O objetivo deste estudo foi otimizar a multiplicação de brotações de Eucalyptus globulus Labill., por meio da definição do tamanho de explantes iniciais e de ajustes de nutrientes minerais do meio de cultura. Os meios de cultura utilizados foram o JADS (CORREIA et al., 1995), JADS modificado e o MS. Os tamanhos dos explantes foram definidos por suas massas frescas iniciais e classificados em T1 (0,1430g), T2 (0,2685g) e T3 (0,5180g). Inicialmente, os ajustes dos nutrientes minerais foram realizados de forma individual para cada nutriente e concentração utilizados: nitrogênio (NH4NO3), com suplementação de 45,0 (N1) e 65,0 (N2) mmol L-1; fósforo (KH2PO4), com suplementação de 1,0 (P1) e 2,0 (P2) mmol L-1; cálcio (CaCl2.2H2O), com suplementação 7,5 (Ca1) e 10,0 (Ca2) mmol L-1; e Magnésio (MgSO4.7H2O), com suplementação de 1,5 (Mg1) e 4,5 (Mg2) mmol L-1. Com base nos resultados iniciais, novos ajustes para nitrogênio e cálcio foram realizados: nitrogênio (NH4NO3) e cálcio (CaCl2.2H2O), com suplementação de 45,0 e 7,5 mmol L-1 (N1Ca1), respectivamente, e suplementação de 60,0 e 7,5 mmol L-1 (N2Ca1), respectivamente. Todos os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado (DIA); com 3 tratamentos e 4 repetições (tamanho do explante); 10 tratamentos e 3 repetições (ajuste inicial de nutrientes minerais) e 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições (ajuste final de nutrientes minerais). As características de crescimento, massas fresca e seca, porcentagem de massa seca e taxa de crescimento relativo (%) das brotações foram avaliadas semanalmente, durante os 28 dias de cultivo in vitro. As características de crescimento das brotações foram pouco afetadas pelo tamanho do explante inicial; no entanto, apresentaram deformações morfológicas em altas concentrações de nitrogênio. Todos os tratamentos apresentaram incrementos de massas seca e fresca. As porcentagens de massa seca foram menores nos tratamentos com maiores concentrações de nitrogênio (MS, N2 e N2Ca1). As maiores taxas de crescimento relativo foram observadas aos 7 dias de cultivo, e decresceram ao longo do período estudado. O meio de cultura JADS, apresentou crescimento das brotações considerado ótimo, porém não máximo. O meio de cultura MS apresentou crescimento das brotações fora dos padrões considerados ótimo e máximo. O meio de cultura JADS modificado, contendo 45,0 (N), 3,0 (P), 7,5 (Ca) e 3,0 (Mg), apresentou crescimento máximo das brotações e próximo ao ótimo. / The aim of this work was to optimize Eucalyptus globulus Labill. shoot multiplication in vitro through the definition of the initial explant size and the adjustment of mineral nutrients in the culture media. The culture media utilized were JADS (CORREIA et al., 1995), modified JADS and MS. The explants fresh weight were 0.1430 g (T1); 0.2685 g (T2) and 0.5180 g (T3). Initially, the mineral nutrient and concentrations utilized were: nitrogen (NH4NO3) with 45.0 (N1) and 60.0 (N2) mmol L-1; phosphate (KH2PO4) with 1.0 (P1) and 2.0 (P2) mmol L-1; calcium (CaCl2.2H2O) with 7.5 (Ca1) and 10.0 (Ca2) mmol L-1 and magnesium (MgSO4.7H2O) with 1.5 (Mg1) and 4.5 (Mg2) mmol L-1. Based on the initials results, new adjustments were made for nitrogen and calcium, and the concentrations utilized were (NH4NO3) and (CaCl2.2H2O) with 45.0 and 7.5 mmol L-1 (N1Ca1) and 60.0 and 7.5 mmol L-1 respectively. All the tests were carried out in a completely randomized design; with 3 treatments and 4 replicates (explant size); 10 treatments and 3 replicates (initial adjustment of mineral nutrients) and 4 treatments and 6 replicates (final mineral nutrient adjustment). The shoot growth characteristics, fresh and oven dry weight, oven dry weight percentage and relative growth rate were evaluated weekly for 28 day culture period. The explant initial size had little effect on the shoot growth characteristics. All the treatments with mineral nutrient adjustments showed fresh and oven dry weight increase. The oven dry weight percentage were lower in the treatments with high nitrogen concentrations (MS, N2 and N2Ca1). The highest relative growth rates were observed at the 7th day evaluation and lowered along the culture period. The JADS culture medium showed shoot growths considered optimum but not maximum. The MS culture medium showed shoot growths not considered optimum or maximum. The adjusted culture media with 45.0 (N), 3.0 (P), 7.5 (Ca) and 3.0 (Mg) showed shoot growth considered maximum and almost optimum.

O objetivo deste estudo foi otimizar a multiplicação de brotações de Eucalyptus globulus Labill., por meio da definição do tamanho de explantes iniciais e de ajustes de nutrientes minerais do meio de cultura. Os meios de cultura utilizados foram o JADS (CORREIA et al., 1995), JADS modificado e o MS. Os tamanhos dos explantes foram definidos por suas massas frescas iniciais e classificados em T1 (0,1430g), T2 (0,2685g) e T3 (0,5180g). Inicialmente, os ajustes dos nutrientes minerais foram realizados de forma individual para cada nutriente e concentração utilizados: nitrogênio (NH4NO3), com suplementação de 45,0 (N1) e 65,0 (N2) mmol L-1; fósforo (KH2PO4), com suplementação de 1,0 (P1) e 2,0 (P2) mmol L-1; cálcio (CaCl2.2H2O), com suplementação 7,5 (Ca1) e 10,0 (Ca2) mmol L-1; e Magnésio (MgSO4.7H2O), com suplementação de 1,5 (Mg1) e 4,5 (Mg2) mmol L-1. Com base nos resultados iniciais, novos ajustes para nitrogênio e cálcio foram realizados: nitrogênio (NH4NO3) e cálcio (CaCl2.2H2O), com suplementação de 45,0 e 7,5 mmol L-1 (N1Ca1), respectivamente, e suplementação de 60,0 e 7,5 mmol L-1 (N2Ca1), respectivamente. Todos os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado (DIA); com 3 tratamentos e 4 repetições (tamanho do explante); 10 tratamentos e 3 repetições (ajuste inicial de nutrientes minerais) e 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições (ajuste final de nutrientes minerais). As características de crescimento, massas fresca e seca, porcentagem de massa seca e taxa de crescimento relativo (%) das brotações foram avaliadas semanalmente, durante os 28 dias de cultivo in vitro. As características de crescimento das brotações foram pouco afetadas pelo tamanho do explante inicial; no entanto, apresentaram deformações morfológicas em altas concentrações de nitrogênio. Todos os tratamentos apresentaram incrementos de massas seca e fresca. As porcentagens de massa seca foram menores nos tratamentos com maiores concentrações de nitrogênio (MS, N2 e N2Ca1). As maiores taxas de crescimento relativo foram observadas aos 7 dias de cultivo, e decresceram ao longo do período estudado. O meio de cultura JADS, apresentou crescimento das brotações considerado ótimo, porém não máximo. O meio de cultura MS apresentou crescimento das brotações fora dos padrões considerados ótimo e máximo. O meio de cultura JADS modificado, contendo 45,0 (N), 3,0 (P), 7,5 (Ca) e 3,0 (Mg), apresentou crescimento máximo das brotações e próximo ao ótimo. / The aim of this work was to optimize Eucalyptus globulus Labill. shoot multiplication in vitro through the definition of the initial explant size and the adjustment of mineral nutrients in the culture media. The culture media utilized were JADS (CORREIA et al., 1995), modified JADS and MS. The explants fresh weight were 0.1430 g (T1); 0.2685 g (T2) and 0.5180 g (T3). Initially, the mineral nutrient and concentrations utilized were: nitrogen (NH4NO3) with 45.0 (N1) and 60.0 (N2) mmol L-1; phosphate (KH2PO4) with 1.0 (P1) and 2.0 (P2) mmol L-1; calcium (CaCl2.2H2O) with 7.5 (Ca1) and 10.0 (Ca2) mmol L-1 and magnesium (MgSO4.7H2O) with 1.5 (Mg1) and 4.5 (Mg2) mmol L-1. Based on the initials results, new adjustments were made for nitrogen and calcium, and the concentrations utilized were (NH4NO3) and (CaCl2.2H2O) with 45.0 and 7.5 mmol L-1 (N1Ca1) and 60.0 and 7.5 mmol L-1 respectively. All the tests were carried out in a completely randomized design; with 3 treatments and 4 replicates (explant size); 10 treatments and 3 replicates (initial adjustment of mineral nutrients) and 4 treatments and 6 replicates (final mineral nutrient adjustment). The shoot growth characteristics, fresh and oven dry weight, oven dry weight percentage and relative growth rate were evaluated weekly for 28 day culture period. The explant initial size had little effect on the shoot growth characteristics. All the treatments with mineral nutrient adjustments showed fresh and oven dry weight increase. The oven dry weight percentage were lower in the treatments with high nitrogen concentrations (MS, N2 and N2Ca1). The highest relative growth rates were observed at the 7th day evaluation and lowered along the culture period. The JADS culture medium showed shoot growths considered optimum but not maximum. The MS culture medium showed shoot growths not considered optimum or maximum. The adjusted culture media with 45.0 (N), 3.0 (P), 7.5 (Ca) and 3.0 (Mg) showed shoot growth considered maximum and almost optimum.

Atualmente, o termo sustentabilidade vem ganhando destaque dentro das atividades agrícolas e para a produção animal em pastagens não é diferente. As leguminosas forrageiras são conhecidas por algumas características peculiares como grande capacidade de fixação do nitrogênio atmosférico e elevado valor nutritivo, surgindo assim como uma alternativa viável nesse novo modelo de produção. Entretanto, muitas vezes práticas de manejo inadequadas acabam não permitindo a exploração do potencial dessas espécies, levando-as ao desuso. Dessa forma, conhecer a resposta de plantas (alterações em forma e função) a intensidades de pastejo é imprescindível para permitir a idealização de estratégias de manejo eficientes que possam contribuir para a otimização do processo produtivo em sistemas pastoris. Este trabalho fez parte de uma série de experimentos delineados com o propósito de avaliar aspectos gerais de crescimento e desenvolvimento do amendoim forrageiro sob pastejo e suas implicações sobre a produção de forragem e potencial de consumo pelos animais. Seu objetivo específico foi avaliar as características produtivas de Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte submetido a intensidades de pastejo sob lotação contínua. O experimento foi conduzido na Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\", Piracicaba, SP, de janeiro a dezembro de 2013. Os tratamentos corresponderam a intensidades de pastejo determinadas por alturas de manejo do pasto (5, 10, 15 e 20 cm), e foram alocados às unidades experimentais (piquetes de aproximadamente 200 m²) segundo delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram caracterizadas e determinadas as seguintes variáveis-resposta: índice de área foliar, ângulo da folhagem, interceptação luminosa do dossel, massa de forragem e sua composição botânica e morfológica, número e massa de nódulos radiculares, massa de raízes e acúmulo de forragem. As intensidades de pastejo promoveram alterações no crescimento e desenvolvimento do Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte. Pastos manejados com intensidade de pastejo mais leniente (15 e 20 cm) apresentaram maior índice de área foliar, ângulo da folhagem, massa de forragem, porcentagem de plantas invasoras e taxa de acúmulo de forragem (exceto no inverno). Em contrapartida, pastejos severos (5 e 10 cm) proporcionaram maiores valores de porcentagem de folíolos e pecíolos, relação folíolo/estolão, número e massa de nódulos, massa de raízes e taxa de acúmulo de forragem durante o inverno. A intensidade de pastejo não afetou o peso médio dos nódulos, somente o seu número e massa total. Outros aspectos produtivos apresentaram efeitos isolados de época do ano como porcentagem de estolão e de material morto, com maiores valores registrados no verão e no inverno, respectivamente. Estolões assim como folhas (folíolos e pecíolos) corresponderam às principais estruturas na determinação do crescimento das plantas, tendo sido afetados de forma direta pela intensidade de pastejo e época do ano. A intensidade de pastejo interferiu com a relação parte aérea/raízes, de forma que maior massa de raízes e de nódulos foram registradas nos pastos manejados a 5 e 10 cm e o maior IAF, interceptação de luz e acúmulo de forragem foram registrados nos pastos manejados a 15 e 20 cm. O fato indica uma relação de compensação entre número e massa de nódulos/raízes e IAF controlando o acúmulo de forragem, revelando grande plasticidade fenotípica potencial dessa planta forrageira e potencial de uso em pastagens. / In recent years the term sustainability is becoming increasingly important in agriculture, including animal production from pastoral systems. Forage legumes are known for some particular characteristics like large capacity for capturing atmospheric nitrogen and high nutritive value of the produced herbage, and for that reason is being considered as a viable alternative in this new production model. However, inadequate management practices often result in no realisation and exploitation of their production potential, resulting in low use of these plant species. For that reason, understanding of plant responses (modifications in form and function) to intensities of grazing is essential for allowing planning of efficient management practices aiming at optimising productivity in pastoral systems of animal production. This study was part of a series of experiments conceived with the purpose of evaluating general aspects of growth and development of forage peanut under grazing and their implications to herbage production and potential of herbage intake by grazing animals. The specific objective was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte subjected to intensities of grazing under continuous stocking. The experiment was carried out at Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\", Piracicaba, SP, from January to December 2013. Treatments corresponded to four intensities of grazing characterised by the sward management heights of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm. These were allocated to the experimental units (200 m2 paddocks) according to a randomised complete block design, with four replications. The following response variables were evaluated: sward leaf area index (LAI), foliage angle, canopy light interception (LI), herbage mass and its morphological and botanical composition, number and mass of root nodules, root mass and herbage accumulation. The grazing intensities interfered with growth and development of Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte. Swards managed at 15 and 20 cm showed higher LAI, foliage angle, herbage mass, percentage of weeds and herbage accumulation rates (except in winter) than those managed at 5 and 10 cm. On the other hand, swards managed at 5 and 10 cm showed higher percentage of leaf, leaf-to-stolon ratio, number and mass of root nodules, root mass and winter herbage accumulation rates. Grazing intensity did not affect average nodule weight, only nodule number and total mass. Other productive aspects revealed isolated effects of season of the year like percentages of stolon and dead material, with larger values recorded during summer and winter, respectively. Stolons as well as leaves corresponded to the main structures determining plant growth, and were directly affected by grazing intensity and season of the year. Grazing intensity interfered with the shoot-to-root ratio, with larger root and nodule mass being recorded on swards managed at 5 and 10 cm and larger LAI, LI and herbage accumulation recorded on swards managed at 15 and 20 cm. The fact indicates a compensating relationship between number and mass of nodules/roots and LAI controlling herbage accumulation, highlighting the large potential phonotypical plasticity of this forage plant and potential of use in pastures.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:25:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mari Roman.pdf: 1996303 bytes, checksum: 22872a541ea904a1f0fdd764e5ced3f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work had by objective to study and to model the spatial variability of variables relative at the wheat development cultivated in year 2003 in 22,62 ha pertain at Central Co-operative of Agricultural Research (COODETEC). Went used the cultivates Coodetec 101 (3,52 ha) and Coodetec 103 (18,10 ha). The samples went colected in gride of 50 x 50 m, totalized 89 points, the analysis unity a square with 0,25 m2. Went obtained data of emergency seedling, number of s-shoot, height of plants, number of spikes, length spikes, number of grain by spike, weight of thousand seed and production. The spatial dependence went more clear by mean number of s-shoot collected 60 days after to sow and crop height of plants. Variables with relation at the spike and the number of s-shoot 30 days after sow don t had spatial dependence. The others variables went considered with spatial dependence. To the variable spatial independence, compared the mean between the cultivates, and by mean number of s-shoot collected 30 days after to sow and length spikes the mean had difference signification in level of 5 %, by Tukey test. Went made prediction of all variables, spatial dependence or independence, to places no sampled by kriging technical and begot contour maps. There was spatial correlation negative and positive between variables, with correlation range of 200 till 700 m. / Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar e modelar a variabilidade espacial de variáveis referentes ao desenvolvimento do trigo cultivado no ano de 2003 em área de 22,62 ha pertencente à Cooperativa Central de Pesquisa Agrícola (COODETEC). Foram utilizadas cultivares CD 101 (3,52 ha) e CD 103 (18,10 ha). As amostragens foram em grade de 50 x 50 m, totalizando 89 pontos, a unidades de análise um quadrado de 0,25 m2. Foram obtidos dados de emergência de plântulas, número de perfilho, altura de plantas, número de espigas, comprimento de espigas, número de grãos por espiga, peso de mil sementes e produtividade. A dependência espacial foi mais evidente para o número médio de perfilhos por planta coletado 60 dias após a semeadura (DAS) e para a altura de plantas na colheita do trigo. Nas variáveis relacionadas com a espiga do trigo e os dados do número médio de perfilhos por planta 30 dias após semeadura não identificou-se dependência espacial. As demais variáveis foram consideradas espacialmente dependentes. Para as variáveis consideradas independentes espacialmente, comparou-se a média entre as cultivares, o número médio de perfilhos aos 30 DAS e o comprimento da espiga apresentaram médias significativamente diferentes ao nível de 5 % de significância pelo teste de Tukey. Estimou-se os valores das variáveis para locais não amostrados pela técnica da krigagem e foram gerados mapas de contorno, para as variáveis consideradas espacialmente dependentes ou independentes.Houve correlações espaciais negativas e positivas entre as variáveis consideradas, com alcances de correlação de 200 a 700 m.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mari Roman.pdf: 1996303 bytes, checksum: 22872a541ea904a1f0fdd764e5ced3f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work had by objective to study and to model the spatial variability of variables relative at the wheat development cultivated in year 2003 in 22,62 ha pertain at Central Co-operative of Agricultural Research (COODETEC). Went used the cultivates Coodetec 101 (3,52 ha) and Coodetec 103 (18,10 ha). The samples went colected in gride of 50 x 50 m, totalized 89 points, the analysis unity a square with 0,25 m2. Went obtained data of emergency seedling, number of s-shoot, height of plants, number of spikes, length spikes, number of grain by spike, weight of thousand seed and production. The spatial dependence went more clear by mean number of s-shoot collected 60 days after to sow and crop height of plants. Variables with relation at the spike and the number of s-shoot 30 days after sow don t had spatial dependence. The others variables went considered with spatial dependence. To the variable spatial independence, compared the mean between the cultivates, and by mean number of s-shoot collected 30 days after to sow and length spikes the mean had difference signification in level of 5 %, by Tukey test. Went made prediction of all variables, spatial dependence or independence, to places no sampled by kriging technical and begot contour maps. There was spatial correlation negative and positive between variables, with correlation range of 200 till 700 m. / Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar e modelar a variabilidade espacial de variáveis referentes ao desenvolvimento do trigo cultivado no ano de 2003 em área de 22,62 ha pertencente à Cooperativa Central de Pesquisa Agrícola (COODETEC). Foram utilizadas cultivares CD 101 (3,52 ha) e CD 103 (18,10 ha). As amostragens foram em grade de 50 x 50 m, totalizando 89 pontos, a unidades de análise um quadrado de 0,25 m2. Foram obtidos dados de emergência de plântulas, número de perfilho, altura de plantas, número de espigas, comprimento de espigas, número de grãos por espiga, peso de mil sementes e produtividade. A dependência espacial foi mais evidente para o número médio de perfilhos por planta coletado 60 dias após a semeadura (DAS) e para a altura de plantas na colheita do trigo. Nas variáveis relacionadas com a espiga do trigo e os dados do número médio de perfilhos por planta 30 dias após semeadura não identificou-se dependência espacial. As demais variáveis foram consideradas espacialmente dependentes. Para as variáveis consideradas independentes espacialmente, comparou-se a média entre as cultivares, o número médio de perfilhos aos 30 DAS e o comprimento da espiga apresentaram médias significativamente diferentes ao nível de 5 % de significância pelo teste de Tukey. Estimou-se os valores das variáveis para locais não amostrados pela técnica da krigagem e foram gerados mapas de contorno, para as variáveis consideradas espacialmente dependentes ou independentes.Houve correlações espaciais negativas e positivas entre as variáveis consideradas, com alcances de correlação de 200 a 700 m.

Genomic instability underlies diseases of unregulated cell growth that result in cancers and developmental abnormalities in humans. Similar genome destabilizing mechanisms are used to create genetic variety in crops for use in breeding and trait development. Errors that occur during DNA replication may cause mutations if they are not corrected before further cell divisions. DNA mismatch repair (MMR) corrects misinsertions and insertion/deletion DNA loop-outs that arise during DNA replication in plants, animals, prokaryotes, and some archaea, all of which incur mutations at rates 100 to 1,000-fold greater when subjected to inherited or somatic-mismatch repair deficiencies. An understanding of the effects of mismatch repair on somatic and germ-line cells in Arabidopsis thaliana is critical to the development of this plant as a model system for the study of genomic instability. Insertions and deletions of multiples of two base pairs in dinucleotide repeat sequences (microsatellites) occur more frequently in the absence of mismatch repair, and the mismatch-repair status of an individual, tissue, or cell may be inferred on the basis of microsatellite mutation frequency. Single-template PCR analysis measured microsatellite mutation frequencies in leaves and shoot-apical-meristem stem cells, and allowed me to address for the first time an important question: Do plants relax mismatch repair in vegetative tissues relative to meristematic germ-line and floral tissue? Analyses of four microsatellite loci in mismatch repair-deficient and wild type plants surprisingly suggest that there is little difference in mismatch repair activity between leaves and seeds. Mismatch-repair-deficient leaves displayed only two-fold higher microsatellite mutation frequency compared to wild type, and wild-type leaves also displayed a two-fold higher microsatellite mutation frequency compared to shoot-apical- meristems. The high frequency of microsatellite mutation in these wildtype tissues is unexpected, and it suggests that plants relax mismatch repair in differentiated tissues while maintaining genetic fidelity in a small set of stem cells in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Genome sequencing of msh2⁻/⁻ mutation accumulation A. thaliana lines provides an estimated germ-line mutation rate of 3.9 × 10⁻⁷ in the absence of mismatch repair. Comparison of the rates of base substitution mutation per chromosome in mismatch repair-deficient plants with rates reported for wild-type plants suggests mismatch repair is more efficient on chromosome 5 than on chromosomes 1-4. Bias towards G:C → A:T mutations among transitions is maintained but increased nearly 100-fold in the absence of mismatch repair. / Graduation date: 2012

This Master’s thesis studies the possibility of using image processing as a tool to facilitate vine management, in particular shoot counting and assessment of the grapevine canopy. Both are areas where manual inspection is done today. The thesis presents methods of capturing images and segmenting different parts of a vine. It also presents and evaluates different approaches on how shoot counting can be done. Within canopy assessment, the emphasis is on methods to estimate canopy density. Other possible assessment areas are also discussed, such as canopy colour and measurement of canopy gaps and fruit exposure. An example of a vine assessment system is given.

<p>This Master’s thesis studies the possibility of using image processing as a tool to facilitate vine management, in particular shoot counting and assessment of the grapevine canopy. Both are areas where manual inspection is done today. The thesis presents methods of capturing images and segmenting different parts of a vine. It also presents and evaluates different approaches on how shoot counting can be done. Within canopy assessment, the emphasis is on methods to estimate canopy density. Other possible assessment areas are also discussed, such as canopy colour and measurement of canopy gaps and fruit exposure. An example of a vine assessment system is given.</p>

Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe pateikiamas augimo reguliatorių bei sacharidų derinių poveikis skirtingų sėmeninių linų veislių morfogenezei izoliuotų dulkinių kultūroje. Darbo objektas – sėmeninių linų veislės ‘Atalante, ‘Barbara’, ‘Dnepr-2’, ‘Lirina’, ‘Mikael’, ‘Norman’. Darbo metodai: tirtų genotipų izoliuotos dulkinės augintos maitinamosiose terpėse, besiskiriančiose augimo reguliatorių bei sacharidų kiekiais. Vertintas kaliaus formavimosi dažnis, ūglių formavimosi dažnis, bei ūglių kiekis iš eksplanto. Darbo rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad sėmeninių linų kaliaus formavimosi intensyvumas priklausė ne tik nuo egzogeninių augimo reguliatorių, sacharidų, bet ir nuo genotipo. Genotipų ‘Lirina’ dulkinės statistiškai patikimai intensyviau kalių formavo maitinamojoje terpėje, papildytoje augimo reguliatorių deriniu 1,0 mg l-1 BAP + 2,0 mg l-1 IAR. Sacharozės kiekis maitinamojoje terpėje turi būti parenkamas kiekvienam genotipui individualiai. Genotipų ‘Mikael’, ʽLirina‘ ir ‘Dnepr-2’ izoliuotos dulkinės, intensyviau kalių formavo terpėje su 6% sacharozės, o genotipų – ‘Barbara’, ‘Norman’ ir ‘Atalante’ – terpėje su 3% sacharozė + 3% maltozės, nepriklausomai nuo augimo reguliatorių derinio maitinamojoje terpėje. Silpniausiomis organogenetinėmis savybėmis pasižymėjo genotipo ‘Barbara’ kalius, ūglius formavęs 0,00%–5,83% dažniu, o intensyviausiomis ūglių regeneravimo galimybėmis pasižymėjo genotipo ‘Dnepr -2’ izoliuotų dulkinių indukuotas kalius. Genotipo ‘Mikael’ indukuotas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The master work presents the results of different linseed genotypes morphogenetic ability, when using different growth regulators and sacharides. Object of the work – linseed flax cultivars ‘Lirina’, ‘Barbara’, ‘Mikael’, ‘Dnepr-2’, ‘Atalante’, ‘Norman’ in anther culture Method of the work – there were analysed different genotype anthers, which were grown in media differing in their levels of growth regulators and sucharides to callus induction. There were also evaluated callus formation frequency, shoot formation frequency, and shoots number per explant. The results of work. It was found that linseed callus formation frequency depends not only on the exogenous growth regulators, sacharides, but also on the genotype. Genotype ʽLirina’ anthers significantly more intensive formated callus in nutrient medium supplemented with growth regulators combination of 1.0 mg l-1 BAP + 2.0 mg l-1 IAA. Sucrose content in nutrient medium must be selected individually for each genotype. Genotypes ‘Mikael’, ‘Lirina’ and ‘Dnepr-2’ isolated anthers, more intensive formed callus in medium containing 6% sucrose, and genotype - ‘Barbara ’, ‘Norman’ and ‘Atalante’ in medium with 3% sucrose + 3% maltose, independent of the growth regulator combination in nutrient medium. Organogeticly weakest features of genotype was characterized by genotype ʽBarbara' callus, shoots formation varied from 0.00% to 5.83%, and the intensive potential of shoot regeneration was characterized from genotype ‘Dnepr -2’... [to full text]

In this study, optimization of a transformation and regeneration system via indirect and direct organogenesis in cotyledon, hypocotyl, petiole, leaf and shoot base tissues of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. ELK 345 and 1195) was investigated. Two different germination, three different callus induction and shoot induction medium was used for indirect organogenesis of sugar beet cultivar ELK 345. Except cotyledon, other explants (hypocotyl, petiole and leaf) produced callus. However no shoot development was observed from callus of these explants. Shoot base tissue of sugar beet cultivar 1195 was employed for direct organogenesis. Shoot development was achieved via direct organogenesis using 0.1 mg/L IBA and 0.25 mg/L BA. Root development and high acclimatization rate were accomplished from shoot base tissue. Different concentrations of kanamycin and PPT were applied to leaf blade explants to find out optimum dose for selection of transformants. Kanamycin at 150 mg/L and PPT at 3 mg/L totally inhibited shoot development from leaf blades. Moreover, an Agrobacterium mediated transformation procedure for leaf explants of ELK 345 was also optimized by monitoring transient uidA expression 3rd days after transformation. Effects of different parameters (vacuum infiltration, bacterial growth medium, inoculation time with bacteria, Agrobacterium strains and L-cysteine application in co-cultivation medium) were investigated to improve transformation procedure. Vacuum infiltration and Agrobacterium strains were significantly improved transformation procedure. Percentage of GUS expressing areas on leaves increased three folds from the beginning of the study.