Abstract This research paper tracks the growth of e-commerce retail sales from 2000 through 2018 to see if the emergence of e-commerce has affected the retail real estate market in any way. With many stores now offering online shopping and many large retailers contemplating lowering their presence in brick and mortar stores, this question is relevant now more than ever. In order to test for the correlation between e-commerce retail sales growth and the retail real estate market, a collection of retail real estate factors are investigated. This paper tests retail real estate factors at the United States country level and a more in-depth city level that investigates 66 individual cities nationwide. In the OLS modeling, these retail variables represent my dependent variables. These dependent variables were then regressed on a yearly basis against total e-commerce retail sales and a vector of control variables. The results show that returns of the NCREIF property index, asking rent, and percent change in commercial real estate prices for the U.S. are negatively impacted by total e-commerce retail sales. These results indicate that the growth of e-commerce retail sales has negatively impacted the retail real estate market to some degree. This correlation can have long term impacts on the survival of many retail businesses and can eventually affect the economies of small towns and cities across the country. If physical retail locations begin to suffer, other local stores and restaurants will likely suffer as well, eventually impacting the economy on a larger scale.

Evaluating the existing practices of sustainability within the outdoor apparel industry, this research questions the relationship that certain sustainability aspects have with the price of goods in this specific market. Through a hedonic pricing model, this research provides an estimate of the value placed on certain aspects surrounding environmental and social sustainability. In a growing industry, the application of sustainable practices throughout the supply chain has the potential to influence customer purchasing patterns and pricing models for outdoor apparel brands. This research found the type of material used to have a statistically significant impact on the price of an item; no statistical significance was found in the level of brand sustainability.

The purpose of this research was to identify the legging features that athleisure consumers desire and the performance problems they frequently encounter. A non-probability sample (n=133) of college students who identified as female and wore leggings for non-athletic purposes were surveyed. The questionnaire was designed based upon examination of online product reviews and current complaints with legging products. The results of the survey were used to design and complete a laboratory evaluation. Laboratory samples and methods were then chosen to assess the performance qualities desired when purchasing leggings and the problems encountered when wearing leggings by the surveyed consumers. Three brands were identified by the survey as regularly consumed legging brands and included: Lululemon, Nike, and 90 Degree. All laboratory samples were a nylon, spandex blend fabric. Garments were laundered and evaluated after one, five, ten, and twenty washes. All evaluations were completed in a Textile Testing Laboratory according to AATCC and ASTM standard test methods.

The B. F. Goodrich Company spends considerable money selecting and training territory managers. The hiring of territory managers generally rests with local management's "intuition." Since 1967, a substantial percentage of these highly trained salesmen have separated from the company. It was within this attrition context, that an exploratory, objective, selection program was studied. A multiple discriminant function (multigroup model) was used to analyze three groups of B. F. Goodrich Territory Managers' California Psychology Inventory and Edwards Personal Preference Schedule test scores. The data revealed that known territory managers' group membership could be significantly predicted. A longitudinal study (one year later) showed a high percentage of accuracy (i.e. 82 percent) between predicted test score probability group membership and original group membership. Further the multiple discriminant function analysis of territory managers' test scores disclosed that only a few test variables need to be considered in making a probability hiring decision.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on December 6, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Com. (Accounting))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Thesis (D. Phil.(Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references.

Physical appearance is one of the most important cues that an individual uses in forming an impression of another person. Researchers have found that perceptions of age are negatively related to perceptions of physical attractiveness. Because salespeople are influential in affecting a store's sales, especially for nondurable goods (Undell, 1972), consumers' perceptions of salespeople may influence the store's image and sales outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate consumers' perceptions of salespeople of different ages and to determine if differences in these perceptions were related to consumers' age and salespersons' age. Two groups of subjects were investigated - younger adults (between 18 and 28 years of age) and older adults (55 years of age and older) . Younger adult subjects were recruited from university classrooms (n = 41). Older adult subjects were the recipients of Oregon Horne Economics Extension Newsletter (n = 46). The total sample size was 87. A questionnaire was used in the present study to investigate a consumer's perceptions. The questionnaire included three parts questions on the respondent's shopping patterns, a consumer shopping scenario which included the salesperson's age manipulation, and questions asking demographic information. Three dependent variables were measured in the questionnaire: perceptions of the salesperson's fashionability, product knowledge, and job performance. The data were analyzed using the chi-square statistic and content analysis. Results indicated that consumers' perceptions of a salesperson's fashionability was related to the age of the salesperson. Perceptions of a salesperson's fashionability was also related to the age of consumer and the age of the salesperson. Perceptions of the salesperson's product knowledge and performance were not related to the age of salesperson nor to the age of the consumers. / Graduation date: 1992

Frank M. Bass developed the Bass Diffusion Model to predict how innovative consumer durable products diffuse through consumer markets. This thesis will use data from 1999-2011 to examine the applicability of the Bass Diffusion Model to the introduction of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) in the automobile market. The findings in this thesis indicate the Bass Diffusion Model fit the diffusion pattern exhibited by AFVs well, but failed to accurately forecast diffusion patterns outside a given range of data. This thesis investigates potential reasons for the inaccurate 'Out of Sample Forecast', and gives recommendations for directions of future research on AFV diffusion.

La presente tesis es un estudio mediante simulaciones de dinámica molecular de los efectos de la polarización inducida en las propiedades de las sales fundidas, en concreto de los haluros de plata. Estas sales se caracterizan por exhibir en estado sólido conductividades iónicas excepcionalmente altas, comparables a las de los haluros alcalinos en fase líquida, lo que se conoce como comportamiento superiónico. Las aplicaciones tecnológicas de las sales superiónicas abarcan ámbitos diversos, como las baterías recargables de litio ligeras, las pilas de combustible o los sensores de gas. Los modelos utilizados para reproducir el comportamiento de las sales fundidas pueden clasificarse en dos categorías, modelos de ión polarizable (PIM) o de ión rígido (RIM), según si incluyen o no los momentos dipolares inducidos en los iones. Si en los PIM se asume que los momentos dipolares son debidos únicamente al campo eléctrico creado por los demás iones, en determinadas circunstancias puede producirse la polarización catastrófica, que consiste en un crecimiento incontrolado de los momentos dipolares iónicos. Las causas de esta anomalía y las circunstancias en que tiene lugar han sido analizadas teóricamente, y para evitarla se ha propuesto un nuevo tipo de PIM en los que a la polarización inducida por el campo eléctrico se añade la debida a la deformación de las capas electrónicas de los iones como consecuencia de su solapamiento con las de los vecinos más próximos. La influencia de la polarización en la estructura y el transporte iónico de AgBr y AgI fundidos se ha valorado comparando los resultados obtenidos con RIM y diversos PIM. Las propiedades simuladas con PIM en los que se tiene en cuenta la polarizabilidad de los aniones muestran un mejor acuerdo con los resultados experimentales, lo que permite concluir que la polarización juega un papel importante en estas sales. En particular, se consiguen reproducir los rasgos más característicos de los factores de estructura coherente estáticos obtenidos mediante la difracción de neutrones, como el triple rizado del pico principal de AgBr o el prepico de AgI. Las simulaciones permiten demostrar además que dicho prepico señala la existencia de una ordenación de medio alcance propiciada por la creación de zonas de baja densidad de cationes (o voids) como consecuencia de la inducción de polarización. Se ha deducido el teorema de fluctuación-disipación para la función de respuesta dieléctrica en PIM, que revela que la respuesta de una sal a un campo eléctrico externo débil depende de las correlaciones en el equilibrio entre momentos dipolares. El comportamiento de las propiedades dieléctricas de AgI y NaI fundidos muestra diferencias importantes en función de si se incluyen o no los efectos de la polarización. Además se han llevado a cabo simulaciones de AgI en estado sólido, que permiten reproducir el comportamiento superiónico de la fase -AgI, y se ha comenzado a estudiar de forma preliminar la estructura de CuI fundido, obteniendo de nuevo una mejora sustancial al tener en cuenta la polarización inducida en los iones de iodo. / The present PhD Thesis is a molecular dynamics (MD) study of the effects of induced polarization on the properties of molten salts, in particular silver halides. These salts are notable for exhibiting exceptionally high values of ionic conductivity in solid phase, comparable to those of molten alkali halides. Such a behaviour is known as superionic. The technological applications of superionic salts are widespread, ranging from lightweight high-power-density lithium-ion batteries to fuel cells or gas sensors. The models used to reproduce the molten salts behaviour can be classified into two categories: polarizable ion models (PIM) or rigid ion models (RIM), depending on whether they include or not the dipole moments induced on the ions. The PIM in which it is assumed that dipole moments are only caused by the electric field created by other ions can yield, in certain situations, to an unphysical growth of ionic dipoles, known as polarization catastrophe. The causes of this anomaly, and the circumstances in which it takes place, have been studied analytically, and a new type of PIM has been suggested to solve it. In these new models, a contribution to the polarization is added to that induced by the electric field, due to the deformation of the electronic shells of the ions as a consequence of their overlap with nearest-neighbour shells. The influence of polarization on the structure and ionic transport of molten silver bromide (AgBr) and iodide (AgI) has been assessed by comparing the results obtained with RIM and several different PIM. The properties simulated with PIM in which anion polarizability is allowed for show an improved agreement with experimental results. This fact allows us to conclude that polarization plays a major role in these salts. In particular it is possible to reproduce the main features of the coherent static structure factors obtained experimentally by neutron diffraction, like the three-peak feature characteristic of AgBr or the prepeak in AgI. Furthermore, MD simulations are useful to suggest that this prepeak signals the existence of a medium-range order in the salt structure, related to the opening of low-density cationic regions (or voids) as a result of induced polarization. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem for the dielectric response function in PIM has been theoretically derived. It proves that the molten salt response to the application of a weak external electric field depends on the equilibrium correlations of charge- and dipole moment-density. Molten AgI and NaI dielectric properties show important differences if polarization effects are included or not in the model. Simulations of silver iodide in solid state have been also performed, that succeed in reproducing the superionic behaviour of -AgI phase. In addition, a preliminary study of the structure of molten CuI has been made that concludes that substantial improvement is obtained provided that polarization induced on iodide ions is considered in the description.