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Regionalisation through economic integration in the Southern African Development Community SADC (SADC) / Amos SaurombeSaurombe, Amos January 2011 (has links)
The regional economic community (REC) of the Southern African Development
Community (SADC) compri'ses 15 Southern African countries. The' economic and
political aspects of regional integration in SADC dictate the pace of integration while the
influence of a legal regime for regional integration remains at the periphery. While the
SADC Treaty and its Protocol on Trade are clear about the priority of economic
integration; the full implementation of SADC's economic integration is still yet to be
realised using these legal instruments. Regional economic integration is also a priority
at both continental and global level. The legal instruments applicable at these levels are
those established through the African Union (AU) and the World Trade Organisation
(WTO) respectively. Analysis of these external legal instruments is relevant because
SADC Member States are signatories to agreements establishing these organisations·.
Thus, rules based trade in SADC should be understood from a regional, continental and
global perspective where a community must have well-structured and managed
relations between itself and other legal systems as a necessary condition for its
effectiveness. These structured relations refers to a legal and institutional framework
that defines the relations between community and national laws, spelling out the
modalities for implementing community law in Member States, defines the respective
competencies of the community and Member States and provide rule based systems for
resolution of conflicts.
In setting the scene for an in-depth discussion of the legal and institutional framework
for regional economic integration in SADC, this study presents the history of SADC, its
political and economic characteristics that have shaped the legal aspects of trade within
the region, the continent of Africa and the world at large. Within this context, the
definition of regional integration is presented from a general and international
understanding but ultimately gets narrowed down to what it means for Africa and SADC.
The discussion on the · theories behind regional economic integration gives
understanding to the integration approach employed in the organisation. South Africa's
economic and political leadership is critical in the realisation of economic integration; hence this study acknowledges that without South Africa's full commitment; regional
economic integration will suffer .a setback. Besides the challenge of implementing rules
based trade in SADC, this study also identifies a number of obstacles to SADC regional
economic integration and multiple memberships are identified as a: major stumbling
block. A comparative study of SADC's institutional framework with that of the E1;Jropean
Union· (EU) is undertaken to establish the rationale behind SADC's choice of utilising the
EU model of integration. This study establishes the critical role institutions play in the
implementation of treaty obligations as established by the agreements. The main lesson
from this comparative study is that the EU institutions are allowed to fulfill their
obligations of implementing treaty provisions, while SADC institutions are handicapped.
The future of SADC is presented within the context of a set of recommendations that
identifies the tripartite free trade area (FTA) that includes the East Africa Community
(EAC) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) as one of
viable legal instrument for deeper integration in SADC and the continent of Africa.
General recommendations are made on the need for reform of rules and principles that
are necessary for the implementation of SADC Treaty regime as well as possible
improvements that are important for the full realisation of regional economic integration. / PhD (Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Regionalisation through economic integration in the Southern African Development Community SADC (SADC) / Amos SaurombeSaurombe, Amos January 2011 (has links)
The regional economic community (REC) of the Southern African Development
Community (SADC) compri'ses 15 Southern African countries. The' economic and
political aspects of regional integration in SADC dictate the pace of integration while the
influence of a legal regime for regional integration remains at the periphery. While the
SADC Treaty and its Protocol on Trade are clear about the priority of economic
integration; the full implementation of SADC's economic integration is still yet to be
realised using these legal instruments. Regional economic integration is also a priority
at both continental and global level. The legal instruments applicable at these levels are
those established through the African Union (AU) and the World Trade Organisation
(WTO) respectively. Analysis of these external legal instruments is relevant because
SADC Member States are signatories to agreements establishing these organisations·.
Thus, rules based trade in SADC should be understood from a regional, continental and
global perspective where a community must have well-structured and managed
relations between itself and other legal systems as a necessary condition for its
effectiveness. These structured relations refers to a legal and institutional framework
that defines the relations between community and national laws, spelling out the
modalities for implementing community law in Member States, defines the respective
competencies of the community and Member States and provide rule based systems for
resolution of conflicts.
In setting the scene for an in-depth discussion of the legal and institutional framework
for regional economic integration in SADC, this study presents the history of SADC, its
political and economic characteristics that have shaped the legal aspects of trade within
the region, the continent of Africa and the world at large. Within this context, the
definition of regional integration is presented from a general and international
understanding but ultimately gets narrowed down to what it means for Africa and SADC.
The discussion on the · theories behind regional economic integration gives
understanding to the integration approach employed in the organisation. South Africa's
economic and political leadership is critical in the realisation of economic integration; hence this study acknowledges that without South Africa's full commitment; regional
economic integration will suffer .a setback. Besides the challenge of implementing rules
based trade in SADC, this study also identifies a number of obstacles to SADC regional
economic integration and multiple memberships are identified as a: major stumbling
block. A comparative study of SADC's institutional framework with that of the E1;Jropean
Union· (EU) is undertaken to establish the rationale behind SADC's choice of utilising the
EU model of integration. This study establishes the critical role institutions play in the
implementation of treaty obligations as established by the agreements. The main lesson
from this comparative study is that the EU institutions are allowed to fulfill their
obligations of implementing treaty provisions, while SADC institutions are handicapped.
The future of SADC is presented within the context of a set of recommendations that
identifies the tripartite free trade area (FTA) that includes the East Africa Community
(EAC) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) as one of
viable legal instrument for deeper integration in SADC and the continent of Africa.
General recommendations are made on the need for reform of rules and principles that
are necessary for the implementation of SADC Treaty regime as well as possible
improvements that are important for the full realisation of regional economic integration. / PhD (Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Energy efficiency : the regulatory framework for SADC and South Africa / Rachel Lekunze KungweAngwe, Rachel Lekunze January 2014 (has links)
Energy is the main driving force behind all human activities. Energy use is blamed for its contribution to greenhouse gas, environmental degradation among others. Energy efficiency has been identified as an important tool to address these issues. Recognising the important role of energy efficiency, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) introduced policy measures to address energy efficiency at both regional and national levels. South Africa (a member state of SADC) followed by introducing policies, legislation, tax incentives and voluntary measures such as SANS standards and ISO 50001 to address energy use via energy efficiency. The aim of this study is to assess South Africa’s framework pertaining to energy efficiency and determine whether they correspond to the SADC energy frameworks. In this study, it is indicated that energy efficiency does not have a universally acceptable definition. SADC’s frameworks pertaining to energy efficiency are quite vague compared to South Africa’s policy framework. South Africa’s policies, legal frameworks and voluntary instruments correspond with the SADC frameworks and even go beyond these frameworks. It is recommended that SADC’s frameworks should specify measures of attaining energy efficiency within its mandated tools, urge member states to develop legislation as well as voluntary measures as means of attaining energy efficiency. The South African Minister of Energy on the other hand, should fulfil the mandate of the Electricity Regulation Act and the National Energy Act by enacting regulations pertaining to energy efficiency. Incentives for the introduction of voluntary energy efficiency measures should also be developed. / LLM (Environmental law and governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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The legal protection of cross-border climate-induced displaced persons in Southern Africa / Daniël Nicolas DüringDüring, Daniël Nicolas January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which existing law could provide a legal basis for the protection of cross-border, climate change displaced persons, with a particular focus on Southern Africa. Before such an analysis can be made, however, it is important first to determine what climate change displacement exactly implies. By means of integrating and refining existing legal terminology and ideas the study attempts to disentangle the international contention on the subject and proposes that individuals who are forced from their countries of habitual residence as a reaction primarily to climatic push factors which pose an existential threat to their right to life are most in need of protection and may be referred to as cross-border climate change displaced persons.
As climate change displacement is expected to occur primarily on the sub-regional geopolitical level of governance, the inclusion of regional, AU, and sub-regional, SADC, elements is important for the practical feasibility of this study. Southern Africa's particular vulnerability to the effects of climate change, making the advent of large numbers of climate change displaced persons in the area a reasonable prediction for the future, further justifies this study's chosen scope.
After analysing the different legal branches of refugee law, human rights law and environmental law for each geopolitical level of governance referred to, this study concludes that: While there are several potential provisions in law that could provide protection to persons displaced by climate change, a sufficient protection framework can be derived only from the composite characteristics of different branches of law. Therefore, it is recommended that a matrix approach is followed when providing legal protection to climate change displaced persons. Because different fields of law provide more prominent protection in different spheres of governance, it is also recommended that the configuration of a legal protection matrix be adjustable to particular circumstances. It is therefore suggested that a legal protection mechanism is developed for each geopolitical sphere, and that different mechanisms are coordinated internationally. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Perceptions of organisational politics and its impact on managerial practices at the National electricity provider in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) / Emmanuel MutambaraMutambara, Emmanuel January 2013 (has links)
Politics in an organisation is an inevitable element in organisation management. The Southern African Development Community (SADC)’s national electricity providers have been subject to an increasingly intense organisational politics cancer for almost two decades, and it is commonly believed to be behind the current electricity generation crisis that has become synonymous within the SADC region. The electricity challenges have spread to most countries in Africa, making the challenge applicable to Africa as a continent. Even on a global scale, electricity crises are increasingly becoming a matter of concern. Economies the world over are known to be heavily reliant on electricity as an energy source. Most if not all economies would be dysfunctional and non-existent without adequate electricity. This study focuses on organisational politics and its impact on managerial practices at a national electricity provider in a SADC region, in particular, Zimbabwe’s national electricity provider and specifically aims to provide a conceptual framework for better cognition and minimisation of negative political behaviour, ultimately enhancing electricity generation capacity for the country. The study is presented in article format covering four areas of study as follows:
* Article one identifies the main role-players and their functions in the generation of electrical power at the national electricity providers. The identification of the role-players is literature based and discusses the influences of the role-players in the equation of electricity generation for the economy. A biographical profile of the national electricity provider is compiled by means of an empirical study.
* The second article explores and interrogates employees’ perceptions of organisational politics by employing both theoretical and empirical study focusing on the causes/sources of political behaviour at the national electricity provider.
* The third article investigates the effects of organisational politics at the national electricity provider focusing on the positive and negative effects. The article also employs both a literature and an empirical study.
* The final article provides solutions to the negative effects of organisational politics. It investigates the managerial practices for minimising negative political behaviour through a review of literature as well as undertaking an empirical study.
A sample of 1400 participants was randomly selected from the population of 2210 employees, representing 63.35% of the population. A total of 358 completed questionnaires were returned by the cut-off date. Of the 358, 11 were discarded as they were incorrectly completed, giving an effective response rate of 24.78%. The study employed the statistical software programme SPSS 21.0 for Windows to analyse the data. Various quantitative statistical techniques that suit the doctoral level of research were used to analyse the data. The techniques include:
* Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy;
* Exploratory factor analysis
* Bartlett’s test of sphericity; and
* Cronbach Alpha’s reliability coefficient.
The major findings of the study were:
* The first article identified the main role-players within the national electricity provider’s political environment as: employees, managers; government; and board of directors. Central to the political environment, are diverse goals from each role-player which in most cases is incongruent, giving birth to the political tempo (organisational politics) within the organisation.
* The second article identified four significant factors perceived as contributing to political behaviour at the national electricity provider. The factors are managerial behaviour, poor communication of objectives, unexpected employee behaviour and unhealthy managerial practices. These factors account for a favourable variance of 74.26.
* The third article identified three factors of significance that explain the effects of political behaviour at the national electricity provider. These factors account for a favourable variance of 74.67%, and the factors include positive departmental actions, negative employee actions and personal consequences. * The final article sought to provide measures for minimising negative effects of political behaviour, thus the article identified two factors of importance in minimising negative political behaviour at the national electricity provider. These factors are managerial fairness and managerial participation accounting for 70.11% of the total variance.
Organisational politics, by and large, impedes organisational performance and in the case of the national electricity provider, it retards the power utility’s capacity to generate the much needed electrical power. Thus an integrated organisational strategy is required to successfully harness negative political behaviour into some significant positive factors that can create a conducive work environment that enhances performance ultimately increasing productivity levels. While the findings of the study holds true of the fact that some political behaviour factors have a hand in the national electricity provider’s inability to generate adequate electrical power, further research is needed to substantiate these factors in other regions of the national electricity provider within Zimbabwe as well as in SADC countries. A SADC approach encompassing all the member countries can help reduce negative political behaviour in key organisations such as the national electricity providers and other parastatals. The study concludes by proposing a comprehensive conceptual organisational politics management model (OPMM) which can be used by managers at the national electricity providers to reduce negative political behaviour. / PhD (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Energy efficiency : the regulatory framework for SADC and South Africa / Rachel Lekunze KungweAngwe, Rachel Lekunze January 2014 (has links)
Energy is the main driving force behind all human activities. Energy use is blamed for its contribution to greenhouse gas, environmental degradation among others. Energy efficiency has been identified as an important tool to address these issues. Recognising the important role of energy efficiency, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) introduced policy measures to address energy efficiency at both regional and national levels. South Africa (a member state of SADC) followed by introducing policies, legislation, tax incentives and voluntary measures such as SANS standards and ISO 50001 to address energy use via energy efficiency. The aim of this study is to assess South Africa’s framework pertaining to energy efficiency and determine whether they correspond to the SADC energy frameworks. In this study, it is indicated that energy efficiency does not have a universally acceptable definition. SADC’s frameworks pertaining to energy efficiency are quite vague compared to South Africa’s policy framework. South Africa’s policies, legal frameworks and voluntary instruments correspond with the SADC frameworks and even go beyond these frameworks. It is recommended that SADC’s frameworks should specify measures of attaining energy efficiency within its mandated tools, urge member states to develop legislation as well as voluntary measures as means of attaining energy efficiency. The South African Minister of Energy on the other hand, should fulfil the mandate of the Electricity Regulation Act and the National Energy Act by enacting regulations pertaining to energy efficiency. Incentives for the introduction of voluntary energy efficiency measures should also be developed. / LLM (Environmental law and governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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The legal protection of cross-border climate-induced displaced persons in Southern Africa / Daniël Nicolas DüringDüring, Daniël Nicolas January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which existing law could provide a legal basis for the protection of cross-border, climate change displaced persons, with a particular focus on Southern Africa. Before such an analysis can be made, however, it is important first to determine what climate change displacement exactly implies. By means of integrating and refining existing legal terminology and ideas the study attempts to disentangle the international contention on the subject and proposes that individuals who are forced from their countries of habitual residence as a reaction primarily to climatic push factors which pose an existential threat to their right to life are most in need of protection and may be referred to as cross-border climate change displaced persons.
As climate change displacement is expected to occur primarily on the sub-regional geopolitical level of governance, the inclusion of regional, AU, and sub-regional, SADC, elements is important for the practical feasibility of this study. Southern Africa's particular vulnerability to the effects of climate change, making the advent of large numbers of climate change displaced persons in the area a reasonable prediction for the future, further justifies this study's chosen scope.
After analysing the different legal branches of refugee law, human rights law and environmental law for each geopolitical level of governance referred to, this study concludes that: While there are several potential provisions in law that could provide protection to persons displaced by climate change, a sufficient protection framework can be derived only from the composite characteristics of different branches of law. Therefore, it is recommended that a matrix approach is followed when providing legal protection to climate change displaced persons. Because different fields of law provide more prominent protection in different spheres of governance, it is also recommended that the configuration of a legal protection matrix be adjustable to particular circumstances. It is therefore suggested that a legal protection mechanism is developed for each geopolitical sphere, and that different mechanisms are coordinated internationally. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Perceptions of organisational politics and its impact on managerial practices at the National electricity provider in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) / Emmanuel MutambaraMutambara, Emmanuel January 2013 (has links)
Politics in an organisation is an inevitable element in organisation management. The Southern African Development Community (SADC)’s national electricity providers have been subject to an increasingly intense organisational politics cancer for almost two decades, and it is commonly believed to be behind the current electricity generation crisis that has become synonymous within the SADC region. The electricity challenges have spread to most countries in Africa, making the challenge applicable to Africa as a continent. Even on a global scale, electricity crises are increasingly becoming a matter of concern. Economies the world over are known to be heavily reliant on electricity as an energy source. Most if not all economies would be dysfunctional and non-existent without adequate electricity. This study focuses on organisational politics and its impact on managerial practices at a national electricity provider in a SADC region, in particular, Zimbabwe’s national electricity provider and specifically aims to provide a conceptual framework for better cognition and minimisation of negative political behaviour, ultimately enhancing electricity generation capacity for the country. The study is presented in article format covering four areas of study as follows:
* Article one identifies the main role-players and their functions in the generation of electrical power at the national electricity providers. The identification of the role-players is literature based and discusses the influences of the role-players in the equation of electricity generation for the economy. A biographical profile of the national electricity provider is compiled by means of an empirical study.
* The second article explores and interrogates employees’ perceptions of organisational politics by employing both theoretical and empirical study focusing on the causes/sources of political behaviour at the national electricity provider.
* The third article investigates the effects of organisational politics at the national electricity provider focusing on the positive and negative effects. The article also employs both a literature and an empirical study.
* The final article provides solutions to the negative effects of organisational politics. It investigates the managerial practices for minimising negative political behaviour through a review of literature as well as undertaking an empirical study.
A sample of 1400 participants was randomly selected from the population of 2210 employees, representing 63.35% of the population. A total of 358 completed questionnaires were returned by the cut-off date. Of the 358, 11 were discarded as they were incorrectly completed, giving an effective response rate of 24.78%. The study employed the statistical software programme SPSS 21.0 for Windows to analyse the data. Various quantitative statistical techniques that suit the doctoral level of research were used to analyse the data. The techniques include:
* Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy;
* Exploratory factor analysis
* Bartlett’s test of sphericity; and
* Cronbach Alpha’s reliability coefficient.
The major findings of the study were:
* The first article identified the main role-players within the national electricity provider’s political environment as: employees, managers; government; and board of directors. Central to the political environment, are diverse goals from each role-player which in most cases is incongruent, giving birth to the political tempo (organisational politics) within the organisation.
* The second article identified four significant factors perceived as contributing to political behaviour at the national electricity provider. The factors are managerial behaviour, poor communication of objectives, unexpected employee behaviour and unhealthy managerial practices. These factors account for a favourable variance of 74.26.
* The third article identified three factors of significance that explain the effects of political behaviour at the national electricity provider. These factors account for a favourable variance of 74.67%, and the factors include positive departmental actions, negative employee actions and personal consequences. * The final article sought to provide measures for minimising negative effects of political behaviour, thus the article identified two factors of importance in minimising negative political behaviour at the national electricity provider. These factors are managerial fairness and managerial participation accounting for 70.11% of the total variance.
Organisational politics, by and large, impedes organisational performance and in the case of the national electricity provider, it retards the power utility’s capacity to generate the much needed electrical power. Thus an integrated organisational strategy is required to successfully harness negative political behaviour into some significant positive factors that can create a conducive work environment that enhances performance ultimately increasing productivity levels. While the findings of the study holds true of the fact that some political behaviour factors have a hand in the national electricity provider’s inability to generate adequate electrical power, further research is needed to substantiate these factors in other regions of the national electricity provider within Zimbabwe as well as in SADC countries. A SADC approach encompassing all the member countries can help reduce negative political behaviour in key organisations such as the national electricity providers and other parastatals. The study concludes by proposing a comprehensive conceptual organisational politics management model (OPMM) which can be used by managers at the national electricity providers to reduce negative political behaviour. / PhD (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Strategy implementation challenges facing Southern African Development Community (SADC) Payment System project: case studyZiqubu, A.B. 05 1900 (has links)
This study discusses the case of modernising the Southern African
Development Community (SADC) regional payments system facilitated by the
SADC Payment System Project. The long-term objective is to have
harmonised cross-border and inter-bank settlement systems to facilitate the
economic activity such as supporting the flow of trade within the SADC region.
The SADC Payment System Project purports to have adopted a strategic
management process to achieve its mandate. The modernisation process is in
line with the Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP). The
aim of the RISDP is to provide strategic direction with respect to various
SADC programmes and activities and to align the strategic objectives and
priorities of SADC with the policies and strategies for achieving its long-term
goals.
The concept of payment, clearing and settlement system is explained to
provide the context within which the national payment system fits in the
economic system and its role towards economic development.
The first objective of the study is to discuss the strategic management
process. The objective of the discussion is to reflect how the strategic
management theoretical constructs were translated into practice.
The second objective of the study is to explore the environmental and country
internal factors that are likely to impact on and delay the fully harmonised
regional cross-border and inter-bank settlement systems.
Although not exhaustive, the identified factors include;
- The structural arrangements of country- specific teams that support the
modernisation initiatives,
- The availability of skills and capacity to harness the implemented
systems within each member country in the SADC region.
iii
- The influence of foreign fund donors, as a result of a possible
duplication of efforts,
- The repair state of power supply and communication networks,
- The supporting legal and regulatory regimes,
- The forms of economic systems,
- The influence and the extent of trade flows with the SADC region, and
- The resilience banking networks in the facilitation of financial
information flows within each member country and externally
(internationally).
The target population of central bank officials who also take an active role in
the modernisation of SADC regional payments systems were requested to
provide feedback on the prepared questionnaire to address the above factors.
The responses provided are summarised in Chapter 5. It was clear from the
responses that the identified factors appeared to pose little challenge for
respective member countries. However, additional comments by respondents
indicated that there is still a lot of groundwork to be covered. There was an
evidence of the need for on-going training in payment systems and to improve
communication networks and power supply within each member country,
especially on the remote country areas/rural areas. Some members also
hinted a warning on developing systems, which would have a potential to
become white elephants if other sectors are not developed in parallel to the
regional payment systems. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / M.B.L.
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Regional hegemony as a tool for peace : an evaluation of South Africa’s role in regional developmentMandela, Babongile Thabile 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Southern Africa as a region requires a rallying point from where they can integrate and
mobilize their resources in order to create a security community, which acts both as a
deterrent to the outbreak of conflict and regional bloc to protect local industries from global
forces. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) does not have the strong
relationship which usually exists between states that share a common goal or interest. The
study argues that the lack of leadership within the region accounts for the weak cooperative
relationship that presently exists in Southern Africa.
This study argues that regionalization does not come about unless the states in a particular
region want it. It may come about through spontaneous or unintended convergence in terms
of political regime, economic policy or security, but often one can identify a triggering
political event which sets the process in motion. The study argues that the Development
Corridors apparent in Southern Africa can act as the triggering event and have the promise to
forge the most feasible cooperation amongst regional states. The phenomenon of Peace Parks
rooted in the Spatial Development Initiatives, offer a unique type of regional integration
embedded on traditional focal areas and Southern African Identity.
This study intends to analyze the potential ability of regional hegemony to foster peace
through development. The primary objective of this study consequently is to examine the role
of regional hegemonies as tools for peace; using South Africa’s hegemony in Southern Africa
as a case study. This study describes the importance of South Africa as a regional hegemon to
lead the process of creating a peaceful co-existence in SADC. To achieve the research
objectives the following questions have been formulated: What is South Africa’s role as a
development partner in Southern Africa? The second research question asks how the political
economy of regionalism is apparent in the Spatial Development Indicators (Development
Corridors). Specifically what contribution could Spatial Development Initiatives make
towards SADC’s regional integration objectives? The research questions provide an
impression of major socio-political developments looming in the region and also seek to
provide the required tools to analyze and understand what is going on in Southern Africa
today. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suider-Afrikaanse streek het ’n definitiewe behoefte om ‘n sentrale punt te identifiseer
waar beide integrasie kan plaasvind en hulpbronne gemobiliseer kan word om ’n veiligheids
gemeenskap te skep. Dit kan as ’n definitiewe teenvoeter dien vir die onstaan van konflik en
om plaaslike industrie te beskerm teen die soms negatiewe invloed van internasionale magte.
Die Suider-Afrikaanse Ontwikkelings Gemeenskap (SAOG) het huidiglik nie ’n sterk
verhouding wat tussen state met gemeenskaplike doelwitte en belange heers nie. Die kern
argument van hierdie studie is dat die tekort aan leierskap binne die streek een van die
hoofoorsake is vir die algemene swak samewerking wat tans bestaan in Suider-Afrika.
Die studie argumenteer dat sogenaamde streeks/regionale integrasie nie tot stand kan kom
tensy die state in ’n spesifieke streek ’n definitiewe behoefte daartoe het nie. Dit kan wel
onstaan deur middel van ’n spontane samevloei van politieke regimes, ekonomiese beleid en
veiligheid. Daar is soms egter ’n spesifieke gebeurtenis wat die proses laat onstaan. Die
studie argumenteer dat die sogenaamde Ontwikkelings Deurgange (‘Development Corridors’)
wat tans in Suider-Afrika ontwikkel as ’n moontlike vertrekpunt gesien kan word wat die
beste kans bied om samewerking tussen state te bevorder. Die onstaan van Vredes Parke
(‘Peace Parks’) gevestig binne die Ontwikkelings Deurgange, bied ’n unieke vorm van
regionale integrasie in Suider-Afrika.
Hierdie studie het ten doel om die potensiële moontlikheid van regionale hegemonie om
vrede te bewerkstellig deur middel van ontwikkeling te ontleed. Die hoof doelwit van hierdie
studie is om die rol van regionale hegemonie as instrument van vrede te ontleed. Die studie
sal spesifiek die gevallestudie van Suid-Afrika se regionale hegemonie in Suider-Afrika
ondersoek. Hierdie studie beskryf die belangrikheid van Suid-Afrika as ’n streeks moondheid
om die leiding te neem om vreedsame samewerking binne die SAOG te bewerkstellig. Die
volgende belangrike vrae is in hierdie studie gestel: Wat is Suid-Afrika se rol as ’n
ontwikkelings-vennoot in Suider-Afrika? Die tweede vraag probeer vasstel tot watter mate
die politieke ekonomie van regionale samewerking tans bestaan in die Omgewings
Ontwikkelings Indikatore (die sogenaamde ‘Development Corridors’). Watter spesifieke
bydraes kan hierdie inisiatiewe lewer om die SAOG se regionale integrasie doelwitte te
bereik? Die vrae probeer ’n geheel indruk skep hoe die Omgewings-Ontwikkelings Inisiatiewe (‘Spatial Development Initiatives’) tans bydra om ’n beter begrip te skep van
huidige verwikkelinge in Suider-Afrika.
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