Avec notre thèse, nous voulons poser les fondements linguistiques et didactiques nécessaires à la future élaboration d’un programme ou d’une méthode en intercompréhension slave, en prenant l’exemple des langues slaves de l’ouest et du sud-ouest et en fournissant une analyse linguistique de trois langues : le tchèque, le slovène et le croate. Dans notre travail, nous cherchons principalement à fournir deux éléments : - Une série d’hypothèses linguistiques ayant pour objectif de déterminer les points à enseigner dans une méthode d’intercompréhension concernant le tchèque, le slovène et le croate ;- Une présentation de programmes et de supports en didactique de l’intercompréhension réalisés et testés dans le cadre de notre cursus.Dans notre travail, nous constatons que la didactique de l’intercompréhension slave diffère en de nombreux points avec les apprentissages classiques. Dans le cas de l’intercompréhension, de nombreux points normalement lourds et complexes à maîtriser peuvent n’être que survolés. Grâce à nos analyses, tant sur le plan linguistique que didactique, nous avons pu fournir une réflexion sur l’une des formes que pourra prendre une formation en intercompréhension slave dans le futur. Nous préconisons particulièrement l’utilisation de ressources en ligne, via, par exemple, le site www.rozrazum.eu, développé dans le cadre de cette thèse afin de tester des activités respectant la méthodologie proposée par Eurom 5 (Bonvino et al. 2001). Ce site pourra servir, dans un premier temps, de plate-forme de test et de mise au point d’approches didactiques, tout en étant fonctionnel, et donc disponible à un public d’apprenants. / With our thesis, we intend to lay out the linguistic and didactic foundations necessary for the future elaboration of a program or a method in Slavic intercomprehension by taking the example of the Western and the South-Western Slavic languages and in providing a linguistic analysis of three languages: Czech, Slovene and Croatian.In our work, we seek mainly to provide two elements:- A series of linguistic hypotheses aimed at determining the points to be taught in an intercomprehension method concerning Czech, Slovene and Croatian;- A presentation of programs and support in intercomprehension didactics realized and tested as part of our curriculum.In our work, we find that the didactics of Slavic intercomprehension differs in many ways from classical learning. In the case of intercomprehension, many points that are normally heavy and complex to master may be only passed through quickly.Thanks to our linguistical and didactical analyzes, we have been able to provide a reflection on one of the forms that Slavic intercomprehension formation can take in the future. We particularly recommend the use of online resources, for example via the website www.rozrazum.eu, developed as a part of this thesis to test activities following the methodology made for Eurom 5 (Bonvino et al., 2001). This website can initially be used as a test and development platform for didactical approaches, while being functional, and therefore available to a public of learners.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-26T13:16:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kadine Teixeira Lucas.pdf: 6072588 bytes, checksum: 8246a023b172ed831fb57271d26a1977 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-26T13:16:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kadine Teixeira Lucas.pdf: 6072588 bytes, checksum: 8246a023b172ed831fb57271d26a1977 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present work aims to investigate the projects for the education of the “ingenuous” (freeborn child of slaves) diffused on the printing-press of São Paulo between the promulgation of the “Free Womb Law” (1871) and the years that followed the abolition of slavery. Therefore, we analyse the way in wich the ideas about race and modernization were rellated to the pedagogical propositions for the child of slaves on the press vehicle that represented the ideology of white elite, called “Correio Paulistano” (1854-1942) and, in opposition to it, on two other journal of that period, “O Progresso – Orgam dos Homens de Côr” (1899) – wich we will call black press – and “A redempção, Folha Abolicionista” (1887-1899) -, wich we will identify as an abolitionist press / O presente trabalho se propõe a investigar os projetos para a educação dos ingênuos veiculados na imprensa paulista entre a promulgação da Lei do Vente Livre (1871) e os anos subsequentes à abolição da escravidão. Para tanto, analisamos de que maneira as ideias acerca de raça e modernização relacionavam-se às propostas educativas para os filhos de escravas no veículo da imprensa que representava o ideário da elite branca, o “Correio Paulistano” (1854 – 1942) e, em oposição a ele, em dois outros periódicos da época, “O Progresso - Orgam dos Homens de Côr” (1899) que chamaremos de imprensa negra e “A Redempção, Folha abolicionista” (1887 – 1899), que identificaremos como imprensa abolicionista

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nadja Maria Gomes Murta.pdf: 1969646 bytes, checksum: cc1f1d2f232612677c0d544ef2a972a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The reflection developed from three case studies - the food of the Portuguese seamen of the nineteenth century, the situation of food and nutritional security of a remaining quilombo community and food referred to black slaves in Brazil - seeks to show that the value (biological and cultural) attributed to food, is directly related to the notion of what is a healthy diet. With reference to the Portuguese Navy medical manuscripts, scientific books of that time and the narratives of travelers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, we seek to demonstrate that current scientific knowledge associated with the feeding habit of the European elite were the explanatory models adopted to disqualify foods and the food of the colonized, as well as the refusal, by the seamen, of the feed imposed to them. Moreover, it also occurs today because the prevalent biomedical model dismisses the value of ratings given to foods by traditional peoples, ignoring that some were taken as scientific to the early nineteenth century. For these and other reasons presented throughout this work, we conclude that it is necessary to adopt a critical look to the history of nutrition. A look valid for all professionals who work with food and nutrition of collectivities for those facing the past or those facing the current moment / A reflexão desenvolvida a partir de três estudos de casos a alimentação dos marinheiros portugueses do século XIX, a situação de segurança alimentar e nutricional de uma comunidade remanescente de quilombo e a alimentação referida ao escravo negro no Brasil busca demonstrar que o valor (biológico e cultural) atribuído ao alimento está diretamente relacionado à noção do que é uma alimentação saudável. Tendo como referência os manuscritos médicos da marinha portuguesa, os livros científicos da época e as narrativas de viajantes dos séculos XVIII e XIX, procuramos demonstrar que o conhecimento científico vigente associado ao hábito alimentar da elite europeia foram os modelos explicativos adotados para desqualificar os alimentos e a comida dos colonizados, bem como para a recusa, por parte dos marinheiros, da ração que lhes era imposta. Por outro lado, na atualidade ocorre o mesmo pois, o modelo biomédico prevalecente destitui de valor classificações dadas aos alimentos pelos povos tradicionais, desconsiderando que algumas foram tidas como científicas até o início do século XIX. Por estes e outros motivos apresentados ao longo desse trabalho, concluímos que se faz necessário adotar um olhar crítico frente à história da nutrição. Olhar válido para todos os profissionais que trabalham com a alimentação e a nutrição de coletividades sejam aqueles voltados para o passado ou aqueles voltados para o momento atual

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:54:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nadja Maria Gomes Murta.pdf: 1969646 bytes, checksum: cc1f1d2f232612677c0d544ef2a972a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The reflection developed from three case studies - the food of the Portuguese seamen of the nineteenth century, the situation of food and nutritional security of a remaining quilombo community and food referred to black slaves in Brazil - seeks to show that the value (biological and cultural) attributed to food, is directly related to the notion of what is a healthy diet. With reference to the Portuguese Navy medical manuscripts, scientific books of that time and the narratives of travelers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, we seek to demonstrate that current scientific knowledge associated with the feeding habit of the European elite were the explanatory models adopted to disqualify foods and the food of the colonized, as well as the refusal, by the seamen, of the feed imposed to them. Moreover, it also occurs today because the prevalent biomedical model dismisses the value of ratings given to foods by traditional peoples, ignoring that some were taken as scientific to the early nineteenth century. For these and other reasons presented throughout this work, we conclude that it is necessary to adopt a critical look to the history of nutrition. A look valid for all professionals who work with food and nutrition of collectivities for those facing the past or those facing the current moment / A reflexão desenvolvida a partir de três estudos de casos a alimentação dos marinheiros portugueses do século XIX, a situação de segurança alimentar e nutricional de uma comunidade remanescente de quilombo e a alimentação referida ao escravo negro no Brasil busca demonstrar que o valor (biológico e cultural) atribuído ao alimento está diretamente relacionado à noção do que é uma alimentação saudável. Tendo como referência os manuscritos médicos da marinha portuguesa, os livros científicos da época e as narrativas de viajantes dos séculos XVIII e XIX, procuramos demonstrar que o conhecimento científico vigente associado ao hábito alimentar da elite europeia foram os modelos explicativos adotados para desqualificar os alimentos e a comida dos colonizados, bem como para a recusa, por parte dos marinheiros, da ração que lhes era imposta. Por outro lado, na atualidade ocorre o mesmo pois, o modelo biomédico prevalecente destitui de valor classificações dadas aos alimentos pelos povos tradicionais, desconsiderando que algumas foram tidas como científicas até o início do século XIX. Por estes e outros motivos apresentados ao longo desse trabalho, concluímos que se faz necessário adotar um olhar crítico frente à história da nutrição. Olhar válido para todos os profissionais que trabalham com a alimentação e a nutrição de coletividades sejam aqueles voltados para o passado ou aqueles voltados para o momento atual

Jusqu’à son abolition en 1848, l’esclavage transatlantique a constitué un rôle fondamental dans la colonisation par la France de la Martinique. Cette étude examine la façon, dont les personnes, où les familles ont, dans le passé, été directement touché par l’esclavage perçoivent les politiques nationales relatives aux réparations. Les politiques concernant les esclaves et leurs descendants ont opéré en faveur des propriétaires d’esclaves (et leurs descendants), affirmant que l’avènement de la liberté a été une rémunération honorable et suffisante. Malgré une position politique antérieure de l’oubli, les descendants d’esclaves continuent d’agir pour la reconnaissance de l’esclavage dans l’histoire de la nation, et remettent en question la possibilité des réparations en matière de politiques publiques. Dans cette étude trois positions personnelles ont été observées : les sceptiques, les réparationistes et les indéterminés. L’étude révèle qu’une politique relative aux réparations est considérée comme acceptable si elle comprend une pleine reconnaissance et si elle est accompagnée d’une politique de compensation. Des politiques qui favorisent l’amnésie ou l’exaltation du passé sont perçues comme inacceptables. Les politiques de réparations sont envisagées comme plus acceptables dans les situations où l’intégration socioéconomique des descendants d’esclaves a été atteinte que dans les situations où elle ne l’a pas été. Comme en Martinique, le sujet des réparations gagne du terrain dans les arènes populaires, politiques et universitaires à l’échelle internationale : quels éléments sont considérés pour juger des positions politiques ? Quelles sont les opinions qui se révèlent ? / Until its abolition in 1848, transatlantic slavery constituted a fundamental role in France's colonization of Martinique. This study assesses the views regarding the possible national policies related to the slavery of people whose families have, in the past, been directly affected by slavery in Martinique. Policies regarding slaves and their descendants have operated in favor of slave owners (and their descendants), claiming that the advent of freedom was honorable and sufficient compensation. Despite instances of cultural amnesia in France, slave descendants continue to advocate for recognition of slavery in the nation’s history and they continue to question the possibility of reparations in public politics. Three qualitatively different personal positions were culled from this study’s participating slave descendants: Skeptics, Reparationists, and Undetermined. In addition to studying the factors that differentiate these groups, this study determines that a policy concerning reparations is acceptable if it includes the public recognition of historic prejudice and if it is accompanied by a policy for material compensation. Furthermore, the results indicate that policies which foster amnesia and an exaltation of a colonial past are perceived as unacceptable. In this study, reparations are considered more acceptable to slave descendants in policies where their socio-economic integration is directly addressed. As in Martinique, the subject of reparations is gaining traction in popular, political and academic arenas internationally: What factors should be examined to understand the opinions held by the descendants of slaves? What trends emerge from these ethical questions?

Trata do processo de configuração dos núcleos de fixação urbana de ex-escravos, tendo como estudo de caso a cidade de São Carlos, do interior paulista, a partir de três bairros surgidos contemporaneamente à Abolição, com grande presença negra: Vila Isabel, Vila Nery e Vila Pureza. A historiografia sobre os escravos no período pós-abolição do Brasil vem se tornando cada vez menos rara, no entanto ainda é nebulosa a influência exercida pela herança cultural dos ex-escravos no ambiente da cidade por eles ocupado, considerando aspectos materiais e imateriais. O presente trabalho trata da relação entre os bairros e o espaço em que eles se inseriram, bem como as relações espaciais entre as habitações e outros equipamentos dentro dos próprios núcleos. Analisa, ainda, as moradias, notando a ocupação do lote, a distribuição interna dos ambientes, o uso e representação de cada espaço e as transformações ocorridas ao longo do tempo. Por fim, visa contribuir para ampliar a historiografia do negro em nosso país, a partir de uma perspectiva que o considera ativo e atuante no processo de construção das cidades após abolição. / This configuration process of urban fixing neighborhoods of former slaves, taking as a case study the city of São Carlos, in São Paulo State, from three districts emerged contemporaneously with the abolition of slavery, with large black presence: Vila Isabel, Vila Nery and Vila Pureza. The historiography of the slaves in the post-abolition period in Brazil is becoming less and less rare, however it is still cloudy the influence of the cultural heritage of the former slaves in the city environment they occupy, considering material and immaterial aspects. This paper deals with the relationship between the neighborhoods and the space in which they were inserted, and the spatial relationships between housing and other equipment inside the neighborhoods themselves. It also analyzes the Vilas, noting the lot occupation, the internal distribution of environments, the use and representation of each space and the changes occurring over time. Finally, it aims to contribute to enlarge the historiography of black people in our country, from a perspective that considers them active in the construction process of the cities after abolition (1888).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Heloisa Souza Ferreira.pdf: 3740608 bytes, checksum: e1fc593a65792d78171452ef40474582 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-23 / Nessa dissertação analisamos os anúncios de escravos publicados em quatro jornais do Espírito Santo no século XIX. Sendo eles: Correio da Victoria (1849-1872), Jornal da Vitoria (1864-1869), O Constitucional (1885-1889) e o Espírito Santense (1870-1899). Analisamos esses documentos como construções discursivas da identidade escrava realizada conforme as convicções dos senhores, dentro de um quadro de expectativas do que se pretendia em termos de qualidades, virtudes e defeitos dos cativos. Apesar dessa documentação se caracterizar pelo olhar de quem as escreve, ou seja, os donos desses escravos, uma análise mais detalhada nos permitiu perceber aspectos das lutas diárias, hábitos, valores, formas de vestir, de comemorar e de reivindicar melhores condições de vida dos cativos. No desenvolvimento da análise percebemos que os periódicos tinham uma importância fundamental para a sociedade do Espírito Santo do século XIX. Esses jornais cumpriram um papel social que foi além das questões políticas partidárias defendidas pelos grupos e associações que os mantiveram e também funcionaram como uma espécie de justiça informal, atuando como uma espécie de poder coercitivo, alertando os infratores da lei de que a persistência no acoitamento acarretaria querelas jurídicas, bem como a sua exposição pública. Essa constatação nos direcionou para a hipótese de que ao comunicar um anúncio de fuga de escravo nos jornais, o anunciante buscava além do retorno do cativo, comunicar um problema, qual seja, o acoitamento de sua propriedade privada por outros indivíduos da sociedade, que muitas vezes foram denominados nas fontes como sedutores. Esses sedutores puderam ser melhor identificados neste trabalho com o auxilio de alguns inquéritos encontrados que envolviam essas contendas de fugas de escravos, e que revelaram que esses acobertadores não precisaram de muitos artifícios para seduzir os cativos, ou ainda que em alguns casos eles foram os seduzidos / This dissertation analyzes the slave advertisements published in four newspapers of the Province of the Espírito Santo in the nineteenth century: Correio da Victoria (1849-1872), Jornal da Vitoria (1864-1869), O Constitucional (1885-1889) and the Espírito Santense (1870-1899). We analyze these documents as discursive constructions of slave identity made according to master s convictions, within a patterns of expectations of what is intended in terms of qualities, virtues and defects of the captives. Although this documentation is characterized by the look of the person making, that is, the owners of slaves, a more detailed analysis allowed us to perceive aspects of their daily struggles, habits, values, ways of dressing, to celebrate and to demand better living conditions. In developing the analysis we perceive that the journals had a fundamental importance to society of the Province of the Espírito Santo of the nineteenth century. These newspapers have a social function that went beyond the issues advocated by partisan political groups and associations that remained: they also functioned as a kind of informal justice, acting as a kind of coercive power, warning violators of the law of the persistence in flogging entail legal disputes, as well as their public exposure. This finding directed us to the hypothesis that by communicating a notice of escape of a slave in the newspapers, the advertiser also sought the return of the captive, report a problem, namely, the flogging of private property by other individuals in the society, that many sometimes the sources were named as seductive. These seductive could be better seen in this study with the help of some investigations found these contentions involving leakage of slaves, which revealed that these harbourer did not have many tricks to entice captives, or, in some cases, they were seduced

In this paper, to write, mainly based on Hubei Jingzhou Han Tomb No. 247 of The laws and decrees of the second year"¡Bthe Bamboo Slips of Zhangjiashan in the Eary Han Dynasty Empress Lu years (186BC) promulgated the "The laws and decrees of the second year". And these systems, do in depth. While many of these systems inherited from Qin, but also in the history of the early Han dynasty and the associated changes in state policy, under which such an amendment and gain. In addition to the time of the early Han Dynasty inherited the Qin, " Registration of Residents " and " The System of Granting Homestead ", but also because of the unified emerging empire, no longer need to use Qin "of dollars in the first grant Jue," The System of Granting Homestead, but to set the succession after the system, military medals Jue system has become extremely important to establish the household registration system supporting measures. So, the early Han Dynasty all the people's economic rights and social well-being, they are all related and the title of nobility class. In addition, even the preparation of the results of Wu is not only related to people, security and home management, also affected the litigation system, and even to sit, and even the limits of regional action. A number of related management measures, they must meet for us. Rather special is that the "The laws and decrees of the second year"Lane set a lot of bearing on women's rights law, women enjoy a number of special treatment; even the servants, there are also benefits in the slave girl slave components. "The laws and decrees of the second year" domain inside the official system should not only permit the " Shiwu System " the existence of, and its importance in the history of philology, but also presents the official system, the superiority of the domain. This with the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi ¡E order" than right, more found that "The laws and decrees of the second year".

Not available / text

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1973.