This essay has identified and analysed rhetorical devices in Gordon Brown’s speech delivered at the Labour Party conference on September 25, 2006. The aim of the study was to identify specific rhetorical devices which are described as interactional resources, analyse their uses and discuss possible effects that they may have when included in a political speech. The results are based on my own interpretations but are supported by information provided in current literature by analysts and researchers of rhetoric use. The result findings could probably serve as evidence of the need for better understanding of the devices used by politicians in their relentless endeavours to influence audience decisions.

Magister Artium - MA / In these novels suspense plays an important role, but elements that are usually found in literary works are also prominent in these narratives, for instance the fleshing out of characters' psyche and working with philosophical or current issues. In rhetorical terms these novels can be said to be suspense novels that make use of literary devices and themes. Novels by Deon Meyer fit into this category. In the Netherlands translations of his works are to be found among 'literaire thrillers' in bookshops. Therefore one of Meyer's novels was chosen for analysis. In this study the ways in which suspense is created in a narrative text is investigated. Proteus, a literary thriller, was chosen for its handling of characters and events in the transition in South Africa from an apartheid state to a democratic dispensation. This poses an intricate challenge for the writer. The reseach problem posed is this: How is literary suspense created in a narrative text? The creation of suspense in a narrative text has to do with literary communication. For this reason Roman Jakobson's well-known model for literary communication is at the basis of this research. Rene Appel's criteria for the creation of suspense in narrative texts, as it is explained in his work Spanning in verhalen: Over het schrijven van spannende boeken (2007), is also part of this study at its theoretical base. Various relevant sources have been included in this regard. In this formalistic study various elements pertaining to suspense in the narrative are part of the research in terms of isolating the ways in which suspense is produced in a narrative text in general and specifically in the case of Proteus. Also in this regard the novel's literarity is discussed. / South Africa

Äldre litteratur har visat att talkonsten kan användas för att övertyga sina åhörare. En väsentlig del i läraryrket är att göra sig förstådd hos elever och studenter. I denna studie undersöktes det hur musiklärare använde sig av retoriska grepp i sin undervisning samt hur deras elever uppfattade musiklärarnas retorik. Studien genomfördes genom observering av musiklärarnas lektioner, därefter intervjuades deras elever. Resultatet visade att musiklärarna använde rösten på olika sätt, via övertygelse, tempo, betoningar och pauser, för att framföra sitt budskap. Studien visade att elevernas förståelse för ämnet kan påverkas genom att läraren anpassar sitt sätt att tala. / In the olden literature it has been shown that the art of speech can be used to convince its listeners. An essential part of the teaching profession is to make oneself understood by pupils and students. This study examines how music teachers use rhetorical devices in their teaching and how their students perceive the music teachers' rhetoric. The study was conducted by observing the music teachers' lessons, afterwards their students were interviewed. The results show that music teachers use their voice in different ways, through conviction, tempo, strategic emphases and pauses for effect, to convey their message. The study shows that students' understanding of the subject can be influenced by the teacher adapting his or her way of speaking.

Denna studie analyserar hur president Obamas retoriska figurer överförs till tjeckiska samt i vilken utsträckning parallellismer återges, baserat på analyser av två valda medietolkningar. Analysen visar bl.a. att de bildliga uttrycken överförs i form av omskrivningar eller utelämnas. Några retoriska figurer, såsom anaforer, anadiploser och parallellismer, skapas genom upprepningar. Eftersom tolkar inte kan förutse vart talaren leder talet är det svårt att hinna analysera om en upprepning är en retorisk figur med en funktion som bör behållas eller en onödig upprepning som bör undvikas. De undersökta tolkningarna fick en P-poäng på 70% resp. 63% vilket stämmer överens med Pöchhackers resultat om överföringar av parallellismer vid medietolkning utan manus (2012). / This study analyses how president Obama's rhetorical figures are transferred into Czech and to what extent parallelisms are reproduced, based on the analysis of two selected media interpretations. The analysis showed that the metaphorical expressions are either rewritten or omitted. Some rhetorical figures, such as anaphors, anadiplosis and parallelisms, are created by repetitions. Because interpreters cannot predict where the speaker is taking the speech, it is difficult for them to analyse whether a repetition is a rhetorical figure with a function that should be retained or an unnecessary repetition that should be avoided. The examined interpretations yielded a P-score of 70% and 63%, which corresponds with Pöchhacker's results on transferring of parallelism in media interpretation without script (2012).

Denna studie analyserar hur president Obamas retoriska figurer överförs till tjeckiska samt i vilken utsträckning parallellismer återges, baserat på analyser av två valda medietolkningar. Analysen visar bl.a. att de bildliga uttrycken överförs i form av omskrivningar eller utelämnas. Några retoriska figurer, såsom anaforer, anadiploser och parallellismer, skapas genom upprepningar. Eftersom tolkar inte kan förutse vart talaren leder talet är det svårt att hinna analysera om en upprepning är en retorisk figur med en funktion som bör behållas eller en onödig upprepning som bör undvikas. De undersökta tolkningarna fick en P-poäng på 70% resp. 63% vilket stämmer överens med Pöchhackers resultat om överföringar av parallellismer vid medietolkning utan manus (2012). / This study analyses how president Obama's rhetorical figures are transferred into Czech and to what extent parallelisms are reproduced, based on the analysis of two selected media interpretations. The analysis showed that the metaphorical expressions are either rewritten or omitted. Some rhetorical figures, such as anaphors, anadiplosis and parallelisms, are created by repetitions. Because interpreters cannot predict where the speaker is taking the speech, it is difficult for them to analyse whether a repetition is a rhetorical figure with a function that should be retained or an unnecessary repetition that should be avoided. The examined interpretations yielded a P-score of 70% and 63%, which corresponds with Pöchhacker's results on transferring of parallelism in media interpretation without script (2012).