To meet the need of making clinical evaluations in the most efficient way, many scales and short forms of the MMPI have been developed. A review of the literature indicated that the Mini-Mult devised by Kincannon (1967) and the Short Form by Hugo (1971a) were the best short forms of the MMPI which have been constructed. The purpose of this study was to determine which of these short forms would most accurately predict the standard MMPI in a clinical population.

No description available.

This study investigated the utility of the MMPI-A short form described by Archer, Tirrell, and Elkins (2001) for detecting the presence of emotionality in adolescents in the school setting. Students were placed in one of three groups based on their performance on an established and frequently used self-report measure of personality, the Behavior Assessment System for Children-II (BASC- 2). Subjects who had significant elevations on one or more of the scales in Internalizing Index on the BASC-2 were placed in the Clinical group and subjects who had significant elevations on one or more of the scales the School Problems Index or Personal Adjustment Index were placed in the Adjustment group. Those without significant elevations on the BASC-2 were placed in the Nonclinical group. Differences between the three groups on each of the MMPI-A short form clinical scales were reported. The results indicated that the students in the Clinical group scored higher than students in the Non-clinical group on each of the MMPI-A short form scales. Adjustment group scores tended to be higher than Non-clinical group scores but not all scales were significantly higher. Discriminant analysis correctly classified 75% of the non-clinical group, 52% of the Clinical group, but only 37% of the Adjustment group. These findings, combined with additional analysis of clinical relevant data, provided positive indicators supporting the use of the short form in clinical settings.

Bakgrund: I Sverige lever cirka 1,1 miljoner individer med en hjärt-kärlsjukdom. Hjärt-kärlsjuka individer skattar sin hälsorelaterade livskvalitet lägre än normalbefolkningen och lågt skattad hälsorelaterad livskvalitet kan medföra fler inläggningar på sjukhus samt en ökad risk att avlida i sin hjärt- kärlsjukdom. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos hjärt- kärlsjuka individer och hur kön, ålder, tobaksanvändning, graden av fysisk aktivitet, eller samtida sjukdom påverkar den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. Metod: Empirisk, deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Valt mätinstrument var Short-Form 36 (SF-36), skala 0-100 där ett högre värde motsvarar en högre skattad hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Databearbetning genomfördes med deskriptiv och analyserande statistik där SF-36 testades mot kön, ålder, tobaksvanor, graden av fysisk aktivitet, eller samtida sjukdom. Resultat: Totalt inkluderades 53 hjärt- kärlsjuka individer, varav 28 var män. Medelåldern i gruppen var 69,5 år (SD 11,9 år). Samtida sjukdomar var den bakgrundsvariabel som påverkade skattningen av hälsorelaterad livskvalitet mest, men även kön, grad av fysisk aktivitet och ålder påverkar skattningen av hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Tobaksanvändning påverkade inte den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. Konklusion: Denna studie visar att omvårdnadsåtgärder bör inriktas hos hjärt- kärlsjuka individer med annan samtida sjukdom. Sjuksköterskan bör även identifiera grad av fysisk aktivitet, ålder och kön för att på så sätt arbeta preventivt mot en förbättrad hälsorelaterad livskvalitet.

Background: Health Canada recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months postpartum with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years and beyond. While 88% of Canadian mothers initiate breastfeeding, only 70% of mothers continue to do so at 4 weeks postpartum and only 14% are exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a potentially modifiable variable that has been associated with mothers’ breastfeeding practices. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (Short-Form) is an instrument that could potentially identify women with low breastfeeding self-efficacy during the in hospital period. Purpose: To describe the breastfeeding practices of new mothers in the Kingston, Frontenac and Lennox & Addington area and to assess the association between in-hospital scores on the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (Short-Form) and duration of breastfeeding. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of a dataset from the 2008 Infant Feeding Survey, a prospective study of 463 mothers with 12-month longitudinal follow-up. Data were weighted according to the maternal age distribution of the general population of new mothers. Breastfeeding practices were described using Kaplan-Meier survival distributions. Four outcomes were described: ‘exclusive breastfeeding from birth’, ‘exclusive breastfeeding from discharge’, ‘high breastfeeding’, and ‘any breastfeeding’. Using logistic regression, scores from the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (Short-Form) were assessed for association with duration of ‘exclusive breastfeeding from birth’ and duration of ‘any breastfeeding’ (dichotomized as ‘less than 6 weeks’ and ‘6 weeks or beyond’). Results: The sample was highly educated (75% had post-secondary education) and reported high levels of household income (37% reported >$80,000/year). Six percent of mothers exclusively breastfed to 6 months. Close to one quarter (24%) of women sustained some extent of breastfeeding for 12 months. The relationship between scores on the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (Short-Form) and duration of ‘exclusive breastfeeding from birth’ and the relationship between self-efficacy scores and duration of ‘any breastfeeding’ were identical (OR = 1.05) and non-significant (95% CI 1.0-1.1). Conclusion: This study did not show a significant relationship between in-hospital scores on the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (Short-Form) and duration of breastfeeding. Given the high socioeconomic status of women in this study, further studies are warranted to confirm these results. / Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2011-12-06 14:46:41.103

Many factors influence the response rate of a survey or questionnaire. The BYU alumni questionnaire was initially a lengthy survey with over 200 questions. After a short version of the questionnaire was created and administered, response rates appear to have increased substantially. Male respondents appear particularly more inclined to respond to the shortened version compared to the long version. The questionnaire is examined through various statistical analyses and compared between the short and long versions. Results are presented in the context of existing research on response rates and response quality.

No description available.

A crescente importância da QV enquanto desfecho em saúde fez o grupo WHOQOL, da OMS, elaborar medidas de avaliação de QV para utilização internacional. Com a necessidade de instrumentos menores que demandassem pouco tempo para o preenchimento, foi desenvolvido o EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM, originado dos itens do WHOQOL- BREF. Objetivos: Testar as propriedades psicométricas do EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM em uma amostra brasileira. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída de 325 indivíduos. Eles foram divididos em dois grupos, 151 indivíduos constituiram o grupo dos doentes do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, e 174 o grupo dos saudáveis. Para a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do índice EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM, foram realizadas algumas análises. A Consistência Interna, foi avaliada usando o Alpha de Cronbach. A validade discriminante foi avaliada comparando o grupo de doentes e saudáveis e também o de deprimidos e não-deprimidos. A análise da validade convergente ocorreu através da correlação do EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM com diferentes medidas de QV já validadas e reconhecidas, o SF-36 e o WHOQOL-BREF. A análise fatorial foi avaliada usando o modelo de equação estrutural (SEM). Avaliou-se a unidimensionalidade usando as propriedades do modelo de Rasch. Resultados: A consistência interna avaliada pelo Alpha de Cronbach (com valor de 0,81) monstrou-se boa. O índice EURO-HIS–QOL 8-ITEM também mostrou boa capacidade discriminativa entre os grupos de doentes e saudáveis (média1=3,32; DP1=0,70; média2=3,77; DP2=0,63 t =6,12, p < 0,001) e também entre os grupos de deprimidos e não deprimidos (média3=3,14; DP3=0,69; média4=3,72; DP4=0,61 t = 7,25 p <0,001). O instrumento demonstrou boa validade convergente, através de correlações significativas (p < 0,001) entre o EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM e todos os domínidos do WHOQOL- BREF (QV Geral r = 0,47; Saúde Geral r= 0,54; Físico r = 0,69; Psicológico r = 0,62; Relações Sociais r = 0,55; Meio Ambiente r = 0,55) e entre o EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM e os domínios do SF-36 (QV Geral r = 0,36; Capacidade Funcional r =0,49; Limitação Física r = 0,45; Dor r = 0,43; Saúde Geral r = 0,52; Vitalidade r = 0,21; Aspectos Sociais r = 0,45; Aspectos Emocionais r = 0,38 e Saúde Mental r = 0,17), com exceção do domínio social (p = 0,38). Na análise de Rasch, as medidas de ajuste geral do modelo apresentaram adequado desempenho estatístico e foi considerado um bom ajuste logo na primeira avaliação (Ajuste de resíduo Interação Item pessoa: M= 0,01 e DP= 1,51; ajuste de resíduo de pessoa: M = -0,38 e DP= 1,19 e Item traço: Item total X²=69,60 p=0,00. Personal Separation Index = 0,82), ou seja, os resíduos foram aceitáveis, não foi preciso excluir itens. O EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM, apresentou bom ajuste aos dados na análise fatorial confirmatória (X²= 18,46; DF= 15; CFI= 0,99; RMSEA= 0,03; GFI = 0,99; RMR=0,03; P = p,24). Conclusão: O EURHIS-QOL 8-ITEM, validado em amostras europeias apresentou adequadas propriedades psicométricas neste estudo, mostrando-se uma medida confiável de QV para ser usada em amostras brasileiras. / In the 70s, quality of life began to be considered a health outcome. With the growing importance of this assessment in different areas of medicine, there were no instruments developed in the cross-cultural perspective for international use. In this context, quality of life assessement outcome measures were developed by the WHOQOL group from WHO. With the need of shorter instruments which demanded less time to be filled in, the EUROHIS-QOL 8 ITEM was developed, originated from WHOQOL-BREF items. Objectives: Test the psychometric properties of EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM in a Brazilian sample. Methods: The sample consisted of 325 individuals. They were divided in to two groups, 151 subjects constituted the group of patients from the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, RS, and 174 subjects the group of healthy controls. Some analyses were performed for the assessment of the psychometric properties of EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM index. Internal consistency was measured by using Cronbach’s alpha. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing the group of patients and healthy controls and also the depressed and nondepressed. Analysis of convergent validity was through the correlation of EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM with different quality of life measures already validated and recognized as the SF-36 and WHOQO-BREF. Factor analysis was assessed using structural equation model (SEM). Unidimensionality was assessed using the properties of the Rasch model. Results: The Cronbach's alpha showed good internal consistency (with a value of 0.81). The measure also showed good discriminative ability between the groups of patients and healthy controls (mean1=3.32; SD1=0.70; mean2=3.77; SD2=0.63 t =6.12, p = 0,00) and between the depressed and nondepressed groups (mean3=3.14; SD3=0.69; mean4=3.72; SD4=0.61 t = 7.25 p =0.00). The instrument showed good convergent validity through significant correlations ( p < 0.001 ) between the EUROHIS–QOL 8-ITEM and all domains of WHOQOL-BREF (QV Overall r = 0.47; General Health r= 0.54; Physical Health r = 0.69; Psychological Health r = 0.62; Social Relationship r = 0.55; Meio Environment r = 0.55) and between EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM and the domains of the SF-36 (QV Overall r = 0.36; Functioning Physical r =0.49; Role Physical r = 0.45; Bodily Pain r = 0.43; General Health r = 0.52; Vitality r = 0.21; Social Functioning r = 0.45; Role Emotional r = 0.38 and Mental Health r = 0.17) , except for the social domain ( p = 0.38). In the Rasch analysis, general fit measures of the model had adequate statistical performance and were considered a good fit at the first assessment (residual fit Item-person Interaction: M = 0.01, SD = 1.51; person residual fit: M = -0.38, SD = 1.19 and Item-trait: Total Item X² = 69.60 p = 0.00. Personal Separation Index = 0.82), that is, the residuals were acceptable, it was not necessary to exclude items. The EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM showed a good fit to the data in the confirmatory factor analysis (X² = 18.46, DF = 15; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.03; GFI = 0.99; RMR = 0.03; P = 24). Conclusion: EUROHIS-QOL 8-ITEM, validated in European samples, showed adequate psychometric properties in this study showing to be a reliable quality of life measure to be used in Brazilian samples.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.