A pesquisa acompanha as experiências sociais de mulheres escravas, libertas e descendentes livres, na cidade de São Paulo, durante o último quartel do século XIX, no processo social da transição do trabalho escravo para o livre. Pesquisamos livros de inscrições e de contratos de trabalho livre, exigências previstas pelas Posturas Municipais sobre Criados e Amas de Leite, de 1886. O conjunto de regulamentos vinha formalizar deveres e obrigações para empregadores e trabalhadores livres, no contexto do crescimento urbano acelerado, do processo avançado da abolição e da política imigratória que conduziam para a Capital imigrantes pobres e libertos destutelados. Migrantes das regiões escravistas da Província e daquelas que forneceram escravos para o tráfico interprovincial, africanas livres e nascidas na Capital empregaram-se nas residências das elites e camadas médias urbanas. Vislumbramos as estratégias de sobrevivência das agentes do trabalho doméstico livres e pobres, que a polícia registrava nos anos finais do regime escravista. Afastadas das atividades rentáveis, no contexto de pouca diversificação econômica, ex-escravas e descendentes livres sobreviveram dos parcos ganhos auferidos daqueles serviços socialmente desqualificados, dos quais os membros das elites e classes médias dependiam: fazendeiros, estrangeiros proprietários de hotéis, donos de confeitarias, coronéis, funcionários públicos, profissionais liberais, viúvas pobres e remediadas. Reconstituímos o cotidiano dos variados trabalhos que desempenharam a cozinha, a lavagem e o engomado das roupas, a limpeza da casa, o cuidado e o aleitamento de crianças , transitando entre as ruas, as várzeas dos rios e o tenso ambiente das casas. Das entrelinhas dos textos emergem libertas dispostas a improvisar variadas formas de resistência e recusa à opressão cotidiana. Experimentaram as liberdades possíveis e inegociáveis: recusaram com suas indisciplinas as jornadas extenuantes de trabalho, conquistaram aumentos salariais, cuidaram de seus doentes, compartilharam moradias com seus companheiros e filhos. Abandonando por fim os sobrados, indispuseram-se ao assédio sexual, aos maus tratos e aos baixos ordenados, que nem sempre recebiam: permanências de um escravismo doméstico e persistente, que, com suas práticas, ousaram recusar. / The research assembles the social experiences of slave women, released and free descendants in São Paulo during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, in the social process of transition from slave work to freedom. In order to accomplished our aim, we rummage into the books, subscriptions and free employment contracts, requirements established by Municipal ordinances on Criadas e Amas de Leite, from 1886. The ensemble of regulations was made in order to formalize the duties and obligations for employers and free employees , in the context of hasty urban growth the advanced process of abolition and the immigration policy that led, to the main city, poor immigrants and unruly people. Migrants from provincial slavery region sand those slaveholders who provided slaves to an interprovincial trafficking, mainly free African born, were employed in the elite and urban middle classes residences. We glimpse the survival strategies from poor and free agents of the housework registered by the police during the final years of the slave regime. Displaced from profitable activities in the context of low economic diversification, formers slaves and free descendants survived from meager gains earned from these socially unskilled services of which the members of the elite and middle classes depended and profited: farmers, foreigners hotel owners, colonels, civil servants, professional, widows and poor remedied. Our research attempt to reconstruct the daily life of several jobs that these free women have done in the new social order: the kitchen, washing and ironing clothes, cleaning the house, care and feeding children, traffic in the streets, the riverside and the tense environment of the houses. Reading between the lines of texts, it is possible to observe the existence of released women willing to improvise various ways of resistance and rejection of everyday oppression. Their experience makes possible ways of non-negotiable freedom, refusing, with their misbehavior, the days of exhausting work, consequently, winning wage increases, caring for their patients and the possibility of sharing housing with their partners and children. With the further abandon of the traditional townhouses, they eventually avoid the sexual harassment and the bad treatment: sojourn of domestic and persistent slavery, that these women, with their daily practices, have dared to decline.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-02T18:56:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renilda Vicenzi_.pdf: 4735040 bytes, checksum: 06f9c8985acd1f0a62240466b39c7395 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-02T18:56:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renilda Vicenzi_.pdf: 4735040 bytes, checksum: 06f9c8985acd1f0a62240466b39c7395 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-10 / Milton Valente / Analisar as dinâmicas de ocupação do espaço da vila de Lages, situada no caminho das tropas entre os campos de Curitiba e de Viamão, no final do século XVIII e primeiras décadas do XIX, constitui-se em objetivo central deste trabalho. Para tanto, através das trajetórias de indivíduos de diferentes origens e cor, analisamos a formação agrária e social desse espaço. Nas propriedades agrícolas dos campos de Lages, além da criação de animais (vacuns, cavalares e muares) para comercialização primeiramente no mercado de Sorocaba (SP) e depois de Desterro (SC), havia a produção agrícola de mantimentos para o consumo nas propriedades, e os parcos excedentes eram comercializados no pequeno núcleo urbano da vila. Nas propriedades (fazendas, sítios e chácaras), viviam lado a lado homens livres e cativos. Em geral, os proprietários de sítios e chácaras tinham sua mão de obra formada pelo núcleo familiar, e esporadicamente havia a presença de agregados e um ou dois cativos. Já os senhores de fazendas viviam com suas famílias, cativos e agregados. Ser proprietário de terras e de cativos não era exclusividade para brancos; pardos e pretos também o eram. / Analyzing the dynamics of space occupation of Lages village, situated on the way of troops between the fields of Curitiba and Viamão, in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, constitutes a central objective of this work. Therefore, through the trajectories of individuals from different backgrounds and color, we analyze the agrarian and social formation of these places. On farms of Lages fields, besides breeding (vacuns, horsy and mules) for marketing starting in Sorocaba (SP) markets followed by Desterro (SC), there was the agricultural production of food for internal expenses in the properties, and the meager excess were sold in small urban center of the village. In the properties (farms and ranches), lived side by side free and captive men. In general, the owners of sites and farms had their labor formed by the nuclear family, and occasionally had the presence of aggregates and one or two captives. On the other hand, the lords of farms were living with their families, captives and aggregates. Being landowner and captives was not exclusive to whites; browns and blacks also were.

A pesquisa acompanha as experiências sociais de mulheres escravas, libertas e descendentes livres, na cidade de São Paulo, durante o último quartel do século XIX, no processo social da transição do trabalho escravo para o livre. Pesquisamos livros de inscrições e de contratos de trabalho livre, exigências previstas pelas Posturas Municipais sobre Criados e Amas de Leite, de 1886. O conjunto de regulamentos vinha formalizar deveres e obrigações para empregadores e trabalhadores livres, no contexto do crescimento urbano acelerado, do processo avançado da abolição e da política imigratória que conduziam para a Capital imigrantes pobres e libertos destutelados. Migrantes das regiões escravistas da Província e daquelas que forneceram escravos para o tráfico interprovincial, africanas livres e nascidas na Capital empregaram-se nas residências das elites e camadas médias urbanas. Vislumbramos as estratégias de sobrevivência das agentes do trabalho doméstico livres e pobres, que a polícia registrava nos anos finais do regime escravista. Afastadas das atividades rentáveis, no contexto de pouca diversificação econômica, ex-escravas e descendentes livres sobreviveram dos parcos ganhos auferidos daqueles serviços socialmente desqualificados, dos quais os membros das elites e classes médias dependiam: fazendeiros, estrangeiros proprietários de hotéis, donos de confeitarias, coronéis, funcionários públicos, profissionais liberais, viúvas pobres e remediadas. Reconstituímos o cotidiano dos variados trabalhos que desempenharam a cozinha, a lavagem e o engomado das roupas, a limpeza da casa, o cuidado e o aleitamento de crianças , transitando entre as ruas, as várzeas dos rios e o tenso ambiente das casas. Das entrelinhas dos textos emergem libertas dispostas a improvisar variadas formas de resistência e recusa à opressão cotidiana. Experimentaram as liberdades possíveis e inegociáveis: recusaram com suas indisciplinas as jornadas extenuantes de trabalho, conquistaram aumentos salariais, cuidaram de seus doentes, compartilharam moradias com seus companheiros e filhos. Abandonando por fim os sobrados, indispuseram-se ao assédio sexual, aos maus tratos e aos baixos ordenados, que nem sempre recebiam: permanências de um escravismo doméstico e persistente, que, com suas práticas, ousaram recusar. / The research assembles the social experiences of slave women, released and free descendants in São Paulo during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, in the social process of transition from slave work to freedom. In order to accomplished our aim, we rummage into the books, subscriptions and free employment contracts, requirements established by Municipal ordinances on Criadas e Amas de Leite, from 1886. The ensemble of regulations was made in order to formalize the duties and obligations for employers and free employees , in the context of hasty urban growth the advanced process of abolition and the immigration policy that led, to the main city, poor immigrants and unruly people. Migrants from provincial slavery region sand those slaveholders who provided slaves to an interprovincial trafficking, mainly free African born, were employed in the elite and urban middle classes residences. We glimpse the survival strategies from poor and free agents of the housework registered by the police during the final years of the slave regime. Displaced from profitable activities in the context of low economic diversification, formers slaves and free descendants survived from meager gains earned from these socially unskilled services of which the members of the elite and middle classes depended and profited: farmers, foreigners hotel owners, colonels, civil servants, professional, widows and poor remedied. Our research attempt to reconstruct the daily life of several jobs that these free women have done in the new social order: the kitchen, washing and ironing clothes, cleaning the house, care and feeding children, traffic in the streets, the riverside and the tense environment of the houses. Reading between the lines of texts, it is possible to observe the existence of released women willing to improvise various ways of resistance and rejection of everyday oppression. Their experience makes possible ways of non-negotiable freedom, refusing, with their misbehavior, the days of exhausting work, consequently, winning wage increases, caring for their patients and the possibility of sharing housing with their partners and children. With the further abandon of the traditional townhouses, they eventually avoid the sexual harassment and the bad treatment: sojourn of domestic and persistent slavery, that these women, with their daily practices, have dared to decline.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-03T18:01:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BartolomeuMendonca.pdf: 7776338 bytes, checksum: 55d965cc65ca192d16d1b33d52fcccc4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T18:01:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BartolomeuMendonca.pdf: 7776338 bytes, checksum: 55d965cc65ca192d16d1b33d52fcccc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / This thesis contests current and academic understanding of modernity as the expression of a civilized and superior humanity in all of its dimensions (social, political, economic, cognitive, moral) which would have in coloniality its unwanted side effect, and would allegedly have been overcome or is on its way to. Instead, it pursues to demonstrate that a conceptualanalytical inversion is possible: what has endured and is currently being deepened, is the coloniality that emerged in the fifteenth century, with the beginning of European empires great navigations towards the conquest of the new world – as they named it themselves; and modernity figures as economic, political, cognitive benefits, and so on, restricted to the settlers, or their reduced and dependent caste of subjects, the fruit of looting, theft, the death of coloniality’s victims, presently updated and deepened by the colonial heir elite. There is therefore the worldwide expression of coloniality (=modernity) which suggests the colonial continuum as an analytical proposition. To demonstrate the thesis of coloniality (=modernity) and the colonial continuum, the empirical situations of compulsory displacements were chosen, and the expropriation of territory, resources, products, knowledge and population government resulting from them. The colonial elite, as well as their inheritors, who have promoted primitive accumulation through despoliation, have at the same time profited from the expropriation and exploration of territories and the work force of Indigenous and African peoples and other peoples or traditional communities – currently the republic slaves. The debate over modernity, transmodernity, coloniality, development, progress, globalization, although controversial, has constituted the fundamental for the thesis main hypothesis: compulsory displacements due to planning, installation and operation of massive projects of intensive development in land, capital and workforce, which hierarchize human social groups, as well as their territories in civilized/barbarian or qualified/unqualified presently occur as unfoldings of a colonial modus operandi - by means of the colonial continuum. To demonstrate this hypothesis, as well as to furnish this thesis, besides drawing from a large academic production (ranging from contributions from Marx, 1985; Benjamin, 1987; Harvey, 2010; Foucault 2008; Ianni, 2000; to the those named post or de-colonial Latin Americans such as Dussel, 2005; Mignolo, 2003; Quijano, 1992), and speeches classified as common sense, contained in narratives, in conversations of people in traditional communities or presently circulating in pamphlets, newspapers and websites are also considered. The typical empiricists analysed who turn into privileged status of entities for inference were the RESEX communities in Tauá-Mirim, in Área Rural II, São Luis/MA, the Piquiá de Baixo community in Açailândia/MA, and the Projeto Pioneiro de Colonização in Buriticupu/MA. / Este trabalho de tese contesta a compreensão corrente e acadêmica sobre modernidade como expressão de uma humanidade civilizada e superior em todas as dimensões (social, política, econômica, cognitiva, moral) e que teria na colonialidade seu efeito colateral e indesejado, que supostamente já estaria superada ou em vias de superação. Ao contrário, procura demonstrar que é possível uma inversão conceitual-analítica, ou seja, que o que perdura e se aprofunda atualmente é a colonialidade, emergente a partir do século 15, com o início das grandes navegações dos impérios europeus rumo à conquista do, por eles mesmos denominado, novo mundo, e a modernidade figura como benefícios econômicos, políticos, cognitivos, etc. restritos aos colonizadores, ou a sua pequena e dependente casta de súditos, fruto do saque, do roubo, da morte das vítimas da colonialidade, atualizada e aprofundada, no tempo presente, pela elite herdeira colonial. Tem-se, portanto, a expressão mundial da colonialidade (= modernidade) que sugere, como proposta analítica, o continuum colonial. Para demonstrar a tese da colonialidade (= modernidade) e do continuum colonial elegeram-se as situações empírica dos deslocamentos compulsórios e das expropriações dos territórios, dos recursos, dos produtos, dos saberes e do governo das populações deles decorrentes. A elite colonial, bem como sua herdeira, que promoveram/promovem a acumulação primitiva e por espoliação, ao mesmo tempo se beneficiaram/beneficiam da expropriação e exploração dos territórios e da força de trabalho dos povos indígenas e africanos e outros povos ou comunidades tradicionais – hoje os escravos da república. O debate sobre modernidade, transmodernidade, colonialidade, desenvolvimento, progresso, globalização, apesar de controverso, constituiu a base para a principal hipótese desta tese: os deslocamentos compulsórios em razão do planejamento, instalação e operação de grandes projetos de desenvolvimento intensivos em terra, capital e trabalho, que hierarquizam os grupos sociais humanos, bem como os seus territórios, em civilizados/bárbaros ou qualificados/desqualificados ocorrem, atualmente, como desdobramentos do modus operandi colonial – pelo continuum colonial. Para demonstrar tal hipótese, bem como guarnecer esta tese, além de recorrer à larga produção acadêmica (que vai desde as contribuições de Marx, 1985; Benjamin, 1987; Harvey, 2010; Foucault, 2008; Ianni, 2000 até os denominados pós ou decoloniais latino-americanos como Dussel, 2005; Mignolo, 2003; Quijano, 1992), consideraram se, também, as falas classificadas como sendo senso comum, aquelas contidas nas narrativas, nas conversas das pessoas das comunidades tradicionais ou que circulam correntemente em panfletos, jornais, e sítios da internet. Os típicos empíricos analisados e que passam ao status privilegiado de entes para inferência foram as comunidades da RESEX Tauá-Mirim, na Área Rural II de São Luís/MA, a comunidade Piquiá de Baixo em Açailândia/MA; o Projeto Pioneiro de Colonização de Buriticupu/MA.

The Second Seminole War in Florida, 1835-1842, was a time of disruption and upheaval for all of those unfortunate enough to occupy the territory of Florida during the seven years of this protracted battle over Seminole removal to the West. Illicit trade was a major factor which enabled the Seminoles to resist removal for such an extended period. Illicit trade requires outside assistance. Documentary evidence suggests that such assistance was rendered by Spanish fishermen, English and American wreckers, slaves, free blacks, Native Americans and white American settlers. This thesis examines the evidence for plunder and illicit trade, and the possible outlets for various classes of plunder. Evidence is examined within a political economy theoretical framework. An archaeological research design is also developed to aid in identifying and recognizing war camps and war caches in the archaeological record.

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This thesis explores visual representations of British West Indian sugar in relation to the African slave trade practiced during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. During this time, sugar played a vital role to the lives of both European and non-Europeans as it was a source of great wealth for many and became transformed into one of the most demanded and widely consumed commodity. From the earliest days of British colonization, the cultivation and production of sugar in the Caribbean has been inextricably linked with the trade in African slaves to provide free labor for plantation owners and planters. This thesis considers how European artists visually represented sugar in its various forms---as an object for botanical study, as landscape and as consumable commodity---and in so doing, constructed specific ideas about the African slave body and the use of African slave labor that reflected personal and imperial agendas and ideologies.

Ce mémoire examine les questions à mouvement multiple en bulgare, en accordant une importance particulière aux mécanismes qui régissent l’ordre des syntagmes interrogatifs antéposés. Outre la présentation d’un phénomène linguistique complexe et très intéressant, l’étude propose un aperçu critique des hypothèses les plus importantes émises au fil des ans à propos des interrogatives multiples. Dans un premier temps, nous discutons des différentes approches renfermant l’idée que l’ordre des mots interrogatifs au début de la proposition dépend entièrement des règles syntaxiques. Ensuite, nous présentons les analyses qui tentent d’expliquer la problématique en faisant appel à des traits spécifiques des syntagmes Qu-, tels que [animé] ou [lié au discours]. Le rôle de la topicalisation et de la focalisation dans la formation des questions multiples, les projections fonctionnelles de la « périphérie gauche » en bulgare accueillant différents syntagmes, ainsi que la résomption comptent également parmi les sujets traités dans ce mémoire. / This study examines multiple Wh-interrogatives in Bulgarian, with particular reference to the mechanisms responsible for the order of fronted Wh- phrases. Apart from describing an interesting and quite complex linguistic phenomenon, this study offers a critical review of the main hypotheses that have been adduced to account for the properties of multiple interrogatives. First, we discuss the different approaches that attribute the order of fronted Wh-phrases entirely to syntactic rules. Next, we examine those analyses which seek to explain the phenomenon by appealing to specific features pertaining to Wh-phrases, namely [animate] or [discourse-linked]. Other topics discussed in the present study include the role of topicalization and focalization in multiple interrogative formation, the possibility that the functional projections of the Bulgarian left periphery may host various Wh-phrases, as well as the role and distribution of resumptive pronouns.

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, YEAR. / Title from screen (viewed on August 26, 2009). Department of English, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Jane E. Schultz, Jonathan R. Eller, Robert Rebein. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-83).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Art and Art History and Dept. of History. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005. / "A dissertation in art history and history." Advisors: Donald Matthews and Burton Dunbar. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 263-283). Online version of the print edition.