Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 390-431).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-191).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by Fabiana Chiericci Lima (fachilima@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-18T02:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ versão REPOSITÓRIO.pdf: 5705378 bytes, checksum: c7d55056a7d422eb3569626f90d0b30e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Minervina Teixeira Lopes null (vina_lopes@bauru.unesp.br) on 2018-04-18T14:56:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_fc_me_bauru.pdf: 5638301 bytes, checksum: b47feaf9e263d4ef626f01b4ee37d45c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-18T14:56:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_fc_me_bauru.pdf: 5638301 bytes, checksum: b47feaf9e263d4ef626f01b4ee37d45c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o desenvolvimento de atitudes positivas e de autoconfiança, em relação à Matemática, em alunos do ensino fundamental I, 4º e 5º anos, por meio do uso de problemas não estruturados. Para solucionar esses problemas, que têm um perfil de enigma, os alunos em questão eram instigados a utilizar seus conhecimentos prévios, formulando questões e construindo a resolução em grupo, como um quebra-cabeça verbal. O fato de não possuir algoritmos prontos e acabados, faz com que esses problemas tragam um novo olhar do aluno para a disciplina de Matemática. E ainda, despertam a autoconfiança e as atitudes positivas por conseguirem solucionar problemas utilizando-se dos conhecimentos prévios adquiridos, ou seja, por encontrarem sentido nos conceitos matemáticos aprendidos. Essa pesquisa é de cunho quali-quantitativo que tem como eixo norteador o levantamento de dados, a compreensão de comportamentos, opiniões e expectativas e a análise da Escala de Atitudes da amostra utilizada. Através desta escala, foi possível considerar as atitudes positivas ou negativas de 16 alunos de uma escola pública estadual de ensino fundamental I da cidade de São Carlos em relação à disciplina. Considerando que o tempo foi breve e que cada indivíduo tem um tempo para ter seu insight, pode-se contemplar um resultado positivo, no qual constatamos um aumento de 31% para 75% dos alunos que passaram a ter atitudes positivas em relação à Matemática. Portanto, consideramos que há a necessidade de despertar no aluno sua autoconfiança e a atitudes positivas, o que pode contribuir para que tenham um melhor desempenho na disciplina. / The present research has as its main goal to assess the development of positive attitudes and self-reliance toward Mathematics, in students from elementary school I, 4th and 5th grades, with the use of non-structured problems. This research has a quali-quantitative status which owns a northern axis facing data collection, comprehension of behavior, opinions, and expectations, and also the Attitudes Range analysis from the sample used. Through the use of this one, it was possible to consider the positive or negative attitudes from 16 students of a public state school, from elementary school I in São Carlos. With the use of non-structured problems - with a puzzle profile - the students were instigated to search in their previous knowledge the solution to the problems that did not have concluded and ready-to-use algorithms. Considering the short time, and the fact that each individual has their own timing for insight, it is possible to reach a positive outcome, in which it was possible to identify a raise from 31% to 75% from students that started having positive attitudes toward Mathematics. In conclusion, we consider that there is a necessity for waking students up for self-reliance and positive attitudes which can bring a better performance at the subject.

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS) / Water provision is currently a global issue in the light of current and potential future shortages in both industrialized and developing countries. Presently, water provision is a top agenda item in any national developmental program. The United Nations General Assembly, in December 2003, proclaimed the years 2005 to 2015 as the International Decade for Action ‘Water for Life’. This will also involve the reduction by half, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 2015 whilst stopping unsustainable exploitation of water resources (ZNCU 2008). The ‘Water for Life’ decade is therefore expected to enhance efforts in fulfilling international commitments made on water and water-related issues by 2015. Water and sanitation is a part of goal seven of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and addresses environmental sustainability. Despite the fact that water provision is still a challenge in developing countries especially in the sub-Saharan-African region, ironically, a number of these countries are naturally endowed with vast resources of water. These water sources emanate mainly from lakes, rivers and streams which have not been appropriately exploited.To optimize water provision and water utilization, historically, different developmental approaches have been developed and debated. Amongst these is community participation, which enables people at the grassroots to determine the pace and nature of the development required. The thrust of community participation is that the citizenry should be involved in immediate choices and decisions that affect their lives. This is also the heart of sustainable development. In the context of water provision, community participation would therefore entail the people articulating their water needs and participating in the identification and implementation of water provision interventions. In the case of Chazanga however, community participation is a developmental initiative that is recognized and is expected to be embraced at the different levels of decision making at the grassroots in this particular case referring to water projects.The study through its objectives basically endeavours to: provide a critical review of the theoretical framework of Participatory Approaches for the topic under study; explore the effect or influence of community participation on water provision in peri-urban settlements such as Chazanga; assess the level of community participation in the WSUP water project in Chazanga community and; present the main findings, recommendations and conclusions of the study. In terms of research design, the investigation will use a case study that will be implemented through the qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations.In order to investigate the influence of community participation, the study has on the one hand provided an in-depth analysis of the water condition in the case study area. The findings show that water problems in Chazanga have been a source of concern before WSUP arrived in the settlement. On the other hand, the study provided evidence showing that the government of Zambia recognizes community participation as an important tool to address community problems from the social level. In this regard, the study discovered that there are strong structures of community participation at grassroots within Chazanga that converge frequently to discuss developments. However, there is interestingly a lack of appropriate feedback from the grassroots as community members representing the community on the Water Trust board have not informed government representatives of the development and presence of WSUP. This is as a result of the limited presence of government representatives at the grassroots level as their representation instead remains at higher levels in the community participation decentralized process.Recommendations of the study therefore suggest that the feedback process should be improved upon as well as taken advantage of, in order that government is better informed. This would as a result enhance more initiatives at community level, particularly in water provision. In addition, the study recommends an improvement on not only water supply but on sanitation issues which were discovered to be a critical issue. There is also a need to improve land allocation to make sure that boreholes are not too close to the water points. Other recommendations include the addressing of ethical issues in Chazanga which are a hindrance to community participation, as well as the immediate intervention in the improvement of livelihoods of the locals.

No description available.

The purpose of this investigation is to see how economic inequality, stereotypes, and unemployment affect the well-being of people who identify as middle class in central West Virginia. Questions include whether living in a place with high poverty rates, regardless of income, negatively affects a person’s attitude and well-being, and if middle class people are victims of “guilt-by-association” for living in a lower income county. The results of this study may help organizations like the ARC include data on well-being and life satisfaction alongside their economic reports. Moreover, the public may begin to view West Virginia differently, fueling tourism and overall economic growth. Relevant scholarship for this project includes: The Road to Poverty (Billings, Blee), Stigma (Goffman), Glass House (Alexander), Those Who Work, Those Who Don’t (Sherman), Women, Power, and Dissent… (Anglin), Man’s Search for Meaning (Frankl), and The Human Quest for Meaning (Wong). I am conducting phenomenological interviews of twelve people in six distressed counties and also administering the Life Attitudes Scale to determine their level of well-being. I will then use an ethnomethodological approach to analyze the lived experiences of these West Virginians. Specifically, I wish to understand how they confront the forces of Othering and dehumanization imposed on them by both cultural outsiders and regional organizations. In doing so, this study may prove that the social reality and moral framework constructed by the people who live in this area is far closer to the truth than any kind of statistical analysis.

A number of studies have investigated the factors that lead to peer acceptance in children. Particularly, the problem-solving skills of accepted and unaccepted children have been examined, with differences being substantiated. The present study investigated the possibility that problem-solving skill differences may be attributed to varying self-efficacy levels in children. Further, the communication styles of parents of high vs. low self-efficacy children were examined by observing parent/child interactions in a problem-solving situation. The results indicated that children did not differ in their ability to identify effective solutions to problems; rather, they did differ in their perceived ability to engage in effective solutions, with high self-efficacy children choosing more appropriate solutions as those that they would actually enact. Low self-efficacy children, on the other hand, chose less appropriate solutions as those that they would engage in. Finally, it was discovered that parents of high self-efficacy children utilized more positive types of messages (praise and modeling) than did those parents of low self-efficacy children. Low self-efficacy children had parents who utilized more controlling and negative types of communication styles. This study supports the motion that parents may be a significant contributing factor in the development of their child’s self-efficacy, which in turn affects the social problem-solving skills of children.

Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women contains didactic messages that teach readers valuable lessons about life through Mrs March’s very special kind of family education. It concentrates on the content of her education and her methods, relying on five main qualities—mercy, self-reliance, labor and duty, the family and modesty. These qualities are analysed from the point of view of the implied reader.

What is the sense of place of Mormon agricultural landscapes? That is to say, what makes an LDS Church-owned welfare farm or a Mormon family garden meaningful to those who interact with it? In formulating a partial answer to this question, this thesis demonstrates how religious ideals of self-reliance and social welfare explicitly define Mormon agricultural landscapes, providing a sacred sense of their purpose to those who work and benefit from them. However, these sacred landscapes are complicated by developments of industrial agricultural equipment, corporate institutions, and urban demographics, which tend to isolate people from each other and the land they live from while developing in them a false sense of independence and sustainability. The LDS Church and its membership have learned to mitigate these negative implications to a degree, though I suggest doctrinal reasons they could do better. As case studies, this thesis examines the motives and methods of an industrially scaled Church welfare farm in Blue Creek, Utah and a Mormon family garden in Bluffdale, Utah. Contextualized within relevant American and Mormon history, I explore the paradoxical sense of place of Mormon agricultural landscapes where ideals of self-reliance and social welfare thrive and social isolation and emotional interconnection coexist, which makes room for principles of economic efficiency and environmental conservation to find a compromise.