Face aux problèmes sanitaires et environnementaux liés à la pollution atmosphérique au Liban, les études se multiplient pour permettre une bonne compréhension de la situation, dont des mesures de la qualité de l’air et des études sur les émissions de polluants et sur la modélisation des concentrations dans l’atmosphère à l’aide du modèle de chimie transport (CTM) de WRF/Polyphemus. Pour modéliser la qualité de l’air au Liban, les études précédentes se sont heurtées à différentes difficultés dont : une surestimation des concentrations d’ozone d’un facteur 2 dans les résultats de la modélisation WRF/Polyphemus pour l’été 2012, un profil d’émission des COV issus du transport routier différent de ceux que l’on trouve dans les pays développés. De cela dérivent les objectifs de cette thèse : améliorer les performances de Polyphemus pour le Liban, notamment en améliorant la représentation des conditions aux limites du modèle, évaluer le modèle pour l’année 2014 vis-à-vis des nouvelles observations du réseau national de la qualité de l’air, mesurer les facteurs d’émissions du transport routier dans un tunnel à Beyrouth et les comparer aux données des pays développés. Afin d’améliorer les performances du CTM pour le Liban, cette thèse compare les concentrations simulées avec deux inventaires d’émissions différents et avec différentes méthodes de calcul des conditions aux limites. Pour les émissions, deux inventaires sont comparés : un inventaire récemment mise en place pour le Liban et l’inventaire d’émission global EDGAR-HTAP, qui combine des émissions mesurées pour les pays développés et des émissions modélisées pour les autres pays. Bien que cet inventaire soit couramment utilisé dans les modèles globaux de qualité de l’air d’importantes différences d’estimation et de distribution spatiale sont identifiées par rapport à l’inventaire spécifique du Liban. Dans les simulations des études précédentes réalisées sur le Liban, les conditions aux limites étaient obtenues à partir de simulations globales avec le modèle MOZART-4. Un domaine régional sur le Moyen-Orient est introduit dans la chaine de modélisation afin d’amortir le changement de résolution entre les résultats le modèle global (≥ 1°) et le domaine du Liban (0.055°). Ce changement a permis d’améliorer considérablement les résultats de la modélisation des polluants au Liban, surtout pour l’ozone. Cette nouvelle configuration de modélisation (domaines emboités, Moyen Orient puis Liban) est ensuite employée pour la modélisation de l’année 2014 et évaluée vis-à-vis des observations faites par le réseau national de mesure de la qualité de l’air. Les performances du modèle pour la représentation des polluants de qualité de l’air sont satisfaisantes par rapport aux indicateurs disponibles dans la littérature. Cependant, la modélisation météorologique pourrait être améliorée, et il serait souhaitable de prendre en compte l’impact sur les émissions des changements démographiques entre l’année pour laquelle l’inventaire a été conçu (2011) et l’année modélisée (2014) en raison du déplacement de population suite à la guerre en Syrie.En ce qui concerne des facteurs d’émission (FE) du transport routier, nous avons effectué une campagne de mesure au tunnel Salim Slam à Beyrouth en 2014. Les facteurs d’émissions de différents polluants (CO, NOx, PM2.5, COV) ont été mesurés pour l’ensemble du trafic. En comparaison à la littérature, les FE locaux sont toujours supérieurs aux FE des pays développés même s’ils ont tendances à être réduits par rapport aux valeurs mesurés en 2000 suites aux changements du parc automobile et son évolution / Because of health and environmental problems related to air pollution in Lebanon, the number of studies investigating this matter has increased over the years to ensure a proper understanding of the situation, including measurements of air quality, studies on pollutant emissions and modeling of atmospheric concentrations using the chemistry transport model (CTM) WRF/Polyphemus. To model air quality in Lebanon, previous studies have identified several difficulties including: an overestimation of ozone concentrations by a factor of 2 in the modeling results of WRF/Polyphemus during summer 2012, a local VOC emission profile from road transport that is different from those found in developed countries. Consequently, the objectives of this thesis are: to improve the performance of Polyphemus over Lebanon by improving the boundary conditions of the simulation of, to evaluate the model for the year 2014 using new observations provided by the national air quality monitoring network, to measure emission factors from road transport in a tunnel in Beirut and compare those data to those observed in developed countries. To improve the performance of the CTM over Lebanon, this thesis compares the concentrations simulated with two different emission inventories and with different methods of estimating boundary conditions. For emissions, two inventories are compared: one that was recently set up specifically for Lebanon, and a global inventory, called EDGAR-HTAP, which combines measured emissions for developed countries and modelled emissions for the remaining countries Even though EDGAR-HTAP is commonly used in global air-quality models, significant differences in the estimation and the spatial distribution of the emissions are identified compared to the inventory specifically developed for Lebanon. In the simulations of the previous studies over Lebanon, boundary conditions were estimated using global simulations from the model MOZART-4. A regional domain over Middle East is introduced into the modeling chain to cushion the change in the horizontal resolution between the global model (≥ 1°) and the Lebanon domain (0.055°). The results from this change showed a significant improvement in the model performance over Lebanon, especially for ozone. This new modeling configuration (nested domains, Middle East and Lebanon is then used to model the year 2014 and it is evaluated using the observations provided by the national air quality monitoring network. For air-quality pollutants, the model performance is satisfactory, as using published criteria. However, weather modeling (Wind speed and Direction) should be improved, and we should take into account the impact on emissions of the demographic changes between the year for which inventory was designed (2011) and the modeled year (2014) due to the population displacement induced by the Syrian war.Concerning emission factors (EF) of road transport, we performed a measurement campaign at the Salim Slam tunnel in Beirut in 2014. The emission factors for the different pollutants (CO, NOx, PM2.5, VOC) were measured for the average traffic. Compared to other studies, the local EF are higher than those measured in developed countries even though they tend to be reduced, as a result of the changes in the fleet characteristics, compared to the values measured back in 2000

Indian cities rely predominantly on buses for public transport. The issues of performance measurement and efficiency analyses for the bus company have been gaining significance due to severe operating conditions and financial constraints in which these bus companies provide the service. Performance is defined as the levels of success of the service with respect to different parameters such as quality of service, cost effectiveness and safety. Performance is measured in terms of operational efficiency and financial efficiency. Operational Efficiency of an organization is the ability to utilize its available resources to the maximum extent. Financial Efficiency is a measure of the organization’s ability to translate its financial resources into revenue. Public bus transportation plays a pivotal role in India in bringing about greater mobility both within and between urban and rural areas. Through increased mobility, road transport also contributes immensely to social and economic development of different regions of the country. Public transport is provided by surface road transport using buses by the State Road Transport Undertakings (SRTUs) and by private operators. In this thesis, scientific analysis of the performance of SRTUs is carried out at different levels considering physical and financial parameters through multivariate techniques, non-parametric techniques and qualitative techniques. A comprehensive study on all the SRTUs of Karnataka at depot, division level are done and determined which quantitative method is suited for depot level and division level studies. From quantitative and qualitative studies of SRTUs strategies are developed and recommendations are made to improve the performance of SRTUs. Further, in addition to Bangalore metropolitan transport corporation (BMTC) performance analyses, the routes are analyzed to reduce the dead kilometer. Major contributions from this work: 1. Both inter and intra city operations of the public transport corporation in the state of Karnataka have been exhaustively analysed using operational and financial parameters. 2. Large amount of data over a long period has been collated from State road transport units and a standard format has been developed for collecting both operational and financial parameters for SRTU’s. 3. A generic framework and plan for performance evaluation of SRTU’s has been developed using ratio and benchmarking analysis, and, non-parametric and multivariate techniques like DEA (constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS)), DEA-principal component analysis (PCA), DEA- bootstrapping. These analyses have been carried out at different levels, like transport corporations level (KSRTC NEKRTC, NWKRTC, BMTC), division level (33 divisions), and Depot level (193 depots). 4. Non parametric and multivariate Models have been developed and validated using DEAP and GAMS software before embarking on the above detailed analyses. 5. Analytical hierarchy approach (AHP), which is multi criteria structured technique, has been adopted to evaluate and analyze performance of the SRTU’s, divisions and depots based on qualitative and quantitative data. 6. User and operator perception studies of different SRTU’s of Karnataka have been done to evaluate the performance of these corporations from qualitative techniques. 7. From these comprehensive non parametric techniques, the efficiency of the SRTU’s have been evaluated and found that KSRTC has been the best operating unit among the SRTU’s considered for the study. The same has been observed from the AHP as well as perception surveys carried out as part of this thesis. 8. Operation and financial performance including profitability studies of Mysore urban transportation (Mysore city transport division) has been carried out before and after implementation of intelligent transport system (ITS). 9. The dead kilometer minimization model was formulated, which is a mixed integer programming problem, to get the optimal solution considering the capacity of the depot and time period of operation for the chosen network. An optimization technique has been developed for solving the dead kilometer problem in the operations of BMTC buses for the Volvo division (division operates 794 schedules). The alternative depot locations have been identified to reduce the dead kilometer, leading to large amount of savings for the corporation. 10. From the detailed analyses using non parametric techniques, multivariate and multi-criteria techniques along with perception surveys, strategies and recommendations have been arrived at to improve performance of the public transport corporations. This thesis consists of nine chapters and they are as below; Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction of public bus transport systems in India, their problems and need for performance evaluation of SRTUs. The impacts study of Mysore ITS, dead kilometer minimization problem for BMTC along with evaluating the performance of SRTUs by quantitative and qualitative data. This chapter provides the objective of the work and scope of the work. The main objectives of this research are 1. To develop a generic framework and plan for evaluation by identifying the performance indicators and data sources for evaluation.

This thesis deals with a comprehensive overview of the negative effects of transport on the environment, their opportunities and reducing the legislative restrictions. Then their own proposals for improving the environment in direct connection with road transport and efforts to reduce accidents on the road. Based on the elaboration of this thesis were collected and sorted information on the operation of the negative effects of road transport on the environment in order to raise awareness of the impact of activities related to road transport.

The aim of this thesis is the comparison of transport infrastructure in the Czech and Slovak Republics, focusing on road and rail transport. Work includes a description and analysis of the current state in terms of quality, structure and length of road and rail networks. The performance indicators of passenger and freight transport are evaluated and compared, including their expected development. Conclusions are made on the basis of data from the last 5 years. The current situation is also evaluated using a SWOT analysis, which highlights the most important strengths and weaknesses and also significant opportunities and threats. In conclusion, based on the comparison and SWOT analysis priorities and recommendation are set to improve the current situation in order to create a quality and competitive transport network.

The Thesis gives the basic overview of requirements for dangerous cargo transport considering mode of transport (rail, road and marine). All conditions are desribed separately and then all together as intermodal transport. Part of the Thesis is dedicated to business practis in intermodal transport including INCOTERMS.

This diploma thesis with the company process management, and focuses on chosen processes and their optimalization in a medium-sized enterprise. The chosen enterprise belongs to leading Czech / European heavy-lift hauliers that transports mostly out-of-gauge cargo by road. The first part of this thesis defines elementary and theoretical terms that help readers understand this work. In the second part the chosen enterprise and its core business is introduced. This is followed by the enterprise analysis, and actual process mapping, based on author's long-term monitoring in a combination with interviews with process users and owners. The optimalization goal was a process adjustment to the state which maximalize company resources while removing found deficiencies.

The topic of this diploma thesis is design of road truck using electric drive. The main goal is to solve analyzed problems, which are reflected in the conceptual design of the vehicle that meets the ergonomic, technical and visual aspects.

he project evaluates legislative regulations for special road transport between the Czech Republic and Northern Europe. The main purpose of the project is to formulate a basic methodology for non-standard shipment’s transit. Work observes destination of the Czech Republic - Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. There exist differences in legislative conditions for the particularly heavy and oversized loads transport in these countries. The main objective is to evaluate these conditions and recommend utilization for Czech carriers. The thesis aims to enumerate the various national legal standards for excessive transportation and recommend implementation outputs for correct and a quick orientation in the rights and obligations during executing carriage for the Czech carriers. The basic metodology how to transport oversized loads results from this project.

This master thesis analyses the critical places on the road I/11 in the Frydek-Mistek region in the stretch Ropice-Bystrice. The aim of this master thesis is to suggest the organization and building arrangements, which raise the safety of the traffic in the chosen dangerous places. The suggested arrangemetns are chosen so that they could be used in pratice.

In the Diploma thesis is analysed several specific car accidents locations in the district Jihlava. The aim of this thesis is to create the organizational and technical proposals in selected areas to minimize the possibility of car accidents in frequent locations and increase safety on the road. All measures are proposed with regard to possible use in practice.