The following work explores the phenomenon of death, one of the oldest questions of mankind. It tracks the evolution of the perception of death in the tradition of European Thought since the intention for eternity, through the gradual replacement of eternity with the pursuit of immortality, which ends up in nihilism. It also follows the gradual obfuscation of the death question to a state, where we do not understand our own death. In the second part we formulate paths from the implied nihilism through being to death and the authentic existence from Martin Heidegger, the oblation love from Gabriel Marcel, and experience with death of the nearest from P. L. Landsberg. Following these three philosophers we then formulate the concept of a concrete world as a world tied with us and therefore the non- indifferent world. In the third part of the thesis we project the whole issue into the education domain, which we formulate as an education to death, to love, and to courage. Education such as the one that teaches us to be, cannot avoid death. On the contrary, it is its core theme.

This thesis explores the access of care for the terminally ill in hospitals from 1945 until present. Issue include humane access to medics and nurses for terminally ill patients, and focus on the changes in care over time. The focus of exploration is palliative care in hospitals, awareness of palliative care, and the education of medics and nurses in this domain. Studies of postwar information is an integral part of this thesis's empirical research. This thesis deals with death as a taboo of modern society, and aspects of experiences of the terminally ill in last phase of life. The postwar period has emphasized spirituality, but the quality of care in the hospitals has worsened over time. After 1948, in the period of real socialism, there has been a measured deficit of psychological and spiritual support, less involvement from sanitary personnel, but a measured increase from the support of families. The present has put emphases on expertise, but there is less family cohesion and space for family care. The growing bureaucracy of sanitary care, and in general, more serious cases, has led to the work becoming harder.

The aim of the disseration is to discuss forms of commemorative art. The main focus is given to the development of micro-architectural elements as well as medieval liturgical practices. The dissertation briefly summarises historical, economic and cultural factors between 1300-1450 and their influence on the rise of gentry, guilds and merchants. They, together with the royals and clergy, were becoming influential commissioners of art at that time. English sacred buildings are not as soaring as those on the European continent. Several earthquakes are taken into account when discussing this specific character of English medieval architecture. A vast church interior space encouraged a development of micro- architectural structures. Mutual influences beween macro-architecture of buildings and micro-architecure of monuments is researched on an art-historical basis. Micro-architecture in England is very ornamental indeed. The term Decorated Style is used. English churches and cathedrals are impressive in terms of size. Their interiors offer lavishness of micro-architecture. Keywords English medieval architecture. Commemorative and votive art. Chantry chapels. The Black Death. The cult of the saints in the Middle Ages.

The diploma thesis examines a drama translation and its changes for staging purposes. The thesis strives for interdisciplinarity, for it enriches the theoretical-analytical approaches of translation studies with practical dramaturgy insights of the creators of the stagings. The thesis analyses Arthur Miller's play Death of a Salesman (1949) as translated by Luba and Rudolf Pellar (1962). Their literary translation is subjected to a translation analysis under Peter Newmark's model of analysing a translation (1988). Subsequently, the thesis examines the types and the extent of the changes in the scripts for stagings used in the Czech National Theatre in 1993-1996, and in the current staging in the Municipal Theatres of Prague (premiere in 2019) while employing their comparison with the Pellars' published translation. Key words: translation studies, translation of drama, Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller, Luba and Rudolf Pellar, staging, dramaturgy

Almost everybody at some point in life experiences the event of a dying of a close person. It presents the perspective of the end of existence, which is often difficult to relate to. That is understandable, because a living person typically doesn't want to imagine their own death - nonetheless, it seems to be important to be able to accept death and dying as a closing period of life. Theoretical section of the thesis characterizes phenomena of death and dying and their psychological context, as well as e.g. mourning. Next, palliative care is described as a field, which sees death and dying or care for the dying and their close persons respectively as its main area of focus. Lastly, the theoretical section analyzes wellbeing and coping strategies in relation to death and dying as extraordinary situations, in which all sorts of effects and processes occur that influence these psychological characteristics. Empirical section focuses on connecting wellbeing and coping strategies to the process of dying of a close person in young adults. Members of this age group usually already have several distinct experiences with dying and death of a close person, them being relatives or other close persons. Results of the study showed a wide scale of used coping strategies, as well as the fact that circumstances...

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor that occurs during infancy. Despite the great progress has been made in contemporary clinic medicine some forms of neuroblastoma disease are still found very difficult to treat . This work focuses on the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC) in the neuroblastoma cell lines. It is known that HDAC inhibitors may contribute to recurrence of the tumor cells by affecting the chromatin structure and thus increase the expression of critical tumor suppressor genes. These genes activate apoptotic pathways that may even be independent of caspases. We observed the efficiency of used HDAC inhibitors as under standard conditions an in hypoxia (1 % O2). Inadequate amount of oxygen supply is one of the characteristic features of tumors and it also may contribute to chemoresistance. With the hypoxia-induced chemoresistance of tumor cells, the influence of HIF-1α is expected. Some HDAC inhibitors reduce the amount of HIF-1α in hypoxia and thus HIF transcription factor activity. Thus, the first part of this study is concerned with the acquisition of suitable experimental arrangement for the monitoring of induction of cellular death in human neuroblastoma cell lines SK-N-AS and UKF-NB-3. Secondly, this paper provides the evaluation of the influence...

Death is an ever-present fact in human life and it affects its life course. Stable form of funeral ritual is developed from the need for reconciliation with one's own mortality and loss of loved ones. Traditional funeral ceremony based on combination of lore and Christian ritual had changed due to changes in political and social life during the 20th century. Probably the biggest effect had the administration of communist party which lasted for 40 years and which used funeral ceremony as propaganda of its regime. The struggle with traditional Christian funeral was connected with an open fight with church as such and was caused by communist effort to dominate social life. Instead of traditional Christian funeral communism proclaimed cremation as an anticlerical burial option. Effects of communism then developed new funeral rituals. This text is motivated by the effort to identify perception of death and its changes in Czech republic in the second half of the 20th century, using literary and oral sources. It searches for an answer to the question of whether communist regime changed funeral ritual and tries to identify it in taped oral sources.

4 Abstract Forgiveness and reconciliation as a manifestation of dialogic relationship Suffering and disease belongs to human life as well as death. They may have a specific culprit, but there are also crosses, which themselves can not be avoided. Taking the correct attitude in recognition of its own share of guilt, forgiveness of one another, but the adoption of forgiveness restores interpersonal dialogic space. It depends only on the personal decision of whether a person has for himself or for another love or hate. The proces sof healing relationships with oneself and the other person is not instantaneous, but takes place gradually. The correct concept of God from the biblical Revelation, who is dialogical himself, that Love itself, leads to a liberating faith and full life. By recognizing thein own guilt and desire to remedy the relationship of neighbour and God forgiveness and confidence in the celebration of the sacrament of recontiliation is open space for a new beginning. Eternal life is loneliness, while a man staggering out of isolation into a true unity with all our brothers. The encounter with Christ is meeting with his whole body. Keywords suffering, disease, death, guilt, forgiveness, reconciliation, dialogic, Christ

In this work, I will analyze several ancient myths, which are bonded by theme of chthonic symbolism. Vegetation cycle, dead and rebirth are topics, which we think were important for ancient cultures and analyzed myths should be a way, how those civilizations interpreted and understood to various aspects of rebirth and periodicity of life. In my effort to better comprehension of various attempts to cycles of vegetation and life, I will analyze several chthonic myths of ancient societies, which I will compare afterwards. Methodology of my analysis is inspired by narrative analysis and studies of folktales made by Vladimir Propp. I am using my own method based on his analysis of characters and their function. I am mostly focusing on characteristic of persons in myth, their role and function and on presence of chthonic symbols. This analysis is used for comparison of specific aspect of researched myths. Outputs of this research are some similarities founded in structure of myths, mostly in characteristic and roles of specific characters. On the other hand, some deities, which were commonly equated for instance by J.G. Frazer, are looking much more different, in their roles in researched myths. Analysis of methodology leads me to belief, that bigger attention to specific myths could be more useful, than...

In this work, I will make content analysis of several ancient myths, which are bonded by theme of chthonic symbolism. Vegetation cycle, dead and rebirth are topics, which we think were important for ancient cultures and analyzed myths should be a way, how those civilizations interpreted and understood to various aspects of vegetation rebirth and periodicity of life. In my effort to better comprehension of various attempts to understand and clarify cycles of vegetation and life, I will analyze several chthonic myths of ancient societies. For that I will use content analysis, where I am coding content of analyzed myths to several categories and subcategories. Afterwards, I am trying to find chthonic motive in coded content. This motive is explaining, how myth understand the cycles of life and death or vegetation. At the end, I am looking for this motives, in social institutions of those ancient societies. Founded motives are different in every myth, but they are still bonded with question of chthonicity. They also have a counterpart in various social institutions.