The subject of the dissertations thesis has been the analysis of utilizing the bulk milk sample as a indicator of the stable environment of cattle of the Holstein. The monitoring was carried out in the Czech Republic in the ŠPZ Žabčice in 55 weeks (between January 2013 and February 2014). Bulk milk samples can be taken as indicators of the quality of the stable environment. We have found out that the average temperature in the stable had a significant influence on the average morning milk yield, on the content of fat, solids non-fat, minerals, active and titration acidities, freezing point of milk (BMM), density, rennet coagulation time, chloride-lactose ratio. The average relative humidity (RH) in the stable conclusively proved the average morning milk yield, content of fat and minerals, active and titration acidity and rennet coagulation time. During the evaluation of the influence of the average THI in a stable on milk composition and milk properties was evaluated as a significant effect on the average morning milk yield, content of fat, minerals, the value of active acidity and titration acidity, freezing point of milk, rennet coagulation time, quality curd and the number of somatic cells counts. The statistically significant effect of the light intensity in the stable was influence on the average morning milk yield and on the value of the titration acidity. When monitoring the influence of the refrigeration value on the composition and properties of milk, we found out its conclusive influence on the average morning milk yield, value of titration acidity and BMM. We have found out that the air velocity in the stable had the conclusive influence on the content of magnesium in the milk. Parameters of stable environment were ranked in terms of their impact on the composition and properties of bulk tank milk samples (from the highest correlation to the lowest): average temperature, average THI, average RH, refrigeration value, light intensity and air velocity. Number of chewing movements can be considered as indicators of quality breeding environments.

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In my diploma thesis, I have been observing the influence of the milk yield on the exterior changes of cows of the Czech Fleckfieh breed. The monitoring was carried out in August 2017 at PROAGRO Radešínská Svratka a.s. in a group of 83 cows on the second and third lactations for which an exterior evaluation of linear description was performed at the first lactation. The cows were subsequently evaluated by a linear description on the currently ongoing lactation. The whole set was then divided into three groups according to the milk yield values for cows with low, medium and high milk yields. The obtained data were statistically analyzed and the effect of the performance on the exterior was evaluated. The obtained results show statistically significant relationships between groups of cows according to their performance and the monitored parameters of milk yield. There was also a statistically significant relationship between the milk yield and the height at the withers and cross, the chest circumference, the rump length, the hip width, the rear udder length and total indexes for frame, muscularity, and feet and legs.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to elaborate a literature review dealing with the influence of the breeding environment on milk performance and behavior of dairy cows. The diploma thesis deals with influences on resting behavior of animals and time period during ruminating. Two companies dealing with the breeding of the Holstein breed were monitored in the work. Both companies met the breeding goal of the breed. Furthermo-re, the average temperature and its effect on cows' rest were recorded. Significant in-fluence of summer temperatures on dairy cows was found. The influence of the length of the box bed on the resting behavior of dairy cows in the stable was also examined. The length of the box bed significantly influenced rest behavior. And in the last part, rumination was solved.

The aim of the thesis was monitor and evaluate the condition of the musculoskeletal sys-ten of cattle on a selected farm. A literature review has been prepared for this issue. The locomotor scores in the calves, heifers and cows at monthly intervals were monitored. In lame animals, examination and subsequent description of disease findings were perfor-med. Furthermore, the success and time demands of treatment were monitored.Formula clause:cattle, hooves diseases, lame, treatment, care

The main objective of this thesis is to assess the influence of condition of Holstein cattle during the dry period on the quality of colostrum and on the milk yield. The assessment is based on Body Condition Score (BCS) performed on dairy cows during the dry period and, subsequently, after calving. The experiment was carried on from December 2015 to October 2016 in Mléčná farma Lubina, s. r. o. farm. The Body Condition Score was assessed in the dry period and then within a week after calving. The overall number of examined animals is 384 cows in the dry period and 384 cows after calving. An hour after calving, a sample of colostrum was taken and its quality was assessed by a manual refractometer ATC (with automatic temperature compensation). The parameters of milk yield were obtained from the milk yield examination of each dairy cow 100 days after calving. The experiment showed that the physical condition of dairy cows in the dry period was highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges and that the physical condition after calving was also highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges. Furthermore, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,05) on the contents of proteins in milk of dairy cows with BCS is smaller or equal than 3 (3,77 %) and of dairy cows with optimum BCS of 3,25 to 3,75 (3,89 %) was proved. In case of succession of lactation periods, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) was proved on milk yield of cows in their 2nd lactation period (38,16 kg) and cows in their 3rd lactation period (41,17 kg), as well as on cows in their 4th lactation period (38,59 kg). Also, the statistically conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) on the contents of proteins in milk and of lactose of dairy cows in their 2nd lactation period (3,71 % a 5,03 %) and of dairy cows in their 4th lactation period and latter (4,10 % a 4,96 %) was proved. Other results weren´t statistically significant.

The quality of milk in cattle is influenced by many genes. One of them is gene CSN2. The aim of this diploma thesis was to test animal population of about 240 individuals of Jersey and Brown Swiss breed in Czech Republic. DNA was isolated from blood. Genotypes were determined by sequencing followed by determining genotypes and alleles frequencies. The association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism with milk yield parameters was performed by using SAS program. The selected parameters were lactation days, milk yield (kg), fat content in milk (% and kg) and protein content (% and kg). These parameters were available for 126 animals. Statistically significant effect of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk production traits was not found in the studied population. Only effect of breed was found as statistically significant.

Theme of this work is breeding of cattle meat breed Hereford breed and their crossbreds with Charolais and Czech spotted cattle. We monitored the influence of sex, breed of father and mother, parity and month of calving on the average weight of calves at 120, 210 and 365 days of animal age. Growth of calves in individual cross combinations were evaluated too. The study was performed on the selected herd of 215 pieces of cattle: 85 of Hereford breed, 68 of Charolais breed and 62 of Czech spotted cattle breed. The herd is bred on the private farm with a total area 90ha of pastures located in the South Bohemian village Lhota near Mladosovice. We used information and performance of the herd of cattle between the years: 2017 and 2018. This diploma thesis confirms that higher average weights can be attain as crossbreeding of meat breeds and also by crossbreeds with dual purpose cattle breeds. Calves born in the late months of the year come up to higher average weights too. From the statistical analysis it is possible to prove the influence of the parent combination on the average weights of calves and their weight gains. The lowest weight gains were observed in calves of crossbred combination of Charolais vs. Czech spotted cattle (0.83 kg per day) and the highest values were detected in calves of Charolais vs. Hereford breeds (1 kg per day).