German text / Die Alkoholabhängigkeit ist die am stärksten verbreitete Abhängigkeitserkrankung in Deutschland. Unbekannt ist die Zahl der betroffenen Angehörigen. Nach Erarbeitung not-wendiger theoretischer Grundlagen und Vorstellung aktueller Forschungsergebnisse stan-den narrative Interviews mit Frauen von alkoholabhängigen Partnern im Mittelpunkt der Forschungsarbeit. Durch Datenanalyse und Dateninterpretation mit Methoden der rekon-struktiven Sozialforschung wurde ein tieferes Verständnis für die Lebensgeschichte der beiden ausgewählten Biografinnen gewonnen. Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren konnten diffe-renziert erfasst und resilienzfördernde Maßnahmen für Seelsorge und Beratung abgeleitet werden. Besondere Beachtung fand die Bedeutung des christlichen Glaubens als Resilienz-faktor. Weitere Beobachtungen durch Einbeziehung aller Interviews als Datenmaterial wurden als Hilfen für das Verständnis der Gesamtproblematik ausgewertet. Aus der Dis-kussion der Ergebnisse ergaben sich Handlungsempfehlungen für die christliche Gemeinde und richtungsweisende Impulse für Seelsorge und Beratung. Schlüsselbegriffe: / Alcohol dependence is the most widespread addictive disease in Germany, the number of affected relatives unkown. After acquiring theoretical foundations and current research results, my research focused on narrative interviews with wives of alcohol dependent part-ners. By the use of reconstructive social research methods, data analysis and interpretation a deeper understanding of the life history of the two selected biographers was obtained. After detecting risk and protective factors, resilience promoting factors for pastoral care and counselling could be derived. Special attention was paid to the importance of Christian faith. For an understanding of the overall problem, all interviews were included as data material and evaluated. From the discussion of the results, recommendations for the Chris-tian Church and impulses giving direction for pastoral care and counselling were derived. / Practical Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

German text / Die Alkoholabhängigkeit ist die am stärksten verbreitete Abhängigkeitserkrankung in Deutschland. Unbekannt ist die Zahl der betroffenen Angehörigen. Nach Erarbeitung not-wendiger theoretischer Grundlagen und Vorstellung aktueller Forschungsergebnisse stan-den narrative Interviews mit Frauen von alkoholabhängigen Partnern im Mittelpunkt der Forschungsarbeit. Durch Datenanalyse und Dateninterpretation mit Methoden der rekon-struktiven Sozialforschung wurde ein tieferes Verständnis für die Lebensgeschichte der beiden ausgewählten Biografinnen gewonnen. Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren konnten diffe-renziert erfasst und resilienzfördernde Maßnahmen für Seelsorge und Beratung abgeleitet werden. Besondere Beachtung fand die Bedeutung des christlichen Glaubens als Resilienz-faktor. Weitere Beobachtungen durch Einbeziehung aller Interviews als Datenmaterial wurden als Hilfen für das Verständnis der Gesamtproblematik ausgewertet. Aus der Dis-kussion der Ergebnisse ergaben sich Handlungsempfehlungen für die christliche Gemeinde und richtungsweisende Impulse für Seelsorge und Beratung. Schlüsselbegriffe: / Alcohol dependence is the most widespread addictive disease in Germany, the number of affected relatives unkown. After acquiring theoretical foundations and current research results, my research focused on narrative interviews with wives of alcohol dependent part-ners. By the use of reconstructive social research methods, data analysis and interpretation a deeper understanding of the life history of the two selected biographers was obtained. After detecting risk and protective factors, resilience promoting factors for pastoral care and counselling could be derived. Special attention was paid to the importance of Christian faith. For an understanding of the overall problem, all interviews were included as data material and evaluated. From the discussion of the results, recommendations for the Chris-tian Church and impulses giving direction for pastoral care and counselling were derived. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

<p>The aim of this study is to examine which factors in the receiving-country that have had an influence on three now adult unaccompanied refugee children. The method used in the study is qualitative interviews with the three above-mentioned participants. The results show that some factors are perceived as helpful, having a positive influence on the participants life while other factors are perceived as worsening, having a negative influence on their life. Depending on the context some factors such as age, the Swedish language and housing arrangements have had both positive and negative influences on their life. Positive factors are among other things: access to good treatment and support, help with processing trauma and bad mental health, help with understanding coherence, access to a social network, family reunification, resilience and other internal factors. Negative factors are among other things: loneliness, feeling of powerlessness, mistakes made by public authority and “the long waiting” until they get a residence permit. The results correspond with previous research findings but have also originated new knowledge that can be added on the current field of research. The results have furthermore been analyzed with theories of risk and resilience, coping and sense of coherence.</p><p>Keywords: unaccompanied refugee children, unaccompanied children, asylum-seeking children /young adolts/adolecenses/minors, resilience, risk and protective factors, coping, sense of coherence (SOC)</p>

The aim of this study is to examine which factors in the receiving-country that have had an influence on three now adult unaccompanied refugee children. The method used in the study is qualitative interviews with the three above-mentioned participants. The results show that some factors are perceived as helpful, having a positive influence on the participants life while other factors are perceived as worsening, having a negative influence on their life. Depending on the context some factors such as age, the Swedish language and housing arrangements have had both positive and negative influences on their life. Positive factors are among other things: access to good treatment and support, help with processing trauma and bad mental health, help with understanding coherence, access to a social network, family reunification, resilience and other internal factors. Negative factors are among other things: loneliness, feeling of powerlessness, mistakes made by public authority and “the long waiting” until they get a residence permit. The results correspond with previous research findings but have also originated new knowledge that can be added on the current field of research. The results have furthermore been analyzed with theories of risk and resilience, coping and sense of coherence. Keywords: unaccompanied refugee children, unaccompanied children, asylum-seeking children /young adolts/adolecenses/minors, resilience, risk and protective factors, coping, sense of coherence (SOC)

Afrikaans text / Die doel van die studie is om buffer- en risikofaktore te verken wat ‟n rol in die ontwikkeling van gehoorgestremde kleuters kan speel. Gehoorgestremde kleuters presenteer met ‟n gehoorverlies, wat hul van normaalhorende kleuters onderskei. Tog beskik alle kleuters oor primêre behoeftes. Lewenskwaliteit word verbeter deur behoeftevervulling, wat die ontwikkelingsproses beïnvloed. Hierdie behoeftes word vervul deur die kleuter, asook faktore vanuit die omgewing. ‟n Literatuurstudie is onderneem as teoretiese raamwerk, wat teorieë omtrent die omgewing en behoeftes, buffer- en risikofaktore en kleuterontwikkeling insluit. Data is vanuit ‟n kwalitatiewe benadering ingesamel deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude en ekokaarte saamgestel deur ouers van gehoorgestremde kleuters. Kontrolering en integrering van data het deur triangulering geskied. Buffer- en risikofaktore binne kleuters self, die gesin en die breër gemeenskap is verken. Die studie is verkennend en beskrywend, en toegepaste navorsing is gebruik. So is gevolgtrekkinge en aanbevelings gemaak om toepaslike ondersteuning aan ouers van gehoorgestremde kleuters te bewerkstellig. / The aim of the study is to explore the protective and risk factors that may contribute to the development of hearing-impaired toddlers. Hearing impaired toddlers present with a hearing loss, which distinguish them from toddlers with normal hearing. However, all toddlers have primary needs. Quality of life is improved by the fulfilment of needs, which influences the developmental process. These needs are fulfilled by the toddler, as well as by factors from the environment. A literature study was conducted as theoretical framework. This included theories regarding the environment and needs, protective and risk factors, and toddler development. In this qualitative study, data collection was conducted by semi-structured interviews and the compilation of ecomaps by parents of hearing impaired toddlers. Triangulation was used to verify and integrate data. Protective and risk factors were explored within the toddler, the family and the wider community. This study is exploratory and descriptive and applied research was used. In this way conclusions and recommendations were made to provide appropriate support to parents of hearing impaired toddlers. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Spelterapie)

De nos jours, l’usage des outils de communication électronique chez les jeunes est largement répandu et donne lieu à de nouvelles opportunités d’exercer de violence dans les relations intimes, par exemple la surveillance, le harcèlement ou les cyberviolences sexuelles (CVS). Si beaucoup d’études ont porté sur les facteurs de risque associés à la CVS chez les jeunes, c’est-à-dire de contraindre une personne à aborder un contenu à caractère sexuel (photos ou messages) sans le consentement de la personne, peu de travaux se sont penchés sur les facteurs de protection. Plus précisément, la CVS a surtout été abordée sous l’angle des sextos, l’appréhendant comme un comportement délinquant et néfaste pour le bien-être des jeunes. S’appuyant sur un devis quantitatif, ce mémoire s’intéresse aux filles ayant vécu une expérience amoureuse et sexuelle sous un angle victimologique et cherche à documenter les facteurs de risque et principalement de protection luttant contre les CVS dans un contexte de relation intime. Un échantillon de 1 082 filles de 14 à 19 ans (âge moyen 16,7 ans) ont rempli un questionnaire en ligne, nous renseignant sur leur vie sexuelle et amoureuse, sur les événements de victimisation subis, ainsi que sur des facteurs personnels et relationnels associés. Les résultats indiquent que l’attachement romantique (types sécurisant et préoccupé), l’assertivité sexuelle (la capacité à refuser un contact sexuel non désiré et à initier un contact sexuel souhaité) et le soutien social perçu pourraient limiter les risques de vivre une CVS, alors que l’exposition à la violence familiale, une plus forte estime de soi sexuel et l’attachement craintif sont associés à un risque plus élevé. Ainsi, à la lumière de ces résultats, les programmes de prévention de la CVS devraient lutter contre la violence familiale, miser sur l’importance de développer un style d’attachement romantique sécurisant chez les adolescentes ainsi que le renforcement de l’assertivité sexuelle et l’établissement d’un réseau social de confiance. Enfin, il serait important d’accompagner les adolescentes dans l’expression de leur estime de soi sexuel qui se déploient dans leur utilisation des outils technologiques, tout en renforçant leur capacité à mettre leurs limites et en légitimant l’importance du consentement lorsqu’il est question de cybersexualité entre partenaires intimes. / Today, the use of digital communication tools among youth is widespread and new possibilities arise for cyber dating abuse such as surveillance, harassment, or sexual cyber violence (SCV). While many studies focus on risk factors linking teenagers to SCV, i-e the use of force to broach sexual content (photos or messages) without the consent of the person, few researchers have focused on protective factors. More specifically, SCV has mainly been analysed from a “sexting” perspective, a delinquent behavior which represent a threat to the well-being of the adolescents. This quantitative thesis focuses on teenage girls who had romantic and sexual experiences from a victimological viewpoint and seeks to document the risk and, primarily, the protective factors that would limit SCV. A sample of 1 082 girls between the ages of 14 and 19 (mean age 16.7) completed an online questionnaire, informing us about their sex and love life, victimization events as well as personal and relational factors. Results indicate that romantic attachment (secure and anxious attachment types), sexual assertiveness (refusal of unwanted sex and sexual intimacy initiation) and perceived social support would limit the risk of experiencing SCV while the exposure to family violence, sexual self-esteem and fearful attachment would be associated with an increased risk. Thus, SCV prevention programs should focus on family violence, rely on good practices that promote a secure romantic attachment style, reinforce sexual assertiveness and establish a social network of trust. In addition, it would be important to support adolescent girls in expressing their sexual self-esteem through digital tools while strengthening their ability to set their limits and legitimizing the importance of consent on Internet.