). Although, various theories about their formation and their mechanism have be raised (Aranyossy and Ndiaye, 1993; Dieng and Ledoux, 1987; Dieng et al., 1990; Durand, 1995), up to now little or no evidence has been gathered to confirm a particular explanation. An analysis of the basin's data shows that the use of GIS and appropriate remotely sensed data can greatly enhance the information currently available to hydrologists and hydrogeologists. The use of GIS and remote sensing to map groundwater recharge and discharge areas constitutes, in this kind of environment, a novel application. In the centre of the Lake Chad Basin, this approach has highlighted our knowledge of recharge and discharge processes, and it has enabled mapping major recharge and discharge areas. Among the outcomes, this approach has compiled, for the first time, evidence that the piezometric depressions correspond to very low infiltration areas. The fact that the rainfall recharge is considerably limited leads us to believe that evapotranspiration processes dominate the vertical exchanges, and that the piezometric depressions correspond to discharge areas. In the dunefields, a multitude of small discharge areas are revealed by vegetation indices, which show that the vegetation remains very active during the dry season. Such areas correspond to active oases, and were mapped in the Manga and at the border of the Harr and Kanem regions. Surprisingly, there are neither active oases, nor any tree layers, over the piezometric domes. One can deduce that the transpiration processes are lower than in the rest of the dunefield, and thus that the net recharge of the aquifer might be higher. Overall, throughout the Quaternary aquifer, surface characteristics (topography, soil permeability and vegetation) appear to have a strong influence on recharge and discharge processes. A groundwater model of the whole of the Quaternary aquifer was developed to explore novel applications of GIS and remote sensing in groundwater modelling. The model has allowed new knowledge of the aquifer system to be gained and has offered a first quantification of the groundwater reserves. The model's calibration in steady-state was first conducted independently of applications of CIS and remote sensing to map groundwater recharge and discharge areas. Outcomes clearly back up the information revealed with GIS and remote sensing. It was then possible to use remote sensing and GIS to improve the calibration of the model with a finer definition of recharge and discharge areas. The steady-state model has given information on the value and the distribution of long-term regional recharge and discharge. Rainfall recharge takes place in the dunefields, but appears to be small (less than 1 mm/yr in the Manga and less than 5 mm/yr in the centre of the Harr and Kanem). The model shows the necessity of representing the piezometric depressions as discharge areas. A good representation is obtained for a discharge rate below 3 mm/yr. The contribution from Lake Chad is very different from previous estimations and is thought to be less than 100E+06 mVyr (Carmouze, 1983; Isiorho, 1996; Roche, 1980). The model was then extended to a transient simulation from 1960 to 2000. Satellite archived data and GIS have allowed a comprehensive reconstruction of the fluctuations of the extent of Lake Chad. These data were implemented into the groundwater model in order to assess the impact of this major environmental change on the aquifer. This novel application, which makes an intensive use of remote sensing and GIS in the model, demonstrates the value of archive satellite data for long-term groundwater modelling. The model shows that the impact of the shrinkage of Lake Chad on the aquifer is limited in space to the Lake's region. It also reveals that the aquifer's reserves are threatened by the increase of the population in densely populated areas (Maiduguri, N'Djamena and "zone de concentration"). The drop of the water table in the dunefields could be related to a decrease of the rainfall recharge by more than 50%. Overall, the water budget of the aquifer is characterised by the endorheism of the system, with most of the outflows assured internally. Also, with regard to water resources management, the Quaternary aquifer offers a paradox: it is characterised by vast reserves, but a small renewable resource (recharge). It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first time that a large superficial aquifer of the Sahel has been modelled so thoroughly and understood as a whole. This study clearly illustrates the value of GIS and remotely sensed data in the hydrogeology of semi-arid areas. Successful applications of the Lake Chad Basin leads us to believe that in other semi-arid regions of the world, remote sensing and GIS could bring valuable assistance to hydrologists and hydrogeologists.

Orientador: Selma de Cássia Martinelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T19:57:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baggio_RejaneCristina_M.pdf: 1107108 bytes, checksum: 69c0f3cc685520ed58668e3d069b2c29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A escola configura-se para a criança como a grande demanda infantil, na qual se espera que desenvolva suas potencialidades e se aproprie dos conhecimentos historicamente construídos. Ocorre que há alguns anos, nota-se que as crianças embora frequentando as instituições escolares, não estão tendo rendimento satisfatório e que, apesar disso, continuam avançando pelos anos de escolarização. Inúmeras pesquisas foram realizadas objetivando compreender quais variáveis poderiam estar intervindo no baixo desempenho escolar e, dentre outras, as variáveis familiares foram apontadas como importantes preditoras. Partindo dessa indicação, apontada pela literatura, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o desempenho escolar de alunos do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas e analisar se há diferenças entre grupos com diversos desempenhos escolares em relação a algumas variáveis do contexto familiar, tais como: os estilos parentais e o suporte e recursos presentes no ambiente familiar. Participaram 71 mães e seus respectivos filhos, com idades entre 11 e 14 anos que cursavam o 6º e 7º anos do ensino fundamental. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Inventário de Estilos Parentais (IEP); Questionário sobre Suportes e Recursos do Ambiente Familiar; Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) e a média das notas de português e matemática dos alunos referentes aos quatro bimestres. Os resultados indicaram que o estilo parental predominante foi o estilo parental de risco. Ao comparar os grupos de desempenho no TDE em relação ao IEP, verificou-se que o desempenho escolar da criança varia conforme práticas educativas familiares positivas ou negativas são preponderantes em sua educação. Em relação ao suporte e recursos do ambiente familiar, os grupos de desempenho médio e superior apresentaram maiores pontuações que o grupo de desempenho inferior na categoria interação com os pais e no total do questionário. Isto revela que o ambiente mais suportivo e com mais recursos pode promover um melhor desempenho escolar. / Resumo: A escola configura-se para a criança como a grande demanda infantil, na qual se espera que desenvolva suas potencialidades e se aproprie dos conhecimentos historicamente construídos. Ocorre que há alguns anos, nota-se que as crianças embora frequentando as instituições escolares, não estão tendo rendimento satisfatório e que, apesar disso, continuam avançando pelos anos de escolarização. Inúmeras pesquisas foram realizadas objetivando compreender quais variáveis poderiam estar intervindo no baixo desempenho escolar e, dentre outras, as variáveis familiares foram apontadas como importantes preditoras. Partindo dessa indicação, apontada pela literatura, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o desempenho escolar de alunos do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas e analisar se há diferenças entre grupos com diversos desempenhos escolares em relação a algumas variáveis do contexto familiar, tais como: os estilos parentais e o suporte e recursos presentes no ambiente familiar. Participaram 71 mães e seus respectivos filhos, com idades entre 11 e 14 anos que cursavam o 6º e 7º anos do ensino fundamental. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Inventário de Estilos Parentais (IEP); Questionário sobre Suportes e Recursos do Ambiente Familiar; Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) e a média das notas de português e matemática dos alunos referentes aos quatro bimestres. Os resultados indicaram que o estilo parental predominante foi o estilo parental de risco. Ao comparar os grupos de desempenho no TDE em relação ao IEP, verificou-se que o desempenho escolar da criança varia conforme práticas educativas familiares positivas ou negativas são preponderantes em sua educação. Em relação ao suporte e recursos do ambiente familiar, os grupos de desempenho médio e superior apresentaram maiores pontuações que o grupo de desempenho inferior na categoria interação com os pais e no total do questionário. Isto revela que o ambiente mais suportivo e com mais recursos pode promover um melhor desempenho escolar. / Abstract: The school has a role to the children as a big infantile demand, where it is expected that they develop their potentials and acquire historically constructed knowledge. However, for some years, it has been noticed that in spite of the children's attendance in school, they are not having a satisfactory performance, although they continue advancing through the school years. Several studies have been conducted to understand which variable things could be causing in their low school performance, and among others, the family variables were singled out as important causes. From this indication demonstrated by the literature, this present study had the objective of analyzing the scholastic performance of middle school students coming from public schools, and investigate whether there are differences between groups with varied school performances related to some variables of family context such as parental styles and support and present resources in the family environment. In the study, 71 mothers and theirs sons participated, between the ages of 11 and 14, attending levels 6, 7 and 8 of middle school. For the collection of data were used the following instruments: Parenting Style Inventory (PSI), Questionnaire of Support and Resources of the Family Environment, School Performance Test (SPE) and the grade averages of the subjects portuguese and mathematics from the students, pertaining to the whole academic year. The results show that the dominating parental styles were the risk parental style. In comparing the groups of performance of SPE related to PSI, it has been verified that the scholastic performance of the child varies as some positive or negative practices dominate their education. In support and environmental family resources the groups of average and superior performance presented higher punctuations than the group with inferior performance in the category interaction with their parents and in the total of the questionnaire. This shows that in an environment with more support and resources could be achieved a better scholastic performance. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Recent literature regarding occupational stress in higher education has predominantly focused on students or student-facing activities such as teaching and advising, overlooking stress in research creation, research production, and research administration. Guided by the Job Demands-Resources model and Organizational Support theory, this dissertation used a mixed methods approach to address this gap through an examination of stressors and stress moderators among U.S. tenure-track faculty, tenured faculty, and university research administrators. Results from this dissertation study showed that members of the academic research workforce encounter a variety of occupational stressors that impact their job performance and overall well-being. Quantitative results revealed a link between perceived occupational support and perceived organizational support and that perceived stress was highest among early career faculty members. Qualitative results identified operational intensity, organizational complexity, negative workplace climates (such as bullying, racism, and sexism), and interpersonal factors as job demand stressors. Identified job resources that moderated stress included institutional support, social resources, talent management, and well-being resources. These findings suggest that institutions can enhance employee well-being and research creation, production, and administration through implementation of support systems that facilitate positive work climates.

Com objetivo de alcançar o grau de doutoramento, nosso estudo se propõe a disponibilizar um roteiro de leitura jurídica com intuito de prevenir impactos ecológicos e sociais nos aproveitamentos de potenciais hidrelétricos. O trabalho tem como cerne dois instrumentos de gestão: outorga de direitos de uso de recursos hídricos e a licença ambiental. Três empreendimentos formatam a base da pesquisa: AHE Tijuco Alto, AHE de Serra da Mesa e AHE Santo Antônio Jirau. Encontram-se em ecossistemas distintos, com proteção jurídica pontual e condições sociais peculiares. Por meio de documentos jurídicos, entrevistas, recortes da mídia, pareceres e notas técnicas de órgãos e entidades competentes, procuramos levantar as fragilidades legais, priorizando para o AHE de Tijuco Alto o debate sobre a sadia qualidade de vida dos povos e comunidades da região. A verificação no que se refere à participação pública foi tema e pesquisa junto ao empreendimento da AHE de Serra da Mesa. Os levantamentos e constatações jurídicas a respeito do equilíbrio ecológico foram direcionados ao AHE do rio Madeira (Santo Antônio e Jirau). Com o estudo pretendemos demonstrar a necessidade de ações administrativas transversas entre os diversos órgãos e entidades da federação e a indispensável composição multidisciplinar nos estudos sobre meio ambiente, além de apontar a pouca atenção aos ditames legais de nosso país. / In order to achieve the doctorate degree, our study aims to provide guidelines for judicial reading with the purpose of preventing ecological and social impacts in the exploitations of hydroelectric potentials. The work has as its core two management instruments: granting of rights of use of water resources and environmental license. Three ventures have formatted the basis of the research: AHE Tijuco Alto, AHE Serra da Mesa and AHE Santo Antônio Jirau. They are three ventures held in distinct ecosystems, with precise legal protection and peculiar social conditions. Through legal documents, interviews, clips of the media, opinions and technical notes of competent agencies and entities, we tried to raise the legal weaknesses, prioritizing for the AHE Tijuco Alto, the debate on the healthy quality of life of the people and communities of the region. The verification with regard to public participation was discussed and researched at the venture of the AHE Serra da Mesa. Surveys and legal confirmations regarding the ecological balance have been targeted to the AHE of river Madeira (Santo Antônio and Jirau). With the study we intent to demonstrate the need for transverse administrative actions between the various agencies and entities of the federation and the crucial multidisciplinary composition of the studies on the environment, in addition to indicate the little attention to legal precepts of our country.

Com objetivo de alcançar o grau de doutoramento, nosso estudo se propõe a disponibilizar um roteiro de leitura jurídica com intuito de prevenir impactos ecológicos e sociais nos aproveitamentos de potenciais hidrelétricos. O trabalho tem como cerne dois instrumentos de gestão: outorga de direitos de uso de recursos hídricos e a licença ambiental. Três empreendimentos formatam a base da pesquisa: AHE Tijuco Alto, AHE de Serra da Mesa e AHE Santo Antônio Jirau. Encontram-se em ecossistemas distintos, com proteção jurídica pontual e condições sociais peculiares. Por meio de documentos jurídicos, entrevistas, recortes da mídia, pareceres e notas técnicas de órgãos e entidades competentes, procuramos levantar as fragilidades legais, priorizando para o AHE de Tijuco Alto o debate sobre a sadia qualidade de vida dos povos e comunidades da região. A verificação no que se refere à participação pública foi tema e pesquisa junto ao empreendimento da AHE de Serra da Mesa. Os levantamentos e constatações jurídicas a respeito do equilíbrio ecológico foram direcionados ao AHE do rio Madeira (Santo Antônio e Jirau). Com o estudo pretendemos demonstrar a necessidade de ações administrativas transversas entre os diversos órgãos e entidades da federação e a indispensável composição multidisciplinar nos estudos sobre meio ambiente, além de apontar a pouca atenção aos ditames legais de nosso país. / In order to achieve the doctorate degree, our study aims to provide guidelines for judicial reading with the purpose of preventing ecological and social impacts in the exploitations of hydroelectric potentials. The work has as its core two management instruments: granting of rights of use of water resources and environmental license. Three ventures have formatted the basis of the research: AHE Tijuco Alto, AHE Serra da Mesa and AHE Santo Antônio Jirau. They are three ventures held in distinct ecosystems, with precise legal protection and peculiar social conditions. Through legal documents, interviews, clips of the media, opinions and technical notes of competent agencies and entities, we tried to raise the legal weaknesses, prioritizing for the AHE Tijuco Alto, the debate on the healthy quality of life of the people and communities of the region. The verification with regard to public participation was discussed and researched at the venture of the AHE Serra da Mesa. Surveys and legal confirmations regarding the ecological balance have been targeted to the AHE of river Madeira (Santo Antônio and Jirau). With the study we intent to demonstrate the need for transverse administrative actions between the various agencies and entities of the federation and the crucial multidisciplinary composition of the studies on the environment, in addition to indicate the little attention to legal precepts of our country.

La quantité de données produites dans le monde scientifique comme dans le monde commercial, est en constante augmentation. Le domaine du traitement de donnée à large échelle, appelé “Big Data”, a été inventé pour traiter des données sur de larges infrastructures informatiques distribuées. Mais l’intégration de système Big Data sur des machines de calcul intensif pose de nombreux problèmes. En effet, les gestionnaires de ressources ainsi que les systèmes de fichier de super calculateurs ne sont pas penser pour ce type de travail. Le sujet de cette thèse est de trouver la meilleure approche pour faire interagir ces deux gestionnaires de ressources et de traiter les différents problèmes soulevés par les mouvements de données et leur ordonnancement. / The amount of data produced, either in the scientific community and the commercial world, is constantly growing. The field of Big Data has emerged to handle a large amount of data on distributed computing infrastructures. High-Performance Computer (HPC) infrastructures are made for intensive parallel computations. The HPC community is also facing more and more data because of new high definition sensors and large physics apparatus. The convergence of the two fields is currently happening. In fact, the HPC community is already using Big Data tools, but they are not integrated correctly, especially at the level of the file system and the Resources and Job Management System (RJMS).In order to understand how we can leverage HPC clusters for Big Data usage, and what are the challenges for the HPC infrastructures, we have studied multiple aspects of the convergence: we have made a survey on the software provisioning methods, with a focus on data-intensive applications. We also propose a new RJMS collaboration technique called BeBiDa which is based on 50 lines of code whereas similar solutions use at least 1000x more. We evaluate this mechanismon real conditions and in a simulation with our simulator Batsim.

Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att undersöka hur ett HR-Shared Service Center fungerar ur ett användarperspektiv inom offentlig sektor. Fokus ligger på att undersöka första linjens chefers erfarenheter av Region Dalarnas motsvarighet till ett Shared Service Center (SSC), benämnt HR-Direkt. Utifrån studiens teoretiska referensram är SSC en av tre funktioner i vad Ulrich (1995) kallar HR-transformation vilket ska bidra till att effektivisera HR-arbete. Övriga delar i HR-transformationen är expertenheter och Human Resources Business Partners (HRBP). HR-transformation är kärnan i ett centraliserat HR-arbete där fokus ligger på kostnadsreducering och därmed förenlig med offentlig sektors skattefinansierade verksamhet. Vi argumenterar för att HR-transformationen direkt och indirekt får en betydande roll för både personalarbetets och organisationens effektivitet. Resultatet visar att första linjens chefers erfarenheter och åsikter om Regionens SSC; HR-Direkt står i direkt korrelation med första linjens chefers relation med sin HRBP, de första linjens chefer vilka har en god relation till sin HRBP har även en bra upplevelse av funktionen HR-Direkt medan de första linjens chefer vilka har en sämre relation till sin HRBP är missnöjda med HR-Direkt. Vidare visar resultatet att en otydlig ansvarsfördelning mellan HRBP och HR-Direkt bidrar till ett missnöje av HR-funktionen som helhet bland första linjens chefer. Studien har genomförts utifrån en kvalitativ ansats där nio semistrukturerade intervjuer med första linjens chefer, HRBP samt HR-Chef från Region Dalarna har genomförts. Resultatet från intervjuerna jämförs sedan med tidigare forskning i flera analysdelar och därefter presenteras en avslutande diskussion och slutsats. Vi anser att den befintliga forskningen tenderar att fokusera på organisatoriska aspekter av nyttan med ett SSC, till exempel ekonomisk vinning genom ett effektiviserat arbete. Vår förhoppning är att kunna påvisa att mer forskning bör riktas mot användare av SSC inom HR-fältet samt att vår studie kan fylla en del av kunskapsgapet avseende användares erfarenheter av ett SSC. / The purpose of the study was to explore how a HR Shared Service Center operates from a user perspective within the public sector. The focus is to explore the experience of Line Managers using Region Dalarna´s equivalent to a HR Shared Service Center, called HR-Direkt. Based on the study´s theoretical frame of reference, SSC is one of three functions that will contribute to the streamlining HR activites as part of a HR transformation programme as outlined by Ulrich. Other parts of the HR transformation are units of expertise and Human Resources Business Partner. HR transformation is the core of centralized HR work where the focus is cost reduction and thus compatible with public sector tax-financed function. It can be argued that the HR transformation has a great significance for the efficiency of both personnel work and the organization both directly and indirectly. The results have shown that line managers experiences concerning the Regions HR-SSC are in direct correlation with the line managers relationship with Human Resources Business Partner. The respondents who have a good relationship with their HRBP also have a good experience of HR-Direkt while respondents who have less favourable relationship with their HRBP are dissatisfied with HR-Direkt. Furthermore, the results show that an unclear distribution of responsibilities between HRBP and HR-Direkt causes dissatisfaction with the whole HR function among Line Managers. The study was based on a qualitative approach where nine semi-structured interviews with line managers, HRBP and the HR manager from Region Dalarna were conducted. The results from the interviews were then compared with the previous research using several forms of analysis before a discussion and conclusion are presented. The believe is that existing research tends to focus on organizational aspects of the benefits of an SSC, such as financial gain through streamlined work. The aim of this paper is to be able to demonstrate that more research should be directed at users of SSC in the HR field and that this study can fill part of the knowledge gap regarding users’ experiences of an SSC.