R??sum?? : Pour Gilles Deleuze, la philosophie consiste ?? cr??er des concepts. Prenant le contrepied de cette d??finition, la plupart de ses commentateurs se contentent soit de r??p??ter les propos du philosophe en les g??n??ralisant et en leur donnant de ce fait une port??e universelle, soit d???appliquer les concepts qu???il a invent??s ?? n???importe quel ph??nom??ne qui leur tombe sous la main, ce qui condamne irr??m??diablement la philosophie ?? n?????tre qu???une entreprise abstraite alors que Deleuze la voulait on ne peut plus concr??te. La source de ce contresens est bien simple : ils ne tiennent pas compte de la place primordiale qu???occupe l???empirisme dans son oeuvre. Ainsi, en ne portant pas une attention toute particuli??re ?? cette attitude philosophique qui privil??gie l???exp??rience, ils minimisent le r??le de celle-ci dans sa pratique et, cons??quemment, ils d??tachent les cr??ations de concepts des situations d???o?? elles tirent leur n??cessit??. Contrairement ?? l???esprit qui anime les principales ??tudes sur la philosophie deleuzienne, cette th??se a donc pour objectif de d??montrer que c???est seulement en prenant en compte les exp??riences singuli??res qui les ont suscit??es que les concepts forg??s par ce penseur gardent un sens, tout comme c???est uniquement dans ce cadre que se comprennent les critiques qu???il a formul??es ?? l?????gard de diff??rentes prises de position philosophiques. Au terme de ce parcours, ces derni??res appara??tront alors toujours partielles et redevables d???une exp??rience de pens??e qui a forc?? cette remise en question de telle sorte que ce qui ??tait au d??part incompr??hensible d???apr??s une certaine perspective devient soudainement accessible quand un nouveau concept est cr????. Pour parvenir ?? cette fin, cette th??se a ??t?? divis??e en deux parties. La premi??re porte sur la conception deleuzienne de l???exp??rience. Par une ??tude de deux tentatives de renouvellement de l???empirisme au XXe si??cle, soit le bergsonisme et la ph??nom??nologie, la position deleuzienne sur cette question se r??v??le comme un prolongement de la voie ouverte par Bergson en opposition ?? celle d??gag??e par Husserl et, ?? sa suite, Sartre. S??par?? des pr??occupations ontologiques bergsoniennes, l???empirisme transcendantal deleuzien appara??t alors comme une recherche de la potentielle singularit?? d???un ph??nom??ne au d??triment de la qu??te d???une forme commune ?? toute exp??rience. La seconde partie quant ?? elle se concentre sur quatre exp??riences de pens??e et montre ?? chaque fois le lien indissoluble qui unit la cr??ation de concept et la remise en question qui lui est concomitante. Que ce soit avec la critique d???une philosophie de la repr??sentation qui d??coule du concept de sensation forg?? au contact des oeuvres du peintre Francis Bacon, que ce soit avec la double remise en cause de la ph??nom??nologie comme effet de la cr??ation des concepts d???image-affection et d???image-temps ?? partir de Persona d???Ingmar Bergman et Hiroshima mon amour d???Alain Resnais, que ce soit encore avec la critique des postulats de linguistique qui d??rive du concept de litt??rature mineure invent?? pour rendre compte du Proc??s de Kafka, dans tous ces cas, ce qui est mis en lumi??re, c???est le r??le essentiel de l???exp??rience dans la pratique philosophique de Gilles Deleuze. // Abstract : Philosophy, for Gilles Deleuze, is the creation of concepts. Taking the opposing view, the majority of Deleuze???s critics prefer either to universalize the philosopher???s principles or to apply the concepts Deleuze created indiscriminately to any and all phenomenon. This condemns his philosophy to the status of an abstract enterprise when Deleuze sought above all that it be concrete. The source of this contradiction is simple: his critics overlook the central role that empiricism occupies in his work. Therefore, by disregarding the importance of this philosophical position, which privileges experience, they minimise the role of the latter in Deleuze???s intellectual practice and, consequently, they detach the creation of concepts from the very situations from which they derive their pertinence and necessity. Contrary to the spirit which animates the principal studies of Deleuze???s philosophy, this thesis has for its objective to demonstrate that it is only by taking into account the singular experiences which gave rise to his concepts that these concepts make sense. Just as it is uniquely in this context that the critiques that Deleuze formulated of different philosophical positions can be understood. In the end these critiques appear both partial and indebted to an experience (aesthetic or otherwise) that disrupts preconceived notions, such that what was in the beginning incomprehensible from a certain perspective becomes suddenly accessible with the creation of a new concept. To arrive at this conclusion, this thesis has been divided into two parts. The first part deals with the Deleuzian conception of experience. Through a study of two attempts at renewing the empiricist project in the twentieth century ??? Bergsonism and Phenomenology ??? Deleuze???s position can be seen as an extension of the argument of Bergson, and thus in opposition to that of Husserl and Sartre. Separated from its preoccupation with Bergsonian ontology, the transcendental empiricism of Deleuze thus appears as a quest for the singular potential of a phenomenon to the detriment of the quest for a common form for all experience. The second part is focused on four experiences that disrupt preconceived notions and will demonstrate each time the indissoluble link which unites the creation of a concept and its concomitant critique. The first experience consists of a critique of a philosophy of representation that derives from a concept of sensation itself forged in contact with the works of the painter Francis Bacon. The second and third will consist in an interrogation of phenomenology as an effect of the creation of concepts of ???affection-image??? by way of Ingmar Bergman???s Persona and ???time-image??? in Alain Resnais??? Hiroshima mon amour. Finally, the fourth will be a critique of the postulates of linguistics derived from the concept of ???minor literature??? invented to analyse Kafka???s The Trial. In all these cases what is exposed is the essential role of experience in the philosophical practice of Gilles Deleuze.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SandraMF.pdf: 572131 bytes, checksum: 153cba1ebc66c0efa30055c7b1c4d457 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-30 / Exalt?e par la philosophie et rel?gu?e ? second plan par la sociologie, pour son appartenance ? la vie priv?e, l amiti? devient, ? partir des an?es 70, um th?me d int?t?ret nom plus sous la perspective classique de la philia, avec son insistance sur la fraternit?, ?galit? et dans l ?quivalence des amis.Les ?tudes de Hannah Arendt,Blanchot,Derrida et Foucault d?s?quilibrent cette vison, et la r?d?finissent em tant qu ne rapport qui donne lieu ? l alterit? et permet les manifestations des singularit?s entre amis. En reprendant ces penseurs, Michel Foucault tente r?habililiter l amiti? en tant qu ne ?thique et une esth?tique de l existence qui conduit ? la transformation du sujet, stylisant son existence dans la pr?sence de l autre. Bas?s sur cette r?habilitation, nous penserons l amiti? comme une exp?rience ?thique et afective intense qui cherche autotransformation des amis, une forme de vie qui refuse les formes impos?es de rapports et subjectivit?s / Enaltecida pela filosofia e relegada a segundo plano pela sociologia por tratar-se de assuntos referentes ? vida privada, a amizade a partir do anos 70, tem sido objeto de interesse n?o mais sob o foco da perspectiva cl?ssica da philia com sua ?nfase na fraternidade, na igualdade, e na equival?ncia entre amigos. Os estudos de Hannah Arendt, Blanchot, Derrida e Foucault tentam desestabilizar essa vis?o, redefinindo-a como um relacionamento que d? lugar ? alteridade e permite as manifesta??es das singularidades entre amigos. Seguindo esses pensadores Foucault tenta reabilit?-la no contexto de uma ?tica e est?tica da exist?ncia que conduz ? transforma??o do sujeito, estilizando sua exist?ncia na presen?a do outro. Com base nessa reabilita??o pensaremos a amizade como experi?ncia ?tica, afetiva, intensa, que visa a autotransforma??o dos amigos, uma forma de vida que recusa as formas impostas de relacionamento e de subjetividade

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-04-07T19:01:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA JULIA SOUZA CHINALIA.pdf: 3354600 bytes, checksum: 3b73ff4d8f971c9766f384b6df175cda (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T19:01:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA JULIA SOUZA CHINALIA.pdf: 3354600 bytes, checksum: 3b73ff4d8f971c9766f384b6df175cda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This research aims to investigate the emotional distress of women arrested for petty larceny. It is justified by the possibility to shed some light on the ways social and economically adverse conditions may cause subjective effects that articulate with the involvement in legally reprehensible acts. The research is organized methodologically by means of the psychoanalytic approach of quotes by women who participated, as interviewees, of a Brazilian documentary about the issue. Repeated exposure to the film, accompanied by the transcription of the lines, have allowed the interpretive production of two fields of affectiveemotional senses: "Where's My Grandson's Milk?" and "Where's The Treatment?". The first presents more of a general aspect, whilst the secondmust be considered as a variation of the previous. Revisited by the light of a dialogue with other authors, such fields indicate the centrality of the social helplessness phenomenon, which conveys intimately to the injustice originated from poverty and social inequality. We have concluded that the contributions of Winnicottian thought concerning the link between deprivation and delinquency may be usefully revised and extended in order to include, in a more clear way, not only affective, but other kinds of deprivation, such as material ones, that lead to insecurity, helplessness and feelings of humiliation. / Cette recherche pr?sente une observation profonde sur la souffrance?motionnelle des femmes d?tenues pour vols de quelque chose insignifiante. Cette th?se vise ? penser comment la condition sociale et la condition ?conomique d?favorable peuvent provoquer des effets subjectifs qui se combinent avec la participation dansl?actes juridiquement r?pr?hensibles. La recherche est organis?e m?thodologiquement par l?approche psychanalytique qui examinent les discours des femmes, lesquelles ont particip?au documentaire national sur le probl?me.Expositions successives au film, accompagn?s de transcriptions de discours, ont permis une production interpr?tative de deux champs affectif-?motionnels: ?O? est le Lait de Mon Petit-Fils?? et ?O? est le Traitement??. Le premier champ pr?sente un aspect plus g?n?ral, tandis que le second doit ?tre consid?r? comme une variante du pr?c?dent.Par le dialogue avec d'autres auteurs, ces champs indiquent la centralit? du ph?nom?ne de l'impuissance sociale, qui s?associe ?troitement avec l?injustice d?riv?e de la pauvret? et de l'in?galit? sociale. Nous concluons que les contributions de la pens?e de Winnicott, en ce qui concerne la relation parmi la privation et la criminalit?, peuvent ?tre r?vis?es et ?tendues pour int?grer plus clairement, non seulement les besoins affectifs, mais aussi des autres necessit?s, comme le besoin d?ordre mat?riel, parce que cela provoque l'ins?curit?, l'impuissance et le sentiment d'humiliation. / A presente pesquisa objetiva investigar o sofrimento emocional de mulheres presas por autoria de furtos de bagatelas. Justifica-se na medida em que pode lan?ar luz sobre as formas como condi??es sociais e economicamente desfavor?veis podem gerar efeitos subjetivos que se articulam com o envolvimento em atos legalmente conden?veis. A investiga??o se organiza metodologicamente por meio da abordagem psicanal?tica das falas de mulheres que participaram, como entrevistadas, de um document?rio nacional sobre o problema. Sucessivas exposi??es ao filme, acompanhadas pela transcri??o das falas, permitiram a produ??o interpretativa de dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional: ?Cad? o Leite do Meu Neto?? e ?Cad? o Tratamento??. O primeiro apresenta car?ter mais geral, enquanto o segundo deve ser considerado uma varia??o do anterior. Revisitados ? luz de interlocu??o com outros autores, tais campos indicam a centralidade do fen?meno do desamparo social, que se veicula intimamente ? injusti?a derivada da pobreza e desigualdade social. Conclu?mos que as contribui??es do pensamento winnicottiano, relativas ? liga??o entre priva??o e delinqu?ncia, podem ser proveitosamente revistas e ampliadas, no sentido de inclu?rem, de modo mais claro, n?o apenas car?ncias afetivas mas tamb?m outras, de ordem material, causadoras de inseguran?a, desamparo e sentimentos de humilha??o.